Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 206 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station James E. Marion, Director Auburn University Auburn University, Alabama September 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......... ......... ................. . .......... Procedure .................. .... ..... .................... Data Explanation ..................... ......... ..... .............................. Discussion .................... ................ Acknowledgments ................ Location and Planting and Harvest Dates for 1996-97 Small Grain Tests .... North Alabama Regional Averages of Small Grain Variety Performance ........ Tennessee Valley Substation Small Grain Trial, Belle Mina .................. ....... Sand Mountain Substation Small Grain Trial, Crossville ............. Upper Coastal Plain Substation Small Grain Trial, Winfield ................... Central Alabama Regional Averages of Small Grain Variety Performance ....... Black Belt Substation Small Grain Trial, Marion Junction ................... Prattville Experiment Field Small Grain Trial, Prattville ..................... E.V. Smith Research Center Small Grain Trial, Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee ... South Alabama Regional Averages of Small Grain Variety Performance ........ Lower Coastal Plain Substation Small Grain Trial, Camden .................. Monroeville Experiment Field Small Grain Trial, Monroeville ................... Wiregrass Substation Small Grain Trial, Headland ......................... Gulf Coast Substation Small Grain Trial, Fairhope ......................... Disease Ratings .... . Septoria Blotch, Wheat ................................... ... ............................. Leaf Rust, Wheat ......... Powdery Mildew, Wheat ...................................... Barley Yellow Dwarf, Wheat .................................. ..... Oat ................................................ ..................... Triticale ............................. . ............. Sources of Seed ....................................... o Appendix............. ................................... Page 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 Information containedherein is available to all regardless of race, gender, or nationalorigin. The 1997 Alabama Performance Comparison Of Small Grain Varieties KATHRYN M. GLASS, PAUL L. MASK AND DAVID L BRANSBY INTRODUCTION The large number of commercially available varieties of wheat, oat, rye, barley, and triticale makes it difficult for growers to select varieties most suited for their particular area of the State. Making this decision requires up-todate, unbiased, reliable information on varietal yields and characteristics. This report is published annually to provide Alabama growers with this information. Entries in each experiment are determined by the companies or institutes which control each variety, or line, not by experiment station personnel. Data from tests conducted at 10 locations were used to compile this report and they represent the varied growing conditions farmers have around the State. PROCEDURE The experimental design for the tests was a split plot design with species as the main plot and varieties as subplots. Plots were 5 feet by 20 feet with rows spaced 7 inches apart. A cone drill was used to plant all tests in the State. Each variety was replicated three times in each test. The trials were divided into two management systems: grain only and forage only. Grain only: These tests are normally planted during late October to early November, which is approximately one month later than the forage tests. Planting dates for all tests in 1996 are shown in table 1. All tests were fertilized with P and K according to soil test plus 20 pounds N per acre at planting with a top dressing of 60 pounds N per acre in late February or early March, just prior to jointing. The plots were not sprayed to control disease, so that the varieties could be rated for their inherent disease resistance. The grain was allowed to mature and was harvested with a plot combine. The grain was cleaned and weighed. Moisture and bushel test weight were measured. Forage only: These tests are normally planted in late September to early October. Tests were fertilized at planting with 100 pounds N per acre and clipped with a flail-type mower each time they reached 6 inches in height. A sample was weighed green from each plot, then dried and reweighed. The percent dry matter figure from these weights was used to calculate dry forage matter per acre. The test was topdressed in February with 60 pounds N per acre and clipping was continued until no regrowth occurred. DATA EXPLANATION Grain yields were calculated by weighing air-dried grain and using 60 pounds per bushel for wheat, 32 pounds per bushel for oats, 48 pounds per bushel for barley, and 50 pounds per bushel for triticale. Lodging was measured as the percent of plants in the stand broken or leaning that would likely be missed by a combine. Height was measured from the ground to top of the grain head. The 1/10 headed date is the date when approximately 10 percent of a plot showed fully emerged heads. Disease ratings for all 1996-97 variety trials are summarized by region in tables 15 through 20. Katherine Burch, Research Assistant, Plant Pathology, made disease ratings at all locations. At the time of mid-season ratings, disease incidence and severity were generally higher across the state than in 1996. On wheat, incidence of leaf rust and powdery mildew and the viral disease, barley yellow dwarf, was higher throughout the state. Levels of Septoria leaf blotch remained mostly unchanged from the previous year. On oats, Helminthosporium leaf spot and Septoria blotch occurred at low levels while incidence of barley yellow dwarf was higher throughout the state than in 1996. Crown rust was only detected in the southern region. On triticale, low levels of leaf rust and Septoria blotch were observed on entries at most locations while increased levels of barley yellow dwarf were observed compared to 1996. On barley, disease pressure was very low. Spot blotch and Septoria blotch developed at low levels in most varieties, however, barley yellow dwarf was also present in the barley varieties at the Sand Mountain Substation. Glass is a Research Assistant, Mask is a Associate Professor, and Bransby is a Professor of Auburn University Department of Agronomy and Soils. DISCUSSION Growing conditions and variety performance often vary among locations and years. Regional averages and multiple-year averages are given here to use as a better indicator for performance comparison. In the 1994-95 growing season, a mild winter may have affected vernalization in some varieties. Bird damage was moderate to severe in oats at most central and southern locations. The 1995-96 growing season was much colder than normal which severely reduced yields on some varieties at all locations. Oat varieties were especially affected and several varieties were winter killed. In the 1996-97 growing season, all locations had wet conditions causing delayed harvest at some locations and may have reduced yields in some varieties. Both lodging and bird damage was moderate to severe in oats at most central and southern locations. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation and summarization of data in this report. Appreciation is also expressed to the following cooperators in charge of their respective substations whose support is gratefully acknowledged: Chet Norris and Ellis Burgess, Tennessee Valley Substation; Tony Dawkins and Marvin Ruf, Sand Mountain Substation; Randall Rawls, Upper Coastal Plain Substation; Jimmy Holliman and Jim Harris, Black Belt Substation; Don Moore, Prattville Experiment Field; Jim Bannon and Stevan Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Randy Akridge, Monroeville Experiment Field; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcolm Pegues, Gulf Coast Substation; Joe Little and Paul Rose, Lower Coastal Plain Substation; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Substation 2 Table 1. Location, Planting and Harvest Dates for 1996-97 Small Grain Tests Location Date planted Date harvested Northern Alabama Tennessee Valley Substation (Belle Mina) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only................... Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) Small grain forage only.................. Small grain grain only .................... Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only .................... Central Alabama Black Belt Substation (Marion Junction) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only ................ E.V. Smith Res. Ctr., Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only ................ Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Small grain forage only.................. Small grain grain only .................... Southern Alabama Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only ................ Monroeville Experiment Field (Monroeville) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only................... Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden) Small grain forage only................... Small grain grain only ................ Wiregrass Substation (Headland) Small grain forage only ................... Small grain grain only.................... rr October 10 October 31 October 7 October 22 October 15 November 13 June 25 June 19 July 14 October 10 November 6 October 17 November 18 October 17 November 13 June 4 June 5 June 12 October 15 November 11 October 17 October 30 October 9 November 15 October 16 November 20 May 23 June 4 June 6 June 9 Brand-variety Wheat Table 2. Characteristics of Small Grains Tested in Northern Alabama, Three-Year Summary Average Yield/Acre Average Yield/Acre 1997Aveage Grain Only Forage Only Lodging Height 1/10 Test Wt. 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Headed Bu. Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. In. Date Lb./Bu. 55 55 51 50 - Pioneer 2580................56 Pioneer 2628................54 - - 3 1 34 36 4-8 4-11 52.2 53.1 Jackson..................59 Madison .................. 56 Pioneer 2643................56 Pioneer 2684................51 Pioneer 2691................58 Terral 101 ................ 52 Clemson 201............... 61 GA GORE................49 56 55 46 49 46 51 43 46 50 48 47 46 45 44 44 43 2,567 3,031 - 2,416 2,675 - 2,318 2,408 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 36 29 33 32 36 36 34 4-13 4-5 4-8 4-6 4-2 4-13 4-7 4-5 55.3 53.5 54.7 53.2 53.2 52.9 54.6 52.1 GA Dozier................47 Wakefield ................. 48 GA Stuckey ................ 47 47 48 41 36 43 43 41 39 2,869 2,612 - 2,600 2,438 - 2,397 2,297 - 0 1 1 0 34 37 30 34 4-15 4-14 4-3 4-4 53.3 53.4 52.9 49.7 Morey...................42 Florida 304.................46 GA 871339.................62 VA 93-52-60................59 Northrup King 9663...........56 GA 87467................56 Northrup King XL 910097 ..... 53 GA 90078................49 Test Mean ................. 53 L.S.D. (10).................20 C.V. (%).................. 28 38 ....47 17 26 38 - 2,251 2,516 - 1,931 - 2,154 - 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 - 37 35 36 38 32 34 32 34 - 4-8 4-6 4-12 4-7 4-5 4-12 50.7 52.8 53.5 54.5 53.7 55.1 54.5 53.3 - 4-3 - 45 15 25 2,641 614 17 2,412 416 13 2,315 410 13 Oats Simpson.................60 64 53 - .2 36 4-23 32.7 Chapman................34 Ga Mitchell ................ 25 LA 85604-AB21-B-B..........56. LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B ....... 56 GA 875C44-ES..............44 40 27 - 38 29 - 1,466 1,618 1,545 1,762 1,698 1,844 1,754 - 1,780 - 0 0 0 7 6 32 31 32 33 33 4-21 4-22 4-23 4-22 4-16 31.8 32.4 31.3 32.2 33.5 - - Harrison .................. 38 Florida 502 ................ 3 Iapar 61.................... 0 Citation ................... Test Mean ................. 35 L.S.D. (10) ................ 18 C.V. (0).................. 38 41 43 16 28 40 13 25 2,062 1,365 1,324 1,605 378 17 2,294 1,516 - 1,474 -. 1,624 1,626 467 21 0 0 0 - 38 16 0 - 4-22 4-8 - 33.6 31.4 - 1,619 1,805 360 15 2 - 28 - 32.4 - Barley GA Luttrell................ 82 66 64 - 5 26 2 7 37 4-3 4-5 4- 7 4-13 - 39.2 Pamunkey ................ Callao..................60 Nomu..................64 Starling .................. Test Mean ................ L.S.D. (10) ............... 64 63 55 51 52 52 55 55 51 50 2,956 2,881 2,941 2,835 2,764 2,697 2,699 2,757 2,744 - 7 35 2,564 2,569 32 37 37 4-4 40.5 C.V %)................. 66 20 21 55 16 22 SS 20 27 2,903 508 12 2, 729 409 11 2,626 444 12 9 ....-.... 36 42.4 42.7 41.9 41.3 (Cont.) Table 2(cont.). Characteristics of Small Grains Tested in Northern Alabama, Three-Year Summary Average Yield/Acre Grain Only 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Bu. Bu. Bu. - Brand-variety Rye Oklon ................. Maton .................. Bonel ................... Wren's 96 ...............Wren's Abruzzi AL ........ Florida 401 .............. Bates ................... NF 94 .................. Test Mean.............. L.S.D. (10) .............. C.V. (%O/) ................. Average Yield/Acre Forage Only 3-Yr. 1997 2-Yr. Lb. Lb. Lb. 4,126 4,271 3,983 3,069 2,134 823 4,030 3,847 3,285 498 4,155 4,493 4,048 3,053 2,266 1,323 - Lodging Pct. - 1997Average Test Wt. 1/10 Height Headed Lb./Bu. In. Date - 4,054 3,987 3,707 3,224 2,572 1,869 - . - - 11 - 3,223 486 11 3,236 554 13 . . Triticale Trical498 ............... 65 51 53 3 40 4-1 44.9 Sunland ................. Trical 2700 .............. Test Mean ............... L.S.D. (10) .............. C.V (%) ................ 55 60 11 12 39 45 9 14 45 49 9 13 1,077 2,140 1,609 377 13 1,127 2,644 1,886 247 9 1,588 2,689 2,138 314 10 0 . 1 . . 40 40 4-1 - 48.1 46.5 Brand-variety Table 3. Performance of Small Grains at Belle Mina, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre ForageOnly Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 56.4 57.1 55.1 57.2 56.5 55.7 56.7 54.8 56.9 56.1 56.5 55.2 57.4 56.3 56.7 56.3 56.5 57.3 57.2 55.0 55.4 56.3 - Wheat GA 871339...................... 71 GA Dozier ........................ 65 Madison ......................... 65 Jackson.........................65 Northrup King 9663 ................. 63 Terral1.lo ........................ 62 GA Stuckey ....................... 62 GA GORE ........................ 62 Pioneer 2643 ...................... 60 Clemson 201....................... 59 VA 93-52-60.....................59 Pioneer 2580 ...................... 59 Northrup King XL 910097 ............ 58 Wakefield ........................ 57 Pioneer 2628 ...................... 56 GA 87467 ........................ 56 Pioneer 2691 ...................... 55 54 GA 90078 ........................ Pioneer 2684 ...................... 54 Morey ........................... 51 Florida 304 ....................... 44 Test Mean ......................... 59 26 L.S.D. (10)........................ C.V.(%) ......................... .33 Oats Simpson......... ....... LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... LA 85604-AB21-B-B ................ GA 875C44-ES .................... Harrison ......................... Chapman ......................... Ga Mitchell ....................... Florida 502 ....................... Citation.......................... Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ C. V. (%) ........................... Barley GA Luttrell ....................... Starling .......................... Nomini........................103 Callao ........................... Pamunkey....................... Test Mean ......................... L.S.D. (10) ......................... C.V.(%)...........................7 42 42 43 40 36 43 43 35 47 - 2,932 3,821 4,085 3,334 - - 3,421 3,596 3,175 - 37 48 - 3,382 - 3,371 - 41 37 41 33 41 - 2,523 3,346 743 2,876 3,288 - 15 2,693 2,320 2,550 2,572 2,395 1,893 1,012 1,537 2,121 336 11 106 83 79 74 57 34 23 0 -57 33.4 32.1 30.8 33.0 33.2 30.1 30.9 - 57 - - .19 23 31.9 - 26 22 35 - 2,653 1,392 2,556 2,200 - 108 108 97 85 100 11 37.5 41.7 43.7 41.3 38.1 40.5 - 67 58 58 60 59 60 - 4,165 3,725 3,259 3,902 3, 763 684 11 4,068 3,761 4,186 4,005 - (Cont.) Brand-variety Table 3(cont.). Performance of Small Grains at Belle Mina, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre ForageOnly Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. -........................ .- Rye Maton ...........Oklon .............................. Bates ............................... Bonel............................ NF 94 ............................... Wren's 96 ........................ Wren'sAbruzziAL ................. Florida 401 ....................... Test Mean ............. .................. L.S.D. (.10) ............... C.V. (%) ............ ....... .... Triticale Trical498 ....................... Sunland ............... Trical 2700 ....................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10) ....................... C.V (%) ......................... ..6,238 5,931 5,5175,490 5,469 3,957 3,118 919 4,580 4206 5,450 5,494 5,129 4,451 3,883 2,449 4,476 .......... 77 59 .68 11 7 47.8 50.5 49.2 - 52 48 50 - - 1,046 3,429 2,237 589 11 1,793 4,271 3,032 Brand-variety Table 4. Performance of Small Grains at Crossville, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 55.9 53.6 55.7 51.6 53.7 54.2 51.8 53.2 52.4 52.7 54.1 51.2 53.5 51.9 50.5 51.1 48.7 53.0 53.6 52.2 50.0 52.6 - Wheat Jackson .......................... 60 Northrup King 9663 ................. 59 NorthrupKingXL910097.............56 Pioneer 2580 ...................... 52 VA 93-52-60 ...................... 49 Clemson 201 ...................... 49 GA 871339 ....................... 46 Madison ......................... 45 Pioneer 2684 ...................... 45 GA 87467 ........................ 43 Pioneer 2643 ...................... 42 GA GORE ........................ 40 Pioneer 2628 ...................... 40 Terral 101 ........................ 39 GA Stuckey ....................... 39 Pioneer 2691 ...................... 38 M orey ........................... 38 Wakefield ........................ 37 GA Dozier ........................ 37 GA 90078 ........................ 31 Florida 304 *......................... 29 Test Mean ........................ 44 L.S.D. (10)........................ 7 C.V. (%/0)........................... 11 Oats LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... Simpson ......................... Harrison ......................... GA 875C44-ES .................... LA 85604-AB21-B-B................ Ga Mitchell ....................... Chapman ......................... Florida 502 ....................... Citation.......................... Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (.10)........................ C.V. (%) ........................... Barley GA Luttrell ....................... Nomini .......................... Pamunkey ........................ Starling.......................... Callao..........................53 Test Mean .......................... L.S.D. (10) ......................... C.V(%) ........................... 51 49 43 44 45 - 2,196 - 1,965 2,375 2,556 - 1,765 43 42 41 41 40 40 35 37 39 33 42 - 1,996 2,297 2,100 2,253 488 15 1,644 1,804 1,800 1,796 - 34 29 28 27 22 20 20 8 -24 10 30 30.5 31.2 31.3 31.4 28.8 30.9 28.5 31.4 30.5 - 48 - 33 45 - 42 - 1,295 1,553 1,132 1,104 1,342 1,026 1,717 1,391 1,320 465 25 1,182 1,079 1,130 - 85 71 67 61 68 28 27 37.9 40.8 42.1 40.2 43.4 40.9 - 67 58 58 55 56 59 - 2,730 2,785 2,512 2,875 2, 725 53612- 1,919 2,149 1,887 1,985 (Cont.) Brand-variety Table 4(cont.). Performance of Small Grains at Crossville, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. - Rye .............. NF 94 ............. Bonel............................Bates .............................. M aton ............ .................Oklon ............................ Wrens 96 ........................ Wren'sAbruzziAL ............... Florida 401 ....................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (.10) ....................... C.V. (%) ............. ............ 3,5223,516 3,4323,344 3,204 3,041 1,591 933 2,823 46812 2,731 2,833 2,954 2,661 1,869 1,670 2,453 - Triticale Trical498 ...................... 49 Sunland ........................ 42 Trical2700 ........... ........... Test Mean ....................... 45 L.S.D. (10) ..................... 11 C.V (VO ........................ 11 42.1 45.8 44.0 - 50 40 45 - - 1,108 1,749 1,428 431 13 1,492 1,995 1,743 Brand-variety Wheat Pioneer 2691 ...................... Clemson 201 ...................... VA 93-52-60 ....................... GA 87467 ........................ Table 5. Performance of Small Grains at Winfield, Alabama, 1997 ForageOnly Yield/Acre Grain Only Yield/Acre 3-Yr. Av. 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 Lb. Lb. Bu. Bu. Lb.IBu. 82 77 69 68 52.0 53.4 50.4 52.1 54 54 - - - GA 871339 ....................... Pioneer 2643 ...................... Pioneer 2628 ...................... Florida 304 ....................... GA 90078 ........................ 67 64 64 63 62 50.3 53.1 49.1 46.8 54.1 2,242 - 56 62 49 - 2,132 - 1,787 - Madison .... .................... Pioneer 2580 ...................... Pioneer 2684 ....................... Terral1.lo ........................ Jackson .......................... Wakefield ........................ Northrup King 9663 ................. Northrup King XL 910097 ............ GA GORE ........................ 59 57 54 53 51 50 47 46 43 52.2 49.9 50.0 51.0 52.7 50.9 53.4 52.2 50.3 57 56 56 51 55 54 - 2,454 - 1,864 - 2,171 2,459 - 1,814 1,876 - 45 GA Dozier ........................ GA Stuckey ....................... Morey ........................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10)......................23 C.V.(%).......................29 Oats LA 85604-AB21-B-B ................ LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... Chapman ......................... Simpson ......................... GA 875C44-ES .................... Ga Mitchell ....................... Harrison........................ Florida 502 .................. Iapar 61 ................ Citation.......................... ..... .......... 41 40 37 57 49.2 51.5 45.3 50.9 - 47 48 41 52 - 2,488 - 1,966 - 2,324 707 21 1,862 - 66 50 48 44 32 32 29 34.2 33.9 36.733.5 36.1 35.5 36.3 -. - 44 54 31 - 1,213 1,299 977 1,412 - - 1,505 - 0 .0 - ... - - 1,045 Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10) ....................... C.V.(%) ......................... 