EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRIDS N ALABAMA, I1992.. . . . 9 2 Departmental Series No. 166 Department of Agronomy and Soils University Auburn Station Experiment Agricultural Alabama Auburn University, Alabama 1993 January Lowell T. Frobish, Director TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.......................................... ... INTRODUCTION Table 1. 5 6 10 ............................................. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 1992 Corn Hybrid Tests............................. NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Table 3. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Northern Alabama, 1990-92.........11 1992 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama..............................12 White Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama, 1990-92.....................................13 Early Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama, 1990-92.....................................14 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1992..............15 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Central Alabama, 1990-92..... 16 1992 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Central Alabama............................17 White Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama, 1990-92.......................................18 Early Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama, 1990-92.....................................19 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 1992................................20 BLACK BELT Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Black Belt Corn Hybrid/Virus Test 1990-92.......... 21 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Table 13. Table 14. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Southern Alabama, 1990-92.......... 1992 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama..... Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics at Headland, 1990-92........................... White Corn Hybrid Test, Southern Alabama, 1990-92...................................... Early Corn Hybrid Test, Southern Alabama, 1990-92.......................................... Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1992.................................. 22 23 24 25 26 Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 VIRUS DISEASE REACTIONS OF SOME HYBRIDS IN 1992.................. Procedure Results Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. .................. .................................... Incidence of Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus Disease in Regular Corn Hybrid Tests, 1992............. Incidence of Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus Disease in Regular Corn Hybrid Tests, 1992............. Growing Season Rainfall, 1990-92.................. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 1992..................... ......... SOURCES OF 1992 CORN HYBRID TEST SEED..... ACCEPTABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1993.............................. Information contained herein is available to all without regard to race, color, sex, or national origin ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina - W. B. Webster, H. E. Burgess, B. E. Norris Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville - J. T. Eason, M. E. Ruf Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield - W. A. Griffey, R. C. Rawls CENTRAL ALABAMA Black Belt Substation, Marion Junction - J. L. Holliman, J. R. Harris Prattville Experiment Field - D.P. Moore E.V. Smith Research Center, Shorter - R. R. Duffield Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee - S. P. Nightengale SOUTHERN ALABAMA Lower Coastal Plain Substation - J. A. Little, P. A. Rose Brewton Experiment Field - J. R. Akridge Monroeville Experiment Field - J. R. Akridge Gulf Coast Substation, FairhopeE. L. Carden, N. R. McDaniel, M. D. Pegues Wiregrass Substation, Headland - H. W. Ivey, L. N. Wells, B. E. Gamble Appreciation is also expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation, summarization, and analysis of the data in this report. -5- EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA, 1992 K.M. Glass, D.I. Bransby and R.T. Gudauskasi INTRODUCTION Selected varieties of corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are spread throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central and southern regions of the State. newly released hybrids. These tests include experimental and If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test in the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at three locations in the northern region, three locations in the central region and four locations in the southern region. White and early yellow corn hybrids In addition, one also are tested at one location in each region. regular and one white corn hybrid test are irrigated at Headland in southern Alabama. shown in Table 1. Procedure All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are 'Research Assistant, Professor of Agronomy and Soils, and Professor of Plant Pathology. -6- Rows were 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. are used, and both rows are harvested. depending on location. Two-row plots Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Headland are seeded at a rate to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 lb) per acre. degrees are considered lodged. