2002 National Cotton Fusarium Wilt Report NOVEMBER 2002 AGRONOMY AND SOILS DEPARTMENT SERIES NO. 246 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION JOHN JENSEN, INTERIM DIRECTOR AUBURN UNIVERSITY AUBURN, AL 36849 THIS REPORT IS A JOINT CONTRIBUTION BETWEEN USDA-ARS, CROP SCIENCE RESEARCH LABORATORY, MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY, MISSISSIPPI, AND THE ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, AUBURN UNIVERSITY, ALABAMA Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT 3 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT Kathryn M. Glass1, William S. Gazaway2, and Edzard van Santen 3 1,3 Agricultural Program Associate and Professor, respectively, Dept. of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849 2 Professor Emeritus and Extension Pathologist/Nematologist, Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 36849 Cotton cultivars and elite breeding lines submitted by 24 cooperators were evaluated for Fusarium wilt resistance under field conditions at the E. V. Smith Research Center, Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee, Alabama. These entries were grown on an Independence loamy fine sand highly infested with the Fusarium wilt fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) Schlect. f. vasinfectum [Atk.] (Snyd. & Hans.) and southern root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita.). In 1994, a soil analysis for nematodes revealed that southern root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) and lance (Hoplolaimus galeatus) are the predominant nematode species in the test plots. High populations of both species are found throughout the test area. Other nematode genera present are stubby root (Trichodorus sp.) and stunt (Tylenchorhynchus sp.). Root-knot nematodes, however, appear to be causing the major damage to cotton in the Fusarium Wilt Test as indicated by the high galling indices found on the roots of all cotton lines. Entries were planted in single 20-foot rows on 40-inch centers, separated by 5-foot alleys. Four replications of the test entries and checks were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with a split plot restriction on randomization. The set of eight test cultivars submitted by a cooperator was always evaluated as a group together with two control plots within each replicate. Both susceptible (Rowden) and resistant (M-315) cultivars were included as check subplots in the two center rows of each main plot (Fig. 1). Plots were planted May 22. Initial plant counts were made on June 20. Wilted plants were counted and removed on July 10, July 31, August 20, and September 3. The remaining live plants were counted and recorded on September 24. Total percent wilted plants were then determined and mean wilting for a given entry calculated. The average % wilted plants for the susceptible check Rowden was 52%, with a range from 6 to 100% on an individual plot basis (Fig. 1). The resistant check M-315 had, on the average, 1% wilted plants with a range from 0 to 12% on an individual plot basis. There were, on the average, 52x more wilted plants in Rowden plots than in M-315 plots. Critical evaluations of breeding lines should be made relative to the two checks listed at the bottom of each group. For the first time in the history of this test we also present least squares means. The data were subjected to a two-dimensional nearest neighbor adjustment, which was highly significant (P < 0.001). Least squares entry means and associated probabilities that the mean is different from 0 are given in the two right-hand columns. 