Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 2004 Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 263 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Michael C. Weiss, Director Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, November 2004 Printed in cooperation with the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris, Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center; Tony Dawkins, Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center; Don Moore, Prattville Research Unit; Bobby Durbin and Steve Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Randy Akridge, Brewton Research Unit; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Research and Extension Center; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center. Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. Issued in furtherarnce of Cooperative Extension work in agriculture and home economic, Acts of May 8, and June 30, 1914, and other related acts, in cooperation with the U.S. department of Agriculture. The Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) offers educational programs, materials, and equal opportunity employment to all people without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, veteran status, or disbility TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 2 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 2004 Corn Hybrid Tests ..................................................... 3 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Northern Alabama, 2002-2004 ........... 4 Table 3. 2004 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama .................................................................................................................... 5 Table 4. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 2004 ......................... 6 Table 5. Early Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Crossville, Alabama, 2002-2004 ....................... 7 Table 6. Preliminary Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Crossville, Alabama, 2002-2004 .............. 7 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 7. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn at Prattville in Central Alabama, 2002-2004 ................................................................................................................................... 8 Table 8. Preliminary Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Tallassee, Alabama, 2002-2004 ............... 9 Table 9. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for the No-Till Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 2002-2004 ....................................................................................... 10 Table 9. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for the Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 2002-2004 ....................................................................................... 10 SOUTH ALABAMA Table 11. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Southern Alabama, 2002-2004 .......... 11 Table 12. Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama, 2004 ......................................................................................................... 12 Table 13. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 2002-2004 ................. 13 Table 14. Early Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Fairhope, Alabama, 2002-2004 ...................... 14 Table 15. Preliminary Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Fairhope, Alabama, 2002-2004 ............. 14 RAINFALL, SOIL TYPES AND SEED SOURCES Table 16. Growing Season Rainfall, 2002-2004 .......................................................................................... 15 Table 17. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 2004 .................................................................................................. 16 Sources of 2004 Corn Hybrid Test Seed ...................................................................................................... 16 2 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA K.M. Glass and E. van Santen Agricultural Program Associate. and Professor, Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849 INTRODUCTION Selected corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central and southern regions of the State. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at two locations in the northern region, one location in the central region and three locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at Belle Mina and Headland. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Belle Mina, Tallassee and Headland are seeded to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 lbs) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All test were conducted in randomized complete block designs and analyzed accordingly. It is important to keep in mind that genotype x environment interaction is common in multi-year and multi-location mean. This interaction usually is an indication that the relative rankings of varieties change from one environment to the next. Thus, one cannot draw widespread conclusions if the interaction is significant. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation, it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are "true" or "real" differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a "least significant difference" (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. With this in mind, it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSD's vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) 3 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low, a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CV's of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the "risk level" of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 18) and soil types (Table 19) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. TABLE 1. LOCATIONS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 2004 CORN HYBRID TRIALS Location NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Belle Mina) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 24 Regular test (irrigated) March 24 Sand Mountain Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Crossville) Regular test April 6 Early test March 26 Preliminary test April 6 CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) No-Till Early corn test March 17 Early test March 17 Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Preliminary test March 30 Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Regular test April 1 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) Regular test (non-irrigated) April 28 Wiregrass Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Headland) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 23 Regular test (irrigated) March 19 Gulf Coast Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Fairhope) Regular test March 22 Early test March 18 Preliminary test March 22 † Planting date Nitrogen Rate† lbs/ac Plant pop. seeds/ac Date harvested Herbicides used 175 210 135 135 135 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 August 31 September 1 September 10 September 10 September 10 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual 150 150 140 120 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 August 9 August 9 August 19 August 28 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine 120 170 230 148 148 148 20,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 September 10 August 23 August 24 August 9 August 4 August 4 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 2. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Garst 8222IT Dyna-Gro 58K22 Pioneer 31R88 Garst 8288 Terral TV2160Bt Pioneer 34B24 AT 733RR Terral TV2140nRR Dyna-Gro 5515 Dekalb DKC 64-11 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Garst 8350 YG1 Garst 8200 YG1 Pioneer 31G66 Garst 8230IT Dyna-Gro 5518 Dekalb DKC 61-42 Pioneer 34B23 Pioneer 33V15 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------182 211 177 198 175 188 173 190 172 186 166 181 164 181 163 178 162 175 154 173 213 211 202 201 197 197 193 189 186 180 169 192 27.0 21.2 5.7 4.0 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------1.3 1.6 2.4 3.2 3.5 5.2 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.9 4.6 6.4 1.7 2.1 1.3 1.7 2.6 3.3 3.2 4.3 0.7 0.8 0.7 2.8 2.6 2.7 3.8 1.8 2.6 3.1 5 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 3. 2004 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA Belle Mina 196 199 186 202 191 201 184 183 173 203 176 190 182 175 181 181 171 201 183 183 180 173 178 181 187 182 182 188 173 183 171 167 179 186 184 17.3 3.3 Crossville 197 190 203 185 192 178 192 193 202 169 193 175 180 186 179 176 185 152 167 163 162 168 160 157 148 151 150 140 153 140 151 147 129 117 169 46.8 9.9 2004 regional averages TestMid- Husk Lodging weight silk cover -- % -lb/bu mo-day Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Dekalb DKC 64-11 Pioneer 31G98 Croplan Genetics 895BT Garst 8200 YG1 Croplan Genetics DS 830 Garst 8350 YG1 Dekalb DKC 61-42 Pioneer 31G66 Garst 8222IT Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Croplan Genetics 1167RR Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dekalb DKC 60-19 Pioneer 31R88 Garst 8230IT AgraTech 755RRBt Pioneer 34B23 AgraTech 855RR Garst 