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for When virus or other disease incidence at selected location each year. disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. Virus infection data from the tests at Marion Junction, Prattville, Belle Mina and Crossville are reported this year (Table 19 and Table 20), and are preceded by a report on the importance of the diseases, how they are rated, and the relevance of the results. Interpretation of Data In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among Given this situation it replicate plots are known as random variation. is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are "true" or "real" differences, or whether they are due to random vari ation. To do thi s a statistical analysi s i s conducted to -7- determine a "least significant difference" (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, real. it may not be If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to but if it is the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. With this in mind it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSD's vary from one location to another. This is because The random variation varies among locations and from year to year. coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. precise or reliable test is indicated. If the CV is low a Ideally, the CV should be below Values for the 10 percent, but CV's of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. year at one location. by location and region. only one year. Do not focus on results from only one Two- and three-year average yields are provided These are more useful guides than yields from For However, other factors may deserve consideration. example, the differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of -8- its yield under variable conditions, or what the "risk level" of the variety is. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 21) and soil types (Table 22) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. -9- Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 1992 Corn Hybrid Tests Location Planting date Nitrogen rate* Plant population Date harvested Herbicides used Northern Alabama Tennessee Valley Substation (Belle Mina) Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) Early corn test Regular test Preliminary test White corn test Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield) Central Alabama E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) Early corn test White corn test Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Black Belt Substation (Marion Junction) Southern Alabama Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) Monroeville Experiment Field (Monroeville) Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden) Wiregrass Substation (Headland) Regular test (unirrigated) Regular test (irrigated) White corn test (irrigated) Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) Early corn test Regular test ~3 dC1~ Preliminary test \1'141 IVII VUII~~ IVII I 1 DC! I L 3UU~ Ld L I VII *Pounds per acre N. recommendations. April 6 April April April April April 10 13 13 13 6 135 153 153 153 153 100 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 September 17 September September September September September 11 24 25 28 23 Atrazine Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Atrazine I 0 April April March March March 6 6 31 27 17 153 153 142 120 150 120 123 122 138 200 200 150 150 150 IJV 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 25,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 August 18 August 20 August 18, 31 September 1 August 31 Atrazine/Lasso Atrazine/Lasso Atrazine/Lasso Atrazine Atrazine March 26 March 27 March 30 April 8 April 8 April 8 March 3 March 16 March 16 I'IQLI ~n I I September 10 Atrazi ne/Dual September 1,2 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual August 25 September September September August 5 August 5 August 5 Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test Table 2. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Northern Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 2-yr. 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. 141 140 139 139 139 137 137 137 137 135 135 135 135 134 131 - Lodged Stalks, Av. 2-yr. 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. 2.0 1.2 2.0 1.2 2.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 2.2 1.0 2.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.5 0.8 2.0 1.3 2.8 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.8 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.8 0.8 3.3 1.3 2.8 1.0 1.0 NC+ 7507.................. Pioneer 3165.............. Cargill 9027.............. Pioneer 3140.............. Northrup King S8505....... Terra TR 1180............. AgraTech 888.............. Northrup King S8645....... Northrup King N8727....... Dekalb DK 689............. Deltapine G-4666.......... Zimmerman Z 27............. ICI SB 1802............... Jacques 8510.............. AgraTech 825.............. Dekalb DK 715............. Hy Performer HS-9773...... Hy Performer HS-9911...... Pioneer 3154.............. AgraTech 757............... Northrup King PX9540...... - 145 148 149 144 143 147 145 146 146 149 144 136 139 138 132 150 146 140 139 136 120 *Belle Mina and Crossville. -11- Table 3. 1992 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama Brand Name-Hybrid Belle Mina Bu. Crossville Bu. Winfield Bu. Yield Per Acre Bu. Lodged Stalks Pct. 1992 Regional Averages Test Mid-** Husk* Weight Silk Cover Lb./Bu. Mo.-Da. Rating Harvest Moisture Pct. 17.1 17.0 17.1 18.8 17.2 17.1 16.9 17.8 18.4 17.0 17.2 16.4 16.5 16.0 16.8 16.6 16.5 17.3 17.0 16.0 16.1 16.7 16.2 16.4 17.2 16.6 16.8 17.0 16.4 16.1 16.7 16.5 16.0 15.8 Dekalb DK 715......... Dekalb DK 743......... Pioneer 3146.......... Pioneer 3085.......... McCurdy 7777.......... Cargill 9027.......... Dyna-Gro XP8309....... Pioneer 3165.......... ICI Garst 8105........ Dekalb DK 689......... AgraTech 888........... Hy Performer HS-9773.. Northrup King S8645... 176 174 158 145 164 170 158 163 157 162 159 161 157 NC+ 7507 .............. 156 Deltapine G-4666...... 150 IC! SB 1802........... 158 Terra TR 1180......... 162 Northrup King N8727... 159 Hy Performer HS-9911.. 154 Cargill 7997.......... 154 Terra TR 1167......... 145 Dyna-Gro 8116......... 149 Zimmerman Z 27........ 135 NC+ 7304.............. 138 Pioneer 3154.......... 138 Pioneer 3140.......... 