Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 2006 Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 278 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Richard Guthrie, Director Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, December 2006 Printed in cooperation with the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) Appreciation is expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris, Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center; Tony Dawkins, Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center; Don Moore, Prattville Research Unit; Bobby Durbin and Steve Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Randy Akridge, Brewton Research Unit; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Research and Extension Center; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. Issued in furtherarnce of Cooperative Extension work in agriculture and home economic, Acts of May 8, and June 30, 1914, and other related acts, in cooperation with the U.S. department of Agriculture. The Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) offers educational programs, materials, and equal opportunity employment to all people without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, veteran status, or disbility TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................4 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 2006 Corn Hybrid Tests ...........................................5 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Northern Alabama, 2004-2006 ...................................................................................................................................6 Table 3. 2006 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama ..................................................................................................................7 Table 4. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 2006 .............9 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 5. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn at Prattville in Central Alabama, 2004-2006 ...................................................................................................11 Table 6. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for the No-Till Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 2004-2006 ..........................................................13 SOUTH ALABAMA Table 7. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Southern Alabama, 2004-2006 .................................................................................................................................15 Table 8. Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama, 2006 ......................................................................................................16 Table 9. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 2004-2006 ....17 RAINFALL, SOIL TYPES AND SEED SOURCES Table 10. Growing Season Rainfall, 2004-2006 ......................................................................................18 Table 11. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 2006 ..............................................................................................19 Sources of 2006 Corn Hybrid Test Seed ................................................................................................19 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA K.M. Glass and E. van Santen Agricultural Program Associate. and Professor, Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849 INTRODUCTION Selected corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central and southern regions of the State. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at two locations in the northern region, one location in the central region and three locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at Belle Mina and Headland. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 25,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 28,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Belle Mina, Tallassee and Headland are seeded to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 lbs) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All test were conducted in randomized complete block designs and analyzed accordingly. It is important to keep in mind that genotype x environment interaction is common in multi-year and multi-location mean. This interaction usually is an indication that the relative rankings of varieties change from one environment to the next. Thus, one cannot draw widespread conclusions if the interaction is significant. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation, it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are “true” or “real” differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a “least significant difference” (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. With this in mind, it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSD’s EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 5 vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low, a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CV’s of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the “risk level” of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 10) and soil types (Table 11) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. TABLE 1. LOCATIONS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 2006 CORN HYBRID TRIALS Planting date Nitrogen rate lbs/ac Plant pop. seeds/ac Date harvested Herbicides used NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Belle Mina) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 28 175 Regular test (irrigated) March 29 200 Sand Mountain Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Crossville) Regular test April 6 145 Early test No trial Preliminary test No trial 25,000 30,000 25,000 August 16 August 23 September 1,5 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual - CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) No-Till Early corn test March 27 Early test No trial Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Preliminary test No trial Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Regular test March 29 150 120 30,000 25,000 August 9 August 15 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) Regular test March 20 Wiregrass Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Headland) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 21 Regular test (irrigated) March 20 Gulf Coast Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Fairhope) Regular test March 14 Early test No trial 120 160 220 130 25,000 25,000 30,000 25,000 August 22 Not harvested August 29, 30 August 8 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual - Preliminary test † No trial Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 2. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 2004-2006 Brand name - hybrid Croplan Genetics 895BT Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 AgraTech 755RRBt Dekalb DKC 69-71 Vigoro V 58YR2 Dekalb DKC 63-81 (RR2/YGCB) Terral TV25BR23 (RR/YGCB) Dyna Gro 58P59 Pioneer 31G68 (YGCB) Dekalb DKC 61-45 (RR2/YGCB) Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Terral TV25R31 (RR) Dyna Gro 58K40 Dekalb DKC 61-72 (RR2) Garst 8450IT Pioneer 33M54 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------144 121 143 117 140 122 140 112 . 125 . 124 . 124 . 124 . 123 . 123 . 122 . 122 . 118 . 115 . 112 . 107 . 103 142 5 10 118 5 9 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------3.8 4.9 6.5 9.1 3.5 4.9 1.9 2.2 . 4.0 . 7.2 . 6.6 . 4.8 . 3.1 . 1.7 . 5.0 . 7.0 . 7.3 . 11.7 . 12 . 7 . 11 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 7 TABLE 3. 2006 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA Belle Mina 34 35 33 44 32 32 40 22 33 24 24 19 25 33 28 19 24 27 27 20 19 30 28 19 26 16 26 Crossville 127 125 127 114 126 124 113 128 117 126 126 129 121 113 118 125 120 116 116 124 122 111 113 122 114 124 114 2006 regional averages Test- Mid- Husk Harvest Yield Lodging weight silk cover moisture -- % -lb/bu mo-day -- % -- Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 62-31 (YGCB) Garst 8380 IT DynaGro CX 05415 Dekalb DKC 63-81 (RR2/YGCB) AgraTech X 41751CRW Terral TV25R31 (RR) Dekalb DKC 64-27 (RR2) Garst 8295 YG1/RR Southern States SS 96012 Terral TV25BR23 (RR/YGCB) DynaGro CX 06319 Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) Dekalb DKC 61-22 (RR2) DynaGro 58P45 Garst 8248 RR Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Pioneer 31G68 (YGCB) Southern States SS 804 Dekalb DKC 61-45 (RR2/YGCB) AgraTech 755RRBt Vigoro V 58YR2 Terral TV26BR61 Terral TVX25BR601 Garst 8247 YG1 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt ---------- bu/acre ----------- 81 80 80 79 79 78 76 75 75 75 75 74 73 73 73 72 72 72 72 72 71 70 70 70 70 70 70 1.5 3.8 4.8 6.