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Fig. 1. Field plot layout and % wilt for control plot of Rowden (suceptible) and M-315 (resistant). Distances (ft) from the NE corner of the trial are given in the left hand column and the bottom row. N-S 400 375 350 325 300 275 250 14 0 Rowden M-315 35 0 Rowden M-315 20 0 Rowden M-315 10 1 Rowden M-315 23 1 Rowden M-315 45 4 Rowden M-315 66 3 Rowden M-315 66 0 Rowden M-315 8 rows 8 rows 53 0 Rowden M-315 11 2 Rowden M-315 60 1 Rowden M-315 43 0 Rowden M-315 56 0 Rowden M-315 39 0 Rowden M-315 9 0 Rowden M-315 21 1 Rowden M-315 8 rows 6 0 Rowden M-315 32 1 Rowden M-315 17 4 Rowden M-315 55 0 Rowden M-315 59 0 Rowden M-315 32 0 Rowden M-315 62 0 Rowden M-315 87 1 Rowden M-315 8 rows 28 0 Rowden M-315 14 3 Rowden M-315 29 1 Rowden M-315 31 0 Rowden M-315 32 0 Rowden M-315 15 0 Rowden M-315 31 0 Rowden M-315 8 rows 89 2 Rowden M-315 69 7 Rowden M-315 82 0 Rowden M-315 84 1 Rowden M-315 99 1 Rowden M-315 56 6 Rowden M-315 88 3 Rowden M-315 3 75 M-315 Rowden 53 3 Rowden M-315 58 0 Rowden M-315 19 0 Rowden M-315 32 0 Rowden M-315 49 0 Rowden M-315 43 0 Rowden M-315 22 0 Rowden M-315 44 0 Rowden M-315 160 8 rows N 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 E-W 63 0 Rowden M-315 70 3 Rowden M-315 76 0 Rowden M-315 80 3 Rowden M-315 92 12 Rowden M-315 100 0 Rowden M-315 100 4 Rowden M-315 86 6 Rowden M-315 76 1 Rowden M-315 27 28 37 Rowden Rowden 44 1 Rowden M-315 68 0 Rowden M-315 68 1 Rowden M-315 77 1 Rowden M-315 84 0 Rowden M-315 76 3 Rowden M-315 61 0 Rowden M-315 49 1 Rowden M-315 60 0 74 M-315 Rowden 11 0 Rowden M-315 19 1 Rowden M-315 20 1 Rowden M-315 48 12 Rowden M-315 58 5 Rowden M-315 30 2 Rowden M-315 56 1 Rowden M-315 23 0 Rowden M-315 93 0 63 M-315 Rowden 73 0 Rowden M-315 97 0 Rowden M-315 67 0 Rowden M-315 56 0 Rowden M-315 84 2 Rowden M-315 63 0 Rowden M-315 51 0 Rowden M-315 77 0 Rowden M-315 127 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT 5 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL LS PPercent wilt per replicate Entry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value C. Wayne Smith, Texas A&M University, 2474 TAMUS, College Station, TX 77843-2474 101 CWS1 14 0 0 1 4 1 0.744 102 CWS2 100 74 23 12 52 51 <.0001 103 CWS3 42 51 58 59 53 50 <.0001 104 CWS4 10 4 47 1 15 6 0.114 105 CWS5 13 9 6 0 7 16 <.0001 Paul Fox, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 7622 Moore Rd, Memphis, TN 38120 106 PF1 66 24 76 0 42 37 <.0001 Al Balducchi, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 7622 Moore Rd, Memphis, TN 38120 107 AB1 17 11 8 0 9 15 0.000 108 AB2 20 8 81 5 28 26 <.0001 Rowden 86 48 75 59 67 70 <.0001 M-315 6 12 0 0 4 7 0.064 Luther Bird, G & P Seed Co., 729 Shady Lane, Bryan, TX 77802 201 LB_1 10 14 29 6 15 13 0.001 202 LB_2 7 15 11 12 11 12 0.004 203 LB_3 9 9 7 41 17 17 <.0001 204 LB_4 0 0 3 6 2 3 0.403 205 LB_5 0 8 0 6 4 5 0.243 206 