33 25 52 35.2 - 43 - 1,189 363 19 1,238 1,371 Barley 52 GA Luttrell ....................... Pamunkey.......................38 30 Callao ........................... Starling.......................... Nontini .......................... ............. Test Mean.......... 20 17 31 42.2 41.2 42.5 43.8 43.5 42.6 - 57 48 48 36 35 45 - 2,182 2,509 1,828 2,369 2,222 1,752 2,012 1,888 1,899 - L.S.D. (10O)........ ...... C. V. (Y)........................ ........ 22 46 46713(Cont.) 10 Brand-variety Table 5 (cont.). Performance of Small Grains at Winfield, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre ForageOnly Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 3,243 3,230 3,141 2,944 2,5502,210 1,694 618 2,454 66119 3,716 3,678 3,262 2,561 1,964 1,488 2,778 Rye Oklon ........................... M aton ............................ Bates ............................ Bonel............................. NF 94 ...........--................... W ren's 96 ........................ Wren's Abruzzi AL ................. Florida 401 ....................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10) ................. ...... C.V. (0) ............. ...... Triticale Trical498 ....................... Sunland.......................... Trical2700 ....................... Test Mean ...................... L.S.D. (10) ...................... C.V. (%) ............. ........... 70 65 68 25 16 44.7 47.9 46.3 . . 58 58 - 1,243 1,243 1,800 1,800 11 Table 6. Characteristics of Small Grains Tested in Central Alabama, Three-Year Summary Brand-variety Wheat Pioneer 2643 ............ Jackson ............... GA Dozier ............. Pioneer 2628 ........... Pioneer 2691 ........... Wakefield ............. Madison .............. GA GORE .............. Clemson 201 ............ Average Yield/Acre Grain Only 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Bu. Bu. Bu. 61 50 50 41 53 41 46 50 53 Average Yield/Acre Forage Only 3-Yr. 1997 2-Yr. Lb. Lb. Lb. 3,390 3,175 3,131 2,950 3,365 3,361 1997Average 1/10 Lodging Height Headed Date Pct. In. 1 Test Wt. Lb./Bu. 54.7 54.1 55.8 52.3 53.7 52.5 52.2 53.4 55.2 52.4 51.3 51.7 55.1 53.3 53.1 55.7 53.4 53.5 64 66 63 60 52 59 57 55 49 62 58 58 55 53 53 8 0 3,326 3,103 3,033 2,894 3,302 3,154 53 52 51 51 46 45 8 13 3 18 15 4 1 Morey ................ Florida 304 ............ GA Stuckey ............ Pioneer 2684 ........... GA 87467 ............. GA 871339 ............ GA 90078 ............. VA 93-52-60 ........... 54 44 45 55 48 48 45 44 49 49 45 62 - 3,246 2,826 3,113 10 42 0 24 3,261 27 8 9 53 7 10 77 67 67 66 66 47 11 656 15 728 18 650 15 Test Mean ............. L.S.D. (10) ............ C.V. (%/) .............. Oats 49 7 11 59 49 56 8 11 77 77 70 78 70 44 68 29 32 32 31 29 34 31 31 32 32 32 30 31 30 32 29 32 31 4-5 4-10 4-12 4-6 3-23 4-8 3-29 4-2 3-25 3-25 4-1 3-25 3-29 3-26 4-4 3-23 4-8 Chapman .............. Ozark ................ 2,861 2,640 2,313 2,088 2,697 2,514 2,282 2,773 2,466 2,310 2,060 1,471 2,534 2,797 2,777 2,239 - 26 Citation ............... . 55 45 Simpson .............. 54 Ga Mitchell ............ 46 Florida 502 ............. 60 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B .. GA 875C44-ES ......... .58 LA 85604-AB21-B-B ..... .57 50 Harrison .............. 61 59 53 22 19 27 37 19 26 Test Mean ............. L.S.D. (10) ............ 53 10 69 13 C.V. (1) .............. rr tr II,( 14 +r 14 +r 65 13 15 r/r 2,521 371 11 rr 2,168 349 12 in 2,604 432 12 1C 35 39 43 44 44 40 41 41 38 42 47 42 4-8 4-14 4-10 4-17 4-10 4-3 4-11 4-6 4-15 4-9 31.4 33.9 31.6 31.1 32.4 33.5 31.1 32.5 30.5 33.4 32.2 (Cont) 12 Table 6(cont.). Characteristics of Small Grains Tested in Central Alabama, Three-Year Sununary Average Yield/Acre Average Yield/Acre 1997 Average Brand-variety Grain Only 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Bu. Bu. Bu. - Forage Only 3-Yr. 1997 2-Yr. Lb. Lb. Lb. 3,446 3,346 3,081 2,984 3,029 2,846 2,362 3,648 3,424 3,130 587 3,923 3,679 3,624 3,470 3,273 2,918 2,586 4,131 3,899 3,815 3,780 3,683 3,429 3,073 Lodging Height Pct. In. 1/10 Headed Date Test Wt. Lb./Bu. Rye Maton ........... Bonel ................. Gurley Grazer 2000 ...... Oklon .................Wren's 96 ........... Wren's Abruzzi AL ...... Florida 401 ............ Bates ................. NF 94 ................ Test Mean .............. L.S.D. (10) ............. c. (%) ......... - - - 3,353 507 3,687 525 . . - 54 45 49 6 8 58 48 53 6 9 14 2,037 2,669 2,353 478 13 11 1,747 2,666 2,207 379 12 11 2,462 3,062 2,762 461 12 . 18 4 11 -. Triticale Trical 498 ............. 66 53 Sunland ............... Trical 2700 ............ .60 Test Mean ............. 4 L.S.D. (10) ............ 4 C.V.(%) .............. 37 36 - 3-18 3-17 - 46.8 51.6 49.2 37 - . 13 Brand-variety Table 7. Performance of Small Grains at Marion Junction, Alabama,1997 Grain Only YieldlAcre Forage Only YieldlAcre 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. 1997 Test Wt. Bu. Lb. Lb. Bu. Lb./Bu. 41 41 41 40 40 40 40 39 39 39 38 38 37 36 33 31 38 54.2 52.0 53.2 53.3 52.8 53.8 50.7 54.6 53.4 50.4 54.0 52.2 52.5 54.4 55.1 52.4 52.9 53.1 - Wheat Pioneer 2643 ...................... GA GORE ........................ Jackson ......................... Pioneer 2691......................40 Madison ......................... VA 93-52-60 ...................... Florida 304 ....................... GA 90078 ........................ Pioneer 2684 ...................... Morey.......................... Pioneer 2628 ...................... GA 871339 ....................... GA 87467 ........................ Wakefield ........................ Clemson 201 ...................... GA Dozier ........................ GA StuckeN ........................ Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (.10)........................ C.V@ o).......................... 4 8 42 40 43 35 41 35 33 45 41 30 42 31 38 - - 2,043 2,127 1,955 - 2,378 2,330 2,267 1,960 1,917 1,778 - 2,318 2,267 2,312 - 1,963 247 9 1,908 2,029 1,940 1,741 1,717 1,306 1,284 1,662 - Oats 83 Chapman ......................... 82 Harrison ......................... 74 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... Citation.........................74 72 GA 875C44-ES .................... Ga Mitchell ....................... 71 Florida 502 ....................... 71 70 LA 85604-AB21-B-B................. Ozark ........................... 69 Simpson ......................... 63 Test Mean ........................ 73 5 L.S.D. (10)...................... 5 C. V (%) ......................... Rye Wren's Abruzzi AL.................. Gurley Grazer 2000.................. Bates ............................ M aton ........................... Wren's 96 ........................ N F 94............................ Oklon............................ Bonel ............................ Florida 401 ....................... Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ C. v.()...............................- 28.3 31.6 28.0 29.1 28.8 30.7 32.4 28.7 33.2 29.2 30.0 - 64 60 50 40 60 57 55 - 2,281 2,275 1,698 121 5 2,122 1,989 1,983 1,975 1,881 1,806 1,787 1,544 1,515 1,845 314 12 2,278 - .- - - - 2,377 2,291 2,319 2,122 2,114 1,999 2,084 2,187 - Triticale Trical498 ........................ 43 Sunland.......................... 29 Trica1 2700........................ Test Mean ...... .................. 36 L.S.D. (10O)........................ 4 49.1 49.2 - 34 21 - -- 49.2 - 28 - C.v ¢) ........................ 