139 McCurdy 7477.......... 157 AgraTech 825...........141 Northrup King S8505... 139 AgraTech 757.......... 147 Jacques 8510.......... 154 Dyna-Gro 8290......... 135 Deltapine 4581........ 140 Northrup King PX9540.. 132 Test Average .......... L.S.D. (.05).......... C.V. (%)............. 152.4 16.9 7.9 194 202 194 177 183 171 183 187 171 179 180 177 179 171 178 166 168 167 181 168 158 176 172 166 180 173 152 165 174 161 163 151 158 135 172.2 19.7 8.2 121 115 120 147 118 120 120 107 128 115 115 115 113 118 113 116 108 110 101 108 127 100 115 116 102 106 108 109 100 103 87 113 96 97 111.8 23.8 15.2 164 163 157 156 155 154 153 152 152 152 151 151 150 148 147 146 146 145 145 143 143 142 141 140 140 139 139 138 137 137 135 133 131 121 4.0 5.3 1.7 7.3 9.3 3.7 1.7 1.3 2.0 3.7 2.0 4.7 2.7 3.0 3.7 2.0 1.3 4.3 1.7 2.3 1.7 1.3 5.7 1.7 3.3 2.0 4.0 2.7 5.3 2.3 9.3 1.7 1.0 2.7 57.1 57.5 58.0 55.9 57.1 57.8 56.5 56.4 58.7 56.6 59.3 56.3 58.8 57.2 58.3 57.5 59.1 57.9 58.1 57.7 57.2 57.9 57.6 57.8 57.1 56.6 57.9 58.4 57.2 57.8 57.8 58.0 57.5 58.0 6-27 6-27 6-27 6-30 7-1 6-28 6-27 6-30 7-3 6-28 7-3 6-28 7-2 7-4 7-3 6-27 7-1 6-30 7-1 6-29 7-1 7-1 7-3 7-2 6-26 6-29 6-28 6-29 7-5 7-3 6-28 6-30 7-2 6-29 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 I 2 1 1 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 * 1= Excel ent; 5= Very Poor. ** Mid-Silk Data from Crossville and Winfield only. -12- Table 4. White Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 1992 2-yr. 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 148 141 140 134 133 133 132 130 121 155 156 154 143 143 145 146 140 136 135 187 201 192 179 175 175 179 183 175 167 178 177 Lodged Stalks, Av. 2-yr. 1992 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 0.7 1.3 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.7 1.7 2.0 1.7 - Midsilk o./Da. 7-7 7-3 7-4 7-5 7-3 7-5 7-5 7-3 7-4 7-4 7-4 7-3 Test Weight Lb./Bu. 52.0 55.5 53.3 55.5 55.8 54.0 53.1 53.3 53.3 55.3 53.5 55.4 1992 Harvest Husk*** Moisture Cover Pct. Rating 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 17.2 17.0 16.9 17.0 17.1 17.3 17.2 17.1 17.0 16.8 16.8 17.4 Pioneer 3165 **....... Zimmerman Z 63 W...... Dekalb DK 689 **...... Deltapine G-4644W...... Zimmerman Z 16 W...... Zimmerman Z 54 W...... Hy Performer HS 175W.. Pioneer 3144W......... Zimmerman Z 17 W...... Pioneer 3281W......... Hy Performer HS165W... Hy Performer HS185W... 1.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.5 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 - 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Test Average .......... L.S.D. (.05) .......... C.V. (%) .............. * Crossvile. ** Yetlow Corn Check Hybrid. *** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. 180.6 15.6 7.5 -13- Table 5. EarLy Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama*, Lodged Stalks, Av. 3-YR. 2-YR. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0 0.5 0.5 0 1.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 2.0 1.0 0 1.0 0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 3-YR. 2-YR. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 150 144 134 131 128 127 126 124 118 166 160 142 139 134 133 133 127 118 140 113 170 158 149 150 149 143 149 120 128 136 117 160 125 120 1992 Test Husk** Weight Cover Mo./Da. Lb./Bu. Rating Midsi k 7-1 7-1 6-30 6-26 6-28 6-26 6-28 6-28 6-27 6-29 6-26 7-1 6-25 6-29 56.0 56.1 55.5 56.0 57.1 56.5 56.4 57.2 56.0 55.3 54.7 56.2 55.1 55.1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 Harvest Moisture Pct. 22.4 22.2 20.7 20.9 22.3 21.4 21.7 19.8 20.8 20.7 18.6 20.1 19.0 22.8 Pioneer 3165 ***..... Dekalb DK 689 ***.... Zimmerman Z 27 ....... Zimmerman Z 38 ....... Deltapine DP 5750.... AgraTech 825......... Deltapine G-4666..... Pioneer 3245......... ICI SB 1802 .......... Deltapine 4581....... Pioneer 3394 ......... ICI Garst 8315 ....... Northrup King N6330.. Pioneer 3215......... Test Average ......... L.S.D. (.05) ......... C.V. (%)............. 140.9 20.7 12.7 * Crossvi LLe. ** 1= Excell tent; 5= Very Poor. *** Standard Mid to Late Season Hybrids. -14- Report of Preliminary Tests Table 6. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1992 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Per Acre Bu. Lodged Stalks Pct. 0 0 1.0 4.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 2.0 1.0 0 1.0 0 0 1.0 Harvest Test Husk* Midsilk Weight Moisture Cover PCT. Rating Mo.-Da. Lb./Bu. 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 7-4 7-6 7-1 7-7 7-3 7-1 7-1 7-4 7-4 7-1 7-3 7-3 7-2 6-30 7-3 7-1 6-29 52.7 53.0 53.1 53.2 54.1 56.0 55.5 54.3 53.3 53.0 53.5 53.7 54.9 53.8 54.2 53.7 52.1 18.1 18.5 17.0 18.5 18.5 17.4 18.4 17.0 18.1 16.5 18.5 18.1 18.1 17.4 17.2 17.0 17.0 193 Dekalb DK 689 **... 192 Pioneer X7702RP.... 189 Dekalb Exp 064..... 186 Pioneer 3165 **.... Hy Performer 185 HS9977........... 181 Dyna-Gro 5510...... 177 Deltapine 4742..... Hy Performer 177 HS9843........... 175 Deltapine 8695..... Hy Performer 174 HS9502........... Northrup King 172 N8811............ 171 Terra TR 700E...... 171 Terra TR 621E...... 166 Deltapine 8620..... NC+ 6959...........162 159 NC+ 6485........... 157 Jacques 7970....... Test Average....... L.S.D. (.05)....... C.V. (%)...........7.7 175.6 19.3 * 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. ** Standard Hybrids for Comparison. -15- Table 7. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Central Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, v 3-yr. 2-yr. 1991-92 1990-92 Bu. Bu. 106 104 100 99 99 98 97 96 96 91 91 ~ \~ Lodged Stalks, Av. 2-yr. 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct.. 1.5 2.5 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 0.7 1.5 1.5 2.5 11 Jacques 9220.......... McCurdy 7777.......... Pioneer 316. . .. 00 0* J s 82 10.........0 acque Deltapine DP 5750......0 Dekalb DK 689.........*0 ICI SB 1802...........00 Deltapine G-4666....... Cargill 9027............ Pioneer 34..... Pioneer 3320............ Pioneer 35..... ~A L1~ * I~ I~; L~A 120 112 113 113 104 110 107. 111 103 98 98 100 0.8 1.5 2.3 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 0.5 1.5 1.5 3.0 4.3 Prattville and Camden. - 16- Table 8. 1992 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Central Alabama Brand Name-Hybrid PrattviLLe Bu. Camden Bu. 138 135 128 118 134 121 118 122 107 129 112 110 112 125 107 107 103 99 90 Yield Per Acre Bu. 123 122 121 114 113 113 110 109 109 109 108 107 106 105 105 103 100 94 89 Lodged Stalks Pct. 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 2.0 0.5 0 1.5 1.0 0 0.5 0 0.5 0 0 3.0 0.5 2.5 1992 Regional Averages Husk* MidTest Cover Silk Weight Rating b.u. Mo.-Da. 56.3 55.9 56.1 58.6 55.6 56.7 57.5 54.7 55.8 56.1 56.9 57.4 54.0 54.7 55.7 57.8 56.6 55.3 57.0 6-15 6-15 6-15 6-14 6-15 6-15 6-15 6-14 6-15 6-14 6-15 6-13 6-14 6-15 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Harvest Moisture Pct. 14.9 14.4 14.3 14.2 14.2 14.4 13.8 13.9 14.5 13.5 14.5 13.6 13.4 13.5 13.8 13.7 14.3 13.5 14.0 Terra TR 1167 ....... Jacques 9220........ Pioneer 3136........ Pioneer 3146 ........ Pioneer 3165........ Pioneer 3085........ Deltapine DP 5750... Cargill 7997........ McCurdy 7777........ Cargill 9027........ Deltapine G-4666.... Jacques 8210........ Dyna-Gro XP8309 ..... Dekalb DK 689....... ICI SB 1802......... Dyna-Gro 8290....... Pioneer 3154........ Pioneer 3140........ Pioneer 3320........ 107 110 114 109 92 106 101 97 111 88 103 103 101 85 103 99 97 90 88 Test Average........ L.S.D. (.05)........ C.V. (%)............ 100.1 15.9 11.2 116.5 17.8 10.8 * 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. - 17- Table 9. White Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre. Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 148 146 141 140 133 132 131 128 123 156 156 152 152 142 147 136 140 135 143 162 169 161 154 158 153 149 140 136 149 159 154 Lodged Stalks. Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Pct Pct. Pct. 0.3 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 1.3 0 0.5 1.5 1.5 0 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.5 0 0 1.0 3.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 Midsi k Mo./Da. 6-17 6-16 6-17 6-16 6-17 6-15 6-16 6-17 6-16 6-16 6-15 6-16 1992 Test Weight Lb./Bu. 56.5 57.0 56.1 57.0 55.5 56.1 56.7 58.5 55.1 58.2 57.1 57.1 Harvest Moisture Pct. 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 Pioneer 3165 **-..... Zimmerman Z 63 W.... Zimmerman Z 54 W.... Zimmerman Z 17 W .... Hy Performer HS 175W........... Dekalb DK 689**-..... Zimmerman Z 16 W.... Deltapine G-4644W... Pioneer 3144W....... Pioneer 3281W....... Hy Performer HS185W. Hy Performer HS165W. Test Average ........ L.S.D. (.05) ........ C.V. (%)............ * Shorter. ** YeLLow Corn Check Hybrid. 153.6 12.3 6.9 -18- Table 10. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama*, 1990-92 BRAND NAME-HYBRID Yield Per Acre, Av. 2-YR. 1992 3-YR. 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 151 148 147 140 140 139 138 136 127 169 157 162 146 148 155 147 147 138 149 143 179 172 174 153 159 168 158 159 145 163 152 172 158 148 Lodged Stalks. Av. 3-YR. 2-YR. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 0 0.3 0 0 0 0.3 0 0.3 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0.5 0 0.5 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 3.0 0 Midsilk Mo./Da. 6-16 6-17 6-16 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-15 6-16 6-15 6-15 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-15 1992 Test Weight Lb./Bu. 56.5 57.3 58.6 56.1 56.5 56.9 57.0 57.0 56.4 57.1 57.4 56.5 56.3 55.8 Harvest Moisture Pct. 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 Dekalb DK 689 ** ..... Pioneer 3165 **...... Pioneer 3245.......... Deltapine DP 5750.... DeLtapine G-4666..... Zimmerman Z 27 ....... ICI SB 1802o.......... AgraTech 825.......... Zimmerman Z 38...... Pioneer 3394......... Deltapine 4581 ....... ICI Garst 8315 ....... Pioneer 3215......... Northrup King N6330.. Test Average ......... L.S.D. (.05) ......... C.V. (%) ........... * Shorter. ** Standard 161.3 15.2 8.2 Mid to Late Season Hybrids. -19- Report of Preliminary Tests Table 11. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at TatLlassee in Central Alabama, 1992 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Per Acre Bu. 117 111 110 108 100 99 97 96 96 92 87 86 Lodged Stalks Pct. 0 3.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 1.0 1.0 Husk* Cover Rating 3 3 3 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 MidsiLk Mo.-Da. 6-22 6-22 6-21 6-22 6-22 6-22 6-21 6-22 6-23 6-23 6-21 6-23 Test Weight Lb./Bu. 57.5 55.3 58.3 57.4 55.1 57.3 55.9 58.4 58.9 58.7 56.9 56.3 Harvest Moisture Pct. 24.0 23.2 18.7 23.0 22.5 19.5 23.0 21.4 21.9 20.7 19.0 20.8 Pioneer 3165 **.............. Deltapine 8695................ NC+ 6485................... .. Pioneer X7702RP .............. Dekalb DK 689 **............. Dekalb Exp 064................ Terra TR 700E ................ Dyna-Gro 5510 ..... ........ Northrup King N8811 .......... Deltapine 4742............... Deltapine 8620............... Terra TR 621E................ Test Average............ L.S.D. (.05)........... C.V. (%)................ 99.9 23.1 16.1 * 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. ** Standard Hybrids for Comparison. -20- Table 12. Black Belt Corn Hybrid/Virus Test, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu Bu. 130 121 115 114 109 101 99 125 123 119 117 102 101 88 129 108 150 139 140 142 117 123 91 154 121 149 141 138 134 134 131 118 Lodged Stalks, Av. 2-yr. 1992 3-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 4.3 3.3 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.0 6.5 4.5 5.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 7.5 4.5 12.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 4.0 15.0 9.0 7.0 11.0 12.0 16.0 8.0 11.0 6.0 Midsi k Mo.