EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 1 2 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 3 Table of Contents Page Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Interpretation of Data ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 1999 Corn Hybrid Tests ....................................................... 6 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Northern Alabama, 1997-99 ................................................................................................................. 7 1999 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama ................................................................................... 8 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1997-99 ................................................... 9 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1999 .................................................................................................. 9 Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 1999 ........................ 10 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Central Alabama, 1997-99 ................................................................................................................... 11 1999 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Central Alabama ........................................................................................ 11 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 1997-99 ........................................................ 12 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 1999 .................................................................................................... 12 Characteristics of Irrigated Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 1999 .................................................................................................... 13 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Southern Alabama, 1997-99 ................................................................................................................ 13 1999 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama ..................................................................................... 14 Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 1997-99 .............................................................................................................. 15 Early Corn Hybrid Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1997-99 ................................................... 16 Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1999 .................................................................................................. 16 Growing Season Rainfall, 1997-99 ...................................................................................................... 17 Soil Types for Corn Trials, 1999 ......................................................................................................... 18 Sources of 1999 Corn Hybrid Test Seed .................................................................................................................. 18 Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Acknowledgments Appreciation is expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation, summarization, and analysis of the data in this report. Appreciation is also expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris and Ellis Burgess, Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center; Tony Dawkins, Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center; Randall Rawls, Upper Coastal Plains Research Station; Jimmy Holliman, Black Belt Research and Extension Center; Don Moore, Prattville Experiment Field; James Bannon, Bobby Durbin, and Steve Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Joe Little, Lower Coastal Plain Research Station; Randy Akridge, Brewton and Monroeville Experiment Fields; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Research and Extension Center. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 5 Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 1999 K. M. Glass and P. L. Mask1 INTRODUCTION Selected corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central, and southern regions of Alabama. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test, it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at three locations in the northern region, three locations in the central region, and four locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. A white corn hybrid test is normally conducted at Crossville in northern Alabama but this year, with only two entries, they were added to the end of the regular test. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at both Belle Mina and Headland and a preliminary test is irrigated at Tallassee. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. PROCEDURE All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Belle Mina, Tallassee, and Headland are seeded at a rate to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 pounds) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. In 1998, the virus test at Marion Junction was not harvested due to extremely dry growing conditions. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are “true” or “real” differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this, a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a “least significant difference” (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is 1 Glass is an Agricultural Program Associate and Mask is a Professor in the Auburn University Department of Agronomy and Soils. 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. With this in mind it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSDs vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low, a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CVs of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the “risk level” of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 17), and soil types (Table 18) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. TABLE 1. L OCATIONS AND C ULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 1999 CORN HYBRID T ESTS Planting Location date Nitrogen rate1 Plant population Date harvested Herbicides used NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Substation (Belle Mina) Regular test (unirrigated) Regular test (irrigated) Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) Early corn test Regular test Preliminary test Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield) CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) Early corn test Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Preliminary test Preliminary test (irrigated) Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Black Belt Substation (Marion Junction) Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden) SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) Monroeville Experiment Field (Monroeville) Wiregrass Substation (Headland) Regular test (unirrigated) Regular test (irrigated) Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) Early corn test Regular test Preliminary test 1 April 5 April 5 April 5 April 12 April 12 April 13 150 175 150 150 150 120 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 Sept. 9 Sept. 10 Sept. 2 Sept. 2 Sept. 2 Sept. 16 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual/ Broadstrike Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual April 5 April 5 April 5 March 29 April 14 April 20 March 24 March 26 March 24 March 24 March 4 March 24 March 24 150 150 150 120 120 140 140 140 120 200 150 110 150 20,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 Aug. 11 Aug. 23 Aug. 23 Sept. 2 Not harvested Aug. 17 Aug. 17 Aug. 6 Aug. 24 Aug. 24 Aug. 4 Aug. 11 Aug. 9 Pounds per acre N. Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 7 TABLE 2. T WO- AND T HREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN FOR NORTHERN ALABAMA ,1 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid ———Yield per acre, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) bu. 2-yr. (1998-99) lb./bu. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) pct. 2-yr. (1998-99) pct. Dekalb DK 687 HyPerformer AP 9707 Pioneer 31632 Funk’s DG 5516 Terra TR 1185 Pioneer 3223 Pioneer 32K61 Funk’s 5510A Terra TR 1167 Pioneer 31672 Hy Performer HS9843 Terra TR 1154 Funk’s 4653 AgriPro AP 9909 Garst 8222IT Pioneer 33G26 1 122 122 119 119 118 118 117 114 112 112 107 105 2 128 121 121 119 116 116 116 110 112 107 105 107 123 117 116 102 1.1 1.9 1.7 1.2 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.8 - 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.2 2.2 1.0 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.5 0.8 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.5 Belle Mina, Crossville, and Winfield. Standard hybrids for comparison. 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 3. 1999 Y IELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL A VERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA Brand name–hybrid Belle Mina bu. Crossville bu. Winfield bu. ——————1999 Regional Averages—————— Yield Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest per a. bu. stalks % weight lb./bu. silk mo.-da. cover moisture rating1 pct. Dekalb DK 687 Funk’s 4653 Asgrow RX 770 SS 729 CL SS 859 CL HyPerformer AP 9707 SS 849 CL Garst 8222IT Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 31632 Garst 8220 Terra TR 1185 Funk’s DG 5516 Pioneer 3223 Pioneer 31672 Pioneer 33J56 Funk’s 5510A Pioneer 33K81 Asgrow RX 740 Terra TR 1154 AgriPro AP 9909 Terra TR 1167 Pioneer 33G26 SS 769 Bt SS 726 Hy Performer HS9843 Pioneer 3563 Asgrow RX 889 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) White Corn Zimmerman Z62W Zimmerman 1851W 1 176 162 176 169 188 178 168 183 166 176 166 156 168 173 163 170 167 150 169 158 159 156 161 170 141 153 155 148 165.1 17.2 7.4 196 193 180 192 162 169 192 134 201 179 185 211 170 174 192 167 144 177 135 145 165 148 160 138 155 115 144 138 166.2 41.5 17.7 144 160 152 145 154 155 140 180 129 137 139 117 145 130 121 135 144 124 145 146 122 142 121 123 115 136 89 94 135.1 27.4 14.3 172 172 170 169 168 167 166 165 165 164 163 161 161 159 158 157 152 150 150 149 149 149 147 143 137 135 129 127 0.7 1.7 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.7 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.0 1.3 2.0 0.3 1.3 1.3 2.3 1.7 1.7 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.7 58.0 58.1 57.0 56.9 55.5 56.8 54.8 58.5 60.8 57.4 55.3 57.8 57.4 58.2 58.2 58.9 55.9 59.2 59.2 57.3 58.7 57.4 59.1 57.9 56.4 57.8 58.8 57.9 6-26 6-24 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-25 6-24 6-23 6-23 6-25 6-26 6-25 6-23 6-25 6-27 6-23 6-23 6-25 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-23 6-23 6-23 6-24 6-24 6-23 6-24 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 2 1 3 2 3 1 2 2 12.1 11.9 12.3 11.5 11.9 11.6 11.3 12.4 11.6 11.2 11.5 12.2 11.4 11.9 12.3 11.3 11.7 11.7 11.5 12.0 11.3 11.4 11.5 12.5 11.4 11.7 11.4 11.6 2 166 163 - 166 163 1.0 0 - 7-2 7-2 2 1 16.9 18.0 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 9 T ABLE 4. E ARLY CORN HYBRID T EST AT CROSSVILLE IN NORTHERN A LABAMA, 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 bu. bu. bu. —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 pct. pct. pct. ————1999———— MidTest Husk Harvest silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating1 pct. Pioneer 3245 Terra TR 1106 Pioneer 32K61 Funk’s DG 5516 Pioneer 33G26 Funk’s 5510A Pioneer 33J56 Dekalb DK 595 Dekalb DK 611 Pioneer 34B23 Pioneer 33K81 Terra TR 1087 Pioneer 3563 Terra TR 1147RR Funk’s G 5505RR 2 133 132 - 132 130 145 134 132 - 170 173 187 156 167 219 202 194 186 185 183 179 169 155 150 178.3 31.5 12.4 2.3 2.3 - 1.5 2.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 2.0 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 6-23 6-25 6-23 6-25 6-23 6-24 6-23 6-22 6-24 6-23 6-24 6-25 6-22 6-24 6-24 59.8 56.5 59.7 57.2 59.3 56.7 58.5 58.2 58.6 58.8 59.8 58.1 59.7 57.0 58.2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 12.9 13.1 13.5 14.3 12.3 15.3 12.9 12.3 11.4 13.2 12.8 11.7 11.1 12.7 10.9 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 2 Standard mid to late season hybrids. T ABLE 5. CHARACTERISTICS OF CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE Y EAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT CROSSVILLE IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1999 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. Lodged stalks pct. Husk cover rating1 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. Harvest moisture pct. Dekalb DK 697 Asgrow RX 799Bt Pioneer 32452 Pioneer 31672 Pioneer 31632 Terra TR702E Dekalb DK 650 Funk’s G X5583 Funk’s G X5575 Funk’s G 5505RR SS 77095 Exp Terra TR 1157 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 189 183 171 171 165 160 149 140 138 130 122 104 151.8 54.6 25.0 2 0 0 0 1.0 0 3.