BULLETIN 329 SEPTEMBER 1960

PLANTING DATES
for

OATS
for forage and grain
AGRICULFURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Auburn, Alabama

~-'E.

AUBURN
V. SMITH, Director

UNIVERS ITY

CONTENTS
Page
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

4
-5

R E SU L T S . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Oats For Forage ........

.

6

Oats For Grain After Clipping Oats For Forage And Grain
Oats For Grain Only SUMMARY
-

7 8 9
10

-

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

-

11

FIRST

PRINTING 4M SEPTEMBER

1960

PLANTING DATES for OATS

for forage and grain
F. S. McCAIN, Plant Breeder COOPER KING, JR., Assistant Agronomist

HAVE been grown in Alabama for many years. Only in recent years has this crop become one of importance. Before the livestock industry grew to its present size in Alabama, there was little interest in oat production. Limited markets for the grain, poor varieties, and a general lack of know-

OATS

ledge of how to produce oats were some major causes for lack of
interest. Immediately after World War II cattle numbers in Alabama began to increase and with this came an increase in oat production, Table 1.

From 1950 until 1956 oat acreages doubled and leveled off at about one-half million acres. A sharp decrease in acreage occurred in 1958. In 1959 total acreage again approached the one-half million mark.
Approximately one-fourth the total oat acreage is harvested for grain and most of this is harvested after cattle are grazed on
TABLE 1. OATS-ACREAGE, YIELD, PRODUCTION, 1950-591

Year

Total planted planted Acres 277,000 219,000 272,000 373,000 545,000 649,000 519,000 503,000 402,000 481,000

Total harvested for grain Acres 72,000 42,000 85,000 188,000 185,000 170,000 165,000 170,000 96,000 112,000

Average yield per acre Bu. 26.0 27.0 28.5 32.0 29.5 26.0 34.0 25.0 31.0 80.0

Total production Bu. 1,872,000 1,184,000 2,422,000 4,416,000 5,458,000 4,420,000 5,610,000 3,000,000 2,976.000 83.860.000

1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959

1 These data were taken from reports compiled by the Alabama Cooperative Crop Reporting Service.

4

ALABAMA

AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

the crop. The remaining three-fourths is either grazed completely or harvested for hay or silage. Oats produced at the Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station and at six of its Substations averaged 55 to 60 bushels of oats per acre for many years. This is in contrast to the highest average production in the State of 34 bushels per acre in 1956. The Station's Department of Agricultural Economics has determined that the cost of growing oats in the Tennessee Valley using average cultural practices is approximately $33 per acre. This does not include land cost. It is estimated that 20 to 25 million bushels of oats are required to meet current annual needs in Alabama. This is 4 to 5 times the production of 1956. Based on 1959 figures the amount of oat grain needed is 7 to 8 times the amount produced. Oats furnish two, sources of feed for livestock, grazing and grain. The value of forage often exceeds the value of grain. To use the full potential of oats, a farmer must produce high yields. First, a good soil for oat production is needed. Most well-drained soils are suitable. Satisfactory grain yields may be obtained when oats are planted on a prepared seedbed or in corn, cotton, and grain sorghum middles or in sods. For fall grazing, oats need to be planted on a well-prepared seedbed. Lime, phosphorus, and potash needs are determined by soil tests, and applications made before or at the time of planting. Results of experiments show that satisfactory yields of oat forage may be obtained from an application of 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre as a topdressing in the fall after the crop is up to a stand. If a grain crop is to be harvested, it is advisable to discontinue grazing about February 15 to March 1 and apply an additional 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre. It is recommended that oats grown only for grain be given a spring application of nitrogen but none in the fall. The Small Grain Variety Report published by this Station serves as a guide for selecting varieties. The purpose of this bulletin is to report results of experiments conducted to determine the best seeding dates for oats, for grain, and for forage and grain. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE The experiments were conducted at the following seven locations: Tennessee Valley Substation, Sand Mountain Substation,

