BULLETIN NO. 20.

NOV. 1890.

AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT
AUBURN, ALA.

STATION,

Agricultural and Mechanical College,

SMALL FRUITS, MELONS AND VEGETABLES. Repot of Alabama Wea/lhcr Service.

SThe Bulletins of this Station will be sent Free to any citizen of the State, on application to the Director.
Smith, Allred & Co., Printers, 24 Commerce St., Montgomery, Ala.

227~

BOARD

OF VISITORS.

'COMMITTEE
HON.

OF TRUSTEES ON EXPERIMENT STATION: HON. R. F. LIGO'N,.. . HON.

J. G.

GILCHRIST,..

J. B., MITCHELL.

BOARD OF DIRECTION. W. L. BROUN..............................
........... President Director and Agriculturist
Vice-Director and Chemist

J. S.
N. T.

NEWMAN...............................
LUPTON

.............................
.......

P. H-. MELL..........................
G. F. ATK N~oN...................

... Botanist and Meteorologist
:......_.Biologist

ASSISTANTS:
ISAAC

Ross..

I:t

Assistant
.........

Agricuiturist, charge of Live Stock andDar

JAS. J. T.

CLA

YToy.....

ANDERSON,.IPii.

D ...................... irst Assistant

...........

Second Assistant Agriculturist
Chemist

L. W. \V 'L~zI1moN, M. Sc ................

P. L.
A. M. LLOYD

B. Sc..............

cIuT~cHISON.
......-

Second Assistant Chemist
.T'hird Assistant Chemist

B. Sc.........

...................

Assistant Botanist
Clerk and Accountant

W. B. FRAZER..................................

228

Notes on Small Fruits, Melons and Vegetables.
J. S. NEWMAN, JAS. CLAYTON,

Agrioniturist

sstdnthAgriioltdit.

STRAWBERRIES.

The following notes on Strawberries were made in 1889, and owing to the quantity of other ,matter presented for bulletins and the smallness of the printing fund, laid aside to be combined with similar notes in 1890. As most of the varieties were in full fruitage first of last March, the date of the memorable freeze, reliable notes could not be made. A moderate crop was produced later, but a just comparison could not be instituted between the varieties. and Parry are still the earliest varieties Early tested, and both have improved in quality and productiveness since their introduction to these grounds five years since. Of the newer kinds, Belmont, Buback, Haverland, Gandy, Hoffman and 1001 or "Eureka," are very promising. The Henderson still leads the list in its quality and its vines are becoming more vigorous and prolific as it becomes acclimated. Wilson, Agriculturist and Sharpless still hold their places as standards.

Canada

229

NOTES
ProducVARIETIES.

ON
Time of first ripe berry. Size of Fruit.' Color- of Color of Fruit. Flesh..

Plants.

tivene ss.

Agriculturist.. Vigorous. Prolific.... April it it 2 Belmont........ Bidwell........ 4 Big Bob...... Not Prolific Boyden's No. 30.. Not vigorous 6 Champion. 7 Champion of Vigorous... Prolific. .. . 8 Charles Downing. Not Prolific 9 Crescent ....... Vigorous. Not vigorous 10 Cumbrl'd Triumph Prolific... 11 Daniel Boone. Not prolific 12 Early Canada. Not vigorous 13 Finch's Seedling.. 14 Galceran ........ Prolific. 15 Golden Defiance.. Not prolific 16 Harris' Mammoth . Vigorous. Vigorous.. 17 H averland... Not vigorous 18 Henderson. ,., Not vigorous 19 James Vick .. 20 Jewell.......... Not prolific 21 J ucunda.......... 22 ...... ViP69 it Prolific.... 23 Longfellow. Not prolific 24 Manchester... 25 May King .. Prolific.... 26 Miners.. ....... 27 'Monmouth.,.,. Vigorous. Mount Vernon... Prolific 29 Mrs. Cleveland... Not prolific 30 Nig's Superb. 31 No. 1001 (Eureka) Prolific. ... 32 Parry. ......... Not prolific33 President Lincoln. 34 Primo.. ... 3;5 Prince of Berries..

Ky..

..

cc.

Viorus.

'jumbo.

o

cc

vig

rou

tc

cc

281

Sharpless....

Prolific. ..
Not prolific

37 Wilson.......... 38 Windsor Chief..... 39 Wonderful..

20Medium.... Deep red Light red 26 Large.. Red 26 Deep, red 27 Medium... 13 29 20 24 24 Red .. . 24 24 Deep red .Red 10 '26 24 26 24 24 Large obl'ng 26 Medium .. . 26 Small . Red. 24 Medium. .. Deep red < Light red.. 2?0 30 Large ... r. c'tr 20 1Obl'gai'med. Lig't ,red 24 Medium... Red... Light red.. 27 Large. '26 Deep -red White 27 Red..Light red. 24 Medium. .. . Deep red White. 26 Small.. Light red.. Red. . 26 Large .. 27 Pink... 10 White . ~20 . Light 24 Large ... 24 Deep red Very large. Red..... 24
Lc 4 ;" GG

i itPink.

W.&
LL

ccc

Medium....

G

red.

24

IMedium...

. Deep red

Red..... Red.....Red...

230

5 STRAWBERRI ES.
Texture of Fruit.
Firm
...

Cavity or Core.
Neither......

Free Acid.

Flavor or quality of Fruits.

REMARKS.

Soft.. Firm Soft.. 9 -Firm 10 11

None. Core and cavity. Slight.. Neither..'...... Large Core .. Cavity .......... None.
Very

Best. . Amateur and market. Very good Fine market berry, Good... . Very good Very firm.

Acid Barely g'd
Very good Best...1 For amateur culture only. Good... Sho'd be ever seso large fieyas Ealis plant'd by a for vig. variety Good .. Very good .. Very good

Neither...
.iCa-vity .... . ... Large Core
I

.