1,488 1,490 1,489 260- 2,263 2,050 2,156 S5 - - 7- 14 Brand-variety Table 8. Performance of Small Grains at Prattville, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 Bu. Lb. Bu, Lb/Bu. 72 62 62 62 62 61 59 59 58 57 55 55 54 54 53 53 46 58 8 55.4 56.0 57.8 55.7 56.6 54.6 55.7 55.5 55.3 55.4 54.8 55.0 55.7 55.0 54.7 54.9 58.2 55.7 - 3-Yr. Av. Lb. 4,209 3,700 4,092 3,835 3,965 3,960 Wheat Pioneer 2643....................... Pioneer 2684....................... GA Dozier ........................ GA 87467......................... Morey........................... Madison ......................... Clemson 201....................... Pioneer 2691....................... GA 871339........................ Jackson .......................... Florida 304........................ Pioneer 2628....................... GA GORE ........................ Wakefield......................... VA 93-52-60.............. ......... GA StuckeN ........................ GA 90078......................... Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (1o)........................ 70 66 60 62 61 63 63 55 63 54 58 52 61 - - 4,702 - 4,027 4,379 4,735 4,653 5,001 - 4,583 1,079 C.V. (/) ........................... 10 - - 16 3,882 3,822 3,799 4,447 3,380 3,342 4,036 3,068 3,722 619 12 Oats 87 GA 875C44-ES ..................... 81 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... 80 Citation ........................... Chapman.........................76 75 Ga Mitchell ....................... 75 LA 85604-AB21-B-B................ 60 Harrison.......................... Ozark..........................60 59 Florida 502........................ 52 Simpson.......................... 70 Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (.10)....................... C. V. (%) ......................... 5 5 35.8 34.1 34.3 35.6 36.5 31.4 36.4 36.4 36.8 32.5 35.0 - - 82 99 86 - 3,375 3,553 76 54 80 80 - 2,942 3,290 - Rye Bonel............................. Bates ............................ M aton ........................... NF 94 ........................... Oklon ............................. Gurley Grazer 2000.................. W ren's 96......................... Wren's Abruzzi AL................... Florida 401........................ Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ - 4,913 4,877 4,864 4,862 3,814 3,775 3,614 3,226 2,444 4,043 961 4,860 4,890 4,486 4,238 4,078 3,591 3,255 4,200 - C.T(%)......................... Triticale 17 - Trical 498 ........................ Surdland.......................... 80 59 - 48.5 54.1 - 71 60 - - 2,388 2,792 Trical 2700........................ Test Mean ........................ 3,155 2,772 3,328 3,060 - 69 SJ.3 - 65 - L.S.D. (1 0)........................ 4 1,063- C.V: /o})............................. - - 16 15 Brand-variety Table 9. Performance of Small Grains at Tallassee, Alabama, 1997 Forage Only Yield/Acre Grain Only Yield/Acre 3-Yr. Av. 1997 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. Lb. Lb. Bu. Bu. Lb.Bu. 54.6 55.9 54.7 50.1 52.2 52.5 57.3 53.7 47.4 54.3 51.7 51.8 51.6 49.3 48.5 48.1 48.0 51.9 - Wheat 69 Pioneer 2643 ...................... 65 Pioneer 2684 ...................... 63 Clemson 201 ...................... 62 Morey ........................... 59 Pioneer 2691 ...................... 56 GA GORE ........................ 55 GA Dozier ........................ 52 Jackson .......................... 50 GA Stuckey ....................... 49 GA 90078 ........................ 48 GA 871339 ....................... GA 87467........................45 39 VA 93-52-60 ...................... 38 Madison ......................... 35 Florida 304 ....................... 33 Wakefield........................ 30 Pioneer 2628...................... Test Mean........................50 8 L.S.D. (.10)........................ 12 C.V. ( ) ......................... Oats 27 LA 85604-AB21-B-B ................ LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B................26 19 Simpson .......................... 17 Ozark ........................... 17 Chapman ......................... 17 Ga Mitchell....................... 16 GA 875C44-ES .................... 12 Citation .......................... 9 Florida 502 ....................... 8 Harrison.......................... 17 Test Mean ......................... 16 L.S.D. (10) ....................... 69 C.V. (%) .......................... Rye ...... ... Bates .................. NF 94............................ Wren's 96......................... Bonel ............................ Maton ........................... Gurley Grazer 2000.................. Oklon............................ Wren's Abruzzi AL................. Florida 401........................ Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ C.V. M)x.........................Triticale Trica1498 ........................ Sunrd......................... Trical12700 ........................Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10)........................ 73 - - 63 60 63 63 66 69 52 - - 3,045 3,394 3,443 - 3,608 3,625 - 56 49 60 57 61 - 3,154 3,129 3,060 - 3,432 3,238 3,622 3,505 - 3,204 494 10 1,841 2,330 - 31.3 31.1 31.5 32.2 30.4 30.0 33.0 31.5 31.4 32.3 31.5 - - 62 66 67 61 59 48 61 - 2,229 2,254 1,943 2,379 1,911 2,253 2,142 232 2,558 2,682 1,839 2,360 - 8 4,085 .- - - 3,605 3,590 3,582 3,500 4,849 4,840 5,184 4,914 4,741 4,318 3,881 4,675 - - - - 3,481 3,351 - 3,189 3,127 3,501 314 6- 76 70 73 9 42.7 51.5 - 68 63 - - 47.1 - 66 - 2,237 3,363 2,800 S90- 2,332 3,809 3,071 c.V %)..........................S - - 9 . 16 Table 10. Characteristics of Small Grains Tested in Southern Alabama, Three-Year Summary Brand-variety Average Yield/Acre Grain Only 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Bu. Bu. Bu. 45 41 45 46 40 37 41 43 37 37 39 36 49 43 40 39 39 38 36 36 35 35 34 33 32 Average Yield/Acre Forage Only 1997 2-Yr. 3-Yr. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lodging Pct. l997Average Height 1/10 Headed In. Date 30 33 29 33 33 31 38 32 34 35 35 34 32 32 35 31 34 33 33 3-31 3-16 3-22 4-6 3-30 3-17 3-27 4-3 3-12 3-24 4-4 4-4 3-24 3-16 4-2 3-11 3-31 4-3 - Test Wt. Lb.iBu 50.1 51.4 51.5 54.2 51.1 49.4 50.3 49.'7 49.1 50.8 49.8 50.5 54.2 .50.3 52.2 52.0 50.7 50.7 51.0 Wheat Pioneer 2643 ............... 42 Pioneer 2691.................44 Northrup King Coker 9835......47 GA Dozier..................42 GA GORE..................40 GA Stuckey................38 Florida 304.................42 Pioneer 2628.................35 Morey.....................42 Madison...................36 Wakefield ................. 32 Jackson.........2 Pioneer 2684.................47 GA 87467..................44 Northrup King Coker9134......41 -GA 90078..................41 GA 871339..................35 VA 93-52-60.................32 Test Mean..................40 L.S.D. (10).................10 C. v )...................18 Oats Chapman...................65 Citation....................63 Ga Mitchell.................48 Florida 502.................58 GA 875C44-ES..............70 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B.........65 LA 85604-AB21-B-B..........52 Harrison..................49 Test Mean..................59 L.S.D. (10).................15 C.V VYO)...................19 Rye Wren's 96 ................... Okion.......... Maton.......... Bonel........... GI 87........... Wren's Abruzzi AL ............ Florida 401 .................. Bates ..................... NF 94..................... Test Mean.................. L.S.D. (10)................. C.v.(0/) ................... Triticale 47 Trical 498 .................. 47 Sunland .................... Trical 2700.....--............ - - - 16 4,682 - 4,418 - 4,627 - 8 15 m m - 35 8 22 7 5 4,528 4,1168 4,310 4,094 - 4,313 3,-996 4,314 4,117 3 - 4,476 4,072 4,266 4,114 -2 - - -1 3337 13 15 - - 4,)535 41 8 14 75 77 66 56 37 7 1~5 55 53 49 42 4,386 781 13 4,684 43,569 43,449 43,344 4,592 4,736 4,752 19 11 - 4,232 657 11 4,109 4,212 3,I963 3,435 - 4,311 705 12 4,375 4,399 - 3,845 - 5 40 24 39 38 9 2 63 67 14 s0 12 17 15 - 4,574 4,588 1,028 16 5289 55,282 5,1214 4,843 4,773 4%660 3,909 4,823 4,742 4,129 3,970 845 16 5,595 43,992 4,951 4,881 4,683 9 4,423 3,623 - - 4,206 828 15 5,653 5,283 5,226 5,107 53,039 4,942 4,067 - 13 21 - 37 46 39 40 40 41 43 46 41 3-28 3-30 3-31 3-23 3-27 4-2 4-2 3-29 - 26.9 29.0 30.2 31.5 31.4 27.8 27.0 28.8 29.1 - - - - ~,592 1,344 1,44 1,569 1,684 4,837 932 14 4,736 1,328 21 5,045 1,259 18 39 35 37 11 20 r 37 34 35 9 17 ? r I rn/ ri 4,038 4,603 4,320 669 10 r 33,586 4,397 3,992 838 15 r 32,912 4,480 4,196 947 16 11 - 39 39 39 ri 3-6 3-6 - 40.8 45.6 43.2 14 - 17 Brand-variety Table 11. Performance of Small Grains at Camden, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb.,u. Bu. Lb. Lb. 49.8 50.5 50.3 52.5 47.6 48.5 49.3 49.3 50.0 48.8 49.5 46.7 50.4 51.0 49.3 52.0 47.4 45.8 49.4 - Wheat 42 GA 87467 ........................ Pioneer 2691....................... 37 Northrup King Coker 9835............ 37 36 Pioneer 2684....................... 35 Morey ............................ Florida 304........................ 34 Madison.......................... 34 GA GORE ........................ 33 Pioneer 2643....................... 33 GA Stuckey....................... 32 GA 871339........................32 Pioneer 2628.......................29 29 Northrup KingCoker 9134............ GA 90078......................... 28 VA 93-52-60....................... 28 GA Dozier........................ 27 Jackson .......................... 24 Wakefield......................... 15 Test Mean........................ 31 3 L.S.D. (.10) . ...................... C.I (%).......................... . 7 Oats LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B ............... LA 85604-AB2I-B-B................ GA 875C44-ES..................... Florida 502........................ Chapman ......................... Citation .......................... Ga Mitchell....................... Harrison.......................... Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ 37 31 30 28 32 39 40 34 35 - - 2,174 2,143 - 3,201 3,156 2,790 - 34 39 29 34 . 2,077 2,115 1,933 2,206 378 12 3,192 3,109 3,214 3,174 - 59 57 57 51 48 45 44 40 50 13 31.5 30.1 33.0 32.5 26.4 31.3 32.4 31.0 31.0 - - 30 36 40 38 - 36 - 2,719 2,948 2,633 2,634 2,780 2,834 2,569 2,687 2,725 311 3,049 3,284 3,585 3,306 - C. (V/o).18 Rye W ren's 96. ........................ M aton............................ Bonel-........................... Wren's Abruzzi AL.................. NF 94............................Florida 401......................... Oklon............................ Bates............................ - . 8 2,741 2,454 2,362 2,300 2,299 2,287 2,279 2,273 2,004 2,333 306 5,032 3,667 3,750 3,475 3,175 3,469 - - - - - G187............................ Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ - - 3,716 3,755 - C.V. (%/) ......................... Triticale - - 9 -- Trical498......................... Sunland .......................... 41 39 40 41.0 47.3 - 33 29 - 2,146 2,994 Trical 2700 .........................Test Mean......................... 1,958 2,052 3,186 3,090 44.2 - 31 - L.S.D. (10)........................ 2 267- c: .. .......................... 2 - - S 18 Brand-variety Table 12. Performance of Small Crains at Monroeville, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb.Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 77 68 68 67 66 66 66 63 60 58 58 55 54 53 53 52 52 60 9 10 Wheat Pioneer 2643 ...................... Pioneer 2684 ...................... Pioneer 2628...................... Jackson ........................... Northrup King Coker 9134............ Northrup King Coker 9835............ Pioneer 2691 ...................... Wakefield ........................ VA 93-52-60...................... GA GORE ........................ GA Dozier ........................ GA 871339 ....................... GA 90078 ......................... GA Stuckey ....................... Florida 304 ....................... Madison ......................... GA 87467 ......................... Morey...........47 Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (.10)........................ C. V. (%) ......................... 50.7 55.2 52.8 54.1 54.5 52.1 51.3 53.0 52.7 52.7 53.6 54.1 53.2 48.9 50.5 52.0 50.0 47.0 52.1 - 60 51 46 51 47 52 42 56 45 45 44 39 48 - - 4,445 - 4,359 4,057 4,082 - 4,389 - 3,928 4,160 - 4,743 4,632 4,383 189 4,257 4,182 4,188 - 3 3,413 3,413 3,876 2,195 2,942 2,818 3,372 3,239 3,159 782 17 Oats GA 875C44-ES .................... LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... Chapman ......................... Florida 502 ....................... Citation .......................... Ga Mitchell ....................... LA 85604-AB2]I-B-B ................ Harrison ......................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (J0) ....................... C. . ( ) ......................... 85 84 83 64 59 42 41 34 61 21 24 32.7 32.5 29.5 34.1 28.8 30.3 31.8 31.3 31.4 - - 70 43 57 50 - 3,497 2,405 3,430 3,110 55 - Rye Maton............................ Bonel............................ NF 94............................ Oklon............................ - G187............................ Bates............................ Wren's 96. ........................ Wrens Abruzzi AL.................. - 4,793 4,761 4,671 4,473 4,461 4,742 4,642 4,511 4,217 4,885 4,358 4,447 4,215 - Florida 401 ....................... Test Mean ......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ - - 4,081 2,228 4,237 484 2,800 4,308 C. V.( %). ......................... Triticale - 8-- Trica1498 ........................ Sunland .......................... Trical 2700 . . . . . . . . . . Test Mean ........................ .. 61 51 --56 - 47 39 43 - 42.9 42.9 - 2,070 4,284 3,177 2,645 4,346 3,495 L.S.D. (10)........................ 20 693- c.v.(Yo__..........................is5 - - 9- 19 Brand-variety Table 13. Performance of Small Grains at Headland, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 56.3 51.7 51.9 55.0 51.9 53.8 51.5 51.4 49.7 49.6 49.6 52.2 52.0 48.5 50.2 48.3 50.1 47.4 51.2 - Wheat GA Dozier ........................ 64 Northrup King Coker 9134............ 60 Florida 304........................ 57 .'55 Pioneer 2684.............. ....... Morey ............................ 55 GA 90078......................... 50 GA GORE ........................ 50 GA 87467 ......................... 50 Pioneer 2643 ....................... 45 Northrup King Coker 9835............ 44 GA 871339........................ 42 40 Pioneer 2691 ....................... GA Stuckey ....................... 37 Pioneer 2628....................... 36 Madison ......................... 34 Wakefield......................... 34 32 VA 93-52-60............... ........ Jackson .......................... 22 Test Mean......................... 45 14 L.S.D. (10)........................ C. V. (%).......................... 22 Oats Citation .......................... 114 101 Harrison ......................... Chapman*........................101 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... 93 LA 85604-AB21-B-B................ 88 GA 875C44-ES .................... 85 79 Ga Mitchell........................ Florida 502........................ 78 Test Mean ........................ 92 L.S.D. (10)........................ 18 C.V. (Vo) ......................... 