EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 1 Agrononmy and Soils Departmental Series No. 230 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Luther Waters, Director Auburn University Auburn, Alabama November 2000 Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 2000 2 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Acknowledgments Appreciation is expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation, summarization, and analysis of the data in this report. Appreciation is also expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris and Ellis Burgess, Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center; Tony Dawkins, Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center; Jimmy Holliman, Black Belt Research and Extension Center; Don Moore, Prattville Research Field; James Bannon, Bobby Durbin, and Steve Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Randy Akridge, Brewton and Monroeville Research Fields; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Research and Extension Center. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 3 Table of Contents Page Acknowledgments Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Procedure ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Interpretation of Data ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 2000 Corn Hybrid Tests .................................................. 5 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn for Northern Alabama, 1998-00 ........................................................................................................ 6 2000 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama ............................................................................. 7 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1998-00 ............................................ 8 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 2000 .......................................................................................... 8 Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 2000 .................... 9 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn at Prattville in Central Alabama, 1998-00 ................................................................................... 10 2000 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics at Pratttville in Central Alabama ............................................................. 10 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 1998-00 ................................................. 11 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 2000 ............................................................................................ 11 Characteristics of Irrigated Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 2000 ............................................................................................ 12 2000 Yield of Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics at Marion Junction in Central Alabama, 2000 ............................................................................. 12 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn for Southern Alabama, 1998-00 ....................................................................................................... 13 2000 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama ............................................................................... 14 Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 1998-00 ...................................................................................................... 15 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1998-00 ............................................ 16 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 2000 .......................................................................................... 16 Growing Season Rainfall, 1998-00 ............................................................................................. 17 Soil Types for Corn Trials, 2000 ................................................................................................. 18 Sources of 2000 Corn Hybrid Test Seed .......................................................................................................... 