None.. Slight ....
...

Slight Cavity N.....od
c T

......... ..
....

ithle e

r.......

12
13 14 15 16 17 Soft 1s . 19 20 21 Firm. 22 23 24 Firm. 25 26 F Firm.... 28 Soft. 29 Firm. 30 31 32 33 3Firm. 34 Soft. 5Firm.

C

Slight ... None.... Neither........Slight Nole .........
l

None. ........
l I l

°

.

None...
....

Best. ....
Barely g'd

Berry v'y obl'g--resembl's Henderson,

Slight
I

Core

.

..

. Slight... Neither........None ...

Good

Best.
Verygood

Cavity....
Cavity
.... Neither

.....

Cavity ......... Neither .... .....
.

Slight .. None...

Ripenson top while green underside.,
Dies out badly in summer.

......... None.....'Best.
z-

.....

Good....

.

Very good
....

Cavity.......
Large

"
Slight Good.
: ..

Neither.........

Core.

Barely g'd
.
...

Neither ........ Slight Core. .:

None .Good.....
. .. ." .

Cavity.. .......
Neither Cavity .. .

A promising new variety. Ripens either with early Canada or a
[few days later.

None .

Very good "....Best.:.. Very good Standard for home and market. .
Very good Standard for home
'and

Neith......Sihtr.

market.etr,......

................... .. Good Very Acid Barely g'd

231

NO'T

S

ON

RAS.PERRI:
Color

5R-S.__ ER

VARIETIEs.

GrowthJDate
of

of Hardi-

Size-Size

Productive-

Plant. Brandywine........ Not vig'us Caroline .... ..... Vigorous Crimson Beauty...:. Not vig'us Davidson's Thornless. Not vig'us Doolittle........... Medium . EarIly Prolific......Vigorous Vigorous. Florence ........... i gVorous. Golden Q~een...V.. Gregg..............Medium . Hanisell.... ...... Not vig'us Hopkins ........... Vigorous. Marlboro .......... Medium.. New Rochelle...... Medium.. Medium. . Ohio ..:............. Rancocas........... Not vig'us Reliance....... .... Not vig'us
Soulegan..........Medium

ness. Prolific... Prolific.... prolific: Not prolific Prolific.... Not prolific. Prolific..... Not prolific. Medium ... Not prolific. Medium... Medium...., Prolific.... Not prolific. Not prolific Not prolific.

Not

Re p-of T ness. Fruit. Fruit. tacle. ture.'Fruit. Not hardy May 13 Red cap. Red....... Large... Large... Firm Good.. Medium. . May Black.cap Black. Medium. MediumFirm-Best Medium. Large.. Soft Not hardy May 29 Red cap. Small... Large.. Firm Good... Not hardy May'20 Black cap Black.... Hardy... May 13 Blackcap Black.... Small.. Small.,So ft Veryg'd Not hardy May 24 Red cap. Purplish red Large... Large... Firm Good... irm Good.. May 13 Blackca Dark yellow Medium Large.. . Ft Not May24 Red cap. Bright yell'wLare... Not hardy Mrya 24 Black cap Black. .... Large..Small.. Firm Good... Not hardy May 20 Red cap. Dark red... Large..Medium. Firm Medium. . Black cap Black . Small... Large Firm g'd Not hardy May 24 Red cap. Red ...... Large. Large.. Firm Best... Medium. . May 20 Black cap Dark purple .Large... Medium Soft Good... Medium Firm Good. Not hardy May 24 Black cap Black.. Small.. Very l'ge So ft Very g'd Not hardy May 29 Red cap. Dark red... Large. Not hardy May 20 Red cap. Dark red Very l'ge Very l'ge Soft
Type.

RipenIng.

of

of

Quality

13

Red'......

Good...

Die out badly. Dies badly. Same as Tyler.

Hardy... hardy

F

Dies badly.
Hybrid. Canes Hb'd. b'f'ft.yind Musky.
Dies badly.

sa

d

May

90

Good. Very

Dies badly--some Dies badly.
Dies badly. Dies badly. Dies

Prolific....
.

Medium.

May13 Black cap Black.

Superb............. Medium.

Prolific...Hardy. . Thompson's E. Pride. Thompson's E. Prolific Medium.. Prolific..Hardy. Very vig's Very prolific Very h'dy Turner.............. Tryler............... Medium.. Medium.. Not vig'us Not prolific.. Not hardy. Welch..

Medium..

Prolific..hardy..

May 20 Red
May 29 29 May 20 May May 24

cap. Dark

Large..

Small..

Good... Firm
Bes....

badly-similar

tTl

red.. Medium. Large.. Firm Best.. Dies back.
Medium.. Firm Best.... Medium Firm Best.... Firm Small.. Firm Very g'd Large... Fr Very g'd

May

Prolific...

13

Red cap. Red cap. Red( cap. Black cap Red cap.

Red ... '..Large... Red.......Large.. Purplish red Medium. .. l'ge Dark red,

Black.

Small.. .... Very

Small....

Best....

A promising new vrey A new vrey The most reliable vrey Same as doolittle. Dies badly.:

promising

Out of more than thirty varieties tested, during the last five y ears, the Turner is the most hardy and. reliable. It fruits abundantly and contiusln .plants... in bearing. The only objection found, so far, is its profuse multiplication The canes are self-supporting when prun ~d back to two feet in length. It stands the sun. of our summers in open field culture and has nvrbe

of

injured

by freezing.

The black cap varieties sun-scald midway the canes where they bend over. culture during dry seasons.

Another. objection to :this type is that they fail to propagate "unecla

Ebperimexits NAMES oF VARIETIES
.Acme

witIz

anrteloWPes Netting. Perfect Perfect Form

p plarteL Lengt. in
6.16

Mao3t

a

c,

1889..
Color

Seedsman.
-Landreth . .....