8288 AgraTech 727RR Pioneer 34B24 Dyna-Gro 5518 Dekalb DKC 63-52 Croplan Genetics 799BT AT 733RR Dyna-Gro 58K22 Croplan Genetics DS 822RR Terral TV2140nRR Pioneer 33V15 Dyna-Gro 5515 Croplan Genetics 872RR Terral TV2160Bt Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) Yield 197 195 194 194 192 190 188 188 188 186 184 183 181 180 180 178 178 177 175 173 171 170 169 169 167 167 166 164 163 161 161 157 154 151 176 25.0 5.0 Harvest moisture -- % -- ---------- bu/acre ----------- 1.3 1.4 1.3 2.9 1.6 4.6 4.5 1.4 2.9 4.1 5.3 2.6 3.1 3.1 1.1 3.0 4.9 0.8 4.9 1.0 3.4 2.1 3.6 7.3 2.3 2.5 3.0 9.8 6.4 6.3 5.8 8.6 6.8 12.3 60 60 59 59 59 60 60 60 58 59 60 60 59 60 58 59 57 58 60 59 59 60 60 58 58 60 59 57 58 58 60 59 59 60 6-14 6-14 6-12 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-10 6-8 6-13 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-7 6-14 6-14 6-11 6-10 6-14 6-11 6-14 6-13 6-14 6-7 6-10 6-12 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-10 6-14 6-14 6-14 3 2 3 3 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 1 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 15.7 17.4 15.0 15.3 17.3 17.0 16.1 16.0 14.3 16.0 16.9 16.7 14.9 16.6 15.3 16.8 17.1 15.6 14.7 16.7 16.5 14.6 16.0 14.7 15.4 15.9 15.3 15.2 16.9 15.3 15.1 15.7 16.1 16.1 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 4. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Dyna-Gro 58K22 Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2140nRR Pioneer 31R88 Garst 8288 Terral TV2160Bt AT 733RR Dyna-Gro 5515 Garst 8222IT Pioneer 34B24 Pioneer 31G66 Garst 8200 YG1 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dekalb DKC 61-42 Pioneer 33V15 Garst 8230IT Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst 8350 YG1 Dekalb DKC 64-11 Pioneer 34B23 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Dekalb DKC 63-52 Croplan Genetics DS 822RR Croplan Genetics DS 830 Croplan Genetics 895BT Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Croplan Genetics 799BT Dekalb DKC 60-19 AgraTech 755RRBt Croplan Genetics 1167RR AgraTech 855RR AgraTech 727RR Croplan Genetics 872RR Dekalb DKC 67-60 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) -------- bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 4.1 1.8 8.6 1.8 2.7 1.7 2.3 9.4 7.8 0.3 2-yr 5.1 2.1 11.6 2.1 3.5 2.3 2.9 13.1 11.1 0.3 1.9 4.5 2.6 7.5 2.3 2.1 6.9 6.0 1.9 2.6 2004 10.0 4.0 22.5 3.8 6.5 4.3 5.3 26.0 20.0 0.3 3.3 7.8 4.3 14.8 4.0 3.8 13.8 8.0 3.8 4.8 2.3 7.3 7.3 14.3 6.5 5.3 9.0 3.3 13.8 11.8 2.8 13.5 19.8 7.5 TestHusk weight Mid-silk cover lb/bu mo-day 3-yr 229 225 221 220 218 216 214 208 207 203 2-yr 231 231 218 231 219 215 204 202 216 206 246 233 230 228 223 223 220 217 214 211 2004 218 206 193 222 201 208 199 183 200 205 243 217 221 213 221 205 207 211 210 200 225 224 221 220 220 219 212 212 208 204 199 191 187 187 209 24.2 4.1 Harvest moisture -- % -- ------------ % ---------- 58 60 59 61 58 61 59 59 60 61 60 60 60 58 62 58 57 61 60 61 59 58 57 60 61 62 62 59 58 60 61 60 61 62 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-12 6-14 6-13 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-13 6-13 6-14 6-10 6-12 6-14 6-14 6-12 6-12 6-11 6-14 6-7 6-14 6-13 6-12 6-14 6-10 6-7 6-12 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 6-14 1.3 2.0 1.3 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.0 2.8 1.3 1.0 2.3 3.0 2.5 1.8 1.3 1.8 2.0 3.0 1.8 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.0 1.3 2.3 1.5 1.0 1.5 17.4 18.4 17.9 19.2 19.9 18.6 18.7 18.4 21.1 18.8 19.3 20.9 19.8 17.1 18.8 20.1 17.6 18.7 17.9 18.2 20.0 18.7 19.4 18.6 21.1 19.8 20.6 18.5 18.3 18.2 18.6 17.2 20.7 20.3 216 16.3 2.7 221 18.3 2.9 7 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 5. EARLYCORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, CROSSVILLE, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 34B24 Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 33N56 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 33V15 Pioneer 34B23 Croplan Genetics 721CRW/RR Dyna-Gro 57K25 Croplan Genetics 705RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 178 131 198 184 182 176 169 166 155 134 166 33.5 6.9 Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ---------------- % ------------- ---------- bu/acre ---------- Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover 3.3 2.8 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 Harvest moisture -- % -- 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.3 1.0 1.3 7.0 3.5 1.5 16.5 16.9 15.9 16.7 16.6 16.6 17.1 18.5 16.9 TABLE 6. PRELIMINARYYCORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, CROSSVILLE, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid SS E 83462 Garst 8292 YG1 Terral TVX26BR401 (RR/YGCB) Terral TVX25R401 (RR) Terral TVX23R31 (RR) CG 841RR Terral TVX27B401 (YGCB) Terral TVX26B401 (YGCB) Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ----- bu/acre ----- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 -------- % ------- Testweight lb/bu Midsilk mo-day Husk Harvest cover moisture -- % -- 214 195 177 168 154 144 139 115 163 19.5 4.1 0.0 3.5 4.8 3.5 6.0 2.0 12.8 5.