PLANTING DATES FOR OATS

5

Piedmont Substation, Main Station, Black Belt Substation, Lower Coastal Plain Substation, and Gulf Coast Substation. The tests consisted of two varieties of oats (Nortex 107 and Victorgrain 48-93) planted at four different dates in northern and southern Alabama and at five different dates in central Alabama. Planting dates for northern Alabama were August 20, September 10, September 30, and October 20. In central Alabama planting dates were August 20, September 10, September 30, October 20, and November 10. In southern Alabama oats were planted on September 10, September 30, October 20, and November 10. Oats were seeded at the rate of three bushels per acre. Two series of plots were used at each location with one managed for grain production only. At planting these plots received adequate rates of phosphate and potash fertilizers based on previous experiments. Fifty pounds of nitrogen per acre was applied as a topdressing on or about March 1. The other series of plots was managed for the production of forage (grazing) and grain. These plots received the same phosphate and potash applications at planting as those managed for grain only. In addition, these plots received 50 pounds per acre of nitrogen as a topdressing when oats were up to a stand. Forage and grain yields were determined by conventional experimental methods. Clipping was discontinued on or about March 1 and an additional 50 pounds of nitrogen per acre was applied. According to the Station's Department of Animal Husbandry and Nutrition, a pound of dry matter from oats, if consumed as green pasturage by animals, is equivalent in feed value to a pound of oat grain. This factor was used to convert forage yields to grain equivalents. Information was obtained at seven locations over a 6-year period with some exceptions. Because of adverse weather and damage by animals, all tests at all locations did not yield reliable data each year. For these reasons results obtained represent 26 location-years. Data reported include 9 location years from northern, 10 from central, and 7 from southern Alabama. RESULTS The varieties responded similarly to the different planting dates in northern and central Alabama. However, Victorgrain 48-93 was superior to Nortex 107 with respect to yield of forage and grain in these regions. In southern Alabama there was no

6

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

difference between varieties. Since varietal responses were similar, data for both varieties have been combined. Detailed data are given in the Appendix. Average yields of forage, grain from clipped plots, combined yields of forage and grain, and grain from unclipped plots are given in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.
Oats for Forage

Figure 1 shows that maximum forage yields were obtained from September 10 plantings in both northern and central sections. September 30th plantings in southern Alabama gave the highest forage yields. Yields of forage in northern and central Alabama were about the same for comparable dates of planting. Maximum yields were about 1,600 pounds of dry forage per acre. In southern Alabama forage yields from the different dates of planting exceeded those from comparable dates in the other two regions, with maximum yields being approximately 2,300 pounds of dry matter per acre for the September 30 planting date. Total forage production was not determined, since clipping was discontinued by mid-February in southern Alabama and by March 1 in northern and central Alabama.
Yield, pounds per acre

2,400

2,000,

1,600 1,200

800

400

0-

Aug. Sept. Sept. Oct
20 10 30 Northern 20

Aug. Sept Sept. Oct
20 10 30 20 Central

Nov.
10

Sept Sept
10

Oct.

Nov.
10

30 20 Southern

FIG. 1. The graph above shows oat forage yields from different dates of planting, 1952-57. LSD .05 for northern, central, and southern Alabama was 348, 350, and 442 pounds per acre, respectively.

PLANTING DATES FOR OATS

7

Oats for Grain after Clipping

Highest yields of grain from clipped plots were obtained in northern Alabama and lowest yields in southern Alabama, Figure 2, whereas forage yields were the reverse. Under clipped conditions, grain yields increased with each successive date of planting in northern Alabama. This was true, even though forage yields dropped significantly for the September 30 and October 20 planting dates. Practically no forage was obtained from the October 20 plantings. A comparison of the grain yield for the October 20 plantings under clipped conditions, Figure 2, and the yield of grain for the same date under non-clipped conditions, Figure 4, reveals that there is no difference between the two. Clipping reduced the yield of grain from the August 20, September 10, and September 30 plantings by approximately 200 pounds per acre when compared to unclipped plots, Figure 4. However, the 1,100 to 1,600 pounds of forage obtained more than offset this 200 pound loss of grain. In central Alabama clipping did not materially affect grain yields for any date of planting.