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 7-5 7-1 7-4 7-5 7-3 7-5 7-5 7-3 7-3 7-2 7-2 7-4 58.8 57.2 58.9 58.4 56.7 57.3 57.5 57.4 57.0 56.3 55.2 55.8 14.3 15.3 13.3 17.2 12.8 16.1 14.5 15.0 14.8 12.6 14.4 15.4 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 6. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA,1 1999 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. Lodged stalks pct. Husk cover rating2 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. Harvest moisture pct. SS 859 CL SS 849 CL Pioneer 31633 Funk’s 5510A Garst 8222IT Pioneer 33J56 Pioneer 3223 HyPerformer AP 9707 Dekalb DK 687 Asgrow RX 770 Garst 8220 Funk’s 4653 Pioneer 32453 AgriPro AP 9909 Pioneer 31673 Pioneer 32K61 Terra TR 1167 Asgrow RX 740 SS 769 Bt Funk’s DG 5516 SS 729 CL Terra TR 1185 Terra TR 1154 Pioneer 33G26 Asgrow RX 889 HyPerformer HS9843 Pioneer 33K81 Pioneer 3563 SS 726 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 235 228 226 222 221 215 215 214 213 213 213 211 207 207 206 205 204 203 201 201 201 199 198 192 192 191 190 175 170 205.7 15.1 5.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 0 1.0 0 1.0 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 2 6-16 6-15 6-17 6-15 6-14 6-14 6-17 6-16 6-17 6-13 6-16 6-14 6-17 6-16 6-19 6-16 6-15 6-14 6-14 6-16 6-15 6-15 6-14 6-15 6-15 6-17 6-15 6-13 6-17 55.7 55.0 56.0 55.6 59.1 58.1 57.4 57.0 57.5 56.5 56.5 57.7 59.5 58.3 58.0 60.5 57.4 59.6 58.6 56.8 57.3 58.0 56.4 58.4 57.1 57.1 58.3 59.1 57.4 9.9 10.1 9.7 10.9 11.4 10.1 10.5 10.0 10.6 10.2 11.3 10.8 11.0 11.1 12.1 11.3 10.4 10.2 10.4 9.9 10.0 10.9 9.9 10.5 10.3 10.3 10.0 10.8 9.9 The test received approximately 5.3 inches of irrigation water. son. 2 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard hybrids for compari- EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 11 T ABLE 7. TWO- AND THREE -YEAR YIELD AND L ODGING A VERAGES FOR Y ELLOW CORN FOR CENTRAL ALABAMA ,1 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid ———Yield per acre, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) bu. 2-yr. (1998-99) lb./bu. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) pct. 2-yr. (1998-99) pct. Pioneer 31672 Pioneer 3223 HyPerformer HS9843 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 31632 Terra TR 1154 Terra TR 1185 Terra TR 1167 Pioneer 31B13 Pioneer 33G26 1 106 106 93 92 91 89 86 84 2 100 99 85 80 81 89 79 81 99 61 2.8 3.0 2.5 3.5 3.5 2.8 5.0 3.3 - 3.0 4.0 3.5 5.3 5.0 4.0 6.5 4.3 6.8 7.5 Prattville and Camden. Standard hybrids for comparison. T ABLE 8. 1999 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL A VERAGES OF H YBRID C HARACTERISTICS IN CENTRAL A LABAMA Brand name–hybrid Prattville1 bu. Camden bu. Yield per a. bu. —————1999 Regional Averages————— Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest stalks % weight lb./bu. silk mo.-da. cover rating2 moisture pct. Pioneer 31B13 Pioneer 31673 Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 3223 Terra TR 1154 SS 849 CL Pioneer 31633 SS 769 Bt AgriPro AP9939 Pioneer 32K61 SS 729 CL Terra TR 1167 HyPerformer HS9843 Terra TR 1185 Pioneer 33G26 SS 726 SS 859 CL Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 148 160 133 138 135 131 140 131 130 113 123 100 129 118 83 100 108 124.7 30.6 17.3 177 159 168 154 148 149 138 144 143 151 137 156 124 113 131 113 104 141.5 27.7 13.7 162 159 150 146 142 140 139 137 137 132 130 128 127 116 107 107 106 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 1.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 3.0 4.0 4.5 4.5 57.3 57.4 57.0 56.3 56.9 53.9 57.3 58.1 56.0 59.9 56.8 57.3 56.9 55.7 57.2 55.7 53.0 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-20 6-18 6-17 6-19 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-18 6-20 6-18 6-16 6-18 6-18 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 14.2 14.8 14.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 14.5 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.4 14.4 14.2 14.5 13.7 14.2 13.4 Stands were low due to chinch bug infestation. 