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.5 1.5 15.0 14.9 14.5 16.0 15.0 15.8 14.6 15.3 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 7. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN AT PRATTVILLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2140nRR Dyna-Gro 58K22 Dyna-Gro 5515 Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst 8200 YG1 Terral TV26BR10n Pioneer 31G66 Garst 8230IT Pioneer 33V15 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dekalb DKC 69-72 Croplan Genetics DS 830 Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Pioneer 31G97 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Croplan Genetics 1167RR Pioneer 31R87 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ---------- % -------- Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk Harvest cover moisture -- % -- 180 173 180 163 160 180 182 181 166 165 149 193 188 184 178 172 171 161 154 143 140 161 182 170 11.7 16.2 24.9 2.5 3.1 5.2 168 166 164 156 153 196 188 186 173 177 191 189 188 178 175 167 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56 55 54 56 56 56 59 56 54 54 58 59 57 56 57 57 55 57 57 55 54 6-19 6-19 6-18 6-20 6-18 6-19 6-18 6-18 6-19 6-19 6-18 6-18 6-18 6-17 6-18 6-18 6-19 6-18 6-18 6-18 6-18 1.5 2.3 1.3 2.0 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.8 2.5 1.0 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.5 1.8 1.3 1.3 2.5 2.3 13.7 12.0 13.9 12.6 14.5 12.4 12.5 12.2 12.9 13.4 13.6 12.9 12.5 11.8 11.8 13.7 13.4 11.4 13.6 12.6 15.0 9 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 8. PRELIMINARYYCORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, TALLASSEE, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid SS E 83462 Terral TVX25R401 (RR) Terral TVX27B401 (YGCB) Vigoro V 58Y41 Garst 8292 YG1 Vigoro V 58YR2 Terral TVX26B401 (YGCB) Terral TVX26BR401 (RR/YGCB) Vigoro V 56Y51 Vigoro EX 284001 Terral TVX23R31 (RR) CG 841RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.3 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day 177 177 175 170 163 162 161 160 156 148 147 145 162 15.6 3.4 ----------- % -------- Husk Harvest cover moisture -- % -- 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-11 6-10 6-13 6-13 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-12 2.3 3.0 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.5 14.8 20.0 17.0 19.1 18.4 18.6 18.0 18.8 16.4 15.8 17.9 16.0 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 9. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR THE EARLY NO-TILL CORN TEST AT SHORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2002-2004. Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2160Bt Terral TV26BR10n Dyna-Gro 5518 Pioneer 31G98 Garst 8230IT Pioneer 31G66 Dyna-Gro 58K22 Dyna-Gro 5515 Pioneer 33V15 Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Croplan Genetics DS 830 Garst 8200 YG1 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Pioneer 31R87 Pioneer 31G97 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Croplan Genetics 1167RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) ------- bu/acre ------ Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ----------- % -------- 3-yr 2-yr 2004 182 170 163 182 175 174 172 177 169 159 199 188 188 187 178 177 173 169 163 159 158 159 177 174 8.0 13.5 22.8 1.6 2.7 4.7 163 159 154 181 175 172 186 184 181 179 179 170 166 Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover Harvest moisture -- % -- 1.7 0.5 0.7 2.1 0.5 1.0 2.1 3.4 3.1 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.4 3.8 0.8 2.0 4.0 6.8 6.0 2.0 2.5 1.8 2.5 2.3 1.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.8 8.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 57 59 58 56 59 57 58 57 57 60 58 59 58 59 59 59 60 58 58 59 58 6-7 6-5 6-5 6-7 6-8 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-6 6-8 6-8 6-5 6-5 6-6 6-8 6-9 6-7 6-5 6-6 6-6 20.1 21.4 19.8 20.6 20.8 21.9 20.5 20.8 20.5 19.4 22.5 20.5 21.0 22.5 22.0 23.0 21.5 20.8 19.5 21.6 19.9 TABLE 10. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR THE EARLY CORN TEST AT SHORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2002-2004. Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 33V15 Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 33N56 Croplan Genetics 721CRW/RR Croplan Genetics 705RR Dyna-Gro 57K25 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ----------- % -------- TestHusk Harvest weight Mid-silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -- 165 165 149 149 148 147 154 24.5 5.3 0.3 0.8 1.0 1.3 4.8 1.5 6-4 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-1 6-1 18.3 19.7 18.7 18.0 17.1 18.4 11 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 11. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Brand name - hybrid Dyna-Gro 58K22 Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 5515 Garst 8200 YG1 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Pioneer 31G66 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dyna-Gro 5518 AgraTech 855RR Pioneer 33V15 Terral TV26BR10n Dekalb DKC 66-80 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------134 150 129 149 129 141 129 138 159 155 154 148 147 143 141 140 138 130 146 23.8 13.8 5.7 3.3 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------3.3 2.1 2.5 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.4 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.1 2.1 0.2 2.1 1.3 1.8 12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 12. 2004 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA Fair- Brew- Headhope ton land Yield ----------- bu/acre ------------ Brand name - hybrid Garst 8200 YG1 Croplan Genetics DS 830 Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Croplan Genetics 895BT Dekalb DKC 69-72 Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 AgraTech 999Bt Dekalb DK 697 Pioneer 31G98 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Pioneer 31G66 Dyna-Gro 58K22 AgraTech 955RR Dyna-Gro 5518 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Croplan Genetics 799BT Pioneer 33V15 Croplan Genetics 872RR Croplan Genetics 1167RR Terral TV26BR10n Terral TV2160Bt Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dyna-Gro 5515 Croplan Genetics DS 822RR AgraTech 855RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 2004 regional averages Husk LodgTesting weight Mid-silk cover1 -- % -lb/bu mo-day Harvest moist. -- % -- 165 162 153 159 154 159 152 159 153 152 156 144 142 142 147 156 153 149 139 124 141 132 134 151 142 149 24.1 5.7 136 118 138 121 123 135 115 111 122 116 116 116 120 115 102 110 100 102 105 122 101 94 103 98 109 114 12.7 4.0 181 188 170 182 183 164 188 182 175 183 178 184 178 179 185 166 171 170 174 158 160 174 161 148 144 173 22.1 4.5 161 156 154 154 154 153 151 151 150 150 150 148 147 145 144 144 141 140 139 134 134 134 133 132 132 145 11.6 2.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.0 0.1 56 56 56 57 56 55 54 57 55 57 56 55 56 53 58 54 56 56 55 55 56 55 55 53 56 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-10 6-10 6-10 6-15 6-10 6-13 6-12 6-10 6-12 6-13 6-11 6-13 6-12 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-13 6-13 6-11 6-13 6-12 6-12 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 17.4 17.7 18.1 17.2 17.8 18.3 18.8 17.8 17.3 17.9 17.4 16.7 17.9 16.2 18.0 16.6 17.5 17.7 16.6 16.7 16.7 16.3 16.4 17.3 18.0 13 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 13. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, HEADLAND, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Dyna-Gro 5515 Dyna-Gro 58K22 Terral TV2160Bt Dekalb DKC 69-71 Pioneer 31G66 Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst 8200 YG1 Dekalb DKC 67-60 AgraTech 855RR Pioneer 33V15 Terral TV26BR10n Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dekalb DKC 69-72 Croplan Genetics DS 830 Dekalb DK 697 AgraTech 999Bt AgraTech 955RR Croplan Genetics 799BT Dyna-Gro Cx 03317 Croplan Genetics 895BT Dyna-Gro Cx 04319 Croplan Genetics 872RR Croplan Genetics 1167RR Croplan Genetics DS 822RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004† ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging Test3-yr 2-yr 2004 weight ----------- % -------lb/bu Midsilk mo-day Husk cover 3.3 3.5 2.8 3.5 3.8 2.8 3.5 2.5 2.3 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.3 3.0 2.3 3.3 2.8 3.3 2.5 3.0 3.8 2.8 2.8 Harvest moisture -- % -- 158 146 140 131 162 138 129 120 172 172 169 168 168 154 154 140 139 144 153 24.8 28.5 5.8 6.5 130 107 70 90 143 158 142 135 156 120 143 95 99 174 161 153 150 146 132 132 122 122 122 114 98 129 46.7 12.9 0.8 1.0 2.1 6.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 6.8 2.0 1.8 0.8 1.3 2.3 3.0 0.5 1.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50 50 50 51 52 50 51 51 52 51 51 50 51 51 52 52 51 51 51 50 51 51 52 51 50 5-29 6-2 5-29 6-5 6-2 6-2 6-5 6-2 6-3 5-30 6-2 5-29 6-2 6-5 6-2 6-5 6-5 6-2 5-30 5-29 5-22 5-29 5-29 6-2 6-5 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 † The 2004 Irrigated test recieved 5.4 inches of water in 7 applications but was severely damaged by a heavy stinkbug infestation. 