Yield, pounds per acre

2,400

1,600 I,200

800

400

0Aug. Sept. Sept. 10 30 20 Northern

Oct. 20

Aug. Sept. Sept Oct 20 20 1030 IO Central

Nov. 10

Sept. Sept. Oct. 10 30 20 Southern

Nov. 10

FIG. 2. Grain yields from clipped oats are shown above from different dates of planting, 1952-57. LSD .05 for northern, central, and southern Alabama was 218, 192, and 160 pounds per acre, respectively.

8

ALABAMA

AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT

STATION

Yields of grain were decreased approximately 200 pounds per acre for all planting dates in southern Alabama as a result of clipping. Because grain yields are almost always low in southern Alabama, this loss from clipping amounts to approximately 20 per cent. However, this loss is not excessive since forage yields were high enough to more than offset the lower yield of grain. It is doubtful if farmers in southern Alabama should grow oats only for grain in view of the low yields usually obtained.
Oats for Forage and Grain

By combining forage and grain yields by the method described, there is little difference in maximum yields on a feed value basis for the three regions of the State, Figure 3. Maximum yields for northern and central Alabama were obtained from the SeptemYield, pounds per acre 3,200 2 800

2 400 2 000

1,600 1200

800 4000-

Aug. Sept. Sept. 20 1030
Northern
2:Forage

Oct. 20

Aug. Sept. Sept Oct. 30 20 20 10 Central

Nov 10

Sept Sept Oct 10 30 20 Southern

Nov 10

and grain

Grin only

FIG. 3. The above graph shows combined yields of forage and grain from different dates of planting, 1952-57. LSD .05 for northern, central, and southern Alabama was 292, 275, and 371 pounds per acre, respectively.

PLANTING DATES FOR OATS

9

ber 10 planting date, whereas the September 30 planting date in southern Alabama gave the highest yield. The similarity of yield curves for the three regions is striking if the 20-day delay in planting interval between southern Alabama and the other two regions is taken into consideration. The best planting dates for combined forage and grain production were September 10 in northern and central Alabama and September 30 in southern Alabama, Figure 3.
Oats for Grain Only

Grain yields on unclipped plots were approximately 2,000, 1,500, and 900 pounds per acre in northern, central and southern Alabama, respectively, Figure 4. It apparently makes little difference when oats are planted if harvested for grain only. There were minor yield advantages for September 30 and October 20 planting dates for all regions. In general, these dates are 20 to 30 days later than those recommended for planting for forage and grain in northern and central Alabama. However, they coincide rather closely with the recommended date for forage and grain production in southern Alabama.

Yield, pounds per acre

2,400

2,000-

1,600

.

1,200
800400 -

Aug. 20

Sept Sept. Oct. 10 30 20 Northern

Aug. 20

Sept Sept. Oct. 20 10 30 Centrol

Nov. 10

Sept. Sept Oct. 30 20 10 Southern

Nov. 10

FIG. 4. Yields from oats managed for grain only in northern, central, and southern Alabama from different dates of planting 1952-57, are given in the graph.

10

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

SUMMARY Experiments were conducted from 1952 through 1957 to determine the best dates of planting oats for grain only and for forage and grain combined. There were seven test locations with two, three, and two locations representing northern, central and southern Alabama, respectively. Four dates of planting were used in northern and southern Alabama and five dates in central Alabama. One series of plots at each location was managed to determine grain yields only and another series was managed to determine grain and forage yields. Total yields were calculated by considering that a pound of dry forage, if consumed as green pasturage, is equivalent to a pound of grain. Forage yields for comparable dates of planting were highest in southern Alabama. There was relatively little difference between forage yields for comparable dates in central and northern Alabama. Northern Alabama produced the highest grain yields followed in order by the central and southern regions. This was true for all planting dates. Yields of grain were decreased somewhat by clipping but the forage obtained more than compensated for this loss. When forage and grain yields were combined, there was relatively little difference in maximum per acre production of feed in the regions. There was, however, a difference in the best date to plant for maximum yields. The recommended planting dates for forage and grain production in the three regions are: northern Alabama, September 1 to September 20; central Alabama, September 1 to September 30; and southern Alabama, September 20 to October 20. Planting dates did not materially affect yield of oats grown for grain only in any of the regions. The maximum difference (8 bushels per acre) occurred between the September 10 and October 20 planting dates in central Alabama. This indicates that most any of the planting dates in any of the regions would be satisfactory for grain production only.