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 0.5 2.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 3.9 2.6 4.3 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.3 2.3 1.0 1.1 3.1 0.8 3.0 1.0 1.4 54.2 53.8 55.1 57.2 54.7 55.4 57.1 54.4 56.6 54.8 55.4 56.2 56.0 56.7 54.8 55.8 53.7 55.6 55.3 53.7 54.1 56.0 56.3 54.8 53.2 54.6 53.6 6-16 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-18 6-16 6-19 6-15 6-19 6-20 6-17 6-16 6-20 6-21 6-17 6-8 6-20 6-17 6-21 6-19 6-18 6-20 6-20 6-20 6-20 6-19 1.3 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 11.0 13.2 11.9 12.0 11.9 13.3 12.6 16.8 12.0 13.5 15.8 12.2 11.7 14.1 14.8 12.3 11.7 13.0 12.3 12.7 13.7 14.1 15.7 15.6 13.4 12.0 13.9 continued 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTINUED TABLE 3. Brand name - hybrid Garst 8246 Dekalb DKC 61-72 (RR2) Garst 8353 CB/LL Terral TVX25BR602 Terral TV26BR41 (RR/YGCB) Pioneer 31N28 Dyna Gro 58P59 Dyna Gro 58K40 Croplan Genetics 895BT Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Pioneer 33Y45 Garst 8450IT Southern States SS 96013 Pioneer 31D58 Dekalb DKC 69-72 DynaGro 57P12 Pioneer 33V15 Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 31P41 Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) Belle Mina 23 25 28 27 20 10 21 30 21 25 24 21 18 14 14 24 18 21 18 16 19 12 14 24 9 40 Crossville 115 114 110 110 115 125 113 104 112 109 109 111 113 114 114 104 109 105 106 103 100 101 98 115 13 12 2006 regional averages Test- Mid- Husk Harvest Yield Lodging weight silk cover moisture -- % -lb/bu mo-day -- % -- ---------- bu/acre ----------- 69 69 69 68 68 67 67 67 67 67 67 66 65 64 64 64 63 63 62 59 59 57 56 70 7 17 5.0 6.8 0.5 1.6 1.8 3.3 0.6 6.4 0.4 1.9 1.4 1.1 0.8 5.3 3.6 2.0 4.6 3.1 1.3 4.0 5.1 2.5 0.3 54.5 55.0 55.1 57.4 53.6 57.8 53.2 55.5 54.3 53.3 57.5 54.0 55.5 58.3 55.2 54.3 58.1 56.8 54.2 57.5 57.0 54.9 56.6 6-20 6-16 6-18 6-17 6-18 6-21 6-21 6-19 6-20 6-10 6-20 6-16 6-21 6-20 6-22 6-19 6-18 6-21 6-22 6-20 6-20 6-22 6-22 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 13.2 11.2 11.9 11.8 13.2 12.8 13.9 13.3 16.3 14.6 13.4 12.7 13.9 11.7 12.1 13.8 12.1 13.4 13.3 11.9 13.5 14.2 13.7 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 9 TABLE 4. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 2004-2006 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid AgraTech 755RRBt Croplan Genetics 895BT Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Dyna Gro 58P59 Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Vigoro V 58YR2 Dekalb DKC 61-45 (RR2/YGCB) Pioneer 31G68 (YGCB) Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Terral TV25BR23 (RR/YGCB) Dekalb DKC 63-81 (RR2/YGCB) Dyna Gro 58K40 Terral TV25R31 (RR) Garst 8450IT Pioneer 33M54 Dekalb DKC 61-72 (RR2) Garst 8247 YG1 Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) Garst 8248 RR Terral TV26BR41 (RR/YGCB) Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt Terral TV26BR61 Garst 8246 DynaGro 57P12 DynaGro CX 06319 Dekalb DKC 64-27 (RR2) 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ------- bu/acre ------197 193 185 184 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 179 166 163 196 195 195 192 189 185 182 181 180 174 172 170 157 . . . . . . . . . . 186 170 148 151 175 179 182 180 174 176 165 165 170 172 172 175 162 203 194 192 189 188 185 184 184 183 178 Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ----------- % --------15.0 13.6 11.9 14.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.6 17.1 15.8 20.9 10.6 21.9 15.4 3.4 13.4 14.9 20.0 12.1 17.1 13.4 14.0 14.6 19.9 . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 2.8 0.3 3.3 1.3 1.3 2.0 0.5 3.5 1.8 0.8 3.0 3.8 5.0 2.8 3.3 4.5 4.3 0.8 7.0 4.3 1.3 0.5 6.8 3.3 0.8 4.0 Test- Mid- Husk Harvest weight silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -57 59 58 56 56 56 57 59 57 57 58 61 60 58 57 61 58 59 60 59 57 58 59 59 58 58 60 6-11 6-9 6-16 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-12 6-10 6-8 6-14 6-9 6-10 6-11 6-8 6-9 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-12 6-11 6-10 6-11 6-9 6-6 2.3 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.3 3.3 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 3.3 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.3 16.6 19.0 17.8 15.4 15.4 16.1 16.7 14.1 15.4 16.1 15.1 14.7 17.1 16.2 14.8 15.6 13.1 17.2 16.6 16.3 16.1 16.6 16.5 16.5 16.7 17.5 14.9 continued 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION CONTINUED TABLE 4. Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Garst 8380 IT Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt DynaGro 58P45 Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Garst 8295 YG1/RR Garst 8353 CB/LL Southern States SS 96012 Southern States SS 96013 Terral TVX25BR602 Pioneer 33V15 Pioneer 31D58 Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 Pioneer 33Y45 Dekalb DKC 62-31 (YGCB) Pioneer 31N28 Terral TVX25BR601 DynaGro CX 05415 Southern States SS 804 Pioneer 31P41 AgraTech X 41751CRW Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Dekalb DKC 61-22 (RR2) Dekalb DKC 69-72 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 7 7 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 9 8 2006 178 178 176 175 173 172 171 171 171 170 170 170 170 170 168 164 163 163 162 161 161 160 144 173 23 15 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lodging 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2006 3.5 3.3 1.0 2.0 1.8 0.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 4.8 5.8 2.8 2.8 2.5 4.8 0.5 6.0 4.0 6.3 4.3 2.5 8.0 6.5 Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day 57 60 60 56 59 58 60 60 61 61 61 59 61 59 62 60 58 58 60 57 59 59 60 6-10 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-8 6-8 6-5 6-13 6-11 6-9 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-9 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-12 6-9 6-9 6-7 6-9 6-15 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.0 2.0 3.8 2.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 3.0 2.8 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 3.0 2.8 Husk Harvest cover moisture -- % -15.3 15.2 17.1 16.0 17.7 15.0 13.8 16.2 14.9 15.5 16.1 16.2 16.0 15.4 16.4 17.4 14.2 14.8 15.6 13.5 14.4 13.7 15.5 ------- bu/acre ------- ----------- % --------- † The 2006 irrigated test received 8.3 inches of water. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 11 TABLE 5. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN AT PRATTVILLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2004-2006 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Terral TV25R31 (RR) Terral TV26BR41 (RR/YGCB) Dyna Gro 58K40 Terral TV25BR23 (RR/YGCB) Southern States SS 804 Pioneer 33M54 Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Garst 8247 YG1 Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) Garst 8248 RR DynaGro CX 05415 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Garst 8380 IT Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt Croplan Genetics 895BT Garst 8246 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ------- bu/acre -------121 121 112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 85 81 98 96 94 92 92 80 77 . . . . . . . . . 29 26 30 45 40 32 37 37 33 27 47 44 44 44 43 42 41 41 41 Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ------------ % ---------0.7 0.3 1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 0.4 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.5 1.4 1.0 . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.0 0.3 1.8 0.