Time of weight
Av'ge

Ripen.ing.

in lbs. Perfect . Oblong.......

Thik- 'Ihi'kCavity. ness of ness of in rind. flesh. inches inches
5.

Diam.

of flesh.

Textur

qa

....

..

:.

...

July 10 2.72

16Small.88

July 9 l2.12 .... July 5 2.77 July 22 35 . July 15 4.48 .. Landreth. ..... California ...... Cassaba............... U. S. Dept Agr. July 154 43 July 1 3.12 Chicago...............Thorburn U. S. Dep't Agr. July 20 2.16 Champion Market. July 4 288 Early White Japan..... Thorburn .... June 28 2 48 " Extra Early Hackensack. July 8 1.57 Emerald Gem............ July 11 1 Emerald Gem......... . ... June 2S 2.50 Fine Nutmeg.Thorburn 6. 3 06 'July Golden Perfection ..... 5 'July Golden Netted .Gem U. S. Dep't Air, July 5 2.23 Golden Perfection . , .. 4 July 12 .45 Green Citron Nutmeg.. Baltimore....... ...... Baltimore............ Bird's New Canteloupe Ferry ........... LThorburn

.Dreer.........
Thorburn
.

1.22
3.87

4 U8 0 .12 Oblong.... 5 75 . Oblo'g&point'd 6 77 Flat.........5.50__7 Perfect 5.08 6 33 Imperf't Rowidish.. .. Medium Oblong.......8.50 8.54 26 4 70 Medium Round....... 4.87 5.16 Imperf't Round . ... 5 35 " 5 37 , ... V'ry sli't Round 4.58 5 43 Medium Round . 4 26 5 26 None... Roundish flat 3.88 4.27 None... Roundish flat 4.75 5 12 Medium Roundish... 3.25 3 63 Medium Round obon 3Slightl6 3 97 31 efect.. 4.95 5.69. Peifect Round. 7.06 5.98 Medium Oblong.. Imperf't Roundish....
. .. Perfect . Long Perfect . Roundish .... Medium Flat.., Imperf t Roundish. Fl.... Fi Imperf't Roundish ... Mediu mn Perfect Oblot, g ,.,." ..
596

Small V'y sm'll Small
Medium

.29
.33

.37
.37

Green.lirm&coars Soft & coars .87 Green .91 Green . Soft&coarse
1.25 -Paleg'n.Soft.& coarse

Medium Large Large. Medium Medium V'y sm'll V'y sm'll
Small
.Medium

.29 95
29 .36 .25
37

Yellow Soft& coarse 1. .87 Pale g'n. Fine and sof .79 Green. Fine and firm .75 Green . Green. Soft and fin Soft and fin

63 .34 .61 .72 .26
.87

Green . Fine and firmG Yellow. Soft and fin 82 Yellow Soft and fin
Paleg'n Soft

&coarse

y

.11
25 30

.51

V'ysm'll

Small Medium

.72(e
.80 70

Yellow

Soft & coars r

Green Montreal........

...

July 9

5 23

July ybrid Bay View .. ,, July " I lackensack .............. July Jenny -Lind ..... '........ Miller Cream........ DreerJ........July
Montreal.

10/ 3 2 4 4 4 11.22. 14 2 98
.

...

New Surprise

.

Landreth .'..'Thorburn'.

..

July 8 4.16
13 3.81.

re...........

0,3 10 42/5 5 86 NIediuur 4 2 98 4.45 NI edium 5 88 5 22 Large

'72

Large MR'edim

31
..

.98 Pale g'n..Soft &coare

Pale g'n. Soft& coare

25

.3 26 24 i .42

n imVr .6Pl '.Fn Soft & coar 91 Green Vr F'm & coa .61 Green .75 Yellow Fine and firm
Pale

Pale g'n. Fine andfirmVGood...

New Early Hackensack... Orange Christina ... Prolific Nutmeg .

Henderson

.July
....

Nixon .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. Alexander
....

July 20 4. 16 12 2:77

Round......5
Flat
Round.....6

5

98,

6 27 Medium
Small...

37.::5 33

Pale g'n. Soft &coarseGod. Soft and fineGod. .28 .. 96 87..6.37 .Medium. Pale g'n. Soft & coarseGod. .41 ,73 4 55 4.76 Medium . Lmperf't Round July 12 2.03 . Thorburn . Ward's Nectar. The above notes of comparison were made in 1889. T'he list. embraces a large number of varieties not w~ell suited to this soil and climate. The cnaop al to succeed in this latitude must be well covered with rough nettings to prevent sun-scalding. The Persian or Cassaba, so highly prized at the Notl usulyhv ranks higher than "good." Those varieties which rank here on account of scalding under our suns., A melon with yellow flesh time this yeari avr deep green flesh. 'rhe Delmonico. is the best yellow fleshed variety yet tested.. The Washington Market grown here for the superior variety. After previously comparing all of the varieties advertised in the principal seed, catalogues, all except a few of the best old vaieishv been discarded. These few best are planted from year to year as standards of comparison for the new candidates for popular favor. The followingslttableom hepesntsasn Skiliman's Netted Gem
The Delmonico.......nderson

Thornburn . July 9 3.27 U. S. Dep't Agr. July .18 2 35

Perfect. Medium

Thorburn

.;July
"

Perfect
Perfect

Round-.,.....54755 441 Medium 5 Round-.,.. .... 4.69. ,;5.75 Medium 5 37 . ,
-Medium

737

5.18 Small..

.31
1 .13
33 23

.96 25 -1.00

Yellow. Firm and fir~God Yellow. Soft and fineGo.

g 'n.

Firm and fineVrr'

.60, Yellow. Firm&coarseGod. .75 Pale g'n'. Soft and fineGo

.36

...

July 13 8.50

69 Yellow.

ra,-rely

first "best"

CANTIELOUPE-.S

PLANTIED n5 C
QA

APiRIL 3rd,

1890.

