Performance of Small Grain Varieties for Grain in Alabama, 2008-09

Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 302 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Richard Guthrie, Acting Director Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, August 2009
Printed in cooperation with the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University)

2

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 4 PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................... 4 DATA EXPLANATION ............................................................................................................... 4 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................ 5 Planting and harvesting dates ........................................................................................................ 6

North Alabama Regional Averages .................................................................................. 7

Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center, Belle Mina ............................................... 9 Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center, Crossville ................................................. 11

Central Alabama Regional Averages ............................................................................. 13
Prattville Experiment Field, Prattville ................................................................................... 15 E.V. Smith Research Center, Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee ................................................ 17 Black Belt Research and Extension Center, Marion Junction ............................................... 19

South Alabama Regional Averages ................................................................................. 21
Brewton Experiment Field, Brewton ..................................................................................... 23 Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland ........................................................... 25 Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope. .......................................................... 27

Disease ratings for Wheat ........................................................................................................... 29 Disease ratings for Oat ............................................................................................................... 39 Disease ratings for Triticale ........................................................................................................ 40 Disease ratings for Barley .......................................................................................................... 40 SEED SOURCES ........................................................................................................................ 41 APPENDIX A: Hessian Fly Variety Trials in Alabama 2009.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009

3

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Appreciation is expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose support is gratefully acknowledged:

Northern Alabama

Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center, Belle Mina..............................B.E. Norris, Supt. Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center, Crossville...................................R.A. Dawkins, Supt. J. Treadaway Ducar, Asst. Supt.

Central Alabama

Black Belt Research and Extension Center, Marion Junction ................................J.L. Holliman, Supt. Prattvile Experiment Field, Prattville.......................................................................D.P. Moore, Supt. E.V. Smith Research Center, Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee .................................S.P. Nightengale, Supt.

Southern Alabama

Brewton Experiment Field, Brewton.......................................................................J.R. Akridge, Supt. Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope.............................................N.R. McDaniel, Supt. M.D. Pegues, Assoc. Supt. Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland.............................................L.W. Wells, Supt. B.E. Gamble, Asst. Supt.

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ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

THE 2009 ALABAMA PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES
K.M. Glass, E. van Santen, and K.B. Burch
Advisor, Natl. Res. Prog. and Professor, Dept. of Agronomy and Soils and Research Associate, Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, AL 36849.

INTROduCTION
The large number of commercially available varieties of wheat, oat, rye, barley, and triticale makes it difficult for growers to select varieties most suited for their particular area of the State. Making this decision requires up-to-date, unbiased, reliable information on varietal yields and characteristics. This report is published annually to provide Alabama growers with this information. Entries in each experiment are determined by the companies or institutes which control each variety or line, not by experiment station personnel. Data from tests conducted at eight locations were used to compile this report and they represent the varied growing conditions farmers experience around the State.

The experimental design for the tests was a split plot design with species as the main plot and varieties as subplots. Plots were 5 feet by 20 feet with rows spaced 7 inches apart. A cone drill was used to plant all tests in the State. Each variety was replicated three times in each test. The trials were divided into two management systems: grain only and forage only. Grain only: These tests are normally planted during late October to early November, which is approximately one month later than the forage tests. Planting dates for all tests in 2008 are shown in Table 1. All tests were fertilized with P and K according to soil test, plus 20 pounds N per acre at planting. A top dressing of 60 pounds N per acre was made in late February or early March, just prior to jointing. The plots were not sprayed to control disease, so that the varieties could be rated for their inherent disease resistance. The grain was allowed to mature and was harvested with a plot combine, then cleaned and weighed. Moisture and bushel test weight were measured. Forage only: These tests are normally planted in late September to early October. Tests were fertilized at planting with 100 pounds N per acre and clipped with a flail-type mower each time they reached 6 inches in height. A sample was weighed green from each plot, then dried and reweighed. The percent dry matter figure from these weights was used to calculate forage dry matter per acre. The test was top dressed in February with 60 pounds N per acre and clipping was continued until no regrowth occurred. This data is reported in Dept. Series No. 301, Performance of Small Grain Varieties for Forage in Alabama, 2008-09.

PROCEduRE

Grain yields were calculated by weighing air-dried grain and using 60 pounds per bushel for wheat, 32 pounds per bushel for oat, 48 pounds per bushel for barley, 50 pounds per bushel for triticale. Lodging was measured as the percent of plants in the stand broken or leaning that would likely be missed by a combine. Height was measured from the ground to the top of the grain head. The 1/10 headed date is the date when approximately 10 percent of a plot showed fully emerged heads.

dATA ExPLANATION

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009

5

Disease ratings for all 2008-2009 variety tests are summarized by region in Tables 13 - 20. Katherine B. Burch, Research Associate, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, rated disease at all locations. Onset of leaf rust on wheat was earlier in the southern region than last year, but was later in the central and northern regions than last year. At the time of mid-season ratings on wheat, incidence of leaf rust was moderately higher in the southern region than in 2008 but lower in the central and northern regions than last year. Incidence of Septoria leaf blotch and powdery mildew was observed at higher levels compared to last year. Stem rust was observed on susceptible cultivar ‘McNair 701’ at Gulf Coast and Wiregrass Research and Extension Centers. Incidence and severity of Fusarium head blight (scab) were higher on cultivars in northern Alabama than observed in recent years. On oats, disease was similar to that observed last year. Helminthosporium leaf spot was observed at very low levels across the state. Crown rust was detected on several cultivars in the southern region. On triticale, low levels of leaf blotch were detected throughout the state and leaf rust was observed on several varieties in the southern and central regions. On barley, spot blotch and net blotch developed at low levels. Symptoms of the viral disease barley yellow dwarf were observed in most grain entries throughout the state. In the southern region, incidence was slightly lower than observed last year. In the central and northern regions, incidence was higher. Growing conditions and variety performance often vary among locations and years. In the 2008-09 growing season, Hessian infestation was a problem at most locations. Drastic yield reductions occurred at some locations. For further discussion on Hessian fly rating in Alabama please see Appendix A.

dISCuSSION

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ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE 1. LOCATION, PLANTING ANd HARVESTING dATES FOR THE 2008-09 SMALL GRAIN TESTS