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.3 2.0 5.0 2.8 0.8 1.3 2.3 1.3 0.8 TestHusk Harvest weight Mid- silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -54 56 54 54 52 56 53 54 56 49 53 55 52 54 52 52 52 53 50 6-12 6-13 6-12 6-10 6-11 6-12 6-12 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-10 6-12 6-8 6-10 6-11 6-11 6-12 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.0 8.7 9.5 9.1 8.9 8.9 8.9 9.4 9.2 8.8 9.5 9.3 8.7 8.9 8.9 8.8 9.3 8.9 9.1 9.2 continued 12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 5. CONTINUED Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 33V15 Pioneer 31G68 (YGCB) Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) DynaGro CX 06319 Garst 8295 YG1/RR Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Pioneer 31R87 Terral TV26BR61 Garst 8353 CB/LL Pioneer 31P41 Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt Terral TVX25BR602 Pioneer 31N26 (RR2) Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Southern States SS 96013 Southern States SS 96012 Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT DynaGro 58P45 Pioneer 31D58 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Terral TVX25BR601 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 6 9 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 7 11 2006 39 39 39 38 37 37 37 37 37 37 36 34 33 33 32 31 29 29 28 27 26 25 36 8 25 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lodging 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2006 5.5 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 2.0 3.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.5 0.3 0.0 1.0 0.5 3.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 TestHusk Harvest weight Mid- silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day 56 51 53 54 56 53 51 54 55 52 56 54 56 56 56 52 52 50 54 57 52 55 6-9 6-12 6-11 6-9 6-10 6-10 6-13 6-11 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-12 6-11 6-9 6-13 6-13 6-10 6-13 6-11 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.0 -- % -9.4 9.0 8.8 9.4 8.5 9.2 9.0 8.8 9.1 9.1 8.7 8.6 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.3 9.7 9.2 8.5 9.0 8.9 9.2 ------- bu/acre -------- ------------ % ---------- EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 13 TABLE 6. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR THE NO-TILL EARLY CORN TEST AT SHORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2004-2006. Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Terral TV25R31 (RR) Terral TV25BR23 (RR/YGCB) Terral TV26BR41 (RR/YGCB) Dyna Gro 58K40 Pioneer 33M54 Southern States SS 96012 Pioneer 31G68 (YGCB) DynaGro CX 06319 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Pioneer 31R87 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Garst 8353 CB/LL Pioneer 33V15 DynaGro CX 05415 Garst 8246 Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt Croplan Genetics 895BT Garst 8248 RR Garst 8247 YG1 Garst 8380 IT DynaGro 58P45 Southern States SS 96013 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ------ bu/acre ------122 113 113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 81 75 81 77 76 72 66 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 15 21 26 21 22 23 21 36 35 33 33 32 30 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 26 25 25 25 Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ------------ % ---------0.8 -0.0 0.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.3 0.1 0.9 -0.0 -0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Test- Mid- Husk Harvest weight silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -55 55 60 55 55 54 56 56 55 52 55 55 54 54 55 57 55 55 54 55 54 55 54 56 54 6-10 6-10 6-7 6-5 6-4 6-4 6-8 6-6 6-1 6-4 6-4 6-1 6-5 6-3 6-3 6-3 6-6 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-5 6-3 6-4 6-9 6-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 15.1 14.5 13.6 13.3 12.3 12.6 12.9 12.0 12.2 13.7 12.7 12.7 13.0 12.3 13.0 12.6 13.1 12.9 13.6 13.5 13.1 12.6 12.3 13.1 continued 14 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 6. CONTINUED Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Garst 8295 YG1/RR Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) Terral TVX25BR602 Terral TVX25BR601 Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Terral TV26BR61 Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Southern States SS 804 Pioneer 31D58 Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Pioneer 31P41 Pioneer 31N26 (RR2) Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 10 16 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 7 13 2006 24 24 24 23 22 22 22 20 20 18 17 16 