:n .a U, U 1 3-16 3-16 Green
1/ $L
7-16 1 18

NAMES OF VARIETIES. Seedsmnan.

i

6O

a.

3 anZL

O
c u
...

iN

U
O

V

DC

Remarks.

Atlantic City. Baltimore......... Champion Market.... Delmonico. ........ Extra Early Cape May Extra Ely Hackensack Extra Early June Golden .Netted Gem... .

Landreth Thorburn Thorburn. Henderson

Landreth

July 4 V'ry g'd Oblons J'ne 28 Good .Oblong July 2,Good . Roundiish j'ly 28 Good .. Roundiish. 1 V'ry g'd Round fish.. Landreth .July.
j'ne 25 V'rx g'd Flat,..

PerfectV'ry s i't Perfect..
Perfect. Jmperf 't

42

8
6%

718
44

at

5 6

18 31%11
1

'Yellow. ..

Green

514

7

518

Yellowv.
Green Green

Medium V'y goodI Soft & coarse Medium Good.. Fine and firm and firm Good. .Fine .Medium
,M~edium

Lig't greenI
.

Large.'.
Large.

Good.

..

Fine and firm

Good.

..

Fine and firm

Perfect
Perfect Perfect Very g'd

Market.. Osage ............
New Orleans

Landreth . July 2 V'r T g'd Flat.... Thorburn. The 28 Best . 1 blo~ng July 2 V'ry g'd Round Buist.. .. Jiallock& Northrop B.&G. Co J'ne 30 Best.Oblong Buis t. Hallock& July 1 V'ry g'd Round Son.
BGuist Buist. Im

.3 32

5

3.~

114: 414

3 1 1-16 18 1 5%54 112

5%s 1 1-16 3-16 Gieen 3-16i Green 5%1

Large

Good.
. .

.
.

Small...

Best . . Fine and firm V'y sm'l V'ygood Fine and firm

Good..

Fie;and firm
Fine and firm

Worthless.
Worthless.

Picaninny ........... ..... eApple .....
The

Perfect
Perfect

2%4
3

714

412

1

3-16 18
18

Green
Green

..

Small

. .,Best

...

Soft &coarse ..

Princess........

514

534 11/

3-16 Yellow.. Medium Good.

Fine and firm Soft
coarse & Worthless.

Versailles Prize.. Washington Market .

July 1V'ry g'd Roundish. Perfect

1 il\l 1

II I~1

61

5% .17'

I

Small

Best

EXPERIMENTS NAMES Of SEEDSMAN.

WITH

WATERMELONS, FORM.

PLANTED

MARCI-I

19, 1839.

Lengt' Diam in in Inches Inches Boss........ . Ferry.. ... July Dark Green l)istinct. 14.43 9.87 Cuba............... Home Grown." 151966 Long. I)k Gr'n St'p'd None .. 17.66 7.41 Cuban Queen....... Thorburn. .. " 12 29.70 Sig'ly Ob'lg Rattle Snake.. Slight.. 14.66 Florida Favorite ... Thorburn... ' 1017.03 Oblong ... D'k Rat. Sn'ke Slight. 14.31 769 Goodwin's Imperial.. Thorburn... .. 1014.40 Roundish . Pea Green .. Distinct. 9.61 8.80 Distinct. 13 87 9 56 Green and Gold . Dreer.........." 10 17.83 Oblong.. . . Ming. Green Gi'eenand' Gold .. .Henderson.... " 13 16. Slig'ly Ob'lg Ming. Green. Slight... 11.09,8,50 Ice Cream...........Thorburn . 1516.601Long. . : .Green........Distinct. 14.87 8.37 Icing. ..... Thorburn, " 13 1942 Roundish. .. Green......Slight. 11. 9.06 oIRdb Gem .......... Dre r......... Round.. .. Green Striped . None.. 11.50 9.50 Kolb Gen .......... Exp't Station.. " 12 Round.. .. Green Striped None. 11 .37 10 12 Light Icing ,.......U S Dep. Agr. 13 22.50 Round... Gray........None.. 13.50 10.50 USDep. Agr. Failed U Oemlers ........... Peerless............Ferry........ " 12 20.64 Long. ... .Mingled Green Slight.. 16.78 8.06 Perfection-..... .. US Dep. Agr 12214. Round.. Dark Green. Slight..11. Round Light Icing .. Ferry. " 1221.90 .Oblong . ... Gray.... None.. 1378 8.75 Scaly S Dep."Agr " 1317. Oblong . . Mottled Green Slight. 13.25.8.33 6.92 Gray.......one... 1321.20 Long ..... Thorburn... ..... *Scminole. Slight. .17.50 8.30 13.20.50 LonGray:. .. Dree.........." *Seminole .. tSeminole...... ... Ely........ 1 16. R'nc & L'ng G'y &Sc'y B'k Slight.. 11. 8.29 Color of Rind. Corrugations VARIETIES. ening. in lbs. 12 19 20 Oblong....

Time of gv'ge of Rip- weig't

975

Thi'k-Colo of Cavity Color of Seed. of Rind. Fles 1. Slight. Black . Red .58 None Wh. with br' tips d'kr
.68 SlightWhbite.... ..... Red

e t

12 27.62

.75 .75 .75 .53 .87 .87
.87

Slight.dpr Slight. Br. with bl'ktipzp'lerG None. Wh. with br' tips Or'n None Wh. with or' tips Lem G None. Black.........p'1e Slight. White... Red G
None. Black.Red

28.25

1.06 .75 .96
1. 1.25 .93

Large Black ......... None White .........
Slight White.. None Black..p'ler Med. White b blight. Wh. with Slight Brown

Red Li' .Red
Red

10.

BarkS.........U

17.01
19.

Sugar Loaf..

Clayton.

'.'"

Spanish Queen.

U S Dep. Agr."
..