PLANTING DATES FOR OATS

11

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The experiments reported herein were conducted by many workers of this Station. Credit is due E. F. Schultz', Foy Campbell', F. L. Selman', L. J. Chapman, and D. G. Sturkie of the Main Station, Auburn, Alabama. Personnel who cooperated at Substations were J. K. Boseck, W. W. Cotney, E. L. Mayton, 2 L. A. Smith, V. L. Brown, and Otto Brown .
Resigned 2 Retired

APPENDIX TABLE 1.

FORAGE YIELDS FROM NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, AUGUST 20 TO 1952-1957 OCTOBER 20 IN NORTHERN ALABAMA,

Average yield dry matter per acre Variety Date of seedingg 1952 Lb. 1,022 1,603 343 0 654 2,280 682 166 1953 Lb. 1,664 1,631 937 110 3,431 2,461 1,354 360 Belle Mina 1954 Lb. 1,614 2,804 1,461 0 2,453 2,088 1,623 0 1955 Lb. 0 130 178 0 39 295 273 39 1957 Lb. 2,702 2,761 1,821 0 2,223 2,845 1,991 0 1952 Lb. 1,724 1,603 1,364 617 2,504 2,323 2,190 969 Winfield 1955 1953 Lb. 769 718 616 110 994 1,402 926 301 Lb. 55 174 368 83 77 428 532 215 1957 Lb. 1,874 1,549 1,633 785 1,772 1,693 1,487 1,158 Regional average Lb. 1,269 1,441 969 189 1,572 1,757 1,229 356

Nortex 107

Victorgrain 48-93

Aug. Sept. Sept. Oct. Aug. Sept. Sept. Oct.

20 10 30 20 20 10 30 20

w

APPENDIX TABLE 2.

FORAGE YIELDS FROM NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, AUGUST 20 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1952-1957

Average yield dry matter per acre Variety Variety Date of seeding Camp Hill Auburn MarionRegional Junction

0

1952 Lb. 20 10 30 20 10 20 Victorgrain48-93 Sept. 10 Sept. 30 Oct. 20 Nov. 10 'Yields not obtained. Nortex 107 Aug. Sept. Sept. Oct. Nov. Aug. 1 885 370 299 66
1

1953 Lb. 2,455 3,139 2,488 519 112 2,437 3,176 3,177 775 202

1954 Lb. 1,644 2,523 1,379 329 269 1,711 2,314 1,774 575 438

1955 Lb. 108 113 34 210 82 324 174 175 244 256

1952 Lb. 1 1,9638 955 633 214
1

1953 Lb. 3,034 2,239 1,165 666 122 3,070 3,664 1,742 436 388

1954 Lb. 702 257 926 181 70 732 418 1,288 418 223

1955 Lb. 1,272 944 1,038 565 302 792 756 1,474 1,010 636

1957 Lb. 2,237 1,927 2,246 563 175 948 2,033 2,006 596 224

1954 Lb. 1,020 863 894 1,051 454 1,176 1,308 1,311 1,254 614

average Lb. 1,525 1,485 1,150 502 187 1,363 1,660 1,452 721 373

m

z

928 538 507 221

1,825 1,031 1,398 578

-I -0 -o

z

z

0
APPENDIX TABLE 3. FORAGE YIELDS FROM NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, SEPTEMBER 10 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 1953-1957 Average yield dry matter per acre Variety Date of seeding Camden Fairhope

0 0

1953 Lb. 1,519 2,150 1,178 710
2,537

1954 Lb. 1,491 1,516 2,014 110
596

1955 Lb. 199 762 1,688 321
1,001

1957 Lb. 1,983 2,175 1,768 1,107
1,173

1954 Lb. 3,253 2,643 2,457 2,238
3,268

1955 Lb. 4,311 3,822 3,839 1,995
4,299

1957 Lb. 2,144 1,662 1,396 1,913
1,288

average

Nortex 107

Victorgrain 48-93

Sept. 10 Sept. 30 Oct. 20 Nov. 10
Sept. 10 Sept. 30

Lb. 2,129 2,104 2,049 1,199
2,023

Oct. Nov.