Location

Date planted

Date harvested

Northern Alabama
Tennessee Valley Res. & Ext. Ctr. (Belle Mina)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 29 October 31 June 17

Sand Mountain Res. & Ext. Ctr. (Crossville)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 16 November 5 June 12

Central Alabama
Black Belt Res. & Ext. Ctr. (Marion Junction)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 22 October 22 June 2

E.V. Smith Res. Ctr., Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 14 November 3 June 17

Prattville Research Field (Prattville)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 14 November 10 June 10

Southern Alabama
Wiregrass Res. & Ext. Ctr. (Headland)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 30 November 19 June 2

Brewton Research Field (Brewton)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 21 November 19 June 8

Gulf Coast Res. & Ext. Ctr. (Fairhope)
Small grain - forage only Small grain - grain only October 13 November 21 May 28

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 2. NORTH ALABAMA REGIONAL AVERAGES OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETY PERFORMANCE 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 SS 8641 SS 520 Jamestown SS 8308 SS MPV 57 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 USG 3665 Coker 9804 Progeny 117 Terral LA 841 Progeny 185 USG 3209 USG 3592 SS 8404 SS 8302 Magnolia Progeny 166 VA 04W-90 USG 3295 AGS 2050 GA 991371-6E12 GA 991209-6E33 AGS 2035 AGS 2026 USG 3555 AGS 2031 GA 991336-6E9 Merl Oglethorpe VA 04W-259 AGS 2055 Coker B030543 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 Baldwin Progeny 136 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Test wt lbs/bu 57 56 53 57 56 52 50 55 51 54 53 50 52 52 54 55 53 51 49 56 55 55 53 55 52 54 53 55 56 54 54 53 51 57 51 51 51 52 48 51 54 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg.† -------------------- bu/acre --------------------77 73 64 68 71 70 68 68 66 62 55 63 56 61 60 56 56 56 45 75 71 69 68 68 67 67 66 66 66 66 65 63 62 60 60 59 58 57 57 55 52 72 69 67 67 66 66 65 64 64 62 62 61 60 60 58 58 58 55 51

7

continued

8
TABLE 2. CONTINuEd.

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 LA 99153-45-S1 LA 976-59-S1 Terral Trophy Horizon 201 Barley Eve Thoroughbred VA 03H-61 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 336 RSI 202718 Trical 2700 RSI 202765 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) Test wt lbs/bu 34 33 36 33 36 32 53 40 53 46 38 10 42 45 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg.† -------------------- bu/acre --------------------83 121 91 76 74 62 76 69 67 80 47 36 35 33 64 21 11 91

73 68

85 58

65 16 6

† No 3-yr averages reported due to a total crop failure (late freeze during flowering) at Tennessee Valley REC in 2007.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 3. TENNESSEE VALLEY RESEARCH ANd ExTENSION CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, BELLE MINA. Cultivar Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Progeny 117 SS 8641 SS 520 Progeny 185 SS 8308 SS 8302 SS MPV 57 USG 3665 SS 8404 Jamestown Coker 9436 Terral LA 841 Coker 9553 Magnolia Coker 9804 Progeny 166 USG 3209 USG 3592 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 Oglethorpe VA 04W-90 AGS 2050 AGS 2035 AGS 2026 Terral TV 8558 GA 991371-6E12 USG 3555 Coker B030543 Progeny 136 Progeny 130 58 55 56 53 54 57 55 54 53 55 57 52 53 57 54 54 53 53 54 55 56 55 56 57 56 54 53 56 54 57 53 57 81 61 70 55 65 69 70 66 67 57 56 61 62 59 61 57 51 49 54 71 71 70 70 69 68 67 65 64 62 62 61 60 80 72 72 71 71 70 69 69 69 68 67 66 65 65 63 63 59 58 58 testwt 2009 Test wt lbs/bu Current

9

Twoyr Threeyr 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

10
TABLE 3. CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety USG 3295 AGS 2055 Terral TV 8589 AGS 2031 VA 04W-259 Merl Terral TV 8170 Progeny 119 Baldwin Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 LA 99153-45-S1 LA 976-59-S1 Terral Trophy Horizon 201 Barley Eve Thoroughbred VA 03H-61 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 336 RSI 202718 Trical 2700 RSI 202765 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 48 41 10 43 45 53 41 53 35 33 36 34 36 32 Test wt lbs/bu 55 52 52 55 53 55 55 55 55

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------60 60 59 58 58 58 57 57 56

89 142 123 118 102 85

101

83 53 60

83 60

79 49 39 26 25 66 17 12

97 62

70 11 8

† No 3-yr averages reported due to a total crop failure (late freeze during flowering) at Tennessee Valley REC in 2007.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 4. SANd MOuNTAIN RESEARCH ANd ExTENSION CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, CROSSVILLE. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat SS 8308 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Coker 9436 USG 3209 AGS 2060 Coker 9553 USG 3592 SS 520 SS 8404 SS 8302 Jamestown Coker 9804 USG 3665 Terral LA 841 Progeny 117 Progeny 185 Magnolia Progeny 166 USG 3295 VA 04W-90 Merl AGS 2031 GA 991371-6E12 USG 3555 AGS 2050 VA 04W-259 AGS 2026 AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 AGS 2055 Terral TV 8170 56 56 52 50 52 57 55 55 53 57 53 58 54 51 50 53 52 51 49 57 57 54 56 53 53 55 53 54 52 56 51 51 72 76 74 75 73 74 78 67 74 56 48 81 67 65 64 49 47 51 39 82 81 74 74 72 70 69 69 67 66 65 64 63 63 66 63 63 63 64 64 59 64 49 48 67 61 60 56 52 50 48 42 67 66 66 63 63 62 62 62 61 58 51 Test wt lbs/bu

11

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

12
TABLE 4.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety GA 991336-6E9 Oglethorpe Coker B030543 Terral TV 8589 Baldwin Progeny 119 Terral TV 8558 Progeny 136 Progeny 130 Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy Horizon 201 LA 976-59-S1 Barley Thoroughbred Eve VA 03H-61 Wheat RSI 342 Trical 336 Trical 2700 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 46 38 42 45 39 40 55 55 34 33 38 38 32 33 Test wt lbs/bu 56 54 58 51 52 51 51 48 54

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------61 59 59 57 57 53 52 52 44