13 29.50
12 2094

.86 .75 .70 .7.

d k red Good.

d'k

Long.

...

Gray..

.

..

None.. Distinct.

9 30

12 16.50 Round..
Roundish.

Dark Green... Distinct.
Dark Green

W'te Seed'd Ice Cr'm. Thorburn.

:

"

1. Pride of Georgia... Thorburn ... " 10 23 50 Round.. D'k Gr'n St'p'd, Slight.. 12. *Same as sugar-loaf. tBadly mixed. Comparison of varieties discove'rs many old acquaintances under new names .' The "sugar loaf" melon has been growing in Georgia Wind Alabm o he nearly half a century, and has continuously sustained- a high character. for productiveness andl excellent qu'ality. It came to us' from a seedsma which was not only ietcl years ago, as 'Jordan's Gray Monarch." Last year it was extensively advertised under the attractive namne of in every respect, with the old sugar loaf, but produced the same sport-a melon of the same form, but of a darker gray., In 1888-the Kob Gemt cam ou Ironclad ." This yeathol as "New Round Excelsior." The same year almost a fac-simile of the rattlesnake came under the name of rattlesnake comes as "The Wild." For shipping, no other variety compares with the Kolb Gem. For home use, there are several -varieties superior to it, being of finer flavor andhvn Loaf, Florida Favorite and Pride of Georgia. The Cuba is known in Georgia under the lcanme more tenderfiesh. Among these are the Cuba, of "Tinker," "Simpson," and "Kirkpatrick6" It is the sweetest melon grown. but is too small for market. The Georgia rattlesnake possesses fine ulte shapes. The. sugar loaf is probably the most prolific variety yet tested. Watermelncos when fully developed, but has a tendency to grow in so reatdily that a patch of //i rrviug-ib-ed~t is rarely seen oh our farlns. This station Will distribute, during the W-inter, a few pure Cuba and sugar~laml on seed i and somfe Nilnon cantaloupe need, for, trial in different parts of the State.

1196

9.7

9 18
7.64

1050

.96

Slight Brown.d'krv Slight Wh. with br' tips I'm' None .. 'kr None Black..p'le V'y l'g Wh-iite Red.v'yg'd Slight Wh' with hr' tips. Red Bs

Brown.

"'Seminole,"
"Mammoth

Sugar

irregular

VARIETIES.

Form.

Color of Rind.

Color of Flesh. Yellow..... Bright red.
Red.......(ood

Quiality.

Seedsman.

REMARKS.
Presented by Chancellor Foster. by Mr. Cox. Presented by. Mr. Averett.

Birdsong........ Cyawford*.
Kentucky

Pearson*.
'he Wild

Wonder. Oblong Green....
...

.Round. Mixed Oblong Dark rattle-snake.
.

Good..... .. ..... Very goodPresented
N. B. G. Co. .Very
.
.

Oblong Dark rattle-snake.
Oblong Green..........
. .

Bright red.
Orange red
.. .

Ruby Gold ...
*Local

Very. good
.

good........
. .

..

Henderson'.
Hend erson

Oblong

Same as Georgia

Rattle-snake.

names for an old variety-known in Florida as "Florida Favorite"-known in Burkeut, as the "Lawson Melon"--supposed to be the parent of the, Georgia, Rattlesnake.

Ga., thirty

years ago

B EANS--I3USIE

OR DWARFIF

VARIETY.

PLANTED

APRIL

15,

1890.

Time Color. Form. ProductivGrowth of Affected with REMARK Edible. ness. Vine. Authracnose. Bismark................... Buist ...... June 5 Wax ... Round..... Very Good . Vigorous.. Slight. Black-Eyed Wax.............. Thorburn .. June 9 Wax.. Round .... Good. Poor........Slight. California Tree.................N B & G Co . .. Green .. Roundish... Very Good Vigorous. Free. Canadian Wonder ............. Thorburn... June 9 Green .. Flat....... Very Good . Very Vigorous Slight. Crystal Wax............... Thorburn ........ Wax .. Flat....... Very Good . Very Vigorous........... Cylinder Black Wax.,...........Henderson. June 5 Round. .:.: Best....... Vigorous. Badly. Dun Colored Bush.............Thorburn... June 7 Green .. Flat........ Good...... Vigorous. Slight. Dwarf Black Wax........... . Thorburn... June 5 Wax ... Round......Good.... Poor ........ Fret........ Dwarf Ivory Pod Wax .......... Thorburn... June 5 White.. Flat....... Very Good Poor ......... Free ...... Dwarf Mexican Tree........... Thorburn........Green.. Roundish,. Very .Gqod Vigorous. Free . Dwarf White Wax........... Thorburn... June 7 Wax.. Short & Flat Very ;Good,.Poor... .Very Slight,.. Early China..................Thorburn... June 9 Green .. Slort Flat Good. Poor.....Very Slight... Early Thorburn.. June 9 Green.. Long & Flat Very Good . Very Vigorous Free...... Early Round Six Weeks.......Thorburn... June 9 Green.. Flat... .. Very Good;. Very Vigorous Very Slight Early Valentine......... ...... , Thorburn... June 10 Green Round;..... Very Good.Very Vigorous Free .. Prolific Dwarf Wax ... Ely........June 5 Wax Round..Very ,Good .,Vigroius. Extra Early June 8 Green Flat.......Very Good. Very Vigorous Free ... Golden Butter Thorburn...June 2 Wax .. Round..... Good. Free....... Golden Refugee.... ...... .Thorburn... June 12 Pea Gr'n Round,. Very Good .;Vigorous. Medium. Golden Wax Bush............Thorburn. .. June 5 Wax . L'g & Round Best....... Vigorous. King of the Green's Flagoelet .... Thorburn. . June 10 Green .. Flat.......Best.. .Vigorous. Free. . Woody. Large White Kidney. .... Thorburn... June 10 Green . Good. Very Vigorous Free . Lemon Pod.Wax............Thorburn . Failed to Vegetate

NAME.