20 10

2,578 1,104 1,170

1,550 2,576 248

1,895 1,975 810

2,147 1,695 1,140

2,642 2,846 2,303

5,478 3,612 2,911

1,433 1,000 1,276

2,532 2,115 1,408

w

APPENDIX

TABLE 4.

TOTAL PRODUCTION FROM
DIFFERENT DATES,

CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX
IN

107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT
1952-1957

AUGUST 20 TO OCTOBER 20

NORTHERN ALABAMA,

Variety

Date of seeding

Average yield per acre

Treatment 1952 Lb. 3,393 2,326 4,182 2,211 1,905 1,478 1,446 1,021 3,025 2,768 5,211 3,270 3,846 2,675 2,748 870

Belle Mina 1954 1953 Lb. 4,058 2,752 3,740 2,330 3,023 2,637 2,107 2,710 6,055 2,445 4,397 2,227 3,808 3,238 3,509 2,490 Lb. 2,840 899 4,289 1,267 2,891 1,296 1,539 1,480 3,272 1,078 3,394 682 2,346 1,485 2,112 2,083

1955 Lb. 1,062 1,632 1,125 1,062 1,109 1,037 1,632 1,594 1,469 1,146 1,085 723 1,105 682 1,386 1,405

1957 Lb. 3,710 1,728 3,849 2,070 2,992 1,824 1,552 1,715 3,817 2,163 4,355 2,272 3,732 2,473 2,176 2,150

1952 Lb. 3,654 2,448 3,283 1,690 4,129 2,931 3,372 2,771 4,226 3,133 3,910 2,179 5,438 3,757 4,329 2,989

Winfield 1955 1953 Lb. 2,414 1,296 2,228 2,054 2,062 1,386 2,411 1,926 3,253 2,387 4,052 1,994 3,400 2,400 2,426 2,221 Lb. 1,700 1,693 2,001 1,875 2,422 1,850 1,846 1,766 1,248 1,066 2,412 1,606 2,311 1,645 2,039 1,862

1957 Lb. 3,048 2,189 2,794 2,010 2,807 1,379 2,731 2,349 2,860 2,045 2,672 2,154 2,831 2,250 3,398 2,806

Regional average
r-

Nortex 107

Aug. 20 Clipped Unclipped Sept. 10 Clipped Unclipped Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped 20 Clipped Unclipped Sept. 10 Clipped Unclipped Sept. O30 Clipped Unclipped Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped

Lb. 2,875 1,885 3,055 1,841 2,593 1,758 2,071 1,920 3,247 2,026 3,499 1,901 3,202 2,289 2,680 2,097

w

vo

C c
r

Victorgrain 48-93 Aug.

m C
r* 7v

x
m m

z --I -

o z

r-

z
APPENDIX TABLE 5. TOTAL PRODUCTION FROM CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN DIFFERENT DATES, AUGUST 20 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1952-1957

