7 y< T-i { T r 1vil -r r )A nn BULLETIN No.i174E t,X913 ALABAMA Agricultural Experiment Station OF THE Alabama Polytechnic Institute AUBURN Local Fertilizer Experiments With Cotton in. South Alabama in 1913 J. F. DUGGAR, J. T. WILLIAMSON, and L. J. HAWLEY. Opelika, Ala. Post Publishing Company 1913 COMMITTEE OF TRUSTEES ON EXPERIMENT STATION. HON. R. F. KoLB---------------------------------------- --- Montgomery HON. HON. H. A. L. W. MARTIN----------------------------------------------BELL Ozark - ------------Anniston -------------------STATION STAFF C. C. THACH, President of the College. J. F. DUGGAR, Director of Experiment Station. DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION. AGRICULTURE: J. BOTANY: F. Duggar, Agriculturist. J. B. J. L.F. Cauthen, Associate. M. J. Funchess, Assistant. Williamson, Field Agent. T. B. Tisdale, Assistant. SCIENCE: S. Caldwell, Botanist. A. B. Massey, Assistant. PLANT PATHOLOGY: -L. J. Hawley, Field Agent. F. A. Wolf, HORTICULTURE: Pathologist. VETERINARY C. A. Cary, Veterinarian. I. S. McAdory, Assistant. CHEMISTRY: J. Ernest Walker, Horticulturist. C. C. Price, Associate. G. V. Stelzenmuller, Field Agent. B. B. Ross, Chemist, State Cremist ENTOMOLOGY: J. T. Anderson, Chemist, Soils and Crops C. L. Hare, Physiological Chemist. *G. T. Bragg, First Assistant. S. Adler, Assistant. W. E. Hinds, Entomologist J. E. Buck, Assistant. W. Ells, Field Agent, INDUSTRY: ANIMAL EXTENSION: L. N. Duncan, J. Superintendent.* G. S. Templeton, An'l Husbandman. E.S. Girton, Assistant. B. Hobdy, Assistant. N. A. Negley, Assistant* Mrs. Birdie I. Robinson* Chas. 5. Jones, Assistant* S. S. Jerdan, Assistant.* A. R. Gissendanner, Assistant. J. A. McLeod. *In co-operation with United States Department of Agriculture. LOCAL FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON IN SOUTH ALABAMA IN 1913 BY J. F. DUGGAR, J. T. WILLIAMSON, L. J. HAWLEY SUMMARY. Bulletin No. 174 records the results of fertilizer experiments with cotton conducted by the Alabama Experiment Station in the counties of the southern half of Alabama in 1913. Extremely dry weather and other unfavorable conditions made some of these experiments inconclusive. The following summary is based on only the conclusive experiments. In 10 out of 23 conclusive experiments, cotton seed meal was more effective than either acid phosphate or kainit. In 4 experiments, phosphate was more effective than kainit; in 5 it was about equally as important as kainit; and in 6 tests, it was less effective than kainit, though needed; thus in 65 per cent of these experiments, acid phosphate was needed to a greater or less extent. In 11 experiments kainit was more important than phosphate, and in 5 instances it was about equally as effective as phosphate; that is, in 70 per cent of these experiments, kainit was needed to a greater or less extent. This table shows that, as a rule, the complete fertilizers (Plots 9, 10 and 12) were more profitable than fertilizers applied singly or in pairs. The complete fertilizers were also the most profitable applications in 1911 and in 1912 in Southern Alabama. In the general average it was more effective in all three years to apply 200 pounds of kainit in a complete fertilizer (Plot 9) than to use 100 pounds of kainit (Plot 10). However, in 1911, a larger profit was made when 100 pounds of kainit was used. The average of the conclusive experiments in both 1912 and 1913 shows that 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting was practically equal in effect to 100 pounds of nitrate of soda applied after the plants were six inches high. 148 The following table shows the average increase in seed cotton per acre and the average profit, when all of these 23 conclusive experiments are averaged. KIND OF KIIND OF a, Va FE z 1 2 3 6 Average plot; Z 4 5 " a ER RTILLIZ over unfertilized plo; sed Coton per acre. rar seed otn increase Aeaepoi from fertilizer Averge pofi pe ce 6 7 Lbs. 200 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 000 240 8 9 C. S. Meal______ Acid Phosphate No fertilizer-Kainit _156 C. S. Meal_________ Acid Phosphate C. S. Meal _________ Kaini t No fertilizer ------Acid Phosphate 200 Kainit_____________ --- ------ Lbs. 125 84 201 26 263 __ ___ $ 2.51 1.96 4.15 7.._10 -- 5.46 - 199 9 327 -- 200 C. S. Meal_________ 1 1 10 240 Acid Phosphate 200 Kainit_____________ 200 C. S. Meal-----Acid Phosphate 8.30 12 _ 275 __276 7.17 100 Kainit____________ 11 '12 000 No fertilizer-240 Acid Phosphate .~100 Kainit Soda (late)100 Nitrate of Soda (ate) 7.16 Introductory. The chief object of these local fertilizer experiments or soil. tests has been to ascertain the best fertilizer combination of fertilizers for cotton, growing on each of the principal soils of the southern half of Alabama. The results recorded in this bulletin were obtained in fertilizer experiments conducted by funds appropriated by the Legislature of Alabama, in February 1911, to the Experiment Station for making local experiments with crops, fertilizers, fruits, live stock, insects, plant diseases, etc. This bulletin deals only with fertilizer experiments carried to a conclusion in 1913 in the southern half of the State. For the counties grouped together in this bulletin are those south of or within the Central Prairie or Lime Region." ience conven- lying The results of fertilizer experiments made in the counties lying 149 wholly north of the Central Prairie Region will appear in a later bulletin. Local fertilizer tests constitute only one of many lines of experiments instituted in 1911 by the Alabama Experiment Station with the support of State funds. Local fertilizer experiments as now conducted are made by farmers especially recommended as being men likely to take the necessary pains to secure accurate results. Small lots of carefully weighed and mixed fertilizers were supplied to each experimenter. Detailed instructions as to how to conduct the experiment and blank forms for reporting results were also furnished. Representatives of the Station inspected the experiments here published as often as practicable. The directions sent to each experimenter stated that the land employed for this test should be level and uniform, not manured in recent years, not in towpeas the preceding year, and that it should be representative of large soil areas in its vicinity. The need of perfect uniformity and standard treatment for all plots (except as to kind of fertilizer used) was emphasized. Fertilizers were applied in the usual manner-that is, drilled before planting, except nitrate of soda which was directed to be applied when the plants were 6 to 10 inches high. Bulletins this far published in this series detailing the results of local fertilizer experiments with cotton on this uniform plan are the following: For South Alabama-Bulletins No. 160, 169, and 174. For North Alabama-Bulletins No. 162, 170, and (in press) 175. The reader should bear in mind that there are great numbers of different soils in Alabama, and that even the same soil would give different results in different years, depending on how it had been cropped, fertilized, and cared for in the year or two immediately preceding the test. It is the purpose of the authors in later years to publish bulletins classifying the soils on which all these tests are made and drawing conclusions relative to the needs of each class of soils. However, before this can be safely done, these experiments must be often repeated, so that the average results may teach clearly the fertilizer requirements of each distinct type of soil. Averaging the results obtained on dissimilar soils xill not afford 150 Neither will chemical analysis of.the the desired information. soil indicate what fertilizers are needed. WEATHER CONDITIONS. In most localities the summer of 1913 was an extremely dry one; especially hurtful was the drought about August. The average rainfall in the part of Alabama covered by these experiments is given below by months, according to data furnished by the Alabama Weather Service. In 1913 killing frost occurred much earlier than usual, Oct. 210 Inches Jan.--------4.97 Apr. Feb.--------5.45 May 11.59 June Mar. -- -- -------2.47 Inches July___ Inches 5.84 Inches Oct.NovDec. ----- 2.42 3.51 Aug. _____ 2.58 7.88 Sept. -- 1.41 2.24 LOCATION OF EXPERIMENTS. The following list gives the name and address of each experimenter who has reported the results of fertilizer experiments made in 1913 in the part of the State indicated, together with the page of this bulletin where the results may be found: COUNTY POST OFFICE NAME -- Page 165 188 E. L.-173 Butler-------- Greenville -____Gradon, Butler -------- Covington, J. L. Choctaw ------Sparrow, R.F. -Choctaw ----- Butler -- ---Ezell, B. J. __Lisman Choctaw ------- ------ 190 168 166 ___ ___ _190. Choctaw---. -_Silas-________---Edgar, Clarke--------- Clarke--------Thomasville Grove W G..163 Coffee --------- Elba Covington --- Hill-----Calhoun, J. Winters--------------Hearron, R. L-------.---- ---- Smith, 0.C.__ _._ _ _---Braxton, Conecub---Belleville J. J. ---------------------------- 190 -------------------- ----- Hawkins, Dale ----- ---- Ozark -------- -Byrd, J. W. -------------------Crenshaw-__Luverne Andalusia _-Rushton, -- W. N. F. L. Elmore Elmore-___Tallassee Escambia --Escambia Greene ------- Eclectic --._ -- A. M. ,______ Patterson, W. A.