SEEDSMAN.

Wax

Mohawk................

&

Ely's

.Maine...........horburn Wax.............

Badly.

Poor.....

Slight.

Flat.......,

Low's New Champion........ Thorburn .. Marble Head Dwarf Horticultural .Ne Plus Ultra............. e aeWx: ... Tobr. Thorburn...

Thorburn.......

June

9 Pea Gr'n-Very Best .. Green . Flat.:.....Gogd,..r June 10 Green. Roun'ish .flat Best... ue7Wa..Fa et...

Flat....
. .

..

Very Vigorous Free ..... Poor........ Very Slight..

Woody.

Vigorous.Free ioos Vr

lgt .

New White Valentine....... ... Thorburn,. Red Kidney ............... .Thorburn.
Refugee, or 1000 to 1 Saddle Wax.................. Scimieter ......................

............

June 10 Pea Gr'n Flat...... June 7 Green. Very Flat
9 Pea Gr'n Round 10 Wax .. Round. 10 D'k Gr'n Flat.......

Best.....Vigorous : Very Good:. Vigorous .
Best......Vigorous.:..,Free Good.. Poor ........ Best.... ,... Vigorous

Very Sight .. Very Slight.. Woody.
.. Badly . Very Slight.. Woody.

Thorburn.. June .I~aridreth.'.. June Thorburn .. Tune

..

Thorburn's Ex. . Early Refugee . Thorburn.. Wardwell's New Dwarf......... Thorburn.. White Marrow.................EThorburn.. Wonder of France.............. Thorburn...
Yosemite.............Henderson
.

June 9 June 7 June. June 10
June

Pea.G r'n Wax .. Green . D'k Gr'n
...

Round Flat. & Long Flat..:. Flat.......
Round.

10 Wax

"..Best... Vigorcous .irree . . Best.....Vigorous ;....ee Best.....Very Vigorous. Very Slight. Woody. Best Very Vigorous, Free......... Woody. . PorVery or..... ... Slight..

Good

....

''oMA.TOES--Seeds

sown~ March 21lst- Tzracispla~xte6 Corrua
n..

May

5th,

1 890_

NAME OF VARIETIES.

Seedsman.

0..,

U

Form.

Color. gations.
,"U a

SCore. Flavor

Remarks.

F134 e33 t1 Burpee......... July20 Round 1-6 Slight Good Light red... None.. Chernin........... 23 None 14 V'y" v'y g'd Dwarf Champion. Thorburn.. Roundish flat Pinkish. ... None July20 Hebnderson... Early Ruby......... No test. Plants all d'd 2%4None 5Y2 No test. Plants all d'd Earliest of All. Northrop,B.& G.Co .... 13 IDcid'd Best. Standard. [Light yellow Decid'd l 74 Irregular Golden Queen. Landreth........July17 taa None Slight 13 V'ys l v'y g'd Roundish.... Red Haines' No. 64. Hallock.........July17 43 None None. Dcid'd Good Small but very prolific 1% Pinkish.... None. Horsford's Prelude.... Thorburn......july17 Round None July22 A very super'r variety. . Ignotum.. Roundish flat Red... None. 2. 314 None 1-6 Slight Best R ih. 51 None Livingston's Beauty .. Red... . July17 6 3 .. u37d 3 None 1-6 Slight Best. Standard. 1-12 None Good Standard. l.% 3 Livingston's Favorite. . Light red.. None July22 423 ...... 1% None Light red... None. Matchless......... July 22 H allock .......... 2% None 1-12 V'y sl. Good [tie red cherry. None.. 1-6 V'y sl. v'yg'd Red New Paragon ... July20 4 1-6 Thorburn .. ...... Size and shape of litNone Yellow. New Zealand Fig.. July17 Hallock .. ........ 1-12 None. Good. Nonej Red .. Optimus ......... .July20 2/3 ... Thorburn ....... . . 214 None Sam' as Dw'fCh'mp'n July22 .6l... Station Upright Tree.. July22 4 5-6 Roundish flat Light .4..... None. . 134 Thorburn's New Jersey None. 1-6 Dcid'd Good .... 42% July17 Light red'... None. Volunteer ...... .4. ..... 1%a The same plan was adopted with tomatoes as with melons-a few standard varieties only were used with which to compare the new candidates. By length is meant the diameter which is a continuation of the axis of the stem. By diameter is meant the length of the axis at right angles to this. betwecn the weight of the whole tomato and that after cutting away the thicker part around the stem cavity. The "waste" is the
o..... Il. V Obur GG G

red. ..

difference

O

13

Seeds furnished by the U. S. Department of

Agriculture, sown

April 5th, and

produced sets which were planted September 25th, 1889. Time Diam. Remarks. Form. Color. ripe in 1890. iniches Round ... Yell'w Standard variety. Danvers Yellow. J'ne 14 2 Roundish. Whi'e Early and desirable. .. My 30 24 Early Garden Roundish.. Whi 'e and desirable. Early Norcera.M'y.30,34 Whi 'e Very early and Flat ... Early White .... M'y 9 34 Extra Early Red. M'y 30 3'j Flat . *. Yell'w Yellow instead of red. Yell'w Flat Madeira... ...... J'ne 10 3 Flat. Large and fine, 10 3'4 Roundish..Red. Giant Red Rocca .J'ne Giant Yel. Globe Rocca J'ne 10 3%~ Roundish. Flat ... Yell'w Superior. Giant'White Italian . M y 30 4 334 Roundish.. Yell'w Large and fine. Mammoth Pompeii.... J'nelO Red. Large and fine. Mam'oth R'd Garganus M y 30 3?/~ Flat . ... Mammoth Red Pompeii Jone 10 334 Round.. Yell'w Large and fine. Whi 'e Superior. 414 Flat-. Mammoth Silver King.: Whi 'e Extra early & desirable New Adriatic Barletta.. M y, 9 2j4 Flat ... Round. .. Yell w Round Madeira ... J'nel10 4 Whi 'e Extra early & desirable White Maggiajola . M'y 9 34 Flat... Varieties,

Queen White Queen

Early

fine.