14 Rye Wrens 96 ........................ -Maton............................ Oklon............................ Wrens Abruzzi AL.................. Florida 401. ....................... Bates............................. Bonel.............................NF 94............................ GI 87............................. Test Mean ......................... L.S.D. (10)......................... CV. (0)...........................-m Triticale Sunland........................... Trical1498......................... Trical 2700 .........................Test Mean......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ C.V.(,).......................... 67 59 63 27 18 39 - 7,367 - 5,939 5,638 40 39 39 39 35 31 29 32 25 21 20 32 - 6,165 - 6,103- 5,257 6,633 5,255 6,130 1,520 17 7,438 6,6496,493 6,398 7,052 6,647 6,842 7,164 6,835 1,751 18 8,340 4,261 5,382 4,433 5,131 - 32.4 34.3 29.4 29.7 30.1 32.5 33.2 34.0 32.0 - 67 66 - 5,989 5,868 58 57 62 - 5,802 5,887 - - 7,737 7,600 7,267 7,236 - 6,844 6,383 6,337 6,268 7,112 - 7,653 7,089 7,548 7,641 7,219 7,018 6,956 7,304 1,406 14 49.2 44.5 - 49 42 - 7,149 -- 6,541 5,741 6,141 46.9 - 46 - 6,360 6,755 1,64610 20 Brand-variety Table 14. Performance of Small Grains at Fairhope, Alabama, 1997 Grain Only Yield/Acre Forage Only Yield/Acre 1997 Test Wt. 3-Yr. Av. 1997 3-Yr. Av. Bu. Lb./Bu. Bu. Lb. Lb. 40 32 32 31 31 30 29 23 22 18 18 17 15 15 10 9 9 8 22 11 Wheat Northrup King Coker 9835............ GA 87467 ........................ Morey ............................ Pioneer2691 ...................... GA 90078 ........................ GA Stuckev....................... Pioneer 2684....................... Florida 304 ....................... Madison ......................... Wakefield ........................ GA GORE ........................ GA Dozier ........................ Pioneer 2643....................... Jackson......................... Northrup King Coker 9134............ GA 871339........................ VA 93-52-60....................... Pioneer 2628....................... Test Mean ........................ L.S.D. (10) ....................... 53.9 49.9 49.9 51.7 50.1 47.9 54.2 50.2 51.7 51.9 50.8 54.9 50.0 52.9 52.1 49.6 50.6 50.9 51.3 - 39 34 44 39 - - 33 34 30 31 27 33 19 - 5,030 4,637 4,286 5,356 4,561 - 5,454 5,397 5,161 5,968 5,194 5,087 - 21 32 - 4,826 582 5,435 - C V. (%/O) ......................... 36 8 5,673 5,384 5,063 5,588 5,566 6,414 5,720 5,638 5,631 954 12 Oats 55 GA 875C44-ES .................... Florida 502 ....................... 38 Citation .......................... 32 Chapman.......................... 30 Ga Mitchell.......................29 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B............... 25 Harrison ......................... 21 21 LA 85604-AB21-B-B................ Test Mean ........................ 31 L.S.D. (10) ....................... C.V (0) ......................... 12 27 27.3 25.5 23.3 22.1 24.9 17.4 18.6 15.9 21.9 - 39 50 49 50 - 4,721 5,124 5,378 5,074 - 47 - Rye Oklon ............................ GI 87 ............................ Maton........................... Bonel ............................ Wren's 96......................... Bates ............................ NF 94 ........................... Wren's Abruzzi AL.................. Florida 401........................ Test Mean ......................... L.S.D. (10)........................ - - - 6,774 6,361 6,1.65 5,877 5,871 5,865 5,859 5,727.5,659 4,993 3,885 5,666 6,090 5,638 5,500 - C (Y).. ....................... ... O 32 42.9 23 1,223 15 4,787 -- 4,838 3,598 5,387 - Triticale Sunland.......................... 4,109 Trica1 498 ........................ 27 Trical12700........................ Test Mean ........................ 29 36.9 - 30 - 5,809 5,298 5,252 4,680 39.9 - 26 - L.S.D. (10) ....................... 35 1,073- C.V. /o)............................S50 - - 8- 21 Table 15. Septoria Blotch Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97' Brand-variety Northern Alabama Central Alabama 2.7 1.9 1.3 2.2 3.3 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.8 - Southern Alabama Clemson 201 ............ 1.8 Florida 304............. 3.0 GA 871339..............2.2 GA 87467.............. 2.0 GA90078...............3.0 GA Dozier.............. 2.8 GA Gore................2.8 GA Stuckey............. 2.8 Jackson ................. 2.2 Madison................2.5 Morey................. 3.0 2.8 9663...... Northrup King Northrup King 9134 ...... -1.6 Northrup King Coker 9704 2.7 Northrup King 9835 ...... Pioneer 2580............ 2.7 Pioneer 2628............ 2.8 Pioneer 2643............ 1.8 Pioneer 2684 ............ 2.2 Pioneer 2691............ 3.3 Terral 101 .............. 2.5 VA 93-52-60............ 2.5 Wakefield .............. 2.7 0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = 2.9 2.1 1.8 3.6 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.5 3.9 - 2.0 2.0 1.2 1.9 2.6 1.7 2.1 severe disease. 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.8 22 Table 16. Leaf Rust Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97' Brand-variety Northern Alabama Central Alabama 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.31 3.1 3.1 0.0 Southern Alabama Clemson 201.......0.7 Florida 304 ......... 0.5 GA871339.............1.2 GA 87467 ............... 0.0 GA 90078 ............... 0.7 GA Dozier...............1.3 GA Gore ................ 0.8 GA Stuckey .............. 0.7 Jackson ................. 2.0 Madison ................ 2.2 Morey .............. 0.0 Northrup King 9663........ 0.0 Northrup King 9134 .....Northrup King Coker 9704 0.7 Northrup King 9835 .... Pioneer 2580............. 1.0 Pioneer 2628 ............. 2.3 0.3 1.8 0.1 2.1 1.8 1.6 0.5 4.4 1.6 0.4 2.0 0.5 3.7 3.5 Pioneer 2643............. 0 60.3 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.5 2.7 1.2 3.2 4.6 1.9 1.6 0.8 2.9 3.0 Pioneer 2684............. Pioneer 2691............. Terral 10 1............... VA 93-52-60............. Wakefield............... 0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10= severe disease. 23 Table 17. Powdery Mildew Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97' Brand-variety Northern Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.7 .1.0 . 0.3 .0.0 . 0.2 1.0 0.5 2.7 Central Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 Southern Alabama Clemson 201 ........... Florida 304 ............. GA 871339 ............. GA 87467 .............. GA 90078 .............. GA Dozier ............. GA Gore ............... GA Stuckey ............ Jackson ................ Madison ............... Morey ................. Northrup King 9663 ...... Northrup King 9134 ...... Northrup King Coker 9704 Northrup King 9835 ..... Pioneer 2580 ............ Pioneer 2628 ........... Pioneer 2643 ........... Pioneer 2684 ........... Pioneer 2691 ........... Terral 101 .............. VA 93-52-60 ........... Wakefield .............. 10-10 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.0 2.5 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.0 2.8 -1.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.1 scale: 0-=no disease, 10 = severe disease. 24 Table 18. Barley Yellow Dwarf Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97' Brand-variety Clemson 201 .......... Florida 304............. Northern Alabama 21.8 29.2 Central Alabama 28.7 37.2 1.15.0 28.7 41.71 24.4 22.8 48.9 14.4 24.0 36.1 Southern Alabama 20.0 16.1 13.0 17.5 7.1 43.1 4.4 18.8 25.6 2.9 14.6 GA 871339 .............. 19.3 GA 87467............... 14.0 GA 90078............... 23.4 GA Dozier.............. 