------Jordon, I. Maddox, Pittman, 187 183, 190 177 __190 --Geneva ---Henry ----------- Atmore Hale --------. Greensboro __Tutwiler, P. A., Jr.-__-__-_-Wilkerson, C. F. . _.------_____190Headland_-Dothan ------ Hatcher, D. M.------------------Houston Lowndes---Letohatchie -- Mitchell, J. B., Jr. _______----__154 Marengo-__Gallion ------- Eutaw -------- Lett, Silas-------------------Brewton --Hartford..------- Grantham, G. E. ______- -- -_ --___ ---------- 176_ 174 W. L. and R. C- ----- 180 190 _ 161 185 Marengo_--Demopolis _~Boggess, J. P. and N. W._--- ------ 156 190 Jackson, W. W.----------------153---J. T._______-------170Monroe---Monroeville--Holloway, J. L.----------------G. W._----------------__190. Marengo---Linden -----Scogin, Russell ------- Perry --------- Marion----Thomas, ------- Hooks. ---- Pike ---------Troy ---------Gibson, N. T.--------------- --- 181 Mitchell, R. M. .- - - -190:: 151 COUNTY Sumter Sumter Wilcox POST OFFICE -- NAME A. -159 Page 153 _ -------- Geiger Washington___ Wilcox ------- Geiger ------- Payne, A. J. LeRoy ------ M. Pruitt, A. D. ------- Camden G. -:----Cook, -__-Gilbert, E. ------- McWilliams __ Chappelle, R. F. 167 190 171 THE FERTILIZERS USED. The following prices are used, as representing approximately the average cash price in local markets during the last few years: These prices are somewhat above the prices paid by this Station. Acid Phosphate (16 per cent. available)Cotton seed meal--------Kainit---------------------$14.00 Per Ton $14.00 __ __$30.00 _ _--------$60.00 Nitrate of soda----__ Prices naturally vary in different localities. Any one can substi tute the cost of fertilizers in his locality for the prices given above. In each experiment three plots were left unfertilized, these being plots 3, 7, and 11. When these yields differed widely the experiment was classed as inconclusive. The increase on plots 4 to 6 is calculated on the assumption that the gradation in fertility is uniform from plots 3 to 7; likewise the increase is calculated for plots 8 to 10 inclusive.* PRICE ASSUMED FOR SEED COTTON. The price assumed is $20.00 per ton for seed, and 13 cents per pound for lint. This is equal to 5 cents per pound for seed cotton turning out 3313 per cent. of lint. Deducting X- cents per pound as the average cost of picking and ginning, and we have left 4.4 cents as the net value per pound. of the increase of seed cotton due to fertilizers. This is the figure used in all financial calculations. latter *For the standard method of calculation employed, see Alabama Station. Bulletins 160 or 162. 152 Prunds per acre of fertilizers; nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash used and composition of each mixture. FERTILZMIXTURE CONTAINS IFERTILIZOF ERS COST o 5) a OF ~i KIND FERTILIZER Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 1 2 4 5S 6 S ---13.58 91 J 200 Acid phosphate-_-__. 240 Cotton seed meal 200 Cotton seed meal 13.58 5.76 35 $3000 $300 In 100 lbs. c. meal* s. 67.9 2.88 1.77 240 Acid phosphate-38____ __ 38.40140 In 100 lbs. acid phos 16.00 200 Kainit--24.60 14 00 1.40 In 100 lbs. kainit_,_- 12.30 5 200 Cotton seed meal 18416_ 3 240 Acid phosphate 13.581 27 4.68 In 100 lbs. above rnixt_ _ 3.09 10.04 0.80 200 Cotton seed meal _ --_ _ 13.58 5.76 28.14 20 Kainit_-__ In 100 lbs. __ _2 above rnzxt_ 3.39 1.44 7.03 240 Acid phosphate-------200 Kainit S 13.99 3.08 In 100 lbs. abovenixt-_8.73 5.59. - ---. ----- --- -- -- .0 44 1 200 Kainit____---- In 100 lbs. above rnixt_ 10 1'2 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate------100 Kainit ----S Wjixt_ S 44.16 28.14 6.90 4.40 15.84) 19.93 5.38 2.12 19.00 6.08 In 100 lbs. above mixt_ 240 Acid phosphate--___ 100 Kainit ---_ _-_ 100 Nitrate of ----- 13.58 44.16 2 51 8.18 2.935 24.45 soda 14.00 16.00 12.30 )----3.18 8.73 2.80 .5.38 In 100 lbs. abuove *Average than of many analyses. ,;Counting all the phosphoric acid in cotton seed meal as available. Those farmers who are more accustomed to the word ammonia the term nitrogen, can change the figures for nitrogen into their ammonia equivalents by multiplying by ar. to 153 SUMTER COUNTY, 3 MILES NORTHWEST OF GEIGER. A. J. PAYNE D)ark prairie upland (Houston clay). The stand was uniform. This land is subject to rust, but no damage was reported from this disease in 1913. Weevils were present but not in sufficient numbers to be harmful. The largest profit, $7.93, or 566 per cent. on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained from an application of 200 pounds of kainit on Plot 4. Profits of $6.34 and $6.25 were made on Plots 6 and 8 respectively, both of which were fertilized with a mixture containing 200 pounds of kainit. After excluding Plot 9, which was slightly injured by shade, the largest average increase, 177 pounds of seed cotton per acre, is attributable to an application of kainit; the second largest, 101 pounds of seed cotton per acre, to cotton seed meal. Acid phosphate gave an average increase of 69 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed meal applied before planting was slightly more profitable than was nitrate of soda applied when plants were 6 to 8 inches high. This was also true of an experiment conducted by Mr. Payne on similar soil in 1912. It is evident that kainit was the most profitable fertilizer on Similar results were obtained in 1912. Howthis soil in 1913. ever, under more severe attacks of boll weevil which are sure to come within the next few years, it is probable that phosphate and nitrogen will become increasingly important as means of hastening growth. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot ---------------------To acid phosphate plot To kainit plot -- 88 lbs. 184 lbs. 32 lbs. -101 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 48 lbs. To unfertilized plot_ ---------------------------------To cotton seed meal plot------------------------------- 144 lbs. 000 lbs. To kainit plot ---------------------------------- Average increase 'with acid phosphate ---------------------- 69 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot_ ----------------------------------- 212 lbs. 154 To cotton seed meal plot---------------------------To acid phosphate plot----------------------------- A'verage increase 'with kainit----------- 156 lbs. 164 lbs. 177 lbs. - Experiments in Sumter and Lowndes Counties. GEIGER 0o0o a n a 3 LETOHATCHIE aI, a 0 KIND OF FERTILIZER 4O~~C rd oN &. C-4 4 ~a O t~Q- ~ n I Lbs. 188 308 - 1 2 3 4 6 Lbs. Lbs. 760 88 Cotton seed meal 48720 Acid phosphate--NIo fertilizer--------672--------82 212 Kainit----------896 200 C. S. Meal- -4cp ht 928 232 S24S IAcid phosphate -J 200 C. S. Meal952 244 Lbs. 200 240 000 200 ---- -200 Kainit 000 No fertilizer--------720 240 Acid phosphate- _ 936 $0.87 0.43 5.53 Lbs. 1040 544 848 1544 1232 $ 5.27 15.23 . 52 64 5 46 58 55 7.931344 492 20.2 -4 -4.86 692 26.05 -- 6.34 ----- 81 9 10 11 7 - -----6.25 380 212 200 Kainit---------200 C. S. Meal240 Acid phosphate-200 Kainit----------___- 13.64 16.62 _ 51 70 59 976 248 4.83 1368 516 200 C. S. Meal 240 Acid phosphate-- 856 736-------792 124 0.08 824 _--_- 65 100 Kainit---------_ 12 5 000 240 100 No fertilizer -___ Acid Kainit ------ phosphate-- ------ ------ ------ ------ 62 56 2.92------- ------- ------ 53 100 Nitrate of soda-- LOWNDES COUNTY, 12 MILE WEST OFLETOL-ATCH JE. J. B. MITCHELL, JR. Black slough prairie land. This experiment occupies a narrow bottom naturally fertile, and On account is typical of the bottom lands of the prairie region. of the bottom it was necessary to .arrange the of the narrowhess twelve plots in two series. ent- in Certain plots were found to be differ- fertility from the others and this made it, in connection with 155 the location of each plot, advisable to use in calculating the increase the yield on only Plot 3 of unfertilized plots. The -largest profit, $26.05 per acre, was obtained from Plot 6, fertilized with 200 pounds cotton seed meal and 200 pounds kainit per acre; this was equivalent to a profit of 592 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. Alone, and in every combination, 200 pounds of kainit was extremely effective and profitable. This was probably due to the fact that rust did some damage, being reported as most severe on the plots receiving no kainit. Cotton seed meal was also effective and profitable in every combination, but to a less extent than an equal weight of kainit. Acid phosphate was not only useless, but the yield on plots reoceiving this fertilizer was reduced, apparently by its presence. This is an exceptional result, even on prairie land, and is probably due to the hastening effect of acid phosphate, which brought the plants fertilized with phosphate into a condition where they were more severely injured than were the later plants by the drought in August and by rust. The table on page 154 shows the percentage of the total yields of seed cotton harvested in the first of the three pickings on September 24. Note at this date Plot 2, receiving only acid phosphate, had 64 per cent of its crop open, while the kainit plot (4) had only 46 per cent of its bolls open. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: 188 lbs. To unfertilized plot ----------------------------------266 lbs. To acid phosphate plot -------------------------------To kainit plot .