Veli'w

My30

2?39

14

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
OF

SEEDS, PLANTS, ETC., PRESENTED TO THE STATION, 1890.

Barley D. H. Tolbot, Sioux City, Iowa.........................Black (Van Detnan, Strawberry Plants Jacob C. Bauer, Judsonia, Ark.. "Mitchell's Early, (Doubravas, No.3. Peter Henderson & Co., New York.........Vegetable and Flower Seeds Raspery Plants .. G. H. Miller & Son, Ronne,Ga ....... Geo. D. Norris, New Market, Alai...................Vegetable Seeds Plow Stock and Attachments S, W. Hatcher, Ceres;.Ga. ........... J. R. Hawkins, Mountainville, N. Y.........Banquet Strawberry Plants W. E. Alexander, Leighton, Ala..............Venango Grape Cuttings Judge J. B. Jones, Her don, Ga................Bertram Grape Cuttings G. R. Banks. Tallassee. Ala..................Wafford Grape Cuttings B. F. Ingram, Marvyn, Ala...................Wafford Grape Cuttings Heller, Hirsh Co., New York.........One Sack Evaporated Tankage hite's Northern Muscat Grape Vincs Geo. Watson, Chicago, Ill.. Stephen Hoyt's Sons, New Canaan, Conn .. Green Mountain Grape Vines Storm Proof Cotton Seed W. J.' Smilie, Baileyville, Texas ...............

F.

&

WI.

Altec Burpee

...................................

Miss Lespedza Cyrtobotrya Seed Prof. S. M. Tracy, Agricultural Red Blackberry Ala....................... Virgil Wilson,

J as. B. Olcott, South Manchester,

. Grass Seeds and Sets Festuca No 1 Vernon Rhodes, Memphis, Tenn.......................Cultivator Hoe ... Casava Roots and Canes A. B. Stroud, Haines City, Fla ............. Smiths, Powell & Lamb, New York .... 2 Group Pictures, Holstein Cattle ... Peach and Plum Seeds U. S. Dep't. Agr. Washington, D. C........
"

H-untsville,

College. .

Vegetable Seeds

Coan.

"..

"

~Fig
" "

Osier Willow Cuttings, 13
Cuttings, from Smyrna,

12"

Varieties

,...... Cotton Seed, 2 Varieties ................ SSorghum Seed, 13 Varieties for Fall Planting, 2 Varieties . .Wheat

240

15

Appendix to Bulletin No. 20, of the Alabama Experiment Station.

REPORT
OF THE

ALABAMA

WEATHER SERVICE.

Co-operating with the U. S. Signal Service.

October, 1890.

STATE

POLYTECHNIC INSTITUT.E,

Auburn, Ala., November 15th, 1890.

S

The rainfall for October was rather large. and the most of it fell during the first two weeks of the month. So much moisture falling on the cotton fibre in such a short period produced damaging results The last part of the month, however, was clear and very favorable for rapidly gathering the cotton that quickly opened under the warming influence of the sun's rays. The average precipitation for the month was 1.54 inches above the normal. The last of October was cool, that reduced the average temperature 2.05 below the normal. The first frost occurred on the 15th, throughout North Alabama. It was light, however, and not much damage was done. The first killing frost that occurred, throughout the State, was on the 28th. That was accompanied by thin ice. On the 31st there was another heavy frost with ice.

241

16
MONTHLY SUMMARY. Atmospheric pressure (in inches) -Monthly mean, 30.043; maximum observed, 30.420, at Livingston on 31st; minimum observed, 29.615, at Chattanooga on 29th; range, .805. Temperature (degrees F.)-Monthly mean, 62.3; highest monthly mean, 68.5, at Citronelle; lowest monthly mean, 56.1, at Valley Head; maximum, 93, at Citronelle, on 4th and 5th; minimum, 28, at Valley Head 31st; range for State, 65; greatest local monthly range, 57, at Valley Head. Precipitation, .including melting snow, (in inches).-Average for the State, 4.01; greatest, 7.33, at Opelika; least, 1.90, at Fort Deposit. Mean relative humidity, 82, at Auburn; 77, at Montgomery; 90.4,at Valley Head; at Uniontown, 77.3 Wind-Prevailing direction, N. W; miles traveled, at Chattanooga, 4,036; at Montgomery, 3,333; at Mobile, 5,185; at Auburn, 3,940.

on

J. M.

Q U A RLES,

P.

Assistant.

H. MELL, Director.

NOTES FROM OBSERVERS.

Greensboro, (M. H. Yerby)-The first three weeks of the month the weather was very unpropitious and retarded the gathering of cotton very materially-but the last ten days of the month were beautiful, with continuous sunshine, so that cotton picking has progressed finely and the crop will be gathered without great damage. Killing frost and thin ice occurred in this locality on the 30th and 31st, which is a month earlier than for the past two years. Livingston, (J. W. A. Wright).-Our rainfall for October (2.82 inches) was less than the normal which is 2 90. Of this amount, only 0.39 fell in the first 14 days; 0.95 fell during the storm of 15th and 16th, and 1.48 during the storm of 21st and 22d. No precipitation on the last 9 days of the month. So, altogether, October was true to its record, as, in the long run, October, September and May are our months of the least rainfall. On the 15th, 20th and 24th the minimum temperature was 410 each day, and there were light frosts. Minimum on the 27th, 28th and 31st, respectively, was ° 0 390, 38 and 340 each, with a little heavier frost. The average here of 600 ior the month, is 30 cooler than the normal for October. Valley Head, (Dr. E. P. Nicholson).-The first frost of the month, and of the autumn, occurred on the 14th; first severe frost on the 19th, with very thin ice crystals; on the 28th and 31st, killing frost, with ice The minimum thermometer regirtered 240. This is the lowest I have seen recorded anywhere South. Jasper, (Howard Lamar).--The latter part of the month has been clear and cool. Frost occurred 9 days during latter half of month, and ice twice. All vegetables have been killed by recent frosts and forest trees are shedding their leaves very rapidly.