29.2 18.5 GA Gore............ GA Stuckey.............. 39.2 Jackson ..................8.8 Madison................ 19.3 27.5 Morey...............0 Northrup King 9663....... 15.5 Northrup King 9134 .... 21.0 Northrup King Coker 9704 Northrup King 9835 ... Pioneer 2580............ 15.1 Pioneer 2628............ 24.3 Pioneer 2643............ 22.9 Pioneer 2684............ 30.3 Pioneer 2691.......34.3 Terral 101........34.5 VA935-6........21.3 Wakefield............... 30.1 'Percent symptomatic plants. 19.4 13.7 21.4 30.6 13.3 37.8 7.5 4.5 18.1 8.3 10.6 11 .4 25 Table 19. Disease Ratings for Oat Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97 Brand-variety Helminthosporium leaf spot' Crown rust' Barley yellow dwarf 2 Northern Alabama Chapman ....... ....... . Florida 502 .............. GA 875C44-ES ........... GA Mitchell .............. Harrison ................. LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B ..... LA 85604-AB21-B-B ....... Simpson ................. Central Alabama Chapman ................ Citation .................. Florida 502 ............... GA 875C44-ES ............ GA Mitchell ............... Harrison ................. LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B ..... LA 85604-AB-21-B-B ...... Ozark ................... Simpson ................. Southern Alabama Citation.................. 2.8 FL 874-E55 .............. 2.3 Florida 502 ............... 2.0 GA 875C44-ES ........... .0.9 GA Mitchell .............. 2.5 Harrison ................. 2.3 LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B ..... 2.0 LA 85604-AB-21-B-B ...... .2.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.8 25.6 28.8 36.3 20.3 18.1 23.1 28.8 1.0 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29.0 41.1 27.8 30.6 41.1 11.9 33.3 21.1 31.7 43.3 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.1 87.5 34.2 48.7 31.0 28.6 25.9 42.8 '0-10 scale: 0-no disease, 10 = severe disease. 2Percent symptomatic plants. 26 Table 20. Disease Ratings for Triticale Varieties in Alabama, 1996-97 Brand-variety Septoria blotch' Leaf rust ' Barley yellow dwarf 2 Northern Alabama Sunland ............... Trical 498 .............. 2.0 2.7 0.0 0.5 14.2 13.5 Central Alabama Sunland ............... Trical 498 .............. 2.3 2.2 1.2 2.3 19.2 8.3 Southern Alabama Sunland ............... Trical 498 .............. 3.5 4.0 0.0 1.3 19.4 13.8 2Percent 0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease plants affected. 27 SOURCES OF SEED WHEAT Univ. Of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia GA Dozier GA Stuckey GA Gore Morey GA 87467 GA 90078 OATS (Continued) Alabama Farmer's Coop Decatur, Alabama Harrison Univ. of Florida Agric. Res. Ctr. Quincy, Florida Florida502 Chapman (formerly FL 874-E55) Novartis Seeds, Inc Somerville, Tennessee Coker (all varieties, brands and hybrids) Alabama Crop Improvement Assoc. Auburn, Alabama GA Mitchell Univ. of Florida, Agric. Res. Ctr., Quincy, Florida Florida 304 South Carolina Crop Impr. Assoc. Clemson, South Carolina Simpson Department of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Inst. Blacksburg, Virginia Jackson Madison Wakefield VA 93-52-60 Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana LA 85604-AB21-B-B LA 85495-1-B2-AB2-B Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia GA 875C44-E3 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc Tipton, Indiana Pioneer (all varieties, brands, and hybrids) BARLEY Department of Agronomy Virginia Polytechnic Institute Blacksburg, Virginia Pamunkey Nomini Starling Callao South Carolina Crop Impr. Assoc. Clemson, South Carolina Clemson 201 Terral-Norris Seed Co. Lake Providence, Louisiana Terral 101 Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia GA Luttrell OATS Univ. of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas Ozark Terral-Norris Seed Co. Lake Providence, Louisiana Citation TRITICALE Resource Seeds, Inc. Union, Kentucky Trical 498, Trical 2700 Univ. of Florida Agric. Res. Ctr. Quincy, Florida Sunland 28 RYE Alabama Crop Improvement Assoc, Auburn, Alabama Wren's Abruzzi AL Univ. of Florida Agric. Res. Ctr. Quincy, Florida Florida 401 Carl R. Gurley, Inc. Princeton, North Carolina GI-87 Gurley's Grazer 2000 Green Seed Company Athens, Alabama Winter King Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc. Ardmore, Oklahoma Bates Bone Maton Okion, NF 94 Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia Wren's 96 (formerly GA-WA CL-7) 29 APPENDIX CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED VARIETIES Wheat Resistance Leaf Glume Powdery Hessian Fly Blotch Mildew good fair fair fair good good fair fair fair fair good good fair good fair good good good fair fair fair fair poor fair good good fair good good fair fair fair good good good good poor fair fair poor good good good good good poor poor good good good fair good good poor good good poor Test Weight Maturity fair good good good good fair good fair good good good good fair good good good good good medium late medium early late medium early late medium early late medium medium late medium late early late late Straw Strength fair good good good good fair fair fair good good fair good good fair fair good fair good fair Brand-Variety AgriPro Hickory Florida 302 Florida 304 GA-Andy GA-Dozier GA-Gore GA-Stuckey Jackson Madison Morey NK Coker 9134 NK Coker 9835 NK Coker 9663 Pioneer 2580 Pioneer 2628 Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2684 Saluda Wakefield Rust poor poor good poor good poor poor poor poor good fair poor good fair poor good poor poor fair Oat Crown Rust Cold Test Straw Brand-Variety Citation Florida 501 Florida 502 GA-Mitchell NK Coker 716 Ozark Simpson Resistance poor poor fair poor poor poor poor Hardiness good poor poor fair good good good Maturity medium early early medium medium med-late medium Weight good good good fair good fair good Strength good poor good good good poor fair Barley Yellow Dwarf Although Barley Yellow Dwarf is a significant problem in Alabama, no current oat or wheat varieties have adequate resistance to this disease. All oat and wheat varieties are susceptible. Hessian fly In the 1996/97 growing season biotype 'L' of hessian fly was found in Alabama. This biotype represented only a small portion of the population. The level of resistance to hessian fly as shown in the table is only valid for the biotypes other than biotype 'L' since none of the current commercial varieties are resistant to this new biotype. 30 Location of Participating Research Units LUDERDALE LMIESTOE MSON JACKSON FRAMARSHALL DE KALB MARiO, WINSETOWA HEROKE Ucp PCALHOUN JEFFERSON LAMAR FAYRtr PICKENS T MS ELBY SANT CLAIR CLEBARNE TAI EDEVGA CLAY CHLTO GREENE HALE OSA p00SA CHAMBEP ELMORE AUTAUGA ES MACO MAENc DCAVe BBS RC RUSSEL BULdaOCt LCPS CLARKE PIK" BUTLET PIKE HENRY LCPx WILCOx MONROE ;HINGTON CONECUH COVINGTON CS HOUST GENEVA DBILE BALDWIN ESCAMBLA CS Small grain variety trials were conducted at these AAES substations: Tennessee Valley Substation (TVS) at Belle Mina. Sand Mountain Substation (SMS) at Crossville, Upper Coastal Plain Substation (UCPS) at Winfield, Black Belt Substation (BBS) at Marion Junction, Prattville Field (PF) at Prattville. E.V. Smith Research Center (EVSRC) at Tallassee, Gulf Coast Substation (GCS) at Fairhope, Monroeville Field (MF) at at Monroeville, Wiregrass Substation (WS) Headland. and Lower Coastal Plain Substation (LCPS) at Camden. Without the commitment of the substation personnel. results presented in this report would not have been presented in a timely manner.