86 103 55 45 40 25

79

77

86 68 75

77 62

73 63

80 46 44 40 33 63 22 16

72 53

62

60 18 8

64 17 7

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009

13

TABLE 5. CENTRAL ALABAMA REGIONAL AVERAGES OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETY PERFORMANCE 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Jamestown Coker 9804 Terral LA 841 Terral LA 482 Baldwin AGS 2035 Progeny 185 USG 3295 AGS 2055 GA 991336-6E9 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 AGS 2031 VA 04W-90 GA 991209-6E33 USG 3555 Terral TV 8170 GA 991371-6E12 Progeny 166 USG 3665 VA 04W-259 Progeny 119 USG 3592 Coker 9553 Oglethorpe AGS 2026 Magnolia Merl Progeny 117 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 USG 3209 Test wt lbs/bu 55 54 52 50 52 52 53 52 53 48 53 51 47 53 53 54 49 52 54 51 49 51 52 53 57 51 52 51 52 52 54 49 50 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------47 47 47 40 40 60 58 56 56 55 55 55 54 53 53 52 51 51 51 49 49 49 46 45 45 45 44 44 43 43 42 41 37 67 67 65 60 59 67

continued

14
TABLE 5. CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 Horizon 201 LA 99153-45-S1 LA 976-59-S1 Terral Trophy Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) Test wt lbs/bu 27 31 29 32 28 30 42 39 36 40 40

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------39 57 51 50 50 49 47 28 22 21 18 46 30 9 68 67

57

64

63 20 7

66 34 8

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 6. PRATTVILLE ExPERIMENT FIELd SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, PRATTVILLE. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Jamestown Terral LA 841 Terral LA 482 Coker 9804 GA 991336-6E9 AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991371-6E12 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 Baldwin Oglethorpe USG 3295 VA 04W-90 Progeny 117 VA 04W-259 USG 3592 Progeny 185 Coker 9553 Terral TV 8558 Magnolia USG 3555 AGS 2055 Terral TV 8170 USG 3665 Terral TV 8589 Progeny 119 Progeny 166 Progeny 136 USG 3209 Progeny 130 Merl 55 55 50 52 54 55 55 56 55 54 53 52 53 53 53 52 51 53 52 57 51 51 49 48 52 49 47 52 52 49 50 54 52 66 75 70 60 56 87 87 86 82 74 70 70 69 67 67 67 63 63 63 60 60 59 55 55 55 55 55 54 54 53 51 50 49 74 80 74 65 64 66 Test wt lbs/bu

15

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

16
TABLE 6.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy Horizon 201 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 43 44 38 43 41 31 31 30 32 31 29 Test wt lbs/bu

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

63 103 85 83 77 59

64

66

90 60 54 50 48 65 14 11

92

82

73 14 9

71 20 9

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 7. E.V. SMITH RESEARCH CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, PLANT BREEdING uNIT, TALLASSEE. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Coker 9804 Jamestown Terral LA 841 Terral LA 482 USG 3555 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8170 Progeny 185 USG 3295 AGS 2031 USG 3665 Terral TV 8589 VA 04W-90 AGS 2055 Baldwin Progeny 166 Progeny 119 Merl Progeny 130 AGS 2035 VA 04W-259 GA 991336-6E9 USG 3592 GA 991371-6E12 Progeny 136 Progeny 117 USG 3209 GA 991209-6E33 AGS 2026 Oglethorpe 56 54 54 52 52 53 54 53 53 54 54 52 50 53 52 52 53 53 54 56 53 53 53 54 54 49 53 53 54 52 51 42 71 45 27 40 81 80 79 79 78 77 76 71 70 70 70 67 64 63 61 58 57 55 55 51 48 42 40 32 23 23 72 91 70 63 62 70 Test wt lbs/bu

17

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

18
TABLE 7.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 201 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy Horizon 270 LA 976-59-S1 Triticale RSI 342 RSI 202765 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 42 40 39 36 40 27 30 33 30 31 28 Test wt lbs/bu

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

4 20 14 12 9 8

70

52

38 12 12 11 5 46 19 9

58

68

70 15 13

63 42 17

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 8. BLACK BELT RESEARCH ANd ExTENSION CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, MARION JuNCTION. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Jamestown Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Coker 9804 Oglethorpe AGS 2055 Baldwin GA 991209-6E33 Terral TV 8589 AGS 2026 AGS 2035 Progeny 166 VA 04W-259 Progeny 185 Terral TV 8558 GA 991336-6E9 Progeny 136 Progeny 119 USG 3209 VA 04W-90 USG 3295 GA 991371-6E12 Progeny 117 Terral TV 8170 USG 3592 Merl USG 3555 USG 3665 Progeny 130 AGS 2031 55 57 53 54 52 55 54 56 57 54 55 56 51 56 53 53 54 50 54 53 54 54 55 52 52 53 54 52 50 55 55 32 22 21 24 14 43 41 39 38 37 35 29 28 26 25 23 23 22 22 21 21 21 21 20 19 19 17 17 17 15 14 55 52 51 44 40 64 Test wt lbs/bu

19

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

20
TABLE 8.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 201 Horizon 270 Terral Trophy LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) † Hessian fly damage affected yield in 2009. 44 44 36 34 34 38 33 36 Test wt lbs/bu

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

49 74 59 57 56 53

69

82

14 12 1 1 1 27 28 9

22

43

47 19 8

63 22 9

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 9. SOuTH ALABAMA REGIONAL AVERAGES OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETY PERFORMANCE 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2060 Oglethorpe Terral LA 482 Magnolia Terral LA 841 AGS 2020 Jamestown Baldwin AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991371-6E12 GA 991336-6E9 AGS 2026 VA 04W-90 Progeny 166 Terral TV 8589 Terral TV 8170 AGS 2055 AGS 2031 VA 04W-259 Terral TV 8558 Progeny 117 Progeny 130 Progeny 119 McNair 701 Progeny 185 Coker Panola Progeny 136 Merl Test wt lbs/bu 49 48 45 47 46 46 48 47 48 47 49 47 48 46 44 43 44 44 49 48 41 51 44 45 42 43 48 43 45