LB_6 5 0 15 28 12 12 0.003 207 LB_7 11 3 20 16 13 12 0.002 208 LB_8 5 0 6 4 4 5 0.216 Rowden 43 56 23 43 41 40 <.0001 M-315 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.774 Fred Bourland, University of Arkansas, P.O. Box 48, Keiser, AR 72351 301 FB-1 4 0 1 1 2 1 0.781 302 FB-2 4 6 1 1 3 2 0.670 303 FB-3 25 48 21 6 25 27 <.0001 304 FB-4 12 21 8 10 13 12 0.003 305 FB-5 28 66 34 7 34 33 <.0001 306 FB-6 3 78 31 11 31 26 <.0001 307 FB-7 0 13 5 8 7 10 0.008 308 FB-8 3 71 1 5 20 18 <.0001 Rowden 56 70 32 11 42 43 <.0001 M-315 1 3 0 2 2 4 0.293 continued 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL Percent wilt per replicate LS PEntry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value Don Keim, Delta and Pine Land Co., P.O. Box 157, Scott, MS 38772 401 LMS001 3 1 1 21 6 5 0.176 402 LMS002 2 0 0 2 1 1 0.820 403 LMS003 49 0 7 3 15 15 0.000 404 LMS004 0 2 1 1 1 2 0.692 405 LMS005 0 0 4 3 2 3 0.504 406 LMS006 3 8 8 5 6 7 0.097 407 LMS007 21 8 4 2 9 8 0.044 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 408 Fiber Max FM 991R 0 5 1 2 2 6 0.121 Rowden 58 11 15 6 22 22 <.0001 M-315 5 0 0 0 1 1 0.729 Frank Bordelon, PhytoGen Cottonseed, P.O. Box 27, Leland, MS 38756 501 PHY-FB1 7 1 0 7 4 7 0.065 502 PHY-FB2 16 54 2 16 22 22 <.0001 503 PHY-FB3 20 23 5 1 12 14 0.001 504 PHY-FB4 4 9 0 4 5 0 0.970 505 PHY-FB5 0 2 0 0 1 4 0.334 506 PHY-FB6 11 97 15 27 37 36 <.0001 507 PHY-FB7 2 0 0 4 2 2 0.598 508 PHY-FB8 6 28 0 0 8 3 0.429 Rowden 84 63 63 14 56 55 <.0001 M-315 2 0 3 3 2 2 0.592 Randall McPherson, PhytoGen Cottonseed, P.O. Box 27, Leland, MS 38756 601 PHY-RM1 0 3 9 5 4 5 0.202 602 PHY-RM2 0 0 3 2 1 4 0.295 603 PHY-RM3 10 3 0 1 4 5 0.241 604 PHY-RM4 2 0 2 2 1 2 0.623 605 PHY-RM5 3 0 3 4 2 -1 0.859 606 PHY-RM6 4 4 3 30 10 11 0.006 607 PHY-RM7 6 0 2 0 2 3 0.453 608 PHY-RM8 7 0 3 17 7 7 0.061 Rowden 84 28 9 82 51 50 <.0001 M-315 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.949 continued 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT 7 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL Percent wilt per replicate LS PEntry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value Gary L. Rea, Delta and Pine Land Co., 247 US HWY 380 W, Haskell, TX 79521 701 GLR 1 9 4 1 0 3 7 0.074 702 GLR 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.712 703 GLR 3 1 0 0 1 1 2 0.563 704 GLR 4 7 0 0 0 2 0 0.957 705 GLR 5 37 0 3 1 10 7 0.087 706 GLR 6 65 11 4 4 21 20 <.0001 707 GLR 7 1 0 0 1 1 2 0.581 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 708 Deltapine DP 436RR 15 2 1 0 4 3 0.448 Rowden 76 58 32 14 45 46 <.0001 M-315 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.960 Peggy Thaxton, Texas A&M University, Soil & Crop Sciences, College Station, TX 77843-2474 801 PMT-1 26 2 14 21 16 19 <.0001 802 PMT-2 88 0 66 3 39 35 <.0001 803 PMT-3 98 0 62 2 40 36 <.0001 804 PMT-4 99 13 14 5 32 31 <.0001 805 PMT-5 97 3 42 3 37 29 <.0001 806 PMT-6 95 23 78 14 52 55 <.0001 807 PMT-7 9 7 17 3 9 12 0.002 808 PMT-8 84 46 11 1 36 35 <.0001 Rowden 92 19 56 53 55 51 <.0001 M-315 12 0 0 0 3 9 0.023 John Green, Seed Source, Inc., P.O. Box 28, Stoneville, MS 38776 901 SSI-1 14 23 8 6 13 16 <.0001 902 SSI-2 6 22 8 97 33 33 <.0001 903 SSI-3 0 0 29 27 14 7 0.069 904 SSI-4 0 0 26 41 17 19 <.0001 905 