18 Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 2000 K. M. Glass and P. L. Mask1 INTRODUCTION Selected corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central, and southern regions of Alabama. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test, it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at two locations in the northern region, two locations in the central region, and four locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at both Belle Mina and Headland and a preliminary test is irrigated at Tallassee. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. PROCEDURE All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Belle Mina, Tallassee, and Headland are seeded at a rate to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 pounds) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. In 1998, the virus test at Marion Junction was not harvested due to extremely dry growing conditions. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are “true” or “real” differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this, a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a “least significant difference” (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. 1 Glass is an Agricultural Program Associate and Mask is a Professor in the Auburn University Department of Agronomy and Soils. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 5 With this in mind it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD, which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSDs vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low, a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CVs of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the “risk level” of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 18), and soil types (Table 19) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. TABLE 1. LOCATIONS Location AND CULTURAL PRACTICES Planting date FOR THE 2000 CORN HYBRID TESTS Date harvested Nitrogen Plant rate1 population Herbicides used NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center (Belle Mina) Regular test (nonirrigated) March 15 150 Regular test (irrigated) March 14 175 Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center (Crossville) Early corn test April 10 150 Regular test April 18 150 Preliminary test April 18 150 CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) Early corn test March 8 150 Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Preliminary test March 24 150 Preliminary test (irrigated) March 24 150 Prattville Research Field (Prattville) March 15 120 Black Belt Research and Extension Center (Marion Junction) March 9 153 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Research Field (Brewton) March 15 Monroeville Research Field (Monroeville) March 10 Wiregrass Research and Extension Center (Headland) Regular test (unirrigated) March 24 Regular test (irrigated) March 24 Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center (Fairhope) Early corn test February 28 Regular test March 13 Preliminary test March 13 1 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 August 14 August 18 August 29 August 29 August 29 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual 20,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 July 24 August 16 August 14 August 16 August 8 August 14 August 15 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual 140 140 160 220 150 110 150 Not harvested Atrazine August 18 Atrazine August 2 August 3 August 2 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Pounds per acre N. Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 2. TWO- AND THREE- YEAR YIELD AND L ODGING AVERAGES FOR NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1 1998-00 Brand name–hybrid 3-yr. (1998-00) bu. FOR CORN ———Yield per acre, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) bu. 119 117 115 114 113 113 112 106 106 105 _ _ _ _ _ 134 139 130 130 135 129 135 126 122 123 138 132 131 130 127 3-yr. (1998-00) pct. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) pct. 1.3 2.8 2.0 3.0 2.3 2.7 2.8 2.0 1.7 2.7 _ _ _ _ _ 1.3 4.0 2.3 3.3 2.5 3.5 3.5 1.8 1.5 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.0 2.3 Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 3223 Funk’s DG 5516 AgriPro AP 9707 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3163 2 Pioneer 3167 2 Pioneer 33G26 Garst 8222IT Funk’s 5510A SS 859 CL Pioneer 33J56 SS 849 CL Garst 8220 Pioneer 33K81 1 Belle Mina and Crossville. 2 Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 7 TABLE 3. 2000 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA Brand name–hybrid Belle Mina bu. 97 88 88 83 82 74 82 81 76 75 77 83 81 79 82 73 80 82 78 75 75 70 72 75 76 79 63 74 71 78.2 9.3 8.4 Crossville bu. 111 119 112 118 111 114 105 104 108 107 105 99 101 103 100 108 97 91 95 97 94 98 94 90 88 85 100 87 74 100.3 24.1 17.1 ——————2000 Regional Averages—————— Yield Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest per ac. stalks weight silk cover moisture bu. % lb./bu. mo.-da. rating1 pct. 104 103 100 100 96 94 93 93 92 91 91 91 91 91 91 90 89 86 86 86 84 84 83 82 82 82 81 80 73 7.0 3.0 5.0 5.0 3.5 1.0 6.0 2.5 2.5 3.5 6.5 5.0 2.5 4.5 4.0 5.5 2.0 2.0 4.5 4.0 3.0 8.0 1.5 2.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 5.0 4.5 56.1 53.9 54.0 55.3 57.3 56.7 55.9 57.2 54.3 56.7 53.1 53.3 55.1 55.3 54.4 55.6 56.5 56.4 54.6 56.4 52.2 54.6 54.4 53.9 53.4 56.1 54.6 54.5 54.7 6-22 6-24 6-24 6-24 6-24 6-24 6-24 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-24 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-23 6-22 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-24 6-23 6-21 6-22 6-24 6-23 6-22 6-24 6-24 6-24 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 13.1 13.8 13.4 13.5 13.3 11.5 13.2 13.1 12.7 13.3 13.0 13.8 12.9 13.8 12.9 12.7 13.3 13.5 11.6 13.0 13.2 12.8 13.9 13.7 13.1 13.4 12.7 12.5 13.8 Pioneer 3223 SS 900 BT SS 859 CL Pioneer 31R88 Pioneer 33J56 Pioneer 32K62 Pioneer 3167 2 Pioneer 33G26 TR 1157 Pioneer 33K81 Garst 8251IT Funk’s 5510A Funk’s G-4581 TR702E Funk’s DG 5516 TR 1129 RR Pioneer 31G98 Garst 8222IT AgriPro AP 9707 Pioneer 32K61 Garst 8220 TR 1089 RR CG 818 Dekalb DK 687 SS 849 CL TR 1166 BT TR 1106 Pioneer 3163 2 Dekalb DK 697 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 2 Standard hybrids for comparison. 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 4. E ARLY CORN HYBRID T EST AT CROSSVILLE Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 bu. bu. bu. 140 127 124 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 159 144 138 156 155 145 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 130 118 109 128 108 106 123 113 109 104 97 96 95 110.4 21.2 13.4 2 IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1998-00 ————2000———— MidTest Husk Harvest silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating1 pct. 6-28 6-26 6-26 6-25 6-25 6-24 6-26 6-28 6-30 6-27 6-25 6-29 6-26 58.9 58.9 59.3 59.2 59.0 59.1 55.2 56.1 55.8 54.3 56.2 57.2 55.6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 11.1 10.6 10.8 11.2 10.7 11.8 10.0 12.2 11.5 12.3 10.8 10.4 11.0 —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 pct. pct. pct. 1.3 3.0 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.5 3.5 2.5 3.0 9.0 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 16.0 3.0 6.0 5.0 10.0 17.0 16.0 3.0 12.0 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3245 2 Pioneer 33G26 Pioneer 34B23 Pioneer 33J56 Pioneer 33K81 SS 710 Dekalb DK 668 SS 747 SS 670 BT SS 729 CL Dekalb DK 650 SS EXP 80000 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard mid to late season hybrids. TABLE 5. C HARACTERISTICS OF CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST CROSSVILLE IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 128 106 105 104 103 103 102 100 106.1 19.7 12.6 2 AT Lodged stalks pct. 6.0 1.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 Husk cover rating1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. 54.9 54.0 56.7 54.4 54.2 55.2 54.9 55.5 Harvest moisture pct. 10.8 12.1 11.0 12.2 11.7 11.2 11.5 11.7 Novartis N83-N5 Asgrow RX 764 Dekalb DKC65-25 Novartis N79-L3 Pioneer 3163 2 Pioneer 3167 2 Novartis N91-R9 Dyna-Gro X15548 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 6-29 6-29 6-30 6-29 7-1 7-1 7-3 7-2 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 9 TABLE 6. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA,1 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 213 211 200 200 197 195 191 188 188 188 185 184 183 183 182 182 182 181 180 180 177 177 177 176 174 163 152 184.7 19.1 7.4 2 Lodged stalks pct. 8.0 6.0 3.0 7.0 11.0 6.0 5.0 14.0 12.0 5.0 4.0 11.0 3.0 4.0 1.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 15.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 8.0 17.0 9.0 17.0 14.0 Husk cover rating2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. 57.0 57.0 55.2 54.5 58.2 52.7 54.8 56.4 58.0 56.0 56.8 56.8 59.2 55.1 54.5 53.6 58.8 54.1 57.3 52.9 56.9 56.8 53.8 57.6 53.7 55.3 57.9 Harvest moisture pct. 15.6 16.9 17.1 16.5 16.0 16.2 16.5 15.5 16.8 16.1 16.0 16.4 15.5 15.6 15.6 16.8 16.4 15.9 15.5 17.8 16.2 16.1 16.6 15.3 16.5 16.1 15.0 AgriPro AP 9707 Garst 8222IT TR702E SS 900 BT Pioneer 3223 SS 859 CL Garst 8220 Pioneer 3163 3 Funk’s G-4581 Funk’s DG 5516 Garst 8251IT Dekalb DK 697 Pioneer 33G26 TR 1157 TR 1089 RR Funk’s 5510A Pioneer 31R88 SS 849 CL Pioneer 31G98 Pioneer 3167 3 Pioneer 32K61 TR 1166 BT Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 3245 3 TR 1106 CG 818 TR 1129 RR Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 6-13 6-12 6-13 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-12 6-12 6-12 6-13 6-12 6-12 6-8 6-12 6-12 6-12 6-13 6-13 6-12 6-10 6-13 6-12 6-11 6-12 6-9 1 The test received approximately 10.5 inches of irrigation water. comparison. 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard hybrids for 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 7. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN AT P RATTVILLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1998-00 Brand name–hybrid 3-yr. (1998-00) bu. ———Yield per acre, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) bu. 80 75 73 62 _ 102 97 89 78 83 3-yr. (1998-00) pct. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) pct. 3.7 4.0 5.0 6.0 _ 1.5 2.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 Pioneer 3167 1 Pioneer 3163 1 Pioneer 3223 Pioneer 32K61 Dekalb DK 687 1 Standard hybrids for comparison. TABLE 8. 2000 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL A VERAGES OF HYBRID C HARACTERISTICS AT PRATTVILLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA Brand name–hybrid Prattville1 bu. 57 53 46 46 45 44 43 43 43 42 42 40 40 39 39 36 36 34 29 41.8 10.0 17.0 Yield per a. bu. 57 53 46 46 45 44 43 43 43 42 42 40 40 39 39 36 36 34 29 —————2000 Regional Averages————— Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest stalks weight silk cover moisture pct. lb./bu. mo.-da. rating1 pct. 3.0 2.0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 0 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 57.1 55.8 55.6 53.0 55.1 53.0 54.9 54.5 53.4 55.3 55.2 55.0 56.5 57.8 55.9 53.1 52.8 56.0 52.8 6-14 6-14 6-13 6-13 6-15 6-13 6-14 6-13 6-13 6-14 6-12 6-13 6-14 6-14 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-14 6-14 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 1 2 1 2 12.0 11.6 11.5 10.5 13.1 11.7 11.8 10.9 11.3 11.1 13.5 12.5 12.2 12.2 11.2 11.6 10.0 12.4 11.0 Pioneer 31G98 Pioneer 3163 2 Funk’s DG 5516 CG 818 Pioneer 3167 2 Pioneer 31R88 Garst 8251IT Dekalb DK 697 TR 1157 TR702E Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3223 Garst 8222IT TR 1166 BT TR 1129 RR TR 1089 RR Funk’s 5510A Dekalb DK 687 TR 1106 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 2 Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 11 TABLE 9. EARLY CORN HYBRID TEST Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 bu. bu. bu. 94 87 86 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 112 104 105 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 59 35 33 46 45 44 44 40 39 35 41.9 11.9 19.5 AT S HORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1998-00 ————2000———— MidTest Harvest -silk weight moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. pct. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 57.1 59.1 53.0 54.7 54.3 54.3 55.0 53.8 54.8 50.9 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 pct. pct. pct. 4.7 4.0 1.