2 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard hybrids for comparison. 12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 9. EARLY CORN HYBRID T EST AT SHORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA , 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 bu. bu. bu. —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 pct. pct. pct. ————1999———— MidTest Harvest -silk weight moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. pct. Pioneer 3245 Pioneer 3394 Terra TR 1106 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 33G26 Dekalb DK 611 Pioneer 33K81 Terra TR 1087 Dekalb DK 595 Terra TR 1147RR 1 138 136 131 - 113 112 110 112 110 - 178 164 172 172 162 172 168 164 151 139 164.2 12.3 5.2 0.7 0 0 - 1.0 0 0 0.5 3.0 - 1.0 0 0 0 2.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 0 6-13 6-11 6-14 6-13 6-13 6-13 6-12 6-11 6-9 6-11 60.1 57.9 55.4 60.6 59.5 58.0 59.2 58.2 57.1 57.4 23.2 21.4 24.9 22.8 22.8 23.1 22.9 22.4 22.3 22.3 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 Standard mid to late season hybrids. TABLE 10. C HARACTERISTICS OF C ORN H YBRIDS T ESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT TALLASSEE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1999 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. Lodged stalks pct. Husk cover rating1 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. Harvest moisture pct. Pioneer 3163 SS 77095 Exp Dekalb DK 697 Pioneer 31672 Dekalb DK 650 Terra TR 1157 Pioneer 32452 Terra TR702E Asgrow RX 799Bt 2 214 204 200 199 194 190 182 181 181 193.8 17.4 6.1 2 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 1.0 2.0 0 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 6-15 6-15 6-15 6-16 6-15 6-14 6-14 6-17 6-13 59.4 54.6 60.2 60.0 60.3 57.0 61.1 59.2 60.0 14.8 12.6 15.9 18.5 15.3 14.6 14.5 16.6 14.4 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 13 TABLE 11. CHARACTERISTICS OF IRRIGATED CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT TALLASSEE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA,1 1999 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. Lodged stalks pct. Husk cover rating2 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. Harvest moisture pct. Pioneer 31633 Dekalb DK 697 Pioneer 32453 Pioneer 31673 Terra TR702E Terra TR 1157 SS 77095 Exp Dekalb DK 650 Asgrow RX 799Bt Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 238 230 221 219 219 218 216 212 206 219.6 14.0 4.4 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 6-14 6-14 6-13 6-15 6-15 6-13 6-13 6-14 6-13 58.6 60.4 61.6 60.6 60.0 58.0 55.6 60.2 60.2 15.3 16.9 15.2 19.2 17.3 15.0 13.1 15.8 15.3 The test received approximately 1.3 inches of irrigation water. son. 2 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard hybrids for compari- T ABLE 12. TWO- AND THREE -YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN FOR SOUTHERN ALABAMA ,1 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid ———Yield per acre, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) bu. 2-yr. (1998-99) bu. ———Lodged stalks, av.——— 3-yr. (1997-99) pct. 2-yr. (1998-99) pct. Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 3223 HyPerformer AP 9707 Funk’s DG 5516 Pioneer 31632 Terra TR 1154 Funk’s 5510A HyPerformer HS9843 Pioneer 31672 Terra TR 1185 Pioneer 32K61 AgriPro AP 9909 HyPerformer HY 9646 Terra TR 1167 Funk’s 4653 1 127 125 121 120 120 118 116 115 112 112 112 2 110 113 108 106 106 104 102 103 104 104 98 111 110 105 101 Standard hybrids for comparison. 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.2 1.4 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 - 0 0 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 0 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 Fairhope, Brewton, Monroeville, and Headland. 14 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION T ABLE 13. 1999 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF H YBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brand name–hybrid Fairhope bu. Brew- Monroe- Headton bu. ville bu. land bu. —————1999 Regional Averages————— Yield Lodged Test MidHusk Harvest per a. bu. stalks % weight silk cover moisture lb./bu. mo.