-Da. 6-11 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-8 6-10 6-14 6-12 6-8 6-10 6-11 6-8 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-12 1992 Test Husk** Weight Cover Lb./Bu. Rating 57.1 56.0 57.4 57.5 57.4 59.9 59.1 58.7 60.7 57.0 60.1 56.3 56.6 59.1 59.8 56.7 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 Harvest Moisture Pct. 19.1 16.0 17.4 16.5 17.0 16.3 19.3 16.6 18.1 17.8 18.7 16.6 15.3 15.9 16.3 15.8 Pioneer 3165 ......... DekaLb DK 689 ........ McCurdy 7777.......... Jacques 9220......... Jacques 8510......... AgraTech 888......... ICI SB 1860.......... Pioneer 3085......... Jacques 8410......... DekaLb DK 743........ McCurdy 8181......... Pioneer 3154......... Pioneer 3215......... Dyna-Gro 8116 ........ Cargi LL 8527......... Deltapine 4682 ....... Test Average ......... L.S.D. (.05) ......... C.V. (%)............. 132.6 17.0 11.1 * Marion Junction. See Tables 19 & 20 for virus disease reactions. ** 1= Excel Lent; 5= Very Poor. -21- Table 13. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Southern Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. 108 106 106 106 105 104 104 101 101 101 101 99 98 94 116 109 114 113 111 108 108 104 105 104 107 104 106 96 111 107 106 103 102 102 98 Lodged Stalks, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. 2.3 6.8 1.9 2.5 3.4 4.1 1.8 3.6 4.8 2.8 2.7 1.7 1.3 5.0 3.5 10.0 2.8 3.5 5.1 5.9 2.3 4.8 6.3 3.8 3.8 2.1 2.0 7.4 2.8 2.9 4.5 3.3 5.6 3.3 3.9 Terra TR 1180............ Jacques 9220............. Northrup King S8645...... AgraTech 888............. Dekalb DK 689............ McCurdy 7777............. McCurdy 8181............. Cargill 9027............. Northrup King S8505...... Pioneer 3165............. Sunbelt 7400............. ICI SB 1860.............. Northrup King N8727...... NC+ 7507.................. Deltapine G-4666......... Deltapine DP 5750 ....Pioneer 3136............. Pioneer 3085.............. Hy Performer HS-9773..... Hy Performer HS-9911 .....Dekalb DK 715 ............ * Fairhope, Brewton, Monroeville, and Headland. -22- Table 14. 1992 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama Brand Name-Hybrid Fairhope Bu. Brewton Bu. 110 118 118 116 126 109 105 90 108 88 102 107 89 110 98 90 105 98 108 91 91 91 74 97 103 64 66 80 63 77 62 52 93.9 29.9 22.7 Monroeville Bu. 112 112 109 119 111 113 124 113 119 105 126 106 118 99 102 99 103 90 109 91 100 108 116 103 95 106 90 95 87 75 94 85 104.0 24.6 16.9 Headland Bu. 91 87 83 94 76 77 74 78 75 70 68 73 65 66 81 86 66 76 72 74 78 61 74 74 58 70 69 55 63 55 33 56 71.1 22.9 22.9 Yield Lodged Per Acre Stalks Bu. Pct. 108 107 106 105 104 104 103 103 102 99 99 98 98 97 97 97 96 95 95 95 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 85 82 79 74 73 5.3 5.8 6.5 6.5 5.3 6.5 4.5 9.3 5.5 9.0 9.3 17.5 4.8 11.0 6.3 7.5 6.3 4.5 3.8 11.3 12.0 4.8 11.0 3.5 7.3 5.3 10.5 4.5 12.0 9.0 6.5 3.3 1992 Regional Averages Test MidHusk* Weight Silk Cover Rating Lb./Bu. Mo.-Da. 57.4 57.2 57.1 57.4 56.9 55.6 57.6 55.3 57.2 55.8 56.6 56.3 55.1 56.3 55.9 56.3 57.0 56.8 57.7 55.8 56.2 57.7 55.9 56.5 55.7 56.1 56.9 56.8 56.2 56.2 56.3 58.1 6-8 6-7 6-7 6-10 6-9 6-13 6-9 6-10 6-9 6-7 6-7 6-11 6-9 6-7 6-9 6-10 6-9 6-8 6-9 5-30 6-8 6-6 6-10 6-11 6-7 6-12 6-8 6-7 6-11 6-10 6-8 6-14 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 Harvest Moisture Pct. 16.5 16.5 16.4 16.4 16.3 17.7 17.6 16.7 16.3 16.8 16.4 17.0 16.1 16.9 17.2 16.0 16.2 16.4 16.7 16.5 16.2 16.8 16.8 17.1 16.2 17.1 16.5 16.1 16.5 15.9 15.7 17.7 I N3 Northrup King S8645...... Hy Performer HS-9911..... Terra TR 1180............ AgraTech 888............. Deltapine G-4666.......... SunbeLt 7400 ............. McCurdy 8181.............. Dekalb DK 689............ Deltapine DP 5750........ Pioneer 3136............. Cargill 9027............. Jacques 9220............. Dyna-Gro XP8309.......... Dekalb DK 743............ Pioneer 3165............. Terra TR 1167............ Dyna-Gro 8116............ Pioneer 3146............. Northrup King N8727...... Hy Performer HS-9773..... Northrup King S8505...... ICI Garst 8105........... McCurdy 7777............. ICI SB 1860.............. Dekalb DK 715............ Pioneer 3085............. AgraTech 757............. Dyna-Gro 8290............ NC+ 7507................. DeLtapine 4581........... Cargill 7997............. Cargill C701............. TEST AVERAGE............. L.S.D. (.05)............. C.V. (%)................ 117 112 116 91 103 116 109 131 106 134 101 108 118 115 106 113 112 118 92 123 104 107 99 85 101 111 123 111 117 108 107 98 109.6 30.8 20.0 * 1= ExcelLent; 5= Very Poor. Table 15. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 1990-92* Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 1992 3-yr. 2-yr. 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 167 161 166 152 156 152 150 153 151 158 151 146 143 139 167 165 162 155 151 145 145 144 150 151 154 145 107 133 140 141 134 136 144 121 128 150 153 147 137 156 137 134 149 147 145 138 136 133 127 126 121 121 120 Lodged Stalks, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 6.7 4.7 6.0 1.7 3.0 3.0 3.7 2.7 1.0 1.7 5.3 7.3 7.7 12.7 9.5 6.5 9.0 2.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 4.0 1.5 2.5 8.0 10.0 11.5 18.0 4.5 7.5 3.5 5.0 1.5 15.5 13.5 10.0 1.0 8.0 1.0 0 1.0 3.0 1.0 0 2.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 22.0 4.0 4.0 1.0 6.0 1.0 21.0 4.0 1.0 2.0 6.0 5.0 1.0 5.0 3.0 1.0 14.0 4.0 4.0 Midsilk 1992 Test Husk** Harvest Weight Cover Moisture Pct. Mo.-Da. Lb.Bu. Rating 5-13 5-21 5-13 5-21 5-13 5-21 5-13 5-13 5-21 5-13 5-28 5-13 5-21 5-28 5-13 5-21 5-28 5-28 5-21 5-28 5-28 5-13 5-13 5-21 5-28 5-21 5-28 5-21 5-13 5-13 5-28 5-21 57.8 56.5 54.9 59.2 59.0 57.4 55.5 58.0 58.7 59.6 56.7 57.1 56.7 56.1 56.3 58.3 59.2 58.9 57.3 57.1 55.8 57.9 59.4 57.2 57.3 56.8 58.7 57.4 56.2 56.3 55.9 60.6 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 4 2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 180 Jacques 9220........... 171 Dekalb DK 689.......... Sunbelt 7400........... 170 Northrup King N8727.... 165 McCurdy 8181 ........... 