13 12 11 11 23 8 37 3-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lodging 2-yr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2006 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Test- Mid- Husk Harvest weight silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day 54 56 56 56 55 55 54 56 54 56 56 53 55 54 55 55 6-4 6-2 6-6 6-7 6-6 6-5 6-4 6-7 6-8 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-9 6-10 6-8 6-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -- % -13.8 12.7 12.8 13.0 12.5 12.7 13.3 13.0 12.4 13.3 13.4 13.0 13.4 12.6 13.3 12.6 ------ bu/acre ------- ------------ % ---------- EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 15 TABLE 7. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 2004-2006† Brand name - hybrid Croplan Genetics 895BT Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dyna Gro 58K40 Vigoro V 62R66 Pioneer 33M54 Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Vigoro V 58YR2 Pioneer 31N26 (RR2) Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------101 82 100 77 98 77 96 78 89 71 . 92 . 88 . 86 . 85 . 83 . 83 . 82 97 6 17 82 8 21 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------5.5 8.3 4.7 7.0 3.7 5.5 4.3 6.1 4.3 6.4 . 2.8 . 6.2 . 2.4 . 9.1 . 8.1 . 2.8 . 7.8 † Two- and three-year averages based on Brewton and Headland data only. 16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 8. 2006 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA 2006 regional averages Fair- Brew- HeadLodg- TestMid- Husk Harvest hope ton land Yield ing weight silk cover1 moist. -- % -- lb/bu mo-day -- % --------- bu/acre --------120 113 114 113 113 122 116 103 112 106 108 104 111 106 103 108 98 104 101 93 101 95 97 108 98 93 103 91 106 13 14 64 69 66 67 65 55 62 74 62 67 65 67 56 58 60 55 62 54 55 63 51 57 55 37 46 50 39 45 58 8 16 92 91 90 90 89 89 89 88 87 87 86 85 84 82 82 81 80 79 78 78 76 76 76 72 72 72 71 68 82 6 12 3.1 1.9 3.3 5.4 1.5 0.4 4.1 1.3 2.4 1.8 1.1 1.5 2.5 7.1 2.0 0.0 1.8 1.5 5.8 2.3 1.5 6.5 6.3 1.8 2.5 1.0 3.4 1.5 53 57 53 51 56 57 54 52 56 52 53 56 55 53 53 56 55 53 52 53 53 56 54 57 52 53 52 54 5-29 5-28 5-30 5-30 5-29 5-30 5-30 5-28 5-28 5-29 5-30 5-30 5-30 5-28 5-28 5-29 5-30 5-29 5-31 5-29 5-31 5-31 5-31 6-1 5-31 5-28 5-31 5-31 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 14.5 14.9 15.5 15.4 14.4 15.3 14.4 14.9 14.7 15.6 15.5 15.5 14.5 15.4 15.0 15.7 15.2 15.7 14.6 14.7 15.4 14.5 14.6 15.7 15.0 14.8 15.8 16.7 Brand name - hybrid Vigoro V 58YR2 DynaGro CX 06319 Dyna Gro 58K40 Vigoro V 62R66 DynaGro CX 05415 Pioneer 31P41 Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt Southern States SS 804 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 DynaGro 58P45 Pioneer 33M54 Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Croplan Genetics 895BT Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) Pioneer 31D58 Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt Pioneer 31N26 (RR2) Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Dekalb DKC 69-71 Southern States SS 96013 Southern States SS 96012 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Dekalb DKC 67-60 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) ‡ Headland location not harvested due to severe drought. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 17 TABLE 9. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, HEADLAND, ALABAMA, 2004-2006 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Croplan Genetics 895BT Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Vigoro V 62R66 Pioneer 31N26 (RR2) Dyna Gro 58K40 Pioneer 33M54 Croplan Genetics 851RR2/BT Vigoro V 58YR2 Croplan Genetics 731HX/LL Pioneer 31D58 Croplan Genetics 799 RR2 Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Pioneer 31P41 DynaGro CX 05415 Croplan Genetics 751 RR2/Bt DynaGro 58P45 Southern States SS 842RR2/YGCB Southern States SS 804 Southern States SS 96013 Dekalb DKC 64-81 (YGCB) DynaGro CX 06319 Croplan Genetics 780 RR2/Bt Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Dekalb DKC 66-23 (RR2/YGCB) Southern States SS 96012 Test Average LSD0.10 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ---------- bu/acre 170 165 158 153 146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 