21

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------58 52 42 45 48 40 40 63 63 62 62 57 52 43 30 28 28 27 27 27 23 23 19 18 17 16 13 9 7 62 57 56 55 54 51 50

continued

22
TABLE 9. CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Horizon 270 Florida 501 Horizon 201 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) Test wt lbs/bu 33 31 32 31 36 34 41 36 32 34 33

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------120 71 121 102 92 89 57 31 16 3 0 44 26 7 118 75

73

65 17 5

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 10. BREWTON ExPERIMENT FIELd SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, BREWTON. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat Oglethorpe AGS 2020 AGS 2060 Magnolia Terral LA 841 Terral LA 482 Jamestown AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 Baldwin GA 991371-6E12 GA 991336-6E9 AGS 2026 VA 04W-90 Progeny 166 Progeny 117 Terral TV 8589 VA 04W-259 AGS 2031 Terral TV 8170 AGS 2055 Coker Panola Progeny 119 Progeny 185 Terral TV 8558 Progeny 136 McNair 701 Progeny 130 Merl 53 55 57 54 53 52 56 55 56 53 56 56 53 50 48 51 48 48 49 49 46 48 50 47 44 43 47 47 46 65 51 75 66 67 49 55 76 73 68 66 64 62 52 43 42 40 40 39 38 37 34 33 30 30 27 25 25 20 58 50 62 56 53 51 48 70 65 Test wt lbs/bu

23

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

24
TABLE 10.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 Horizon 201 LA 976-59-S1 Terral Trophy LA 99153-45-S1 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 45 38 37 34 37 35 35 34 38 38 Test wt lbs/bu

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------63 133 131 118 105 99 69 30 22 7 5 54 19 11 62 20 9 75 17 8 77 97 62 108 69

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 11. WIREGRASS RESEARCH ANd ExTENSION CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, HEAdLANd. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat Oglethorpe AGS 2020 AGS 2060 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Magnolia Jamestown GA 991371-6E12 GA 991336-6E9 AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 Baldwin AGS 2026 VA 04W-90 Terral TV 8589 Terral TV 8558 Progeny 166 AGS 2055 Terral TV 8170 McNair 701 Progeny 130 Progeny 185 Progeny 119 AGS 2031 Coker Panola Merl Progeny 117 Progeny 136 VA 04W-259 48 46 49 45 46 47 48 49 47 48 47 47 48 46 43 41 44 44 44 42 44 43 45 31 5 27 16 19 15 16 42 41 33 33 33 30 17 16 16 14 14 13 5 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 36 52 47 45 44 43 48 45 Test wt lbs/bu

25

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

26
TABLE 11.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
2009 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre --------------------44 54 47 45 43 36 30 18 4 0 0 22 30 9 54 18 8 58 23 8 65 77 66 94 63

Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 Terral Trophy LA 99153-45-S1 Horizon 201 LA 976-59-S1 Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) † Severe Hessian fly damage in 2009.

Test wt lbs/bu 31 33 34 36 32 31 41 36 32

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 12. GuLF COAST RESEARCH ANd ExTENSION CENTER SMALL GRAIN VARIETY TRIAL, FAIRHOPE. 2009 Brand-Variety Wheat AGS 2020 Oglethorpe AGS 2060 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Magnolia Jamestown Baldwin AGS 2035 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991371-6E12 GA 991336-6E9 AGS 2026 VA 04W-90 AGS 2031 VA 04W-259 Progeny 166 Terral TV 8170 AGS 2055 Progeny 130 Terral TV 8589 Progeny 117 Terral TV 8558 McNair 701 Progeny 119 Merl Progeny 185 Progeny 136 Coker Panola 56 55 59 54 55 55 57 57 56 58 58 57 55 55 52 50 51 49 48 53 45 51 47 50 52 45 44 43 48 63 61 73 61 57 55 49 87 79 79 78 65 63 59 36 35 34 34 31 29 28 25 24 22 20 15 14 13 13 66 64 73 69 66 63 58 74 67 Test wt lbs/bu

27

2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

continued

28
TABLE 12.
CONTINuEd

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
2009 Brand-Variety Oat Florida 501 Horizon 270 Horizon 201 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy Triticale RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 RSI 202765 RSI 202718 Test Mean C.V.(%) LSD(0.10) 44 41 38 38 33 72 44 22 10 5 58 12 8 78 12 9 83 13 7 76 88 36 35 34 34 36 37 106 174 189 153 132 115 96 151 103 Test wt lbs/bu 2008-2009 2007-2009 Avg. Avg. Avg. -------------------- bu/acre ---------------------

† Severe Hessian fly damage in 2009.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 13. LEAF BLOTCH RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-20091 Brand-variety AGS 2020 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 AGS 2050 AGS 2055 AGS 2060 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 Coker 9804 Coker B030543 GA 981621-5E34 GA 981622-5E35 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 GA 991371-6E12 Jamestown Magnolia McNair 701 Oglethorpe Panola Progeny 117 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 Progeny 166 Progeny 185 North 5.17 5.17 5.33 5.50 4.67 4.83 5.17 6.33 5.83 5.50 5.33 6.00 5.17 5.33 6.50 6.00 5.50 5.83 5.67 6.50 5.67 5.50 6.00 Central 2.67 3.22 2.67 3.00 2.67 2.67 2.78 2.56 2.56 3.11 2.78 2.72 2.67 2.67 2.89 2.67 2.78 2.56 2.56 2.56 South 2.89 2.39 2.89 2.33 2.56 3.11 4.00 3.11 3.44 2.78 3.89 3.56 4.22 2.44 3.11 3.11 2.44 2.22 2.56 2.89

29

2.11 continued

30
TABLE 13. CONTINuEd Brand-variety SS 520 SS 8302 SS 8309 SS 8404 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 USG 3209 USG 3295 USG 3555 USG 3592 USG 3665 VA 03W-412 VA 04W-259 VA 04W-90
1

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

North 5.17 5.83 5.67 6.00 5.33 6.50 5.83 5.00 6.17 5.67 5.67 4.50 5.50 6.00 5.50 5.50 5.50 6.17