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7.0 5.5 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14.0 11.0 3.0 26.0 8.0 12.0 6.0 20.0 4.0 33.0 Pioneer 3394 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3245 1 SS 729 CL SS 747 Dekalb DK 668 Pioneer 34B23 SS 710 Dekalb DK 650 SS 670 BT Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 Standard mid to late season hybrids. TABLE 10. CHARACTERISTICS OF CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR TALLASSEE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 13 12 8 8 8 7 7 5 8.4 3.8 30.7 2 IN PRELIMINARY TEST Test weight lb./bu. 52.9 50.3 50.4 52.2 55.6 51.7 50.9 52.3 AT Lodged stalks pct. 54.0 53.0 52.0 29.0 33.0 33.0 53.0 26.0 Husk cover rating1 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 Midsilk mo.-da. Harvest moisture pct. 17.6 18.6 13.8 13.1 14.7 12.2 18.5 14.7 Dyna-Gro X15548 Pioneer 3167 2 Novartis N83-N5 Asgrow RX 764 Novartis N79-L3 Dekalb DKC65-25 Novartis N91-R9 Pioneer 3163 2 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 6-20 6-19 6-19 6-16 6-17 6-18 6-19 6-19 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. 12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 11. CHARACTERISTICS OF IRRIGATED CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT TALLASSEE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA,1 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 135 116 110 95 94 86 85 75 99.3 16.6 11.4 2 Lodged stalks pct. 40.0 40.0 61.0 56.0 34.0 60.0 65.0 69.0 Husk cover rating2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. 52.3 51.2 51.8 58.0 54.6 53.9 52.8 54.1 Harvest moisture pct. 20.0 21.8 21.3 16.4 16.1 16.9 18.2 18.8 Dyna-Gro X15548 Pioneer 3167 3 Novartis N83Novartis N79-L3 Asgrow RX 764 Dekalb DKC65-25 Pioneer 3163 3 Novartis N91-R9 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 6-15 6-15 615 6-13 6-10 6-12 6-15 6-15 1 The test received approximately 9.1 inches of irrigation water. son. 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard hybrids for compari- TABLE 12. 2000 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS AT MARION JUNCTION IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 104 102 94 94 92 92 89 88 87 87 86 86 85 82 80 78 77 74 71 62 85.4 20.3 16.8 2 Lodged stalks pct. 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 1.0 0 1.0 0 0 Husk cover rating1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. 57.9 56.0 57.6 55.5 59.3 57.0 60.1 54.5 54.5 56.4 58.1 57.0 55.9 56.8 55.2 57.5 56.1 57.2 56.9 55.1 Harvest moisture pct. 11.4 13.2 12.0 13.4 11.8 11.3 13.5 13.0 11.2 11.4 11.4 12.5 12.2 11.9 11.8 13.9 12.0 11.7 12.4 12.0 TR 1166 BT Garst 8220 Dekalb DK 687 SS 900 BT Pioneer 33J56 TR 1129 RR Dyna-Gro X15548 SS 859 CL SS 849 CL TR 1157 AgriPro HS9843 Garst 8251IT Funk’s 5510A Pioneer 3163 2 TR 1089 RR Pioneer 3167 2 CG 818 TR702E AgriPro AP9939 TR 1106 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 13 FOR TABLE 13. TWO- AND THREE- YEAR YIELD AND L ODGING AVERAGES FOR S OUTHERN ALABAMA, 1 1998-00 Brand name–hybrid 3-yr. (1998-00) bu. CORN ———Yield per acre, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) bu. 105 105 104 104 103 102 100 98 96 93 _ _ _ _ 2 3-yr. (1998-00) pct. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 2-yr. (1999-00) pct. 1.8 0.2 1.7 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.2 6.3 0.0 _ _ _ _ 2.5 0.3 2.5 1.2 1.8 1.3 1.8 1.7 9.5 0 1.0 9.0 1.8 1.5 AgriPro AP 9909 Pioneer 3223 Funk’s DG 5516 Funk’s 5510A Dekalb DK 687 AgriPro AP 9707 Pioneer 3163 2 AgriPro HS9843 Pioneer 3167 2 Pioneer 32K61 SS 849 CL SS 859 CL Funk’s G-4581 AgriPro AP9939 1 120 121 119 122 118 117 114 112 109 103 119 118 115 114 Fairhope, Brewton, and Monroeville. Standard hybrids for comparison. 14 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 14. 2000 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN S OUTHERN ALABAMA Brand name–hybrid Fairhope bu. 102 114 108 114 117 105 99 98 110 104 111 112 91 96 79 78 95 91 102 101 95 92 85 86 90 94 71 97.6 17.9 13.0 2 Brewton bu. 104 84 100 94 87 92 103 109 83 83 83 76 92 84 105 104 81 88 82 79 75 79 69 71 62 53 61 84.4 21.9 18.4 Monroeville bu. 28 34 23 24 22 29 22 14 25 28 20 23 28 29 22 22 27 21 14 17 24 21 23 18 16 14 16 22.2 5.7 18.1 ——————2000 Regional Averages—————— Yield Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest per a. stalks weight silk cover moisture bu. pct. lb./bu. mo.