SSI-5 12 15 9 6 11 12 0.002 906 SSI-6 4 0 20 9 8 6 0.131 907 SSI-7 11 1 1 4 4 8 0.040 908 SSI-8 4 6 46 14 18 17 <.0001 Rowden 23 97 56 89 66 65 <.0001 M-315 0 0 6 2 2 2 0.530 continued 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL LS PPercent wilt per replicate Entry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value Richard Sheetz, Delta and Pine Land Co., RR 2, Box 60, Hale Center, TX 79041 1001 RS-1 1 0 5 2 2 1 0.713 1002 RS-2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0.603 1003 RS-3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.934 1004 RS-4 0 0 2 0 0 3 0.462 1005 RS-6 0 0 2 0 1 -1 0.778 1006 RS-7 1 5 3 3 3 4 0.318 1007 RS-8 4 1 1 1 2 2 0.554 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 1008 Deltapine DP 451 B/RR 1 1 2 2 2 2 0.630 Rowden 44 67 45 29 46 46 <.0001 M-315 0 0 4 1 1 1 0.792 Curtis Williams, Delta and Pine Land Co., 381 William Gibbs Rd, Tifton, GA 31794 1101 CW_1 14 4 0 2 5 6 0.144 1102 CW_2 34 7 4 7 13 10 0.010 1103 CW_3 1 1 1 7 3 5 0.181 1104 CW_4 8 8 7 0 6 6 0.128 1105 CW_5 37 3 4 2 11 11 0.005 1106 CW_6 21 9 5 0 9 7 0.078 1107 CW_7 3 2 9 0 4 5 0.167 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 1108 Sure Grow 521 R 5 13 18 6 10 10 0.009 Rowden 49 68 66 10 48 48 <.0001 M-315 1 0 3 1 1 1 0.799 O. Lloyd May, University of Georgia, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793-0748 1201 GA96-211 8 6 1 1 4 4 0.320 1202 GA98028 3 23 18 0 11 10 0.009 1203 GA98033 13 3 1 4 5 4 0.341 1204 GA98066 24 6 26 4 15 16 <.0001 1205 GA98079 16 5 3 1 6 6 0.161 1206 GA98084 16 13 15 11 14 15 0.000 1207 GA98091 8 7 7 10 8 9 0.025 1208 GA99029 5 2 3 6 4 5 0.229 Rowden 63 44 87 32 57 58 <.0001 M-315 0 1 1 1 1 1 0.880 continued 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT 9 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL LS PPercent wilt per replicate Entry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value Jack E. Jones, Jajo Genetics, 246 Maxine Dr., Baton Rouge, LA 70808-6831 1301 Jajo 1 59 0 19 0 19 20 <.0001 1302 Jajo 2 23 10 4 0 9 16 <.0001 1303 Jajo 3 59 3 14 3 20 26 <.0001 1304 Jajo 4 98 2 79 5 46 41 <.0001 1305 Jajo 5 11 3 3 3 5 4 0.350 1306 Jajo 6 7 2 0 4 3 3 0.423 1307 Jajo 7 81 0 20 0 25 21 <.0001 1308 Jajo 8 45 1 5 4 14 7 0.059 Rowden 100 53 39 28 55 53 <.0001 M-315 0 3 0 0 1 3 0.400 Dawn Fraser, Delta and Pine Land Co., P.O. Box 1529, Hartsville, SC 29550 1401 DF_1 77 36 32 6 38 35 <.0001 1402 DF_2 3 16 0 4 6 6 0.111 1403 DF_3 2 0 36 1 10 10 0.009 1404 DF_4 1 3 7 1 3 6 0.112 1405 DF_5 13 18 2 3 9 7 0.076 1406 DF_6 2 23 14 0 10 8 0.033 1407 DF_7 3 3 0 5 3 3 0.432 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 1408 Deltapine Delta Pearl 14 4 1 18 10 9 0.031 Rowden 49 19 62 20 37 37 <.0001 M-315 0 1 0 0 0 3 0.503 Doug Wessel, Delta and Pine Land Co., 38768 W. Farrell Rd, Maricopa, AZ 85239 2 0.545 1501 DW-1 0 4 0 5 2 2 0.545 1502 DW-2 0 1 0 1 1 0 0.932 1503 DW-3 0 4 6 6 4 6 0.151 1504 DW-4 0 8 16 59 21 20 <.0001 1505 DW-5 5 6 6 25 10 7 0.080 1506 DW-6 17 23 25 75 35 39 <.0001 1507 DW-7 0 0 6 14 5 5 0.176 Kathryn M. Glass, Dept. of Agronomy & Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849-5412 1508 Stoneville ST 5599BR 1 2 1 17 5 4 0.282 Rowden 22 73 74 69 59 60 <.0001 M-315 0 0 0 7 2 3 0.434 continued 