Central 3.56 2.89 2.78 2.67 2.67 2.67 3.11 2.33 2.78 2.33 2.00 2.56 2.67

South 3.78 2.89 2.11 2.22 2.11 2.11 1.78 2.89

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 14. BARLEY YELLOW dWARF RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-20091 Brand-variety AGS 2020 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 AGS 2050 AGS 2055 AGS 2060 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 Coker 9804 Coker B030543 GA 981621-5E34 GA 981622-5E35 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 GA 991371-6E12 Jamestown Magnolia McNair 701 Oglethorpe Panola Progeny 117 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 Progeny 166 Progeny 185 North 74 75 65 57 62 53 68 73 77 50 58 67 45 52 85 63 75 75 63 73 60 72 68 Central 61 49 35 62 20 35 25 45 47 45 47 41 20 59 39 36 23 27 27 25 South 29 9 8 11 27 15 34 19 21 21 27 28 39 15 31 23 12 25 12 21

31

11 continued

32
TABLE 14. CONTINuEd Brand-variety SS 520 SS 8302 SS 8309 SS 8404 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 USG 3209 USG 3295 USG 3555 USG 3592 USG 3665 VA 03W-412 VA 04W-259 VA 04W-90
1

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

North 83 65 72 65 57 77 71 63 77 68 68 70 62 81 75 67 72 70

Central 57 53 40 39 38 39 44 29 39 37 29 28 37

South 43 17 9 24 10 14 7 14

Percent symptomatic plants.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 15. LEAF RuST RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-20091 Brand-variety AGS 2020 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 AGS 2050 AGS 2055 AGS 2060 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 Coker 9804 Coker B030543 GA 981621-5E34 GA 981622-5E35 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 GA 991371-6E12 Jamestown Magnolia McNair 701 Oglethorpe Panola Progeny 117 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 Progeny 166 Progeny 185 North 1.33 0.00 2.83 0.67 1.17 0.67 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17 0.00 0.67 1.33 1.00 2.33 1.33 0.50 Central 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.00 2.33 1.56 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.22 0.00 0.67 3.00 0.33 2.33 2.11 0.89 0.89 0.67 1.78 South 2.11 0.22 0.00 3.44 0.00 1.22 1.78 2.56 1.33 1.56 4.44 3.44 5.11 0.78 5.33 5.56 3.56 3.11 2.22 9.00

33

3.22 continued

34
TABLE 15. CONTINuEd Brand-variety SS 520 SS 8302 SS 8309 SS 8404 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 USG 3209 USG 3295 USG 3555 USG 3592 USG 3665 VA 03W-412 VA 04W-259 VA 04W-90
1

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

North 0.00 3.17 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.83 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.67 1.67 0.00 0.67 0.50 0.00 1.33

Central 1.22 0.44 1.44 1.61 1.11 3.11 0.00 1.44 0.56 0.44 1.33 0.00 1.22

South 1.78 1.00 3.78 5.33 2.67 2.00 1.78 3.67

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 16. POWdERY MILdEW RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-20091 Brand-variety AGS 2020 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 AGS 2050 AGS 2055 AGS 2060 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 Coker 9804 Coker B030543 GA 981621-5E34 GA 981622-5E35 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 GA 991371-6E12 Jamestown Magnolia McNair 701 Oglethorpe Panola Progeny 117 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 Progeny 166 Progeny 185 North 1.67 1.33 0.83 1.00 2.50 1.17 1.17 2.50 2.33 0.83 0.00 2.83 0.00 1.83 0.00 2.00 2.50 3.67 2.50 2.83 2.00 2.33 3.33 Central 0.67 1.00 0.89 1.00 0.67 0.67 2.56 1.67 0.44 1.67 1.44 0.00 3.33 1.22 2.56 2.56 1.78 1.44 2.11 1.50 South 0.00 0.56 1.11 0.56 1.11 0.89 0.56 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.00 0.89 0.56 0.00 0.00 0.44 3.11 0.11 0.67 2.22

35

0.33 continued

36
TABLE 16. CONTINuEd Brand-variety SS 520 SS 8302 SS 8309 SS 8404 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 USG 3209 USG 3295 USG 3555 USG 3592 USG 3665 VA 03W-412 VA 04W-259 VA 04W-90
1

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

North 0.83 3.67 1.33 1.33 1.00 0.00 2.00 2.50 1.50 1.67 1.67 1.83 0.00 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.67

Central 1.44 2.56 1.11 0.78 1.22 0.78 0.22 0.94 1.22 1.33 0.44 0.89 0.44

South 0.33 1.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 17. SCAB RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-20091 Brand-variety AGS 2020 AGS 2026 AGS 2031 AGS 2050 AGS 2055 AGS 2060 Coker 9436 Coker 9553 Coker 9804 Coker B030543 GA 981621-5E34 GA 981622-5E35 GA 991209-6E33 GA 991336-6E9 GA 991371-6E12 Jamestown Magnolia McNair 701 Oglethorpe Panola Progeny 117 Progeny 119 Progeny 130 Progeny 136 Progeny 166 Progeny 185 North 1.50 1.67 0.83 1.67 2.17 1.00 0.83 1.17 0.50 1.17 2.50 1.83 1.50 1.33 1.17 1.33 0.83 0.33 0.67 0.33 1.67 0.83 1.00 Central South

37

continued

38
TABLE 17. CONTINuEd Brand-variety SS 520 SS 8302 SS 8309 SS 8404 SS 8641 SS MPV 57 Terral LA 482 Terral LA 841 Terral TV 8170 Terral TV 8558 Terral TV 8589 USG 3209 USG 3295 USG 3555 USG 3592 USG 3665 VA 03W-412 VA 04W-259 VA 04W-90
1

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

North 1.50 0.50 2.33 2.00 1.67 1.67 1.33 1.17 1.00 0.83 1.33 1.83 0.67 1.50 1.17 2.00 1.67 1.17

Central

South

0-5 scale: 0=no disease, 5=100% disease

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009
TABLE 18. dISEASE RATINGS FOR OAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-2009
1

39

Brand-variety

Helminthosporium leafspot

1

Crown rust

2

Barley Yellow dwarf

North
Florida 501 Horizon 201 Horizon 270 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy 0.50 0.59 0.52 0.59 0.51 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.33 13.33 15.00 5.00 10.00 3.33

Central
Florida 501 Horizon 201 Horizon 270 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy 1.78 1.56 1.46 1.46 0.84 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.00 12.90 14.57 15.01 7.79 11.23

South
Florida 501 Horizon 201 Horizon 270 LA 976-59-S1 LA 99153-45-S1 Terral Trophy
1 2

0.84 0.57 0.78 0.73 0.78 0.84

3.22 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.22 0.56

27.22 4.23 6.44 6.44 5.22 4.67

0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease Percent plants affected.