165 ICI SB 1860............ 163 Northrup King S8505.... 162 AgraTech 888........... 161 Terra TR 1180.......... 159 Northrup King S8645.... 159 McCurdy 7777........... 158 Cargill 9027........... 154 153 NC+ 7507............... Pioneer 3165........... 149 Pioneer 3136........... Deltapine G-4666....... Hy Performer HS-9911... Deltapine DP 5750...... Dekalb DK 715.......... Pioneer 3085........... Hy Performer HS-9773... Pioneer 3146........... ICI Garst 8105......... Terra TR 1167.......... Dekalb DK 743.......... AgraTech 757........... Dyna-Gro 8116.......... Dyna-Gro 8290.......... Dyna-Gro XP8309........ Deltapine 4581......... CargiLtLt 7997........... Cargill C701............- Test Average ........... L.S.D. (.05) ........... C.V. (X)............... 137.6 25.1 13.0 * The test received approximately 11.3 months of May, June and July. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. inches of irrigation water in 9 applications during the -24- Table 16. White Corn Hybrid Test, Southern Alabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 163 156 153 150 149 145 145 140 138 153 141 148 146 140 132 126 125 128 132 143 130 129 141 129 119 113 108 115 116 142 133 Lodged Stalks, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 3.7 2.7 2.7 2.3 4.3 4.3 5.3 3.7 3.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 6.5 5.0 8.0 5.5 4.0 2.0 6.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 10.0 8.0 13.0 1.0 7.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 Midsilk Mo./Da. 5-13 5-21 5-21 5-13 5-13 5-13 5-13 5-13 5-21 5-21 5-13 5-28 1992 Test Husk*** Harvest Weight Cover Moisture Lb./Bu. Rating Pct. 57.8 57.7 56.4 57.3 59.3 56.6 57.4 56.1 57.3 58.3 57.7 57.6 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 Zimmerman Z 63 W........ Zimmerman Z 16 W........ Dekalb DK 689 **........ Zimmerman Z 17 W....... Deltapine G-4644W....... Zimmerman Z 54 W....... Pioneer 3144W.......... Pioneer 3165 **........ Hy Performer HS 175W... Pioneer 3281W.......... Hy Performer HS165W.... Hy Performer HS185W.... Test Average ........... L.S.D. (.05) ........... C.V. (%)............... * during the ** *** 126.4 16.1 11.0 Headland. The test received approximately 11.3 inches of irrigation water in 9 applications months of May, June and July. Yellow Corn Check Hybrid. 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. -25- Table 17. EarLy Corn Hybrid Test, Southern ALabama*, 1990-92 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. 3-YR. 2-YR. 1992 1990-92 1991-92 Bu. Bu. Bu. 108 98 96 96 95 94 92 88 88 97 74 82 80 75 72 81 73 71 87 67 124 108 115 113 113 101 119 118 99 124 110 118 112 111 Lodged Stalks. Av. 2-YR. 1992 3-YR. 1990-92 1991-92 Pct. Pct. Pct. 0 0.3 0 1.3 0 0 0 0 0.3 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 - MidsiLk M.a. 5-30 5-29 5-28 5-31 5-28 5-26 5-28 5-26 5-26 5-28 5-26 5-29 5-28 5-25 1992 Test Husk** Harvest Cover Moisture Weight Lb./Bu. Rating Pct. 56.2 56.9 56.9 56.5 58.5 57.4 57.8 57.5 55.9 56.8 57.9 57.3 57.2 57.5 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 21.3 20.7 20.6 21.7 20.0 21.0 20.2 20.9 21.4 20.4 19.4 20.3 21.1 20.3 Dekalb DK 689 ***..... DeLtapine DP 5750..... Deltapine G-4666...... Pioneer 3165 ***..... Pioneer 3245.......... Zimmerman Z 38........ Zimmerman Z 27........ AgraTech 825.......... ICI SB 1802........... Deltapine 4581........ Pioneer 3394.......... ICI Garst 8315........ Pioneer 3215.......... Northrup King N6330... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 1.0 Test Average.......... L.S.D. (.05) .......... C.V. (%).............. 113.2 22.8 17.4 * Fairhope. ** 1= ExceLLent; 5= Very Poor. *** Standard Mid to Late Season Hybrids. -26- Report of Preliminary Tests Table 18. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1992 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Per Acre Bu. Lodged Stalks Pct. 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 Husk* Cover Rating 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 Midsilk Mo.-Da. 6-3 6-2 6-2 6-4 6-1 5-30 6-4 6-1 6-3 6-3 6-1 5-31 5-31 5-30 6-2 6-1 6-1 5-31 Harvest Test Weight Moisture Pct. Lb./Bu. 53.4 54.9 55.1 54.0 54.1 55.1 53.7 56.2 54.8 54.1 55.1 56.4 53.9 56.5 53.7 54.6 54.6 55.5 23.9 23.8 23.4 24.4 24.0 22.6 24.6 22.0 24.9 24.1 23.0 21.9 24.2 23.0 23.2 22.0 22.4 22.5 Asgrow RX 947......... 149 Northrup King N8811... 146 Deltapine 4742........ 145 Pioneer X7702RP....... 144 Terra TR 700E........ 139 Dyna-Gro 5510......... 138 Asgrow RX 986......... 137 Asgrow RX 899.........136 135 Pioneer 3165 **....... 135 Dekalb DK 689 **...... Hy Performer HS9977... 134 Dekalb Exp 064........ 133 Terra TR 621E......... 133 Deltapine 8620........130 Deltapine 8695........ 126 NC+ 6959.............119 Hy Performer HS9843... 118 NC+ 6485.............. 114 Test Average..........133.8 L.S.D. (.05)...........24.1 C.V. (%).............12.7 * 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. ** Standard Hybrids for Comparison. -27- VIRUS DISEASE REACTIONS OF SOME HYBRIDS IN 1992 The most prevalent virus diseases of corn in Alabama are maize chlorotic dwarf (MCD), caused by the maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV), and maize dwarf mosaic (MDM), caused by the maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV). Discovery of MDM in the State dates back to the early 1960's, Both diseases probably occur while MCD has been recognized since 1973. throughout Alabama; however, they generally have been more prevalent and damaging in the northern two-thirds of the State. Symptoms of the two diseases are similar in appearance and sometimes difficult to distinguish. Generally, affected plants are Leaves of MDM diseased chlorotic or discolored and may be stunted. plants show an irregular, light and dark green mosaic or mottle; the initial symptom of MCD is a fine, chlorotic streaking over the smallest veins. The causal viruses are spread by feeding activities of insects. MCDV is transmitted by certain leafhoppers, and