---------------------------------------- 62 lbs. 344 lbs. --To acid phosphate and kainit plot_------Average increase with cotton seed meal_ 215 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 308 lbs. To unfertilized plot------------------------------------230 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot--------------------111 lbs. --------------------------------------To kainit plot 171 lbs. -----------------To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average increase with acid phosphate---------------------120 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot_ - ----------- 423 lbs. -_ -------To cotton seed meal plot_ To acid phosphate plot -------------------------------- 297 lbs. 620 lbs. 156 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plotAoverage increase with kainit ___________510 -698 lbs. lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: 698 lbs. From use of 200 pcunds kainit ------------------------362 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit - MARENGO COUNTY, 1 MILE EAST OF DEMOPOLIS. J. P. & N. W. BOGGESS. Yellowish post oak clay. This land has been long in cultivation. The original forest trees were oak. The preceding crop was cotton. The data here given is for the first two pickings only. The season was extremely dry. Boll weevils arrived too late to do much damage. The largest profit, $8.70 per acre, or 162 per cent on the infertilizers, was made on Plot 12, which received a comvestment plete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda. This plot also made the largest increase in yield, 320 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Each fertilizer, when applied singly or in complete fertilizer containing 200 pounds of kainit, made profitable yields. Wherever kainit was applied with only phosphate or only meal, a decreased yield was obtained. However, on Plot 9, an increase of 140 pounds of seed cotton per acre was obtained by an application of 200 pounds of kainit, while there was no increase where only 100 pounds of kainit was used. One hundred pounds of nitrate of soda, applied when the plants were small, was better by 270 pounds of seed cotton per acre than was 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting. in Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot_ 160 To acid phosphate plot -120 To kainit plot -------------------------80 To acid phosphate and kainit plot lbs. lbs. lbs. -150 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal_To unfertilized plot --------200 28 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To cotton seed meal plot -80 To kainit plot ------------------------------------ -_ lbs. lbs. 50 lbs. 157 To cotton seed meal and kainit pot______ 180 lb. Average increase 'with acid phosphate-----------------------63 lbs. Increase To To To To of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: unfertilized plot --------------------------cotton seed meal plot. acid phosphate plot-_-130 cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot 120 lbs. -120 lbs. lbs. 140 lbs. Average increase 'with kainit -- - ------- 3 lbs. 140 lbs. -30 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kinit_ From use of 100 pounds kainit------- ------ Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer--------150 Increase from use of nitrate of soda 420 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by-270 lbs. lbs. Experiments in Marengo County. DEMOPOLIs LINDEN KINDOF LXLL I Q O°' O N a 4 N C o r 1 4 FERTILIZER "' e)k. v Qo- c. -4 ' 6 o ~ $ 4.04 7.12 3.88 1 2 3 4 Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate 000 200 No fertilizer Kainit - Lbs. 1400 1440 1320_ 32 Lbs. 160 200 5..200 67 5 240 Acid phosphate-- _ C.S. ----- 1240-------1360 120 ------ 744 -1.16 -2.64 Lbs. 928 11568 824 Lbs. 184 424 ---- $ 5.10 16.9& - 88 2.47 Meal 80 40 1168 440 000 14.68 -4.40 -- 1280 -el .S 0 7 000 No fertilizer__-___1240 1280 8 240 Acid phosphate. 8 200 Kainit-_------0S.0 200 C. S. Meal 720, j__- 70-0.0 3.60 712 976-28 96 25 1160 1200 8.2 82 13.1a 15.30 9 11 12 ---1400 1200 1 240 Acid phosphate--. 200 Kainit----- 220 50 436 470 l 200 C. S. Meal __- 10 240 Acid phosphate L 100 Kainit. 000 100 No fertilizer__-__ Kainit - )__ .___ -3.18 8.70 1120----_------1440 320 __- 736---1032 296 240 Acid phosphate_ 100 7.64- Nitrate of soda~)___- _____-______ 158 MARENGO COUNTY, 2 MILES SOUTHWEST OF LINDEN. J. T. SCOGIN. Black, stiff post oak soil, with stiff, yellowish subsoil. This field has been in cultivation for three years, since growing broomsedge and pine saplings. Boll weevil did some damage, especially on plots receiving nitrogen. The largest increase, 470 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was afforded by the complete fertilizer on Plot 10. But the largest profit, $16.98 per acre, or 1011 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, resulted from.the use of acid phosphate alone (Plot 2). Acid phosphate was by far the most important fertilizer constituent; nitrogen was also needed; but potash was useless. The average increase was, with acid phosphate, 322 pounds of seed cotton per acre; with cotton seed meal, 73 pounds; and with kainit there was an average loss of 67 pounds per acre. However, 100 pounds of kainit afforded a small increase, but too slight to be notably profitable. Cotton seed meal (200 pounds per acre, applied at date of planting, May 2) was much more effective than 100 pounds of nitrate of soda, applied July 10. This is probably explained by the late date on which the nitrate was applied, with consequent effect in delaying the maturity of the cotton plant and thus giving opportunity for greater damage by boll weevil and by early frost, October 21. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To To To To unfertilized plot acid phosphate plot. . . kainit plot acid phosphate and kainit plot -184 . . . . . - lbs. 16 lbs. -- 88 lbs. 178 lbs. 73 lbs. lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot - -424 To cotton seed meal meal plot To kainit plot -- 256 lbs. 170 lbs. - To cotton seed meal and kainit plotAverage increase 'with acid phosphate To unfertilized plot To cotton seed meal plot_- - 436 lbs. 322 lbs. - Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: ---- 88 lbs. - -184 lbs. 159 To acid phosphate plot--------------------------------166 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot - 4 lbs. A'verage increase ~with kainit_ -67 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit - -- 4 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit _______30 Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer Increase from use of nitrate of soda_ Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by lbs. 178 lbs. 4 lbs. 174 lbs. SUMTER COUNTY, 1% MILES SOUTH OF GEIGER. E. A. GILBERT. Light colored, stiff, branch bottom, with red clay subsoil. This is not a lime soil though close to the southern edge of the prairie region. The field has been long in cultivation. The variety of cotton was Broadwell and the stand was good. Planting was not done until May 20, which late date of planting in this year of early frost may explain the low yields, especially on the unfertilized plots. Kainit was by far the most important fertilizer constituent on this land, which is quite liable to cotton rust. Boll weevils did no perceptible damage. The average increase in pounds of seed cotton per acre was 475 pounds from kainit; 75 pounds from acid phosphate; and 67 pou'nds from cotton seed meal. The largest profit, $19.62 per acre, or 637 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained from the mixture of acid phosphate and kainit; the next largest profit, $16.45 per acre, resulted from the use, on Plot 9, of a complete fertilizer containing 200 pounds of kainit. Mr. Gilbert's experiment has been conducted for three years in succession on the same land. The results agree closely. In all three years kainit ranked first in effectiveness and profit, but phosphate and nitrogen were also needed. In all years 200 pounds of kainit per acre was more profitable than was 100 pounds per acre. AVERAGE INCREASE DUE TO COTTON SEED MEAL, ACID PHOSPHATE OR KA1NIT IN ALL COMBINATIONS. Fertilizer 1911 1912 1913 Av. 3 yrs. 200 lbs. cotton seed meal 133 72 67 91 240 lbs. acid phosphate--------- 156 132 75 121 200 lbs. kainit 276 440 435 316 200 lbs. cotton seed meal better than 100 lbs. nitrate of soda by 47 -80 -132 -55 160 It is clear from the above that when boll weevil injury is not severe the best fertilizer for cotton on this soil is one rich in potash but containing also acid phosphate and some form of nitrogen. Other experiments indicate that most soils need less potash or kainit than did Mr. Gilbert's soil. Moreover, when weevil infestation is severe the use of moderate amounts of kainit (say 100 pounds) is probably safer than the use of larger amounts, because: kainit retards maturity. Nitrate of soda was more profitable than cotton seed meal in two out of the three years. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot To kainit plot -------- 1913 __-__ _____ ._-___8bs, -- To acid phosphate plot ----------- 128 lbs. 136lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot --- -- - - 4 lbs Average increase 'withi cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot____________________ To cotton seed meal plot _____ __________lbs. T o kainit plot - -- -- - - - - - - --To cotton seed meal and kainit Average increase 67 lbs._ -80 lbs. plot ---- - - - ---- 240 lbs._ l lbs. 75 lbs. 