40

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE 19. dISEASE RATINGS FOR TRITICALE VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2008-2009 Brand-variety Leaf blotch
1

Leaf rust
1

2

Barley yellow dwarf

North
RSI 202718 RSI 202765 RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 3.67 4.17 5.00 3.83 4.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 41.67 63.33 31.67 43.33

Central
RSI 202718 RSI 202765 RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336 2.44 2.11 3.00 1.78 2.67 0.67 0.33 0.00 0.00 1.00 18.89 25.67 40.00 14.56 24.44

South
RSI 202718 RSI 202765 RSI 342 Trical 2700 Trical 336
1 2

3.22 3.33 4.39 3.56 3.11

1.33 2.11 1.56 0.00 1.44

13.89 17.22 30.56 9.11 9.44

0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease Percent plants affected.

TABLE 20. dISEASE RATINGS FOR BARLEY VARIETIES IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 2008-2009 Spot blotch
1

Brand-variety Eve Price Thoroughbred
1 2

Net blotch
1

2

Barley yellow dwarf 68.33 63.33 53.33

2.50 2.00 2.50

2.67 2.83 2.67

0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease. Percent plants affected.

PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES IN ALABAMA, 2009

41

SOuRCES OF SEEd
Cultivar Wheat
AGS 2020, AGS 2026, AGS 2031 AGS 2050, AGS 2055, AGS 2060 Coker 9436, Coker 9553, B030543* Coker 9804 (formerly D03*9804) AgriPro Magnolia DynaGro Oglethorpe (formerly GA951231-4E25) GA 991336-6E9*, GA 991371-6E12*, GA 991209-6E33*, Baldwin (formerly GA 981621-5E34*), AGS 2035( formerly GA 981622-5E35*) Panola, McNair 701 Progeny 117, Progeny 119, Progeny 130, Progeny 136, Progeny 166, Progeny 185 SS 520, SS 8302, SS 8308, SS 8404, SS 8641, SS-MPV-57 Terral LA 482, Terral LA 841, Terral TV 8170, Terral TV 8558, Terral TV 8589 USG 3209, USG 3295, USG 3555, USG 3592, USG 3665 VA04W-90*, VA04W-259*, Jamestown, Merl (formerly VA03W-412*) UniSouth Genetics, Inc. Nashville, Tennessee Virginia Crop Improvement, Assn. Warsaw, Virginia continued Southern States Coop. Richmond, Virginia Terral Seed Co. Lake Providence, Louisiana Local Source Progeny Ag Products Wynne, Arkansas Crop Production Services Marysville, Ohio University of Georgia Griffin, Georgia

Source
AGSouth Genetics Albany, Georgia Syngenta Seeds, Inc. Bay, Arkansas

42

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

SOuRCES OF SEEd
Cultivar Triticale
Trical 336, Trical 342, Trical 2700 RSI 202718*, RSI 202765*

Source
Resource Seeds, Inc. Union, Kentucky

Oat
Fla. 501 Alabama Crop Improvement Assn.

Horizon 201, Horizon 270

AGSouth Genetics

LA 99153-45-S1*, LA 976-59-S1*

Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Terral Trophy

Terral Seed Co. Lake Providence, Louisiana

Barley
Eve, Thoroughbred, VA03H-61* * Experimental line; not yet commercially available. Virginia Crop Improvement, Assn. Warsaw, Virginia

APPENDIX A

Hessian Fly Variety Trials in Alabama 2009 Kathy Flanders, Zandra DeLamar, Charlie Burmester, Kathy Glass, Brenda Ortiz, Don Moore and Chet Norris with various appointments at Auburn University, Alabama Cooperative Extension System, and/or the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Cooperators: Eric Schavey, Bill Webster, Brad Meyer, Glen Whiteside, David Derrick, Warren Griffith, Rudy Yates, Leonard Kuykendall, Richard Petcher, and Brandon Dillard Hessian fly pressure was unusually high in Alabama during the 2008-2009 wheat season. Hessian flies were found in 83% of commercial fields that were sampled (n=70). Two variety tests were planted (Prattville and Belle Mina) in order to determine performance of four “Biotype L” resistant varieties, relative to varieties that were commonly grown in the vicinity, or that yielded well in previous variety tests. Hessian fly pressure in the Prattville plots was low, so data was not collected on Hessian fly. Two Auburn University small grain variety tests were sampled (Headland and Fairhope) because the Hessian fly pressure in these plots was extremely high. Hessian fly results are reported here. Yield and other performance measures are reported in the variety test section of Alabamacrops.com. An effort was made to sample wheat fields for Hessian flies from different parts of Alabama. Variety information and intensity of Hessian fly infestation is included here.

1

APPENDIX A
Table 1. Relative susceptibility of wheat varieties to Hessian fly in Alabama, 2009. Summary of four separate studies (see following sections).
Variety Percent Infested Stems Belle Mina1 Fairhope2 Headland3 No. commercial fields with a given Hessian fly infestation4 none low moderate high

GA Gore 100 71 1 2 1 1 Panola 100 75 Progeny 136 100 63 AGS 2031 97 41 Progeny 130 93 69 32 Progeny 117 92 57 Terral LA 841 92 50 Merl (VA 03W-412) 84 63 GA 991371-6E12 80 24 Progeny 119 80 39 McNair 701 76 12 AGS 2035 (GA 98162272 35 5E35) Jamestown 72 76 VA 04W-259 72 50 0 1 0 0 AGS 2020 70 7 UAP Baldwin (GA 9816215E34) 68 14 GA 991336-6E9 68 33 Progeny 185 64 47 1 Oglethorpe 60 3 Terral TV 8170 60 13 Progeny 166 56 7 0 2 0 0 Terral LA 482 56 33 GA 991209-6E33 43 7 VA 04W-90 43 15 39 0 1 0 0 Magnolia 36 67 0 AGS 2026 32 7 Terral TV 8589 24 0 AGS 2055 20 7 Terral TV 8558 20 4 1 0 0 0 1 AGS 2010 1 0 0 0 AGS 2060 13 43 36 Coker_9804 9 2 2 0 0 Pioneer_variety 26R61 28 SS_8404 38 0 4 3 3 USG_3209 0 3 3 0 AGS 2000 0 1 0 0 AGS 2020 0 0 1 0 Coker 9553 0 3 3 2 Coker 9663 1 2 0 0 EK 102 1 4 0 2 Pioneer variety 26R22 0 2 0 0 Pioneer variety 26R87 1 0 0 0 SS520 1 see table 2; 2 see table 4; 3 see table 5; 4low infestation= 1-20% of stems infested; moderate=21-45% stems infested; high=>45% stems infested with Hessian fly