48-93

OATS SEEDED AT

z
m 0

-a

Average yield per acre Variety o Date of Treatment seeding 1952 Lb. Camp Hill 1953 1954 Lb. 4,063 1,549 4,533 1,030 4,041 1,779 2,470 2,336 2,675 2,925 4,713 2,490 4,576 1,984 3,976 2,432 2,946 3,037 2,505 3,059 1955 Lb. 1,087 1,472 971 1,184 837 982 1,519 995 898 1,117 1,428 1,288 1,224 1,037 882 1,254 1,226 1,117 1,168 1,021 1952 Lb. 1953 Auburn 1954 Lb. 1,608 627 1,307 662 2,280 1,014 1,611 1,376 1,433 851 1,033 378 1,167 650 2,619 1,037 1,756 1,242 1,260 1,008 1955 Lb. 1,794 280 1,453 474 1,678 413 1,039 400 884 314 1,323 522 1,700 362 1,740 256 1,410 400 1,241 544 1957 Lb. 2,445 1,789 2,253 480 2,736 595 1,059 522 841 448 1,076 208 2,292 1,197 2,236 1,114 1,028 771 915 554 Marion RieJune- gional ton age 1954 averLb. 2,358 1,619 2,527 2,365 2,897 2,512 2,181 1,277 2,150 2,287 2,709 2,547 2,726 2,595 3,052 2,128 2,172 1,533 2,150 1,923 Lb. 2,715 1,357 2,765 1,216 2,653 1,392 2,000 1,354 1,670 1,3385 2,916 1,573 3,124 1,433 2,946 1,714 2,179 1,807 1,817 1,479

-I
m

0 -I

Nortex 107

Victorgrain 48-93

Lb. Aug. 20 Clipped 1 3,777 Unclipped 1 1,549 Sept. 10 Clipped 2,834 4,272 Unclipped 1,510 1,376 3,202 3,564 Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped 1,859 1,222 2,654 2,564 Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped 1,648 1,798 2,092 2,499 Nov. 10 Clipped Unclipped 1,350 1,286 1 5,170 Aug. 20 Clipped 1 2,518 Unclipped 2,320 5,954 Sept. 10 Clipped Unclipped 1,184 1,795 3,152 5,449 Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped 1,942 1,782 2,805 2,391 Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped 1,830 2,026 1,872 2,480 Nov. 10 Clipped Unclipped 1,686 1,498

Lb. 1 3,908 ' 1,130 4,398 3,100 1,651 1,430 2,597 2,698 2,035 1,510 2,799 2,100 1,709 1,482 1,900 1,325 1,651 1,171 i 5,105 1 1,869 3,537 5,728 1,626 1,904 2,653 3,704 2,333 2,861 2,819 8,236 3,219 2,890 2,354 2,220 2,102 1,395

Yields not obtained.
NMI

APPENDIX TABLE 6.

TOTAL PRODUCTION FROM CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX 107 AND VICTOEGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, SEPTEMBER 10 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 1953-1957 Average yield per acre

Variety

Date of
seeding

Treatment

Camden

Fairhope
Rgoa

1953

1954

1955

1957 Lb. 2,185 362 2,857 115
2,478

1954 Lb. 3,349 518 2,713 163
2,716

1955 Lb. 4,884 723 5,265 1,142
4,969

157 Lb. 2,307 230 1,771 141
1,527

average

U'I-

Nortex 107

Sept. 10 Sept. 30
Oct. 20

Clipped
Unclipped

Lb. 3,087
1,293

Lb. 2,704
2,083

Lb. 1,466
1,142

Clipped Unclipped
Clipped

3,648 1,920
2,157

2,754 1,798
3,784

1,620 1,050
2,955

Lb. 2,855 907 2,947 904
2,941

w
II2r

Nov.
Victorgrain 48-93

10

Uncipped Clipped
Unclipped

1,075 1,280
973

2,259 1,416
2,016

1,226 1,601
995

435 2,166
406

736 2,443
339

762 3,262
506

186 2,086
163

954 2,036
771

2r

C C

Sept. 10 Sept. 30

Clipped
Unclipped

Clipped
Uncdipped

4,003 2,080 4,120
1,862

1,646 1,184 2,964
2,083

2,281 982° 2,836
886

1,173 202 2,320
550

3,326 1,075 2,725
896

4,449 163 5,696
736

1,288 0 1,433
0

2,595 812 3,156
1,002

Oct.