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL Percent wilt per replicate LS PEntry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean value Jeff Klingenberg, Aventis Cotton Seed Inter, 117 Kennedy Flat Road, Leland, MS 38756 1601 ACSI-JK-1 42 33 1 13 22 18 <.0001 1602 ACSI-JK-2 56 24 4 3 21 27 <.0001 1603 ACSI-JK-3 56 50 0 8 28 28 <.0001 1604 ACSI-JK-4 19 26 14 7 17 21 <.0001 1605 ACSI-JK-5 9 68 0 33 28 29 <.0001 1606 ACSI-JK-6 27 7 3 6 11 12 0.003 1607 ACSI-JK-7 41 4 2 2 12 9 0.017 1608 ACSI-JK-8 68 30 6 0 26 25 <.0001 Rowden 76 77 31 17 50 52 <.0001 M-315 3 1 0 4 2 7 0.073 Jeff Gwyn, Aventis Cotton Seed Inter, 117 Kennedy Flat Road, Leland, MS 38756 1701 ACSI-JJG-1 56 11 43 24 34 26 <.0001 1702 ACSI-JJG-2 4 23 100 10 34 28 <.0001 1703 ACSI-JJG-3 44 3 97 3 37 28 <.0001 1704 ACSI-JJG-4 100 20 13 20 38 45 <.0001 1705 ACSI-JJG-5 95 2 8 3 27 28 <.0001 1706 ACSI-JJG-6 63 16 61 5 36 29 <.0001 1707 ACSI-JJG-7 38 4 3 7 13 23 <.0001 1708 ACSI-JJG-8 97 15 1 5 30 29 <.0001 Rowden 100 20 88 60 67 68 <.0001 M-315 4 1 3 1 2 4 0.308 Forest Robinson, USDA-ARS, 2765 F&B Road, College Station, TX 77845 1801 FR-1 10 17 0 7 9 7 0.067 1802 FR-2 0 9 4 8 5 6 0.146 1803 FR-3 30 5 13 7 13 14 <.0001 1804 FR-4 5 2 11 7 6 4 0.295 Al Balducchi, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 7622 Moore Rd, Memphis, TN 38120 1805 AB3 0 7 37 24 17 17 <.0001 1806 AB4 3 1 2 0 2 1 0.827 1807 AB5 0 0 0 9 2 3 0.475 1808 AB6 0 0 4 12 4 6 0.114 Rowden 77 68 37 55 59 59 <.0001 M-315 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.795 continued 2002 NATIONAL COTTON FUSARIUM WILT REPORT 11 2002 Fusarium Wilt Test, Plant Breeding Unit, EVSRC, Tallassee, AL Percent wilt per replicate LS Entry Cultivar/Line Rep1 Rep2 Rep3 Rep4 Avg. Mean Kim Palmer, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 4852 Old Leland Rd, Leland, MS 38776 1901 KP1 27 30 3 1 15 15 1902 KP2 15 16 7 0 9 14 1903 KP3 15 4 0 19 9 8 1904 KP4 24 17 22 61 31 27 Randy Wood, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, P.O. Box 569, Maricopa, AZ 85239 1905 RW1 28 26 27 23 26 22 1906 RW2 8 8 8 7 8 13 1907 RW3 0 49 11 7 17 18 1908 RW4 13 60 14 97 46 40 Rowden 61 76 21 84 60 60 M-315 0 0 1 1 1 4 Lloyd McCall, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 7622 Moore Rd, Memphis, TN 38120 2001 LM1 0 0 13 0 3 1 2002 LM2 0 2 2 3 2 9 2003 LM3 5 2 72 4 21 17 2004 LM4 16 2 94 2 29 25 Mark Barfield, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 2409 Commerce Lane, Albany, GA 31707 2005 MB1 25 2 66 2 24 21 2006 MB2 3 3 1 2 2 6 2007 MB3 1 0 1 2 1 5 2008 MB4 4 4 6 1 4 5 Rowden 51 32 99 35 54 51 M-315 0 0 1 0 0 0 Mike Robinson, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, 4852 Old Leland Rd, Leland, MS 38776 2101 MR1 65 61 0 5 33 32 2102 MR2 1 40 13 1 14 13 2103 MR3 17 99 1 10 32 34 2104 MR4 27 67 23 0 29 25 Steve Calhoun, Stoneville Pedigreed Seed, Rt. 2, Box 233, Hwy 82 East, Idalou, TX 79239 2105 SC1 5 31 21 0 14 18 2106 SC2 2 36 0 3 10 5 2107 SC3 2 32 1 0 9 9 2108 SC4 25 87 3 1 29 26 Rowden 30 80 66 31 52 54 M-315 2 3 0 0 1 4 Pvalue <.0001 <.0001 0.036 <.0001 <.0001 0.001 <.0001 <.0001 <.0001 0.312 0.793 0.025 <.0001 <.0001 <.0001 0.117 0.226 0.182 <.0001 0.931 <.0001 0.001 <.0001 <.0001 <.0001 0.248 0.017 <.0001 <.0001 0.281