'with acid phosphate---- Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized To cotton seed meal plot -- -- - - - -- - -- - -- --plot --- - - - - - - - - ---- - -plot -- ---- - - - - --- --- _____-_______ 276 lbs. 404 lbs. 596 lbs. To acid phosphate -- To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot- 464 lbs. 435 lbs. Average increase 'with kainit____ From use of 200 pounds kainit From use of 100 pounds kainit Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: -------------- 464 lbs. ----------- ---- lbs. 292 Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer_____-Increase from use of nitrate of sd -Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by - -4 lbs~ 128 lhs. 132 lbs.. 161 Experiments in Sumter and Hate Counties. GEIGER GREENSBORO o o z o ~ ~ a~ SELbs. 200 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 000 240 200 40 KIND OF FERTILIZER a Q So o Or 5 - 7 1. 2 3 4 5 Cotton seed mealT._ Acid phosphate_-__ No fertilizerKainit C. S. Meal26 Acid phosphate4 C. S. Meal _ _ Kainit Lbs. 216 128 208-880 Lbs. 8 $-2.65 -80 -5.20 276 412 51o 512 340 10.74 -5 13.73 19.62 16.45 9.58 Lbs. 1008 848 1008 0 1120 944 1040 1088 1072 944 Lts. 128 -32 112 1 292 $ 2.63 3.09 3.53 3 8.45 1.14 0.26 0.25- 504 680 288 800 792 6 616 272 744 7 :1 -------- - No fertilizer_.__--_ Acid phosphate-_ IKainit-____-_-_}/ 96 144 128 200 9 240 200 200 10 -) 240 100 11 000 240 12100 100 C. S. Meal__ Acid phosphateKainit_-__--_-_ C. S. Meal__ Acid phosphate Kainit____ No fertilizer__ _ Acid phosphateKainit----__Nitrate of soda _ 472 1539 1264 320 870 HALE COUNTY, 112 MILES SOUTHEAST OF GREENSBORO. P. A. TUTWILER, JR. Gray, sandy soil, withi red clay subsoil. The recent crops on this old land were cotton. No damagewas done by rust nor by boll weevil. The largest increase, 320 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was afforded by Plot 12, which received a complete fertilizer, containing nitrate of soda. The largest profit, $8.70 per acre, or 161 per cent on the investment in fertilizers, was also obtained on Plot 12. The secondlargest profit, $8.45 per acre, or .192 per cent on the in investmentall fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 6, fertilized with cotton seed meal- and kainit. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal in 162 .and, combinations was 96 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate. an average loss of 32 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to kainit, an increase of 88 pounds of seed cotton per acre. One hundred pounds of kainit was practically as good as 200 pounds in 1913 and better than 200 pounds in 1912. Nitrate of soda was considerably more effective than cotton seed meal both in 1912 and in 1913. In 1912, nitrogen was by far the most important fertilizer constituent, but potash was also profitable and phosphate of doubtful profit. 128 lbs. .Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot. To acid phosphate plot-------To kainit plot- - - - - - -- - - - To acid phosphate and kainit plot Average inicreasewit/h cotton seed meal 128 lbs. 80 lbs. 48 lbs. 96 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To To To To -- unfertilized plot ------- cotton seed meal plot kainit plot-- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - --cotton seed meal and kainit plot.___ - - 32 lbs. -32 lbs. 16 lbs. -48 lbs. 32 lbs. 112 lbs. 64 lbs. Average increase wsit/h acid phosphate-_--------- Increase of seed cotton per acre w~hen kainit was added: To unfertilized plot ----- --- ------ -- --- To cotton seed meal plot -------- --------- -- - - - - -- To acid phosphate plot - - ---- --- 128 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot_______-------Avserage increase 48 lbs. 48 lbs. 'with.kainit------ --- ---- ---_- 88 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quanties of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit From use of 100 pounds kainit ------------- ---------------- 32 lbs. 48 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer . Increase from the use of nitrate of soda ---- -------- 240 lbs. 192 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by 163 CHOCTAW COUNTY, 1 MILE EAST OF LISMAN. B. J. EZELL. Gray, sandy loam, with yellow subsoil. This poor, sandy land had been long in cultivation. The three preceding crops were cotton, which probably explains the large amount of damage by the boll weevil. The injury by boll weevil probably explains in part why all the crop was picked out by October 7, and why there are apparent contradictions among the figures representing the increase. The largest increase, 256 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was afforded by Plot 10, receiving a complete fertilizer containing 100 pounds of kainit per acre. Kainitlwas the fertilizer most needed under the peculiar conditions of this 'year of drought. One hundred pounds was more effective than 200 pounds. It should be noted that the seasons were such that kainit did not greatly delay maturity (at least not beyond October 7). Cotton seed meal and nitrate of soda were both profitable, but phosphate was apparently injurious. The writers believe that this latter result is exceptional and attributable to the peculiar character of the seasons; for it sometimes happens that on a soil needing phosphate this fertilizer so hastens maturity as to make the plant enter a period of drought in a condition in which it is especially liable to injury by rust, shedding, etc. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot - 144 lbs. To acid phosphate plot To kainit plot-_ To acid phosphate and kainit plot _--112 Average -136 lbs. 24 lbs. lbs. increase with cotton seed meal---------------------- 36 lbs. lbs. 200 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot To kainit plot_ .- -_80 -- To cotton seed meal plot ---- _ ---- -- - --- 148 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average increase with acid phosphate 60 lbs. .-- ------- -82 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added. To unfertilized plot212 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot _ 92 lbs. 164 To acid phosphate plot___________ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plotAverage increase -16 lbs. 232 l bs.. 130 lbs.. 'wtt1 kainit--------- Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit. 232lbs.. From use of 200 pounds kainit--From use of 100 pounds kainit _______12lbs 112 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizerIncrease from use of nitrate of soda-----96lbs. 16 lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by Experiments in Choctaw County, LISMAN (% m. East) 4 0 N -, LIsMAN (6 m. S. E.) 0 O 1 v, °' O ~FERTILIZER 0~~~~~~ KIND OF u- 0 u- 4-' 1 2 3 Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal Acid phosphate--_- .240 5 Lbs. 464 400 320 000 No fertilizer----- 4 200 Kainit_560 200 C. S. 240 Acid C. S. 200 phosphate- Meal --Meal --.__ --- --- 320 212 7.93 440 -56 236 -7.14 Lbs. 144 80 $ 3.34 1.84 Lbs. 320 360 Lbs. 000 40 $-3.0; 0.09 114 140 222 3.62' 1.481 5.37 320 660 432 472 560 344- 6 7 S200 Kainit-_---000 5.98 No fertilizer----_ -----64 -0.26 176 256 1.66 5.88 8 '240 Acid phosphate__1 S200 Kainit----- 512 640 736 496 608 664 784 258 308 422 8.277.47 13.19, 200 200 C. S. Meal 9 10 11 240 Acid phosphate- *(200 000 240 100 Kai nit C. S. Meal--240 5.18 240 Acid phosphate-* 100 Kainit-_ - ___ No fertilizer--__ Acid phosphate- 368-6 ---624 256 5.8& 12 100 Kainit-----Nitrate of soda- 736 165 'CHOCTAW COUNTY, 6 MILES SOUTHEAST OF LISMAN. J. L. COVINGTON. Light colored sandy loam, with stiffer subsoil. This land had been cleared cotton. for many years. The two pre.ceding crops About August 5, Mr. Covington ireported that weevils were numerous and that he was picking up squares, but that the crop was then looking promising. The largest profit, $13.19 per acre, or 245 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 10, which received a were complete fertilizer containing only 100 pounds of kainit. This smaller amount of kainit was more effective and profitable than a larger amount, though both paid well. The average increase attributable to kainit was 183 pounds of .seed.cotton per.acre; to acid phosphate, 103 pounds; and, to cot:ton seed meal, 65 pounds. Nitrate of soda, applied July 20, not only failed to increase the yields, but apparently depressed the yield. This is probably due to the extremely late date of application, a date too late for best results in the absence of the weevil, and much too late when the boll weevil is present. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot_ 000 lbs. To acid phosphate plot-... 100 lbs. To kainit plot---------------------------------------108 lbs To acid phosphate and kainit plot 50 lbs. of seed cotton Increase unfertilized plotper acre when acid phosphate To To cotton seed meal plot. T o kainit plot.. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average increase with cotton seed meal - --.. 65 lbs. was added: .. . 