-da. rating1 pct. Pioneer 3223 Dekalb DK 687 AgriPro AP 9909 HyPerformer HY 9646 HyPerformer AP 9707 Pioneer 31632 AgriPro AP9939 Asgrow RX 913 Pioneer 31672 Funk’s DG 5516 HyPerformer HS9843 Funk’s 5510A SS 859 CL SS 849 CL Terra TR 1167 Terra TR 1154 Funk’s 4653 SS 729 CL Terra TR 1185 Funk’s G-4581 Asgrow RX 889 Asgrow RX 770 Pioneer 32K61 SS 769 Bt SS 726 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 170 174 163 168 166 158 166 163 167 159 151 174 167 162 158 154 163 152 159 145 158 156 158 153 145 160.2 14.6 6.5 2 153 149 139 143 143 149 131 140 145 138 129 135 137 135 140 131 138 130 126 135 126 127 125 118 111 134.8 12.2 6.4 197 187 183 188 194 203 183 190 168 187 181 195 192 191 174 191 183 182 175 176 176 181 171 181 152 183.0 15.6 6.1 92 84 97 82 70 56 82 65 73 68 91 41 47 51 66 58 41 58 58 61 56 52 45 39 36 62.8 23.8 26.6 153 148 146 145 143 142 140 139 138 138 138 136 136 135 134 133 131 130 130 129 129 129 124 123 111 0 0 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.0 0.3 0 0.3 1.0 0.5 0 1.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 0 0 0.3 58.2 57.6 58.9 56.5 57.2 57.0 57.3 58.0 57.9 57.6 58.1 55.0 54.9 55.1 57.8 57.0 57.8 57.3 57.5 58.4 57.3 56.6 60.3 59.0 56.8 6-2 6-2 6-2 6-2 6-3 6-3 6-5 6-1 6-3 6-3 6-1 6-1 6-3 6-1 6-2 5-30 6-1 5-31 6-2 6-4 6-1 5-31 6-2 5-31 5-31 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 17.1 17.3 18.2 16.6 16.7 17.0 18.0 17.7 19.4 16.6 16.6 18.9 17.7 17.6 16.5 16.2 17.3 16.1 18.2 17.0 17.0 16.6 17.4 17.0 16.1 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 15 TABLE 14. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, H EADLAND, A LABAMA,1 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 bu. bu. bu. —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 pct. pct. pct. ————1999———— MidTest Husk Harvest -silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating2 pct. HyPerformer AP 9707 Funk’s DG 5516 Pioneer 3223 Pioneer 31633 Pioneer 31673 HyPerformer HS9843 Dekalb DK 687 Pioneer 32K61 Terra TR 1154 Terra TR 1185 Funk’s 5510A HyPerformer HY 9646 Terra TR 1167 AgriPro AP 9909 Funk’s 4653 AgriPro AP9939 Asgrow RX 913 SS 859 CL SS 729 CL Funk’s G-4581 SS 849 CL Asgrow RX 889 SS 769 Bt Asgrow RX 770 SS 726 Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 175 175 168 159 156 156 156 153 152 149 141 - 169 170 162 153 156 151 146 145 138 146 129 162 161 161 147 - 181 172 174 156 162 158 157 152 157 139 145 167 166 160 147 171 162 162 155 154 154 148 147 137 122 156.1 19.6 8.9 2.7 1.7 3.0 2.3 7.3 3.3 5.3 0.7 3.0 4.0 5.7 - 3.0 1.0 3.5 3.0 10.0 3.0 8.0 0 1.5 5.0 7.5 3.5 5.5 2.5 2.0 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6-4 6-1 6-6 6-4 6-4 6-4 6-4 6-2 5-28 6-1 6-1 6-1 6-1 6-4 6-1 6-7 6-1 6-4 6-4 6-4 6-1 6-2 6-2 6-1 6-4 57.5 58.1 58.3 56.9 59.0 58.3 58.1 60.5 56.1 57.5 55.7 56.5 58.0 59.3 57.4 58.8 59.4 56.0 58.0 59.3 55.5 57.5 59.2 55.4 56.9 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 The test received approximately 10.00 inches of irrigation water. hybrids. 2 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 3 Standard mid to late season 16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION T ABLE 15. EARLY CORN HYBRID TEST AT F AIRHOPE IN SOUTHERN A LABAMA, 1997-99 Brand name–hybrid —Yield per acre/av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 bu. bu. bu. —Lodged stalks, av.— 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997-99 1998-99 1999 pct. pct. pct. ————1999———— MidTest Husk Harvest -silk weight cover moisture mo.-da. lb./bu. rating1 pct. Terra TR 1106 Pioneer 32452 Pioneer 32K61 Pioneer 33G26 Funk’s DG 5516 Funk’s 5510A Pioneer 3394 Dekalb DK 611 Dekalb DK 595 Terra TR 1087 Pioneer 33K81 Funk’s G 5505RR Terra TR 1147RR Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 140 132 - 142 140 146 136 134 - 153 164 161 155 147 166 162 156 147 146 144 132 115 149.7 10.5 4.9 - 0 0.5 0 0 0 - 0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0 0 0 5-22 5-21 5-21 5-20 5-21 5-22 5-20 5-21 5-20 5-20 5-21 5-21 5-21 54.2 58.4 58.9 58.8 56.7 51.9 57.9 56.7 57.5 56.3 59.1 56.9 57.1 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 4 2 3 4 16.6 18.7 18.5 18.6 17.2 21.2 16.8 16.3 15.8 15.6 18.0 17.2 17.0 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. 