242

17
TABLE OF SOIL TEMPERATURES-OCTOBER, 1890.

(The observations for this table were taken at

Auburn,

Ala.

A. M. LLOYD, Observer.

NOTE-There are three sets of thermometers-N'os. 1 and 2 are situat. ed on a hill in sandy soil, and No. 3 is placed near a small stream in bottomn land. The depth of instruments range from 1 inch to.96 inches ;below the surface, and the observations are made three times each day-morning, noon, and evening. Depth in Inches. 1 3 6 9 12 24 36
48

Set No. 1, on Hill. 66.00 65.2 64 6 64.9 68.0 69.4 71.2 72.3

Set No. 2, on Hill.
65.50

Set

in Bottom.
67.00

No.

3,

60 72 84 96

I L

65.7 G5.7, 65.2. 64.9 67.7 69.7 70.9 71.6 71'.8 72.2 72.3

66.6 66.4 65.7
65.5

68.2 69.5 70.7 71.5

243

Monithly Su~mmary of Meteorological iReports of the Alabamna Weather Service, October, 1890. r c3
a)

BA{O1vE TERt. Min. Max.I

if lf.' 1F r1P :fl'JM.'L1

? TCi'

A

ip

T T -"

W

I

I

I

I

I

A'1'!1JIsL.

aMax.

Min T

b.)

-W

STATIONS.

COUNTIES.,

C3 a) O0

OBSERVERS.
O0

O

.0C "i r

a

ea
a)
CS

a)
a

251 )

6

Ga)

O

0. a)

Z'

a)

23134
Se

32.28 37 00 Dallas ... Selma . 1031 31.34 33 37 Valley Head DcKalb .. 3.03030 31 33 Pine Apple...... 34.48 87.37 Florence .... Lauderdale. 783 33 0 3 85 30 Chattano'ga Tennessee.. Montgomery Montgomery 219 32 22 36 23 30.044 30. 272? Marion. .. Perry ... 516 32 12 85 39 Union Spr'gs Bullock .. . 31.43 8.7 12 Bermuda. .. Monroe.. 30.41 88 20 30 054 30.292 Mobile. ... .

$7.00

29.6163 876.4 51 1380 36.1 67.7 44.6 83 63.5 74.7 52.36a~ 61.6 72.8 50.4 83 39.5 68 3 X0.7 S4 29 7356 65.0 74.3 .55.8 88 65.0 86 83 (30.8 (36. 817:5.2 55.8'68

13 34 31 55 12 28 31 57 6 33 27-31 32 10-12 30 ;0)33 12 33 28 31 5 37 31 51 5 43 5 36 4-10 .41 31 43
28

2 0

E. P. Nicholson. N w

*j[. M.Pindell.

C. WV. Ashcraft.

6.5

*L. Dunne.

Carrollton.

.

Pickens

Mobile

29.695

27415

40

20.1 3.44
227

.

Auburn ....

Livingston. .
Greensboro.

Lee ..
Sumter.

Hale ...

Mt. Willing Lowndes.:I

Uniontown. Perry ... Citronelle .. Mobile . Fayette .. .. Fayette . Opelika .... Lee ... Guntersv ille. Marshall. Chepultepec Blount.. Columbiana Shelby Centre..... Cherokee. Double Sp'gs Winston . Butler ... Choctaw... Jasper. .Walker. . Tuscumbia . Colbert . Fort Deposit) Lowndes. Means .............

5 36 826 32 40 8.30 30 030 30 303 3l! 29 78 7 22 03.0 71 1 36.0 83.5 . 84 3,6,12 38 150 32 34 38 08 30 018 30.420 31 29.970 29 60.0 .. 5,11 36 86 62.8 .... 220 32 41 87.36 5-7 31 . 84 32 07 36.45 63.35 5 36 273 32 28 36.44 30.030 30.300 3tL29 0922 64.1 74.1 34.1 87 38.5 80.7.56.2 93 37l 352 31.031 37 30 3 12 5 30 32.43 35.28 60.8 70.9 50.883 65 34 24 36 18 890 33 36 20 14 29 60.3 71.1 49.5 84 560 33 13 36 33. 728 34 10 35 42 7 30 57.1 5 1.0 79 34.08 85 35 32.05 37.24 12 31 61.371.331.383 310 33 49 38.12 12 34 . 83 37.9 ... 463 34.42 37.38 5 38 64.9 74.8 53.0'89 36 36 (2.3 73.1532.35 30 0431

33.42

4, 5

31 47.5 17.67.33 2846 1; 50 218.8 5.87 3153 6.55 31 51 31 56 1(0.93.583153

542.084i
Ne
N

*A ,N. Q..paiies. Nw J. M. Nw Wight N.w TM Yerby. Wmn. M Garrett
Pritchard. L. Stansel. J. W.A.
.H.

R. J. G rady . Win. Fowler.

.

E

H . Ncwman. J. G. Michael.
W.

1-Ion. D.Collier.

58

3.15 31 5 31 49 31 32 31 31 3031 31.1 87 8 7 20.63.21

A. J. Baker.
W .B. Aligood. W . D. Lovett. Thos. Bradford. A. Weiler. B. F. Gilder. Howard Lamar. S w L. B . Thornton.

M.

34.42

Nw

T

'I

NOTE .-*Sergeants

of the Signal Service.

tCotton Belt Stations.