10 12 170 177 159 169 160 184 177 172 167 166 163 143 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 11 10 186 199 178 188 182 188 192 192 189 187 199 184 203 198 193 190 190 190 187 187 186 186 183 181 173 169 169 156 186 19 11 Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2006 ---------------- % 6.5 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.9 9.4 9.8 6.8 8.3 10.8 7.0 12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 7.8 6.8 8.0 5.0 4.5 8.5 2.0 6.0 12.8 5.0 15.0 6.8 9.8 13.8 0.8 4.5 7.5 14.0 38.3 5.0 13.5 2.8 19.8 16.0 11.8 14.3 5.3 Test- Mid- Husk Harvest weight silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -59 60 59 58 56 60 61 60 60 55 58 56 59 57 56 57 56 56 59 56 58 59 57 56 58 58 57 55 5-25 5-30 5-29 5-29 5-29 5-29 5-26 5-31 5-29 5-31 5-29 5-30 5-29 5-29 5-25 5-29 5-30 5-30 5-31 5-31 5-31 5-26 5-29 5-25 5-31 5-31 5-26 5-25 2.5 2.5 1.8 2.5 3.5 1.8 2.8 2.8 3.3 3.3 2.5 3.5 2.0 2.8 3.0 2.5 3.8 3.0 3.0 3.3 1.8 3.3 3.3 2.5 2.8 2.8 3.8 4.0 14.8 15.2 14.6 13.9 13.3 13.5 15.3 14.7 15.5 12.7 13.2 12.7 14.0 13.3 13.6 14.1 13.5 13.4 15.2 14.6 13.4 14.3 14.3 14.0 13.2 16.0 13.6 12.9 † The 2006 irrigated test received 7.65 inches of water in 10 applications. A heavy stinkbug infes tation was reported in both 2004 and 2005 18 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 10. GROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 2004-2006. ---------------------------- Monthly rainfall in inches --------------------------Location Belle Mina 2006 2005 2004 Crossville 2006 2005 2004 Shorter 2006 2005 2004 Prattville 2006 2005 2004 Brewton 2006 2005 2004 Fairhope 2006 2005 2004 Headland 2006 2005 2004 0.7 5.5 0.5 1.2 9.2 4.4 4.1 3.1 3.4 2.6 11.1 9.8 2.7 5.3 4.4 3.5 8.8 2.1 4.6 2.2 7.1 19.4 45.2 31.7 0.4 4.3 0.7 6.1 20.5 2.3 3.2 7.1 2.0 1.3 10.4 10.8 5.4 11.4 4.7 4.2 11.4 8.3 5.3 4.7 12.6 25.9 69.8 41.4 2.8 6.4 1.0 2.8 14.2 6.6 7.0 3.3 4.3 2.7 8.0 14.6 3.6 9.8 4.9 8.9 7.4 5.3 4.0 10.1 8.6 31.8 59.2 45.3 5.3 8.5 1.4 2.2 6.8 3.5 3.1 3.4 5.2 0.8 4.0 8.8 3.4 9.2 1.9 2.5 4.3 5.7 3.2 3.2 6.0 20.5 39.4 32.5 3.7 11.1 0.8 1.9 7.8 3.1 3.6 2.2 4.0 1.2 3.1 7.4 2.3 10.1 2.4 4.9 3.2 4.9 3.1 2.0 6.4 20.7 39.5 29.0 2.8 7.0 4.2 6.6 4.6 2.9 3.6 2.4 5.5 2.9 5.0 7.3 1.2 7.2 4.6 1.9 3.2 4.0 5.5 2.0 8.5 24.5 31.4 37.0 2.0 3.6 5.5 4.9 5.4 4.3 4.2 1.4 3.2 1.8 3.7 5.1 2.4 6.6 7.8 2.5 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.5 20.9 27.6 32.5 Year Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 7-month Sept. total EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2006 19 TABLE 11. SOIL TYPES FOR CORN TRIALS, 2006. Test location North Soil type Belle Mina..................................................................................... Decatur silt loam Crossville ...................................................................................... Wynnville fine sandy loam Central Shorter ........................................................................................... Norfolk sandy loam Prattville ........................................................................................ Lucedale fine sandy loam South Brewton ......................................................................................... Benndale fine sandy loam Headland ....................................................................................... Dothan sandy loam Fairhope ........................................................................................ Malbis fine sandy loam SOURCE OF 2006 CORN HYBRID TRIAL SEED Seed Company Grabow Seed Services, Inc. P.O. Box 88823 Atlanta, GA 30356 Garst Seed Company P.O. Box 651 Ellaville, GA 31806 Land O’Lakes P.O. Box 614 Midland City, AL 36350 Monsanto Company 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd. St. Louis, MO 63167 Southern States 6606 West Broad St. Richmond, VA 23260 Brand AgraTech Seed Company Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., Inc. 7501 Memorial Parkway SW Huntsville, AL 35802 Royster-Clark, Inc. 717 Robinson Rd. SE Washington C.H, OH 43160 Terral Seed, Inc. P.O. Box 826 Lake Providence, LA 71254 UAP Southeast 25324 HSV-Brownsferry Rd Madison, AL 35756 Brand Pioneer Garst Vigoro Croplan TV Dekalb DKC Dyna-Gro SS