MDMV is carried by some aphids. Both viruses have similar host ranges among a variety for wild Johnsongrass is an important over-season or and cultivated grasses. reservoir host for the viruses, and MCD and MDM incidence and damage are high in corn fields that are heavily infested with johnsongrass. Use of resistant or tolerant corn hybrids and the control or avoidance of johnsongrass-infested areas are the most practical controls for MCD and MDM. Commercial and experimental hybrids are evaluated yearly to identify resistant hybrids or promising sources of resistance -28- to the diseases. Results of evaluations of some commercial hybrids during 1992 are summarized in this report. Procedure Virus disease ratings were made on entries in the corn hybrid tests at the Prattville Experiment Field, Prattville, the Black Belt Substation, Marion Junction, the Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville, the Tennessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina, and the Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield. Plants showing symptoms of MCD and/or MDM were counted, and data are reported as percent incidence of the diseases for each hybrid. Results Levels of MCD and MDM were insufficient for any meaningful ratings at the Tennessee Valley Substation, and they were extremely low in the tests at the other locations, tables 19 and 20. Incidence for MCD across all the tests ranged from 0 to 4.8%, and averaged 0.94%; levels of MDM ranged from 0 to 2.8%, and averaged 0.29%. all locations showed no symptoms of either disease. Although virus disease incidence was generally low, hybrids showing relatively greater resistance or tolerance were apparent at all location. Presumably, hybrids would retain their relative ranking under When selecting a Several hybrids at conditions of higher incidence of the diseases. hybrid, virus disease reactions should be taken into account for areas where the diseases are known or suspected to occur, along with yield and other characteristics given elsewhere in this report. -29- Table 19. Incidence of Maize Chlorothic Dwarf Virus Disease in Regular Corn Hybrid Tests, 1992 Crossville Pct. Marion Juntion Pct. 1.31 0.00 0.38 0.72 2.11 0.36 2.35 0.35 1.16 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.0.. 0.00 0.00 3.88 0.42 -30Prattville Pct. Winfield Pct. Brand Name-Hybrid AgraTech 757............ AgraTech 825............ 0.92 AgraTech 888............ 0.44 Cargill 7997............ 1.36 Cargill 8527............ 00 Cargill 9027............ Dekalb DK 689......... 0.00 Dekalb DK 715..........1.87 Dekalb DK 743.......... 0.93 Deltapine 4581.........0.00 Deltapine 4682.......... Deltapine DP 5750....... Deltapine G-4666........ 2.27 1.04 Dyna-Gro 5509........... Dyna-Gro 8116.......... 1.33 Dyna-Gro 8290..........0.00 Hy Performer HS-9773.... 1.76 Hy Performer HS-9911.... 0.44 0.45 ICI Garst 8105.......... ICI SB 1802............ 2.86 Jacques 8210.......Jacques 8410............ Jacques 8510............ 0.00 Jacques 9220............ McCurdy 7477........... 0.48 McCurdy 7777............ 0.00 McCurdy 8181. NC+ 7304............ 0.45 NC+ 7507............. 1.27 Northrup King N8727..... 4.66 0.92 Northrup King PX9540.... Northrup King S8505..... 0.40 Northrup King S8645..... 0.46 0.95 Pioneer 3085........... Pioneer 3136 Pioneer 3140........... 0.00 ......... 0.00 Pioneer 3146 Pioneer 3154........... 0.00 ......... 1.39 Pioneer 3165 Pioneer 3215......... ..... Pioneer 3320 Terra TR 1167..........0.00 ..... 0.89 Terra TR 1180 Zimmerman Z 27....... 0.91 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.50 2.00 0.00 0.00 1.72 1.98 0.00 0.46 0.69 4.79 2.39 0.46 0.00 1.46 1.01 0.91 2.43 1.90 0.00 2.30 0.00 2.33 1.40 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.35 1.43 0.48 0.79 0.00 2.02 0.37 0.38 0.00 0.00 ............. 047 3.10 0.46 0.00 0.49 0.00 2.83 4.27 1.80 1.36 0.37 1.34 0.00 0.85 - Table 20. Incidence of Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus Disease in Regular Corn Hybrid Tests, 1992 Crossville Pct. Marion Juction Pct. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.00 - Brand Name-Hybrid Prattville Pct. 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.06 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - Winfield Pct. 0.87 .51 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.82 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.16 0.00 0.45 0.38 AgraTech 757............ AgraTech 825............ 0.45 AgraTech 888............ 0.44 Cargill 7997........... 0.47 Cargill 8527............. 9027............ 0.44 Cargill 0.45 Dekalb DK 689.......... Dekalb DK 715..........1.38 Dekalb DK 743.......... 0.00 Deltapine 4581..........0.00 Deltapine 4682.......... Deltapine DP 5750...... Deltapine G-4666........ 1.39 Dyna-Gro 5509........... 0.69 Dyna-Gro 8116........... 0.43 Dyna-Gro 8290........... 0.91 Hy Performer HS-9773.... 0.43 Hy Performer HS-9911.... 0.44 ICI Garst 8105......... 0.00 ICI SB 1802............ 2.83 Jacques 8210............ Jacques 8410........... Jacques 8510............ 0.00 Jacques 9220........... McCurdy 7477...........0.00 McCurdy 7777............ 1.36 McCurdy 8181............NC+ 7304.............. 0.91 NC+ 7507..............0.42 Northrup King N8727..... 1.36 Northrup King PX9540... 0.47 Northrup King S8505..... 0.40 Northrup King S8645..... 0.82 Pioneer 3085............0.96 Pioneer 3136. ..... Pioneer 3140...........0.00 Pioneer 3146...........0.00 Pioneer 3154...........0.00 Pioneer 3165...........0.00 Pioneer 3215............Pioneer 3320 Terra TR 1167..........0.00 Terra TR 1180..........0.00 Zimmerman Z 27.........0.00 -31- - Growing Table 21 * Tabl 21. Season Rainfall, 1990-92 Montlv rainfall (inches) Apr. May June July Aug. 1.8 9.0 4.5 2.2, 6.2 3.4 2.3 9.5 5.0 2.1 4.9 4.1 9.0 1.8 3.9 5.7 5.