-da. rating1 pct. 78 77 77 77 75 75 75 73 73 72 71 70 70 70 68 68 68 67 66 65 64 64 59 58 56 54 49 3.3 4.3 5.0 13.7 2.0 1.7 2.0 7.7 0.7 3.3 17.3 8.0 2.3 1.3 0.7 0.3 2.3 3.7 2.7 0 0.3 4.7 3.0 18.0 0 0 0.3 58.8 58.3 57.9 55.2 55.9 55.2 56.3 58.1 56.8 57.8 54.7 57.0 59.2 57.0 43.8 59.5 56.9 56.6 56.4 58.5 58.8 55.9 56.6 54.9 59.1 55.6 56.3 5-29 5-29 5-28 6-2 5-27 5-29 5-31 6-1 5-28 5-29 6-2 5-28 5-31 5-31 5-31 5-26 5-31 6-1 5-30 5-28 5-26 5-28 5-31 6-5 5-29 5-25 5-31 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 21.9 24.4 22.4 23.1 25.1 23.2 23.1 23.4 23.5 22.2 23.4 22.7 22.1 24.0 21.7 22.4 24.5 23.9 21.6 23.1 21.2 22.1 21.6 25.7 22.2 19.0 21.5 Funk’s G4581 AgriPro AP 9909 Funk’s DG 5516 SS 900 BT Funk’s 5510A SS 849 CL Pioneer 31R88 Dekalb DK 697 CG 818 AgriPro HS9843 SS 859 CL Garst 8251IT Pioneer 31G98 TR702E Pioneer 3223 TR 1166 BT AgriPro AP9939 Dekalb DK 687 AgriPro AP 9707 Garst 8222IT TR 1129 RR TR 1157 Pioneer 3163 2 Pioneer 3167 2 Pioneer 32K61 TR 1089 RR TR 1106 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 15 TABLE 15. I RRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, HEADLAND, ALABAMA, 1 1998-00 Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 bu. bu. bu. 166 156 156 153 152 149 147 145 142 132 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 139.6 22.5 11.4 2 —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 pct. pct. pct. 1.7 2.3 7.3 2.3 3.0 2.7 6.3 0.7 3.0 5.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.5 0.5 1.0 0 2.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.5 0.5 2.0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3.0 1.0 2.0 0 4.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 4.0 4.0 0 0 1.0 5.0 1.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 4.0 2.0 7.0 3.0 2.0 ————2000———— MidTest Husk Harvest -silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating2 pct. 5-31 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-5 6-3 6-3 6-3 6-2 5-30 6-5 6-5 6-3 6-1 5-31 6-6 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-1 6-5 6-3 5-30 6-4 5-31 5-28 5-26 6-2 6-4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 Funk’s DG 5516 AgriPro AP 9707 Pioneer 3167 3 Pioneer 3223 AgriPro AP 9909 AgriPro HS9843 Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3163 3 Funk’s 5510A AgriPro AP9939 SS 859 CL Funk’s G-4581 SS 849 CL Pioneer 31R88 TR702E Pioneer 31G98 Garst 8251IT Pioneer 3146 Garst 8222IT SS 900 BT TR 1157 TR 1166 BT Dekalb DK 697 CG 818 TR 1129 RR TR 1089 RR Pioneer 3245 3 TR 1106 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 164 156 160 154 147 151 154 148 138 141 160 157 154 141 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 157 132 157 135 134 144 150 145 121 137 148 153 154 129 162 159 158 155 147 147 142 140 138 135 127 120 115 108 101 1 The test received approximately 14.0 inches of irrigation water. hybrids. 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard mid to late season 16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 16. EARLY CORN HYBRID TEST Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 bu. bu. bu. 127 119 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 89.3 10.8 8.4 2 AT FAIRHOPE IN S OUTHERN ALABAMA, 1998-00 ————2000———— MidTest Husk Harvest -silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating1 pct. 5-18 5-18 5-15 517 5-15 5-23 5-17 5-16 5-17 5-17 60.5 58.8 56.5 56.1 56.6 58.6 57.1 57.7 56.9 53.8 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 17.9 18.2 16.0 15.2 15.2 17.8 16.0 18.2 16.5 13.5 —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1998-00 1999-00 2000 pct. pct. pct. 0.3 0.7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0.5 1.0 0.5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 3.0 0 2.0 5.0 3.0 8.0 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 3245 2 Pioneer 3394 SS 710 SS 729 CL Dekalb DK 650 SS 747 Pioneer 34B23 Dekalb DK 668 SS 670 BT Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 125 121 122 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 89 77 83 108 97 91 89 88 86 84 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard mid to late season hybrids. TABLE 17. CHARACTERISTICS OF CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT FAIRHOPE IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 2000 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. 