20

Nov. 10

Clipped Unclipped Clipped Unclipped

2,346 1,530 2,248 1,510

4,086 1,798 1,992 1,837

2,970 1,075 1,847 790

2,073 230 1,575 550

2,942 637 2,361 544

4,034 915 3,266 995

1,000 0. 1,276 0

2,779 884 2,081 889

x z

m

m m HI

M-

z z
APPENDIX TABLE 7. GRAIN YIELDS FROM CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, AUGUST 20 TO OCTOBER 20 IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1952-1957 Average yield per acre
. -o r

G)
-I m 0 0

Variety Variety

Date of Trm seeding ramn

Belle Mina
1957 1955 1954 I\II1952 /1 1958 1 1~~ ~ /1 IIU IU ~I~-~.~1Y -II~I 111 \~1 r\ 1952

Winfield
1953 1955 :1957

Regional
average

~IC~ T

Nortex 107

Aug. 20 Clipped Uncipped
Sept. 10 Clipped

Bu. 74.1
72.7

Bu. 74.8
86.0

Bu. 38.3

Unclipped
Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped

80.6 69.1 48.8 46.2
45.2 31.9

65.9 72.8 65.2 82.4
62.4 84.7

28.1

Bu. 33.2
51.0

46.4 39.6 44.7

40.5
48.1 44.7 25.6 33.7 40.8

31.1 33.2 29.1
32.4

Victorgrain 48-93 Aug.

20 Clipped
Uncdipped

74.1
86.5

82.0
76.4

Sept. 10 Clipped Undlipped Sept. 30 Clipped
Undlipped

91.6
102.2

60.5
69.6

98.9
83.6

76.7
101.2

Oct.

20 Clipped Unclipped

80.7 27.2

98.4 77.8

21.3 22.6 46.4
66.0 65.1

51.0 49.8 44.7 35.8 24.7
22.6

26.0
21.3

42.1 43.9

Bu. 31.5 54.0 34.0 64.7 36.6 57.0 48.5 53.6 49.8 67.6 47.2 71.0 54.4 77.3 68.0 67.2

Bu. 60.3 76.5 52.5 52.8 86.4 91.6 86.1 86.6 53.8 97.9 49.6 68.1 101.5 117.4 105.0 93.4

Bu. 51.4 40.5 47.2 64.2 45.2 43.3. 71.9 60.2 70.6 74.6 82.8 62.3 77.3 75.0 66.4 69.4

By. 51.4 52.9 57.1 58.6 64.2 57.8 55.1 55.2 36.6 33.3 62.0 50.2 55.6 51.4 57.0 58.2

Bu. 36.7 68.4 38.9 62.8 36.7 43.1 60.8 73.4 34.0 63.9 30.6 67.3 42.0 70.3 70.0 87.7

Bu. 50.2 58.9 50.4 57.5 50.8 54.9 58.8 60.0 52.4 63.3 54.4 59.4 61.7 71.5 72.6 65.5

Mr

APPENDIX TABLE 8.

GRAIN YIELDS FROM CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX 107 AND VICTORGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, AUGUST 20 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1952-1957

Average yield per acre
Variety Date of Treatment seeding

1952 Bu. 1 20 Clipped 1 Unclipped 60.9 Sept. 10 Clipped Unclipped 47.2 88.5 Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped 58.1 73.6 Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped 51.5 63.3 Nov. 10 Clipped Unclipped 42.2 Aug. 20 Clipped Unclipped Sept. 10 Clipped Unclipped Sept. 30 Clipped Unclipped Oct. 20 Clipped Unclipped Nov. 10 Clipped Unclipped Aug. 1
1

Camp Hill 1953 1954 Bu. 41.3 48.4 35.4 43.0 33.6 38.2 63.9 56.2 74.6 40.2 85.4 78.7 86.8 56.1 71.0 55.7 50.5 63.3 71.2 46.8 Bu. 75.6 48.4 62.8 32.2 83.2 55.6 66.9 73.0 75.2 91.4 93.8 77.8 70.7 62.0 68.8 76.0 74.1 94.9 64.6 95.6

1955 Bu. 30.6 46.0 26.8 37.0 25.1 30.7 40.9 31.1 25.5 34.9 34.5 38.7 32.8 32.4 22.1 39.2 80.7 34.9 28.5 31.9

1952 Bu.
1

1953 Bu. 27.3 35.3 26.9 44.7 47.9 47.2 44.8 46.3 37.6 36.6 63.6 58.4 64.5 59.5 61.3 89.4 87.5 90.3 58.8 43.6

Auburn 1954 Bu. 28.3 19.6 32.8 20.7 42.3 31.7 44.7 43.0 42.6 26.6 9.4 11.8 23.4 20.3 41.6 32.4 41.8 38.8 32.4 31.5