2

APPENDIX A
Hessian fly variety test in Belle Mina, AL 2008-2009. Three of the four “Biotype L” varieties yielded as well as or better than varieties chosen because they were widely planted in north Alabama, or because they had performed well in previous variety tests in north Alabama. These three varieties (Oglethorpe, AGS 2026, and Pioneer 26R61) had very few Hessian flies. The poorest yielding variety, USG 3209, known to be susceptible to most biotypes of Hessian flies, was among the four varieties with the highest Hessian fly infestation. AGS 2010, chosen because of its purported Hessian fly resistance, had the next to the lowest yield in the trials. In this trial, only 1% of the AGS 2010 stems were infested with Hessian fly. However, a field of AGS 2010 not far from Belle Mina was heavily infested with Hessian fly. This variety should probably be avoided in the Tennessee Valley region until its resistance status is clarified. Table 2. Spring Hessian Fly Infestation and Yield of Hessian Fly Resistant and Susceptible Varieties, Tennessee Research and Extension Center, Belle Mina, AL 20082009. % Hessian fly Variety Reason for planting infested stems1 Yield (bu/A)2 Test weight3 Oglethorpe Biotype L resistant 1.23 b 83.7 a 56.5 c AGS_2026 Biotype L resistant 0.00 b 80.4 ab 56.3 c Pioneer_26R61 Biotype L resistant 8.89 b 77.3 abc 58.8 a SS_8404 Good variety for 28.27 a 76.4 bc 58.3 a Tenn, Valley Progeny_117 Good variety for 32.00 a 73.7 c 56.2 c Tenn. Valley Coker_9804 Good variety for 35.60 a 73.3 c 56.5 c Tenn. Valley Magnolia Good variety for 39.16 a 72.8 c 56.0 c Tenn. Valley AGS_2010 Biotype L resistant 1.04 b 72.3 c 57.3 b USG_3209 Susceptible control 37.51 a 60.4 d 54.2 d LSD ~8.0% 6.6 bu 0.67 lb (0.3radians) Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different, Tukey’s LSD, alpha=0.05 level. 1 t groupings based on lsd of arcsin sqrt transformation of proportion infested stems. For convenience, the mean percent infested stems is indicated here. Based on 3 replications, 30 stems per plot cut at ground level, so percent infestation reflects spring infestation. Plots were sampled on April 22, during head emergence. 2 adjusted to 60 lb/bushel at 13.5% moisture 3 adjusted to 13.5% moisture Planting details: 5 X 20 foot plots planted October 29, 2008. 22 seeds per row foot. Four replications RCBD. Harvested June 8, 2009. 3

APPENDIX A
Hessian fly variety test in Prattville, AL 2008-2009. The four “Biotype-L” resistant varieties yielded as well as or better than varieties chosen because they were widely planted in central Alabama, or because they had performed well in previous variety tests in central Alabama. There were too few Hessian flies in the plot to evaluate. Therefore, we were not able to confirm the resistance status of the four “Biotype L” varieties. The poorest yielding variety, USG 3209, was observed to be heavily infested with leaf rust. Test weights were lower in this test than in the test in Belle Mina. The lush growth along with strong spring storms resulted in considerable lodging. Georgia Gore had the highest percentage of lodged stems. Table 3. Yield of Hessian Fly Resistant and Susceptible Varieties, Prattville Field, Prattville, AL 2008-2009. Variety Reason for Yield Lodging at Plant Test 1,2 planting (bu/A) harvest (%) height (in) weight3 USG 3592 Good variety 69.9 a 34 ab 42 a 56.1 for central AL AGS_2010 Biotype L 69.0 ab 26 ab 38 bc 54.3 resistant AGS_2026 Biotype L 60.0 abc 51 abc 35 c 51.8 resistant Oglethorpe Biotype L 56.6 abc 50 abc 37 c 52.1 resistant Pioneer_26R61 Biotype L 54.8 abc 22.5 a 41 ab 55.1 resistant Coker 9553 Standard for 49.8 bc 36 ab 38 bc 53.5 central AL AGS 2020 Good variety 48.3 bc 65 bc 37 c 52.9 for central AL Georgia Gore Standard for 43.8 c 84 c 38 bc 52.1 central AL USG_32092 Susceptible 41.7 c 38 ab 35 c 51.8 control LSD 19.8 40% 3 in. bu Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different, Tukey’s LSD, alpha=0.05 level.
1 2

adjusted to 60 lb/bushel at 13.5% moisture Severely infected with leaf rust 3 Adjusted to 13.5% moisture Planting details: 5 X 22 foot plots planted October 14, 2008. 20 seeds per row foot. Harvested June 10, 2009.

4

APPENDIX A
Evaluation of the Fairhope Small Grain Variety Test for Hessian Fly, 2008-2009. Hessian fly pressure was very high in this variety test. Data on Hessian fly should be used in conjunction with yield data from this test in order to choose varieties that yielded well but had relatively low Hessian fly infestation. See the variety test section of Alabamacrops.com for yield data. Varieties with known H13 Hessian fly resistance (Oglethorpe and AGS 2026) tended to have fewer Hessian flies than varieties with no Hessian fly resistance or with known H7H8 resistance. Previous lab tests from this location showed that the H7H8 gene is 0% effective, and the H13 resistance gene is 58% effective on Hessian fly populations from this location. This test shows that, if the fly pressure is high enough, high rates of infestation are possible with H13 .
Table 4. Hessian fly infestations in the GCREC Small Grain Variety Tests, Fairhope, AL, 2009. Hessian fly infested Number of stems (%)1 stems Plant health2 n Wheat GA Gore Panola Progeny 136 AGS 2031 Progeny 130 Progeny 117 Terral LA 841 Merl (VA 03W-412) GA 991371-6E12 Progeny 119 McNair 701 AGS 2035 (GA 981622-5E35) Jamestown VA 04W-259 AGS 2020 UAP Baldwin (GA 981621-5E34) GA 991336-6E9 Progeny 185 Oglethorpe3 Terral TV 8170 Progeny 166 Terral LA 482 GA 991209-6E33 VA 04W-90 Magnolia AGS 20263 Terral TV 8589 AGS 2055 Terral TV 8558 AGS 2060 100 100 100 97 93 92 92 84 80 80 76 72 72 72 70 68 68 64 60 60 56 56 43 43 36 32 24 20 20 13 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 1 1 1 1.3 2 1.3 2 1 2 1 1.3 2 2 1.7 2 2 2 1 2 2 1.7 1.7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1.7 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