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 7.3 4.1 4.2 2.0 3.4 6.4 1.7 4.1 5.4 1.6 3.8 3,3 1.6 6.4 2.8 1.5 8.5 5.7 0.7 4.3 8.6 1.5 4.6 5.9 6.2 3.8 3.1 2.7 6.3 2.1 3.8 5.5 2.9 2.0 8.4 1.9 3.1 5.1 9.0 2.8 7.4 2.7 2.0 6.1 3.8 6.1 5.5 4.3 3.5 5.9 5.6 1.5 5.8 6.9 5.3 5.0 7.0 3.5 5.0 8.6 5.8 7.4 5.8 3.2 4.3 2.0 1.2 4.5 3.1 2.0 5.2 2.9 2.1 2.8 4.3 1.3 5.1 3.8 2.4 3.0 2.9 1.6 2.7 3.9 0.8 4.7 1.9 2.9 11.6 6.8 2.3 7.7 3.6 3.6 6.2 6.7 0.9 4.9 5.6 0.8 7-month total 33.7 36.1 27.9 28.5 31.4 26.3 26.9 47.0 25.5 22.4 34.9 25.0 26.9 31.7 26.6 24.5 37.0 25.8 24.2 32.4 26.0 28.1 38.0 25.6 38.1 46.5 29.8 32.9 45.2 35.6 25.2 52.1 32.3 27.1 Test location Belle Mina Year 1992 1991 1990 1992 1991 1990 1992 1991 1990 Mar. 4.8 8.0 8.0 4.2 5.6 7.4 3.9 4.8 6.9 Sept. 5.2 3.7 1.5 4.3 3.2 3.9 2.3 3.1 2.7 2.7 2.5 1.3 2.9 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.6 0.3 4.2 2.9 0.7 4.0 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.0 1.8 6.4 2.4 1.5 1.4 3.1 1.6 0.4 2.7 0.8 Crossville Wi nfi el d 1.1 1.5 14.8 15.0 3.2 7.2 2.8 3.1 2.8 11 Tallassee 1992 4.2 1991 7.5 1990 11.7 1992 3.6 1991 8.8 1990 10.9 1992 3.3 1991 5.5 1990 10.1 1992 1991 1990 1992 1991 1990 1992 1991 1990 3.1 3.8 9.9 2.9 6.9 8.2 4.2 7.2 9.0 0.7 4.3 4.1 1.7 4.8 4.6 1.7 11.7 4.8 1.7 8.1 5.0 1.4 11.2 6.4 2.2 12.4 6.3 2.2 11.9 8.8 2.4 13.8 4.9 2.5 8.8 3.5 -32- Shorter 2.8 3.4 2.9 3.9 5.1 1.6 3.2 6.1 4.5 2.8 6.8 3.0 3.2 5.5 4.5 3.4 5.0 3.8 2.7 9.1 2.5 0.6 3.3 2.1 Prattville Marion Junction Camden Monroevil11e Brewton 1992 3.9 1991 5.7 1990 12.9 1992 2.9 1991 4.9 1990 10.4 1992Q 7.5 9.4 4.3 Fairhope Headl and Tabl e 22. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 1992 Test location Belle Mina...... Crossville.................... Winfield ............... Tallassee.................... 0 aa 00 0 0a Shorter ...................... Prattville.......... Marion Junction.................. ... 00000aa0a0a0000000000000a00.. Camden.. . . . . . Monroeville......... Brewton........... 00 a0 0a a0 Headl1 and ..................... Fai hope................ ~-kA UCA~ Soil Itype Decatur silt loam Wynnville fine sandy loam Savannah loam Cahaba loamy sand Norfolk sandy loam Lucedale fine sandy loam Vaiden Forkland fine sandy loam Lucedale loam Benndale fine sandy loam Dothan sandy loam Malbis fine sandy loam -33- SOURCES OF 1992 CORN HYBRID TEST SEED Seed Company AgraTech Seed, Inc. 5559 N. 500 W. McCordsville, IN 46055 AgriGene Seed Research R.R. 2, Box 3A Ames, IA 50010 Alabama Farmers Cooperative, Inc. P.O. Box 2227 Decatur, AL 35602 Asgrow Seed Co. 7000 Portage Road Kalamazoo, MI 49001 Cargill Hybrid Seeds Box 5645 Minneapolis, MN 55440 Dekalb Plant Genetics 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 Delta and Pine Land Co P.O. Box 157 Scott, MS 38772 Dixie Ag. Supply P.O. Box 534 Athens, AL 35611 Brand AgraTech Seed Company Hy Performer Seed Co. 6075 Poplar Ave. Memphis, TN 38119 ICI Seeds Rt. 3 Box 93 Bowling Green, MO 63334 Jacques Seed Co. 720 St. Croix St. Prescott, WI 54021 NC + Hybrid Box 4408 Lincoln, NE 68504 Northrup King Co. 705 Woodbridge Dr. Somerville, Tn 38068 Pioneer Hi-Bred Int. 1000 W. Jefferson St. Tipton, IN 46072 Terra International, Inc. 600 Fourth Street Sioux City, IA 51101 Zimmerman Hybrids, Inc. 5147 W. Franklin Rd. Evansville, IN 47712 Brand Hy Performer McCurdy Garst Sunbelt Jacques FFR Asgrow NC+ Cargill Northrup King Pioneer Dekalb Del tapi ne Terra Dyna-Gro Zimmerman -34- ACCEPTABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1993 It is All of the acceptable hybrids are not equal in performance. suggested that this report be carefully studied before choosing a hybrid. For relative maturity information, use the days to midsilk data in preceding tables. Unless otherwise noted, all acceptable hybrids have been tested at least 3 years in the tests and are listed in descending order of 3-year average yield. NORTHERN ALABAMA Yellow hybrids Hybrid Brand name NC + Pioneer Cargill Pioneer Northrup King Terra AgraTech Northrup King Northrup King Dekalb *Deltapine *Zimmerman **Dekalb 7507 3165 9027 3140 S8505 TR 1180 888 S8645 N8727 DK689 G-4666 Z 27 DK715 White hybrids Hybrid Brand name Zimmerman Deltapine Zimmerman Zimmerman Hy Performer Pioneer Z 63 G-4644 Z 16 Z 54 HS175 3144 Early hybrids' Hybrid Brand name Z 27 Z 38 DP 5750 825 G-4666 4581 Zimmerman W Zimmerman W Deltapine W AgraTech W Deltapine W W **Deltapine *If present trends continue, this hybrid will be removed from the acceptable list next year in the category indicated. **Recommended based on exceptional 2-year average. 'Early hybrids listed in order of maturity. -35- ACCEPTABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1993 (continued) CENTRAL ALABAMA Yellow hybrids Brand name Hybrid Jacques McCurdy Pioneer Deltapine Jacques Dekalb *Sunbe Lt *Dettapine *Pioneer 9220 7777 3165 DP 5750 8210 DK 689 1802 G-4666 3320 White hybrid Hybrid Brand name Zimmerman Zimmerman Zimmerman *Hy Performer Z 63 Z 54 Z 17 HS175 W W W W Early hybrids Brand name Pioneer Dettapine DeLtapine Zimmerman Sunbe t AgraTech 3245 DP 5750 G-4666 Z 27 1802 825 Black BeLt Hybrid Pioneer Dekatb McCurdy Jacques Jacques *Sunbelt **Pioneer 3165 DK 689 7777 9220 8510 1860 3085 *If present trends continue, this hybrid wiLL be removed from the acceptable List next year in the category indicated. **Recommended based on exceptional 2-year average. 1 Early hybrids listed in order of maturity. -36- ACCEPTABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1993 (continued) SOUTHERN ALABAMA Yellow hybrids Hybrid Brand name Terra Jacques Northrup King AgraTech DeKalb McCurdy McCurdy *Sunbelt *Sunbelt *NC + **Deltapine TR 1180 9220 S 8645 888 DK 689 7777 8181 7400 1860 7507 G-4666 White hybrids Hybrid Brand name Zimmerman Zimmerman Zimmerman Deltapine *Pioneer Z 63 W Z 16 W Z 17 W G-4644W 3144 W Early hybrids1 Hybrid Brand name Deltapine Deltapine Pioneer Zimmerman *Zimmerman DP 5750 G-4666 3245 Z 38 4581 *If present trends continue, this hybrid will be removed from the acceptable list next year in the category indicated. **Recommended based on exceptional 2-year average. 'Early hybrids listed in order of maturity. -37-