119 101 97 92 91 82 79 66 90.8 13.3 10.0 2 Lodged stalks pct. 1.0 0 2.0 0 3.0 1.0 0 2.0 Husk cover rating1 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. 58.7 61.9 58.4 58.4 57.9 54.6 59.0 58.2 Harvest moisture pct. 18.3 19.8 17.4 15.7 17.0 22.3 18.7 23.8 Novartis N83-N5 Novartis N79-L3 Dekalb DKC65-25 Asgrow RX 764 Pioneer 3163 2 Pioneer 3167 2 Dyna-Gro X15548 Novartis N91-R9 Test Average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 5-23 5-24 5-27 5-23 5-30 5-30 5-29 5-30 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,2000 17 TABLE 18. G ROWING S EASON RAINFALL, 1998-00 Test location Year Mar. ————————Monthly rainfall (inches)———————— Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. 8.6 3.8 4.3 7.1 3.5 8.9 3.6 1.4 7.5 2.2 1.9 5.2 2.8 1.7 2.4 4.3 0.8 4.3 2.5 2.6 3.6 1.6 1.6 6.2 1.1 0.1 4.5 0.5 1.2 2.7 0.7 4.7 2.4 1.7 4.4 1.6 1.7 3.6 1.7 1.8 3.3 4.4 0.6 3.2 2.5 0.8 1.3 1.2 0.4 4.5 2.2 4.1 5.5 0.8 0.7 3.2 0.8 0.1 6.0 0.5 4.1 6.5 1.8 4.9 10.5 3.6 1.6 12.2 3.9 1.6 9.2 2.6 2.6 9.6 2.7 2.7 12.1 2.9 6.5 7.7 1.4 8.6 9.2 1.7 4.2 8.3 2.2 1.8 5.9 2.4 0.7 3.6 5.3 0.9 6.1 3.5 3.1 3.1 6.1 1.0 3.5 2.6 2.4 10.7 4.1 0.8 5.2 6.3 3.2 3.7 7.2 3.4 12.1 8.4 3.2 9.7 6.2 1.3 4.1 9.6 2.7 0.2 1.8 1.7 1.6 2.5 3.5 1.9 1.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 1.1 2.6 3.4 2.2 1.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 9.8 4.4 7.9 5.1 3.0 6.0 5.9 2.6 1.1 3.9 1.7 0.6 0.9 4.0 1.7 0.5 4.9 4.0 8.8 3.9 2.1 9.9 7.3 1.8 8.6 4.1 3.3 9.1 3.1 2.1 17.7 5.5 2.8 25.9 9.5 2.3 24.1 6.1 1.5 4.7 7-month total 24.0 24.5 20.8 25.4 31.6 26.4 23.9 32.1 35.7 17.6 27.1 33.4 21.5 34.5 29.0 19.1 30.3 29.7 21.5 31.2 47.6 31.5 47.2 61.1 25.8 35.4 49.8 15.7 23.1 33.0 Belle Mina ................ 2000 1999 1998 Crossville .................. 2000 1999 1998 Tallassee ................... 2000 1999 1998 Shorter ..................... 2000 1999 1998 Prattville ................... 2000 1999 1998 Marion Junction ...... 2000 1999 1998 Monroeville .............. 2000 1999 1998 Brewton .................... 2000 1999 1998 Fairhope ................... 2000 1999 1998 Headland .................. 2000 1999 1998 5.5 5.1 4.3 5.1 3.8 5.8 5.5 5.9 6.3 4.7 4.7 6.5 4.7 4.9 5.3 4.2 6.3 3.7 3.5 8.2 5.7 3.9 8.1 13.0 4.1 5.8 6.1 3.3 3.3 9.2 18 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 19. SOIL TYPES Test location FOR CORN T RIALS, 2000 Soil type North Belle Mina ...................................................... Decatur silt loam Crossville ....................................................... Wynnville fine sandy loam Central Tallassee ......................................................... Cahaba loamy sand Shorter ............................................................ Norfolk sandy loam Prattville ......................................................... Lucedale fine sandy loam Marion Junction .............................................. Vaiden clay South Monroeville .................................................... Lucedale loam Brewton .......................................................... Benndale fine sandy loam Headland ........................................................ Dothan sandy loam Fairhope ................................................................ Malbis fine sandy loam S OURCES OF 2000 CORN HYBRID TEST S EED Seed company Brand Seed company Brand AgriPro Seeds 761Walnut Knoll Lane Memphis, TN 38018 Croplan Genetics 6555 Quince Rd. Memphis, TN 38119 Novartis Seed, Inc Route 1 Box 360 Ayden, NC 28513 Monsanto Company 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 AgriPro, Garst CG, TR Pioneer Hi-Bred Int, Inc. 6767 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 Southern States Coop P.O. Box 26230 Richmond, VA 23260 United Agri Products P.O. Box 534 Athens, AL 35611 Pioneer SS N79-L3 N83-N5 N91-R9 Asgrow, Dekalb Funk’s