6

APPENDIX A
Table 4 (cont.)
n Triticale 25 1 3 RSI 202718 92 25 1 3 RSI 202765 72 25 2 3 Trical 336 60 25 2 3 RSI 342 17 25 2 3 Trical 2700 0 1 Plants were dug from three 8” lengths of row in each plot from Rep 1. From this sample, Twenty-five stems were examined per plot to see if they were infested with Hessian fly. 2 Ratings made on May 6, 2009. At that time the plants were dried down and ready to harvest. This made it hard to estimate the impact on plant health by Hessian fly, so only two classes were used. : 1=poor-fair plant health; 2= good to excellent plant health. 3 Known to contain H13 gene for Hessian fly resistance Hessian fly infested stems (%)1 Number of stems Plant health2

What do the plant health results mean? Examining stems to see if they are infested with Hessian fly is a time consuming process. Therefore, stems were evaluated in only one replication. It was hoped that the Hessian fly infestation would be related to visual estimates of general plant health. General plant health was estimated for all three replications. Was the visual estimate of plant health related to Hessian fly infestation? Looking at Rep 1, varieties given a rating of 1 (poor-fair plant health) were heavily infested with Hessian fly. The exception was AGS 2060, which had few Hessian flies but did not look good. Perhaps a vernalization problem? For plots given a rating of 2 (good-excellent health) there was no relationship with percent of stems infested with Hessian fly.

7

APPENDIX A
Evaluation of the Headland Small Grain Variety Test for Hessian Fly, 2008-2009. Hessian fly pressure was very high in this variety test. Data on Hessian fly should be used in conjunction with yield data from this test in order to choose varieties that yielded well but had low Hessian fly infestation. See the variety test section of Alabamacrops.com for yield data for the varieties in this test. Previous lab tests from this location showed that the H7H8 gene is 0% effective, and the H13 resistance gene is 36% effective on Hessian fly populations from this location. Oglethorpe and AGS 2026, known to have H13 resistance, had among the lowest levels of fly infestation, and the highest plant health scores. Table 5. Hessian fly infestations from Wiregrass Research and Extension Center Small Grain Variety Tests, Headland, AL, 2009.
Hessian fly infested stems (%)1 Number of stems Plant health score2 n

Wheat Jamestown Panola GA Gore Progeny 130 Magnolia Merl (VA 03W-412) Progeny 136 Progeny 117 Terral LA 841 VA 04W-259 Progeny 185 AGS 2060 AGS 2031 Progeny 119 AGS 2035 (GA 981622-5E35) GA 991336-6E9 Terral LA 482 GA 991371-6E12 VA 04W-90 UAP Baldwin(GA 981621-5E34) Terral TV 8170 McNair 701 Progeny 166 AGS 2055 AGS 2020 GA 991209-6E33 AGS 2026 Terral TV 8558 Oglethorpe Terral TV 8589

76 75 71 69 67 63 63 57 50 50 47 43 41 39 35 33 33 24 15 14 13 12 7 7 7 7 7 4 3 0

33 16 14 16 27 19 30 14 30 26 30 30 17 18 34 30 30 29 27 28 30 25 28 29 29 28 30 27 29 30

5.3 2.5 3 3 4 1.3 2 2 4.3 2 3.3 4 2.3 3.3 6 5.3 4.7 5.3 5.3 5.3 4.7 3.7 4 5 4 5.7 6 5 6 4

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

8

APPENDIX A
Table 5 (cont.) Hessian fly infested stems (%)1 Triticale Trical 336 RSI 342 RSI 202718 Trical 2700 RSI 202765
1

Number of stems 8 30 22 30 6

Plant health score2 2 4 2 5.3 2

n 3 3 3 3 3

63 47 41 20 17

based on 30 stems that were cut at ground level per plot, unless plant stems in plots were predominantly unjointed. In these plots, cutting at ground level seriously underestimated the Hessian fly infestation, because the most of the Hessian flies occurred at or below ground level.. The estimate of infestation in plants with very few jointed stems came from plants that were dug, rather than stems that were cut off just above ground level. 2 Plant health score based on visual rating of plant health on a scale of 1-6 where 6 = excellent, 5=very good, 4=good,3=fair,2=poor, 1=very poor

What do the plant health scores mean? Examining stems to see if they are infested with Hessian fly is a time consuming process. Therefore, stems were evaluated in only one replication. General plant health was estimated for all three replications.
Were the plant health scores related to Hessian fly infestation? The Hessian fly pressure in the Headland Small Grain Variety Tests was so severe that, with two exceptions, plots given a health rating of very poor (1) to fair (3) had very high infestations of Hessian flies (see results from Rep 1 graphed below). The two exceptions were triticale RS12-2765 and wheat McNair 701. These varieties had poor to fair plant health that was unrelated to Hessian fly. Plots given a rating of 5 or 6 (very good to excellent) were plots that had low numbers of Hessian flies. Plots given a rating of 4 could have many Hessian flies or few Hessian flies.

9

APPENDIX A
Varieties with very low average scores (3 or less) were probably heavily infested with Hessian flies, with the exception of triticale RS1202765 and wheat McNair 70. Varieties with very high average scores (5 or greater) probably had lower infestations of Hessian fly. In the graph below, the average health score (3 reps) is plotted against the percent of infested stems in Rep 1. The exceptions were (circled in red (RSI 202765), and circled in blue (Jamestown).

10