14 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 14. EARLY CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, FAIRHOPE, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 33V15 Croplan Genetics 721CRW/RR Dyna-Gro 57K25 Croplan Genetics 705RR Pioneer 33N56 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ----------- % -------- TestHusk Harvest weight Mid-silk cover moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -- 172 159 151 151 147 141 154 12.4 2.7 1.3 2.3 3.3 1.0 1.3 0.0 5-30 5-29 5-30 5-30 5-26 5-29 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.5 3.5 22.6 20.8 20.4 20.7 19.6 19.4 TABLE 15. PRELIMINARYY CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, FAIRHOPE, ALABAMA, 2002-2004 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Terral TVX27B401 (YGCB) SS E 83462 Pioneer 33V15 Garst 8292 YG1 Terral TVX26B401 (YGCB) Vigoro V 58YR2 Terral TVX25R401 (RR) Terral TVX26BR401 (RR/YGCB) Terral TVX23R31 (RR) Vigoro V 58Y41 Vigoro V 56Y51 Vigoro EX 284001 CG 841RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2004 ----------- % -------- Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk Harvest cover moisture -- % -- 165 160 160 158 157 155 153 152 148 144 142 140 121 150 24.1 5.6 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 55 55 58 56 58 54 54 54 57 55 57 56 57 6-4 6-3 6-3 6-2 6-5 6-4 6-3 6-4 6-4 6-3 6-4 6-4 6-5 2.0 2.5 3.3 2.8 2.0 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 23.5 19.6 22.8 25.1 25.1 26.2 27.8 27.0 24.1 26.4 23.0 22.5 26.8 15 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2004 TABLE 16. GROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 2002-2004. Location Year Belle Mina 2004 2003 2002 Crossville 2004 2003 2002 Shorter 2004 2003 2002 Prattville 2004 2003 2002 Brewton 2004 2003 2002 Fairhope 2004 2003 2002 Headland 2004 2003 2002 0.5 6.0 5.2 4.4 9.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 2.9 9.8 8.8 3.9 4.4 7.5 4.1 2.1 6.1 3.1 7.1 4.7 2.9 31.7 45.7 25.5 0.7 5.2 4.2 2.3 3.1 3.1 2.0 5.8 2.3 10.8 9.5 3.4 4.7 18.4 10.8 8.3 5.2 5.8 12.6 3.7 14.8 41.4 50.9 44.4 1.0 6.3 5.3 6.6 7.4 2.2 4.3 9.4 1.8 14.6 8.1 12.4 4.9 11.5 12.4 5.3 13.2 5.7 8.6 5.9 11.5 45.3 61.8 51.3 1.4 5.2 5.8 3.5 8.8 1.4 5.2 4.8 2.6 8.8 7.4 1.9 1.9 6.8 4.2 5.7 8.0 2.2 6.0 2.2 6.2 32.5 43.2 24.3 0.8 6.7 6.5 3.1 9.1 3.6 4.0 6.0 2.5 7.4 6.6 5.6 2.4 7.8 2.3 4.9 6.9 1.9 6.4 4.5 4.6 29.0 47.6 27.0 4.2 4.4 7.8 2.9 5.1 3.0 5.5 12.6 4.8 7.3 4.0 1.9 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.0 5.9 2.0 8.5 3.9 8.9 37.0 40.7 32.9 5.5 2.2 5.5 4.3 4.3 1.5 3.2 9.8 10.3 5.1 5.0 0.9 7.8 4.6 4.5 3.0 3.0 1.7 3.5 8.6 5.3 32.5 37.5 29.7 ---------------------------- Monthly rainfall in inches --------------------------Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. 7-month total 16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 17. SOIL TYPES FOR CORN TRIALS, 2004 Test location North Soil type Belle Mina ................................ ................................ ................. Decatur silt loam Crossville ................................ ................................ ................... Wynnville fine sandy loam Central Tallassee ................................ .................................................... Cahaba loamy sand Shorter ................................ ................................ ....................... Norfolk sandy loam Prattville ................................................................ ..................... Lucedale fine sandy loam South Brewton ................................................................ ..................... Benndale fine sandy loam Headland ................................ .................................................... Dothan sandy loam Fairhope ................................................................ ..................... Malbis fine sandy loam SOURCES OF 2004 CORN HYBRID TRIAL SEED Seed Company AgraTech Seeds P.O. Box 88823 Dunwoody, GA 30356 Garst Seed Company 761Walnut Knoll Lane Memphis, TN 38018 Land O’Lakes P.O. Box 614 Midland City, AL 36350 Brand AgraTech Seed Company Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., Inc. 7501 Memorial Parkway SW Huntsville, AL 35806 Royster-Clark, Inc. 717 Robinson Rd. SE Washington C.H, OH 43160 Terral Seed P.O. Box 826 Lake Providence, LA 71254 Brand Pioneer Garst, Vigoro Croplan Genetics TV Monsanto Company 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 Southern States P.O. Box 26230 Richmond, VA 23260 Dekalb DK UAP Southeast 25324 HSV-Brownsferry Rd Madison, AL 35756 Dyna-Gro SS