1955 Bu. 16.3 7.2 15.9 14.8 20.0 12.9 14.8 12.5 18.2 9.8 16.6 16.3 29.5 11.3 8.3 8.0 12.5 12.5 18.9 17.0

1957 Bu. 6.4 55.9 10.2 15.0 15.3 18.6 15.5 16.3 20.8 14.0 4.0 6.5 8.1 37.4 7.2 34.8 13.5 24.1 21.6 17.3

Marion Junction Regional 1954 average Bu. 41.8 50.6 52.0 73.9 62.6 78.5 35.3 39.9 53.0 69.9 47.9 79.6 44.3 81.1 54.4 66.5 28.7 47.9 48.0 60.1 Bu. 37.2 42.4 40.0 38.0 47.0 43.5 46.8 42.8 46.4 41.7 48.5 49.2 45.7 44.8 46.7 58.6 45.6 56.4 45.1 46.2

Nortex 107

1 76.1 51.6 51.3 63.6 67.7 53.4 52.7 51.6 1
1

r-

w

0 M C
r-

Victorgrain 48-93

c
Im

43.5 37.0 81.7 60.7 71.8 57.2 51.6 52.7

53.5 50.8 50.7 72.9 44.4 100.6 55.5 65.7

x

"o m

m

z
-

1Yields not obtained.

-I
-I

z

n-

z
-I
APPENDIX TABLE

9.

GRAIN YIELDS FROM CLIPPED AND UNCLIPPED NORTEX 107 AND VICTOEGRAIN 48-93 OATS SEEDED AT DIFFERENT DATES, SEPTEMBER 10 TO NOVEMBER 10 IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 1953-1957

0
m

Variety

Camden seeding 1954 1953 YIII~YUI V-~- ~YII-YYIL -V 1_V~VIY~~~Y-UIC ~-VLI1VVI- 1955
Bu. Bu. Bu.

Date of

Treatment

Average yield per acre Fairhope 1955 1954 1957
Bu. Bu. Bu.

1957
Ru.

Regional average
Bu.

0

Nortex 107

Sept. 10 Sept. 30 Oct. Nov. 20 10

Clipped

Victorgrain 48-93

Sept. 10 Sept. 30 Oct. 20

Nov. 10

Unclipped Clipped Uncipped Clipped Uncipped Clipped Unclipped Clipped Unclipped Clipped Unclipped Clipped Unclipped Clipped
Unclipped__ TT I I

49.0 40.4 46.8 60.0 30.6
33.6

17.8 30.4 45.8 65.0 48.2 58.2 38.8 47.8 33.7
47.2I~ Lli~

37.9 65.1 38.7 56.2 55.3 70.6 40.8 63.0 32.8 37.0 44.2 65.1 47.2 56.2 54.5
57.4 ~II II

39.6 35.7 26.8 32.8 39.6 38.3 40.0 31.1 40.0 30.7 29.4 27.7 31.1 33.6 32.4
24.7L.1 L~L)

6.3 11.3 21.3 3.6 22.2 13.6 33.1 12.7 .0 6.3 5.4 17.2 11.8 7.2 13.6
17.2

3.0 16.2 2.2 5.1 8.1 23.0 6.4 10.6 1.8 33.6 2.6 28.0 3.0 19.9 1.8
17.0

17.9 22.6 45.1 35.7 35.3 23.8 39.6 15.8 4.7 5.1 6.8 23.0 13.2 28.6 11.1
31.1

5.1 7.2 3.4 4.4 4.1 5.8 5.4 5.1

22.7 28.4 26.3 28.3 27.9 29.8 26.2 24.1
17.9 25.4 19.5

.0
.0 .0. .0 .0 .0 .0 .0

31.3 20.7 27.6 21.0
27.8