2 Standard mid to late season hybrids. TABLE 16. CHARACTERISTICS OF CORN HYBRIDS TESTED ONE YEAR IN PRELIMINARY TEST AT FAIRHOPE, ALABAMA, 1999 Brand name–hybrid Av. yield per acre bu. Lodged stalks pct. Husk cover rating1 Midsilk mo.-da. Test weight lb./bu. Harvest moisture pct. Dekalb DK 697 Pioneer 31632 Terra TR702E Terra TR 1157 Pioneer 31672 Greenwood 830 Dekalb DK 650 SS 77095 Exp Asgrow RX 799Bt Pioneer 32452 Funk’s G X5583 Greenwood 835 Funk’s G X5575 Funk’s G 5505RR Test average LSD (.05) CV (%) 1 183 176 173 173 170 169 168 167 165 164 154 152 148 145 164.7 12.7 5.4 2 0 1.0 0 0 1.0 2.0 0 1.0 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 1.0 4 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 4 5-30 5-30 5-30 5-27 5-30 5-31 5-30 5-28 5-26 5-28 5-28 6-4 5-29 5-27 58.4 57.2 58.3 56.4 57.4 55.2 57.9 53.6 58.9 58.0 56.6 55.9 56.9 58.0 21.3 19.9 18.6 16.7 21.2 23.5 19.3 15.6 18.3 19.5 22.2 26.1 16.8 17.6 1= Excellent; 5= Very poor. Standard hybrids for comparison. EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA,1999 17 T ABLE 17. G ROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 1997-99 ————————Monthly rainfall (inches)———————— Test location Year Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. 7-month total Belle Mina ................. 1999 1998 1997 Crossville ................... 1999 1998 1997 Winfield ..................... 1999 1998 1997 Tallassee .................... 1999 1998 1997 Shorter ....................... 1999 1998 1997 Prattville .................... 1999 1998 1997 Marion Junction ....... 1999 1998 1997 Camden ..................... 1999 1998 1997 Monroeville ............... 1999 1998 1997 Brewton ..................... 1999 1998 1997 Fairhope .................... 1999 1998 1997 Headland ................... 1999 1998 1997 5.1 4.3 5.4 3.8 5.8 6.6 5.4 5.7 3.8 5.9 6.3 1.5 4.7 6.5 2.2 4.9 5.3 3.0 6.3 3.7 2.5 6.0 5.6 2.5 8.2 5.7 2.5 8.1 13.0 4.1 5.8 6.1 3.8 3.3 9.2 2.6 3.8 4.3 4.0 3.5 8.9 5.4 5.3 6.2 3.9 1.4 7.5 7.7 1.9 5.2 7.0 1.7 2.4 6.0 0.8 4.3 7.8 2.1 3.0 8.5 2.6 3.6 6.0 1.6 6.2 7.3 0.1 4.5 6.3 1.2 2.7 5.2 4.7 2.4 3.6 4.4 1.6 8.6 3.2 1.5 11.7 3.6 1.7 5.2 3.3 4.4 3.5 3.2 2.5 3.3 1.3 1.2 4.8 3.8 2.8 7.9 4.5 2.2 7.6 5.5 0.8 4.2 3.2 0.8 8.0 6.0 0.5 4.1 6.5 1.8 6.5 10.5 3.6 8.3 6.3 2.2 10.2 12.2 3.9 8.7 9.2 2.6 5.5 9.6 2.7 6.8 12.1 2.9 12.5 6.2 3.3 1.8 7.7 1.4 5.5 9.2 1.7 6.1 8.3 2.2 5.9 5.9 2.4 5.6 3.6 5.3 1.7 6.1 3.5 3.3 2.4 11.4 4.4 3.1 6.1 2.1 3.5 2.6 2.4 10.7 4.1 3.0 5.2 6.3 5.2 2.3 6.4 2.8 3.7 7.2 2.7 12.1 8.4 2.5 9.7 6.2 28.6 4.1 9.6 4.8 0.2 1.8 4.0 1.6 2.5 2.4 0.1 3.8 3.6 1.9 1.4 3.4 2.4 2.2 3.9 2.6 3.4 3.4 1.3 2.2 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.0 2.4 9.8 1.7 7.9 5.1 2.6 6.0 5.9 1.3 1.1 3.9 2.3 0.6 0.9 5.9 1.7 0.5 7.5 2.1 0.5 1.5 4.0 8.8 4.5 2.1 9.9 3.3 1.8 8.6 2.2 3.3 9.1 4.3 5.4 10.9 0.2 2.1 17.7 0.8 2.8 25.9 1.8 2.3 24.1 1.3 1.5 4.7 3.3 24.5 20.8 31.1 31.6 26.4 42.1 24.8 31.3 39.1 32.1 35.7 33.1 27.1 33.4 27.8 34.5 29.0 27.7 30.3 29.7 38.7 27.4 34.8 25.7 31.2 47.6 26.8 47.2 61.1 28.6 35.4 49.8 55.2 23.1 33.0 27.9 18 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION T ABLE 18. SOIL TYPES FOR CORN TRIALS, 1999 Test location Soil type North Belle Mina Crossville Winfield Central Tallassee Shorter Prattville Marion Junction Camden South Monroeville Brewton Headland Fairhope Decatur silt loam Wynnville fine sandy loam Savannah loam Cahaba loamy sand Norfolk sandy loam Lucedale fine sandy loam Vaiden clay Forkland fine sandy loam Lucedale loam Benndale fine sandy loam Dothan sandy loam Malbis fine sandy loam SOURCES OF 1999 C ORN H YBRID TEST SEED Seed company Brand Seed company Brand AgriPro Seeds 761Walnut Knoll Lane Memphis, TN 38018 Garst Seed Co. 3395 Leatherwood Rd. Williamsport, TN 38487 Greenwood Hybrids 8431 Davis Road Laurel Hill, FL 32567 Monsanto Company P.O. Box 7570 Des Moines, IA 50322 Monsanto Company 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 AgriPro, HyPerformer Garst Pioneer Hi-Bred Int. 6767 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 Southern States Coop 6606 West Broad Street Richmond, VA 23260 Terra International, Inc. P.O. Box 6000 Sioux City, IA 51102 United Agri Products P.O. Box 534 Athens, AL 35611 Wilson Seeds, Inc. P.O. Box 391 Harlan, IA 51537 Pioneer SS Greenwood Terra Asgrow Funk’s Dekalb Zimmerman