40 140 144 86 lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate ..... increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot. To cotton seed meal plot To acid phosphate plotTo cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot 103 lbs. 114 222 218 168 lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. Aoerage increase with kainit-- ----- -- - ------ 183 lbs. Incrtease of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: lbs. -... _168 From use of 200 pounds of kainit 282 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit 50 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer --... ....------ - 116 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda 166 lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by 166 CLARKE COUNTY, 6 MILES WEST OF THOMASVILLE. R. L. HEARRON. Gray, sandy loam wit!h stiffer subsoil. This land had been in cultivation for many years. The two preceding crops were cotton. Hot weather in August did some damage, and boll weevils were present late in the season. The largest increase, 416 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was obtained on Plot 12, receiving a complete fertilizer including nitrate of soda. This plot also afforded the largest net profit, $12.92 per acre, or 240 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 223 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate only 14 while with kainit there was an average loss of 13 pounds of seed cotton when we average results of applying 200 pounds of kainit per acre in four different combinations. 10, at the rate of 100 pounds per Nitrate of soda applied acre, was more effective than was 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting. pounds; June Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was To unfertilized plot- - - - -- - - To acid phosphate plot--------To kainit plot- --- - - - - -To acid phosphate and kainit plot------- added: - - 200 lbs. 124 lbs. 292 lbs. 276 lbs. - Average increase with cotton seed meal 223 lbs. 96 lbs._ Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot.-------------------------To cotton seed meal To cotton seed meal To kainit plot---------------------------------------- -22 lbs. and kainit plot--------------------------38 lbs._ plot------------------------------ 20 lbs. Average increase 2with acid phosphate---- -------- ----------Increase-of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To To unfertilized 14 lbs. -14 lbs._ plot.--..--------------------------------plot--------------------------------- To cotton seed meal plot acid phosphate --------------------------------- 72 lbs. -132 lbs. 20 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot----------------12 -------------- lbs._ Average increase with kainit -- -Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit---------------------------- 20 lbs.. From use of 100 pounds kainit Increase from use of nitrate of Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer-- -- -- -- 276 lbs._ -------------------- 32 lbs. 440 lbs.- soda --------------------------- Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by----------------- 164 lbs. 167 Experiments in Clarke and Washington Counties. THOMASVILLE 00L~ KIND OF ° 0 LEROY 4" o a FERTILIZER c o S 'I ~ ~O u « ° - NC ~ Los. 96 128 1 2 3 4 5 Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal-240 Acid phosphate---000) o fertilizer____ Kainit____________ 200 C. S. Meal_._ _ 240 Lbs. Lbs. 712 200 $ 5.80 608 96 2.54 512 544 5200 14 -2.02 824 928 220 Lbs 576 608 $ 1.22 3.95 48 592 832 768 464_24 116 360 300, 6 7 S200 Acid phosphate 200 C. S. Kainit_____ No Acdpohae C. S. Acid Meal--- -L 5.01 7.83 1116 8.80 3.70 278 000 200 240 fertilizer-.Meal---_ - -60 696 240Acd hophte 9~ -~36 -4.6b6 816 240 ---624 688 4.48 152 208 3.61 3.07 ( 10 11 1 -_____ 200 Kainit -__ 200 C. S. Meal 240 Acid phosphate100 Kainit_._ __ phoshate-~ 768 456 252 5.71 656 496 168 2.01 000 240 No fertilizer---_ ---1.2 -8 18 Acid phosphate-. 2 10Kinit__________ 46 82 82 46 56 100 Nitrate of soda- 129-7 8 18 WASHINGTON COUNTY, 7 MILES WEST CARSON, NEAR LEROY. A. The largest increase, OF D. PRUITT. Red sandy loam, with reddish clay subsoil. 360 pounds of seed cotton per acre, and $11.16 per acre, or 238 per cent on the investment in fertilizers, was afforded by Plot 5. This was fertilized at the rate per acre of 200 pounds of cotton seed meal, 240 pounds of acid phosphate. Boll weevils did much damage and it is doubtless due to fact that the complete fertilizers on Plots 9 and 10, and especially on Plot 12, afforded only slight profits. Possibly the kainit in these complete fertilizers induced additionalboll weevil injury by' the largest profit, this, 168 maturity.. Likewise it is quite probable that the unnaturally low yield on Plot 12, may have been due to the late application of -nitrate of soda, which in many of our tests has served to notably retard the maturity of the cotton plant. Vhere nitrate of soda is used as a fertilizer for cotton in the presence of the boll Fweevil it should be applied earlier than is usually done, probably soon after vigorous growth begins not long after the cotton is first "dirted", or when about 6 or 8 inches high. delaying Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed To unfertilized plot-------- meal was added: 96 lbs. 232 lbs. -- To acid phosphate plot T o kainit plot------ ----To acid phosphate and kainit plot A verage ---- - 184 56 lbs. lbs. increase 'wit/s cotton seed meal- - 142 lbs. 128 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot------- ---To cotton seed meal plot-To kainit plot To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average /increase 'with acid p/osp/hate- 264 lbs. 36 lbs. -92 lbs. 84 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: T'o unfertilized plot- --- -------To cotton seed meal plot--------To acid phosphate plot--_. *To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot--152 116 lbs. - - - - - - 204 lbs. 24 lbs. lbs. Average increase 'wit/h kainit 48-------lbs Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete Increase from use of nitrate of soda fertilizer--- -32 56 lbs. lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by- 88 lbs. CLARKE COUNTY, 8 MILES WEST OF W HATLEY, NEAR GROVE HILL. J. WINTERS CALHOUN. Gray, sandy soil, with red clay sutbsoil, This land had been cleared about ten years, and the preceding crop was cotton. The stand was go-cd. Boll weevils .were present, but did little damage. The average increase due to acid phosphate was 136 pounds of seed cotton. per acre; to cotton seed meal, 118 pounds; and, 169 with kainit, there was a loss of 4 pounds of seed cotton per acre when all kainit combinations are averaged, but a moderate increase wherever kainit was used in a complete fertilizer. The largest profit per acre, $9.05, or 168 per cent on the investment in fertilizers, was obtained on Plot 10. This mixture, which seems to be one that may well be recommended for similar lands, consists of200 pounds cotton seed meal. 240 pounds acid phosphate. 100 pounds kainit. The preceding year, on fresher land, the average increase with acid phosphate was 213 pounds of seed cotton per acre; with cotton seed meal, 129 pounds; and, with kainit, 104 pounds. In both years the smaller amount of kainit gave a larger yield than 200 pounds. Cotton seed meal was better than nitrate of soda. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot__ To acid phosphate plot _ - To kainit plot _To acid phosphate and kainit plot Average increase ewithl cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot -_ To cotton seed meal plot_ - 256 24 136 56 lbs lbs Ibs. lbs. 118 lbs. 208 -24 220 140 lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. _-- COt Average increase ewith acid phosphate Increase of seed cotton per acre when'kainit was added: To unfertilized plot_ To cotton seed meal plot _--_ To kainit plot To cotton seed meal and kainit plot_ Llli~il ~II 136 lbs. 12 108 24 56 -4 lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs To acid phosphate plot_ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot Average increase 'with kainit Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: 56 lbs. From use of 200 pounds kainit 96 lbs. -From use of 100 pounds kainit 56 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal -- 48, bs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda 8 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by 170 Experiments in Clarke and Monroe Counties. GROVE HILL MONROEVILLE 0 N I O ) 3 Q Cg) 0 KIND OF 4' 914 FERTILIZFR P4J 0W c 0p. 1- c 4- ( 1 2 3 4 5 Lbs. 200 240 000 200 Lbs. Cotton seed meal-832 Acid phosphate --784 No fertilizer_ 576 Kainit 592 20 C. ea l 816 Lbs. 256 208 12 232 4 148 _8 232 288 328 Lbs. S 8.26 7.47 Lbs. 128 56 872 800 $ 2.63 0.78 74 0.87 712 5.531040 2.11 7.13 6.59 -70 220 230 52 88 4.48 5.00 5.72 0.79 2.21 f( 7 8 9 200 C. S. Meal___ 3 6i 200736 0 00 No fertiliz er - - - - - - - 592 240 200 200 240 200 Acid phosphate-Kainit__________ C. S. Meal___ Acid phosphate-Kainit__ -___ C. S. Meal-- 848 928 992 688 1088 0 6 904 896 10 11 200 240 10o 000 240 Acid phosphate Kainit___ No fertilizer--Acid phosphate-- 9.05 _720 912 148 1.13 12 100 Kainit_______- 912 224 4.48 968 248 5.53 100 Nitrate of soda-- MONROE COUNTY, 3 MILES SOUTHEAST OF MONROEVILLE. J. L. HOLLOWAY. Gray, sandy loam, with reddish subsoil. Boll weevils did some damage and so did drought. One hundred pounds of nitrate of soda applied at the early date. of June 7, was much more profitable than 200 pounds of cotton seed meal before planting, in spite of the fact that the weather was almost continuously dry from June 8, to about the middle of The largest profit, $5.72, acre, or 130 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained from.Plot 6, which received a mixture of 200 pounds of each cotton seed meal and kainit. The next largest profit, $5.53, or 103 per cent on the invest pr',r July. 171 ment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 12, where a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda was used. Phosphoric acid was helpful in some combinations, but most of the plots receiving it showed reduced yields. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot.- - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - -To acid phosphate plot ------------ ---- 128 lbsa. 164 lbs. - To kainit plot-- ------- - - -- ---- ---- --- - To acid phosphate and kainit plot --- ----------- 300 lbs.. 36 lbs. Avserage increase with co/ton seed meal----------Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: -__To unfertilized plot To meal plot------T o kainit plot-- - -- - -- - -- 157 lbs.. -_-_ --- _ cotton seed - - - --- -- To cotton seed meal and kainit plotacid phosphate 56 lbs.. 92 lbs.. 122 lbs. _-142 lbs -. Average increase with 32 lbs -70 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: lbs To plot ------------ -lbs. To cotton seed meal plot-------------------------------102 lbs. -To acid phosphate plot----------------- 132lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot unfertilized -4 Average increase with kainit -- - - - - -26 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer 36 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda_--_..____---------Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by 136 lbs. 100 lbs. WILCOX COUNTY, 34 MILE NORTHWEST OF Mc WILLIAMS. R. F. CHAPPELL. Gray, -sandy soil, with yellowish subsoil. The preceding crop was oats. The field had been many years in cultivation. The largest profit, $11.87, per acre, or 221 per cent on the investment in fertilizers, was obtained on Plot 12, which received complete fertilizer containing 100 pounds of nitrate of soda. The average increase, due to kainit, was 219 pounds of seed cotton, per acre; to cotton seed meal, 141 pounds; and, to acid phosphate, only 35 pounds. Evidently kainit was by far the most important constituent, a but nitrogen was also needed. This year acid phosphate was not 172 profitable on this soil. However, on soils like this, it is probably advisable to include acid phosphate when the boll weevil is present, because of the tendency of acid phosphate to hasten maturity. In the presence of the boll weevil it may also be advisable here to reduce the amount of kainit below 200 pounds, though the latter amount, in a season when boll weevil did no damage, afforded a better yield and more profit than did 100 pounds of kainit per acre. Nitrate of soda, applied June 9, was much more effective than cotton seed meal containing the same quantity of nitrogen and applied before planting was done. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot__ -104 lbs. To acid phosphate plot_ -120 -.. To kainit plot ........... To acid phosphate and kainit plot A'verage increase 'with cotton seed meal To unfertilized plot . ----- lbs. 216 lbs. 124 lbs. -- 141 lbs. 16 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To cotton seed meal plot To kainit plot_ -- 32 lbs. 92 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average increase 'with acid phosphate.. . -- 00 lbs. 35 lbs. lbs. 264 lbs. 228 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot --152 . -. To cotton seed meal plot - - - -- - -. .To acid phosphate plot --- _. . To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot . Average increase 'with kainit 232 lbs. 219 lbs. increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit ---232 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit - 132 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer... Increase from use of nitrate of soda Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by ------------- 124 lbs. 248 lbs. 124 lbs. 173 Experiments in Wilcox and Butler Counties. MCWILLIAMS GREENVILLE Z KIND OF°N c FERTILIZER W q 0. N n Lbs. 928 N S~a 1 2 3 Lbs. 000 1- 200 Cotton seed meal-_ 240 Acid phosphate___ No fertilizer-.__ 4 , 7 8 9 10 11 200 Kainit._________ 200 C. S. Meal-608 240 Acid phosphate-0 C.a 8. Meal___ 1~ 0 .S.il 848 000 No fertilizer_ _ -488 240 Acid phosphate 7 200 Kainit---------200 C. . Meal -----240 Acid phosphate 896 200 Kainit-__-______ } } Lbs. 560 472 456 616 Lbs. 104 $ 1.58 16-0.98 152 136 Lbs. 448 $16.71 1.30 5.29 808 328 48046 552 66 960 468 12.75 1.50 15.91 200 IKainit_-___._-_-- - ---- 368 36 11.79 7.66 672 4 174 212 240 3.26 504 244 368 720 752 6.25 4.48 10.11 6.41 200 C. S. M~eal,______ 240 Acid phosphate 100 Kainit __ _ 000 No fertilizer---- -240 Acid phosphate-100 Kainit_____ 100 Nitrate of soda-_ 816 568 960 268 840 324 8 88 -520 392 118 832 312 8.35 BUTLER COUNTY, 7 MILES NORTHEAST OF GREENVILLE. E. L. GRAYDON. Gray, sandy .loam, wit/h stiffer subsoil. This land had been in cultivation about 80 years. The preceding crop was corn. The largest increase, 468 pounds per acre, was afforded by Plot 5, fertilized with cotton. seed meal and acid phosphate. Theprofit on this plot was $15.91 per acre, or 300 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, which is a better return than by the plots receiving complete fertilizers. It is believed afforded those- that Plot 1, and probably Plot 2, were somewhat richer than were. the other plots. 174 Apparently both nitrogen and phosphate were needed on soil, but potash was unprofitable. this Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot__ __ __ __ __ __ __ 448 lbs. To T okainit plot acid phosphate plot - ------ - - - - - - -- - - - - - 1.4 0lbs. - - - - - - - - - - - - - To acid phosphate and kainit plot - -------- -_ A'verage increase 'with cotton seed meal --------- ~tt lbs. 181 108 lbs. 28 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot -_-___________ 328-lbs To cotton seed meal plot-- -- --- 20 lbs. To kainit plot --------------- 146 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot --- --66 lbs. Average increase 'with acid phosphate- 140 lbs. 66 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot. _________-To cotton seed meal plot -------- -274 -- 116 - lbs. lbs. To acid phosphate plot .______________ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot-Avserage increase 'with kainit_ -_ -228 lbs. _-__-_ -- 138 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer --- 28 lbs. 16 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of better by Cotton seed meal Cotton seed soda--------------------- - - - --- - - - - - - - - - meal better than nitrate of soda by 12 lbs 12 lbs. ESCAMBIA COUNTY, 4 MILES NORTHEAST OF ATMORE. I. JORDAN. Reddish, sandy loam, with stiffer red subsoil. The field had been in cultivation about 20 years. The preceding crop was oats. Weevils did no damage. The largest increase, 376 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was -obtained from the use of a complete fertilizer on Plot 9. The largest profit, however, $11.35 per acre, or 369 per. cent on the investment in fertilizer, was afforded by Plot 8. The second largest profit, $10.81, or 201 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was given by Plot 12, fertilized. with a complete fer" tilizer containing nitrate of soda. The average increase due to kainit in all combinations was 270 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 46 pounds of 175 seed cotton per acre; and, to cotton seed meal, 58 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Two hundred pounds of kainit was much more effective than 100 pounds; this was true under conditions where the boll weevil did no damage. Studies of the effect of kainit in delaying maturity lead us to believe that in future, with the probability of more severe infestation, it would be advisable to reduce the amount of kainit to 100 pounds per acre and use it as a part of a complete fertilizer such as the one on Plot 10. Nitrate of soda, applied June 1 (on cotton planted April 28), was more effective by 80 pounds of seed cotton per acre than was double its weight of cotton seed meal. Note the better results from early application of nitrate of soda in this experiment than from the late application in the experiment of Mr. Covington in Choctaw county, page 165. .Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot-To acid phosphate plot ..__80 To kainit plot To acid phosphate and kainit plot________48 A'verage increase 'with cotton seed meal .Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot- . . . To cotton seed meal plot 72 lbs. lbs. 32 lbs. lbs. 58 lbs. -- 4- lbs 8 -- 40 lbs. To kainit plot _ To cotton seed meal and kainit plotAverage increase -...... - - - 128 lbs. 144 lbs. 46 lbs. with acid phosphate Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot_ To cotton seed meal plot -160 To acid phosphate plot _ 200 lbs. lbs -_- - To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot Average increase with kainit_ - - - 376 lbs. 344 lbs. 270 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 200 pounds of kainit 344 lbs. 256 lbs. To use of 100 pounds kainit Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer--48 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda .128 lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by .80 lbs. -- - 176 Experiments in Escanbia County. ATMORE ATM O R BREWTON a o o z 1 KIND OF Y Q o FERTILIZER ~e Lbs. Lbs. 552 72 $ 0.17 342 -48-3.79 480_544 720 200 7.4 592 32-3.27 832 ,cn Lbs. 744 Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal-- Lbs. 200 2 3 4 5 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 6 7 8 9 10. 11 12' 000 240 200 200 240 200 200 20 100 0 00 240 100 Acid phosphate---No fertilizer_______ Kainit C. S.Meal Acid phosphate- S C. S. Meal Kainit M eal No fertilizer------Acid phosphate-I C. S. Meal.______ Acid phosphate Kainit______ __ C. S.Meal______ Acid phosphate Kainit______ __ N o fe rtiliz er - - - - - - IAcid phosphate_ $ _- 5.80 792 624 880 720 248 68 312 140 9.23 1.59, 9.05 832_ ----640 928 936 808 480 4 848 232 5.81 -328 376 288 6 368 592 616 864 800 1 .76 -0.88 8.22 7.25 Kainit 11.35 10.46 50 325 287 7.29 10.81 48 6 560 74 -2.12 Kainit 100 Nitrate of soda ESCAMBlA COUNTY, 1 MILE SOUTH SILAS MADDOX: OF BREWTON. Gray, sanay loam, with stiffer yellowish subsoil. The stand was good. Boll weevils were destructive; the damage amounting, in Mr. Maddox's opinion, to about one-third of theexpected crop. The largest increase, 325 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was, obtained on Plot 9, with a complete fertilizer; and the second largest increase, 312 pounds, was on Plot 5, fertilized with onlycotton seed meal and acid phosphate. The largest profits were on Plot 5, $9.05, a profit of 194 per cent on the investment in fertilizers, and $9.23, or 550 cent on the, investment in fertilizer, on Plot 2, fertilized only with acid phos- per phate. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 143- 177, pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 132 pounds Feracre; and there was an average loss of 44 pounds of seed cotton per acre attributable to the use of 200 pounds of kainit in all its combinations. Nitrate of soda appeared to make a notahle reduction in theyield, probably because applied late it delayed maturity, and thus afforded most favorable conditions for injury by the weevil. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot---_ -------To phosphate plot ---------------- ---------- To kainit plot- - - - - - - To acid phosphate and kainit plot-Average - - - - - - - 200 lbs. 64 lbs 72 lbs.. 275 lbs. 153 lbs. increase with cotton seed meal -- increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot----------248 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot ---- - -- 112 lbs To kainit plot----------- - - - - - - -- -18 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot ----- 185 lbs - A'verage increase with acid phosphate Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot ---- 132 lbs. 68 lbs.. -60 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot --------To acid phosphate plot-------- --To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot Average increase with 198 lbs.. 13 lbs. kainit -- ----- -44 lbs . Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer ---------Increase from the use of nitrate of soda --Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by ------- .275 lbs. 62 lbs._ 213 lbs. COVINGTON COUNTY, 1 MILE NORTHEAST ANDALUSIA. W. N. RUJSHTON OF Grey sandy soil, with yellowish subsoil. The precedingThis field had been cleared about 12 years. crop was cotton, which had been preceded by corn crops. The largest increase, 764 pounds of se~ed cotton per acre, was afforded by Plot 9, which received a complete 'fertilizer containingacre. This plot also afforded the largest 200 pounds of kainit profit from the use of fertilizers, namely, $27.54 per acre, which is 453 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. pt r 178 All the plots receiving any kind of complete fertilizer afforded increases of more than 450 pounds of seed cotton per acre, and profits ranging between $14.68 and $27.54 per acre. The second largest profit, $21.30, which was the highest percentage of profit on the investment in fertilizers, was obtained on Plot 4, which was fertilized with only 200 pounds of kainit per acre. A reduction of the amount of kainit to 100 pounds per acre reduced the yield .considerably. Kainit was by far the most important fertilizer constituent. The average increase attributable to 200 pounds of kainit was 510 pounds of seed cotton. Phosphate in most combinations was also profitable, especially in the complete fertilizer. The average increase in all combinations was 103 pounds attributable to acid phosphate. Nitrogen was also profitable. The ave rage increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 90 pounds of seed cotton, but in the complete fertilizer 200 pounds of cotton seed meal seems to have produced an increase of 350 pounds of seed cotton. Cotton seed meal at the rate of 200 pounds per acre was slightly :more profitable than 100 pounds nitrate of soda applied Juhe 15. Boll weevils arrived too late to damage the crop. When they are present in destructive numbers, as they will probably be in future years, farmers should be cautious to apply no more kainit than is needed. Excessive amounts of kainit exert a retarding effect on the cotton plant and hence make it more liable to weevil injury. Similarly a larger proportion of acid phosphate should be employed in fertilizer formulas on this soil when the boll weevil is present in numbers than is suggested by the results of some of these tests. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot -_ 120 lbs. To acid phosphate plot To kainit plot -... -. -56 72 lbs. lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plotAvnerage increase with cotton seed meal - 350 lbs. 90 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: -64 To unfertilized plot To cotton seed meal plot To kainit plot ---- lbs. 256 lbs. 102 lbs. 179 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot 192 lbs. Average increase 'witi acid phosphate_ increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: _ _ To unfertilized plot__ To cotton seed meal plot-----To acid phosphate plot-__ _ _ 103 lbs. 516 lbs. 692 lbs. - ----- l____________bs. 628 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot-Average increase 'with kainit- _ - ------ --- 547 lbs Increase of seed cotton per acre' from use of different quantities of kainit- 628 lbs. To use of 200 pounds kainit----362 lbs. To use of 100 pounds kainit lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer308 lbs. .Increase from use of nitrate of soda___________ 42 lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by .50 Experiments in Covington and Geneva Counties. ANDALUSIA OF HARTFORD 4jKIND C- o - 4on 8 . Lbs. 392 472 ~z 1 2 2 FERTILIZER o 8'Lbs. 200 240 - 0 ' t Lbs. Cotton seed meal Acid 3 4 "5 000 240 No fertilizer Acid phosphate-- 280 464 Lbs. -120 64 $-8.28 1.14 Lbs. 24 $-1.°4 2.90 104 200 Kiainit 200 C. S. Meal_._ -----al---- -__. 400 952 516 21.30 368 568 176 6.34 phosphate S 68-3 1080 572 414 130 20.77 15.14 76 664 - 52 224 376 108 5.46 200 7 240 200 Kainit 000 No fertilizer.-___ Acid C. S. I'ainit phosphate-Meal---- 544 976 -464 - 5--1344 832 '13.46 12.05 200 '9 240" Acid phosphate- 764 10 11 200 Kainit _-_-_S - 27.54 16.53 860 412 10200 C. S. Meal--240 Acid phosphate 100 Kainit. No 5 20Acidfertilizer---phosphate100 Kainit __ -_- )__ 1096 616 498 720 280 6.94 000 432 -_432---- 12 1072 456 14.68 760 328 9.05 100 Nitrate of soda- 180 GENEVA COUNTY, 3% MILES WEST OF HARTFORD. G. E. GRANTHAM. Gray sandy loam with yellowish clay subsoil. This land has been cleared about 23 years. The original forest trees were oak and long leaf pine. The stand was good on all plots. The largest increase in yield, 412 pounds of seed cotton per acre at a profit of $12.50 per acre, or 198 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 9, where an application of a com-, plete fertilizer, containing cotton seed meal, acid phosphate, and The largest profit, $13.46 per 200 pounds of kainit was applied. acre, or 437 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 8, where acid phosphate and kainit were used. The average increase of seed cotton per acre attributable to cotton seed meal was 89 pounds; to acid phosphate 205; and to kainit 177. Nitrate of soda applied June 10, about five weeks after planting, gave an increase of 48 pounds of seed cotton per acre more than did cotton seed applied before planting. In both 1912 and 1913, complete fertilizers were profitable on this soil; the largest increase in seed cotton per acre was obtained on 'Plot 9, from this combination. It will be noted that a slightly larger profit in 1913, was obtained from a combination of acid phosphate and kainit, but the writers believe that an application of a complete fertilizer in most years will prove advisable. An average of the results in 1912 and 1913 gives a profit greater by $6.07 per acre for the complete fertilizers than with the mixture of acid phophate and kainit. In both years 100 pounds of kainit per acre in a complete fertilizer did not afford a sufficient amount of potash. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: T o unfertilized plot- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -To acid phosphate plot -248 To kainit plot --- -- 24 lbs. lbs. 48 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot -- -------- - -- 36 lbs. Average increase 'vith cotton seed meal -------------------Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate added: To unfertilized plot_ _ --------- 89 lbs. 104 lbs. 181 cotton seed meal plot-------------------------------328 To kainit plot---------------------------------------200 To cotton seed meal and kainit plo----------------------188 To lbs. lbs. lbs. A 'verage increase 'with acid phosphate - --- - - 205 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot---- -- -- To cotton seed meal plot To acid phosphate plo ----------Average increase -with kainit-- -- 176 lbs. 200 lbs. 272 lbs. - --------- 'To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot----------------60 lbs. 177 lbs Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 200 pounds kainit - -60 lbs. To use of 100 pounds kainit -- - -72 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer-------36 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda---84 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by--------------48 lbs. PIKE COUNTY, 6 MILES SOUTH OF TROY. N. T. GIBSON. Light colored sandy soil, with yellowish subsoil. The stand was uniform. No damage was reported as being done by either disease or insects. This very poor upland had been long in cultivation and recent cropping has been cotton con- tinuously. The largest profit, $12.58, or 286 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 6, where a mixture of cotton seed Profits of $11.52 and $10.81 per acre meal and kainit was used. were obtained on Plots 9 and 10, respectively, where complete fertilizers were used. The axverage increase due to cotton seed meal was 274 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to' acid phosphate, 132 pounds per acre; and to kainit, 87 pounds per acre. It is evident that the most important fertilizing element needed by this soil was nitrogen. Cotton seed meal when applied before planting at the rate of 200 pounds per acre was more effective than was nitrate of soda applied when the plants were from six to eight inches high. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotten seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot To acid phosphate plot T o kainit --- -- - - - - - - - - - - _.-- plot - - - - - - - - - - --- --- - - - - - - --------------- --- t: 264 lbs. 284 lbs. 228 lbs. 182 To acid phosphate and kainit plot--------------------Anverage increase with cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot-To cotton seed meal plot -_-_____ T o kainit plot-- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- To cotton seed meal and kainit plot -__________ Average increase with acid phosphate T o unfertilized plot-- 320 lbs274 lbs 64 lbs.. _ 84 lbs.. _ -78 lbs.. --7 _ 14' lbs. 24 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: _ __ __ _ __ _ __ 158 lbs.. 122 lbs. To acid phosphate _ 16 lbs.. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot-------52 lbs. Average increase kainit-- - --- --- - - - -87 lbs.. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 200 pounds kainit---To use of 100 pounds kainit --20 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer 320 lbs. _ __ _ _ wsith To cotton seed mealplot - - - - - - - - ----------------plot__ --------52lbs.. - Increase from use of nitrate of soda_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _192lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by _ _ TROY 0 a 128 lbs. Experiments in Pike and Dale Counties. OZARK 0 0 N KIND OF FERTILIZER Z w 0 % U 0 "~ a, 0b c 36 chi -+ N N C3 j^, 1 2 Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate__ 000 No fertilizer 200 5 Kainit Lbs. 488 288 224 376 Lbs. 264 64 158 $ 8.62 1.14 5.55 Lbs. 132 100 64 168' Lbs. 68 $-0.01 106 4 3 -0.10-3.26. ------ 200 CS. Meal 24cdphosphate --S - 560 59 348 386 10.63 12.58 224 224 164 166 2.54 6 200 C. S. Meal - __ S200 Kainit_______.. 7 L 2.9a656 8.971.7 0 8 000 240 No fertilizer------Acid 8 200 9 240 200 200 10 240 100 000 240 100 200 Kainit_80 phosphate- 20056^-----------5 280 80 _ 0.4_22_29_656 11.52 10.81 .4 27 21 C. S. Meal-___ A-cid phosphate-Kainit________) C. S. Meal-___ Acid 600 _ 400 368 392 208 342 161 11 12 1 100 Kainit No fertilizer------Acid Kainit---------__ Nitrate of soda-- phosphate-. ----------) phosphate-. 568 200--------- - ------ 44 240 _______ 440, __ 5.18 316 272 ____ 6.59, 183 DALE COUNTY, 2 MILE SOUTH OF OZARK. BYRD. J. W. Gray sandy soil, with yellowih sandy subsoil. This land has been cleared for many years. The preceding crop was cotton, which was preceded by peanuts. A complete fertilizer was needed. The largest profit from fertilizers, $8.97 or 147 per cent on the investment, was made on Plot 9, which received a complete fertilizer containing 200 pounds of kainit. The average increase attributable to 200 pounds of kainit in its various combinations was 141 pounds of seed cotton; to acid phosphate, 105 pounds; and to cotton seed meal, 95 pounds. In the complete fertilizer kainit and phosphate were of about equal importance, and cotton seed meal almost equally effective. Nitrate of soda applied at the rate of 100 pounds per acre June 30 (six weeks after planting), was decidedly more effective than 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting. Two hundred pounds of kainit was morb effective than 100 pounds. This is the third year in succession that Mr. Byrd has made this experiment on the same character of soil. The following table shows increase attributable to cotton seed meal, acid phosphate and potash, each in four different combinations. Fertilizer1911 1912 1913 Av. 3 yr.s 200 lbs. cotton seed meal 222 240 lbs. acid phosphate---------------- 141 200 lbs. kainit----------------------- 254 200 lbs. cotton seed meal better than 100 280 148 180 95 105 141 199 131 192 -13 lbs. of nitrate of soda by -41 32 -111 The results of the three years teach practically the same lessons, namely. (1). A complete fertilizer is needed on this soil. (2). In all three years in a complete fertilizer, 200 pounds of kainit has been slightly more profitable than 100 pounds. (This does not necessarily mean that the same result will obtain in thefuture in the presence of the boll weevil in destructive numbers.) 184 chacrease of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: Taunfertilized plot -----------To acid phosphate plot------------------------------"To kainit plot---------- 68 lbs. 128 lbs. 60 lbs. 123 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.Average ------ increase with cotton seed meal 95 lbs. 36 lbs. 96 lbs. increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot----- ----To cotton seed meal plot ---,To kainit plot--- - - - - - ---To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Avzerage.increase 'with acid phosphate--- 113 lbs. 176 lbs. 105 lbs. -- lncrease of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot _- 106 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot To acid phosphate plot ----------------- 98 lbs. ---- - - -- 183 lbs. - -- --- -178 141 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plotAverage increase lbs. lbs. -withkainit---- - ----------- lbs. lb~. Increase of seed cotton, per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 230 pounds kainit --------------- 178 3 To use of 100 pounds kainit--------------- Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer--- 123 lbs. increase from the use of nitrate of soda .Nitrate of. soda better than cotton seed meal b -_-__ -234 lbs. 111 lbs.. 185 HOUSTON,COUNTY, 2 MILES SOUTHEAST OF DOTHAN. D. M. HATCHER. Gray, sandy loam, with Yellowish, stiffer subso:'l. The land on which this experiment was made has been cleared -about twelve years. The original forest trees were long-leaf pine. The land is reported as being subject to cotton wilt, but none was found this year. The preceding crops were oats in 1912, cotton in 1911, and corn and velvet beans in 1910. The largest increase due to fertilizer, 568 pounds of seed cot-ton per acre, and the largest profit due to fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 9, fertilized with200 pounds cotton seed meal, 240 pounds acid phosphate, and 200 pounds kainit. This fertilizer afforded a profit of $18.91 per acre, or 311 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. Kainit was the most effective constituent. The average increase due to kainit in four different combinations was 379 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 101 pounds per acre; and to cotton seed meal, 132 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed meal was more effective than nitrate of soda, the date of the application of the latter not being recorded. Mr. Hatcher states that there was more injury from disease on Plot 12, fertilized with nitrate than on any other plot, and that the stands were poor. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot --To acid phosphate plot _ . ... ..... . To kainit plot To acid phosphate and kainit plot_ Average increase with cotton seed meal To To To To unfertilized cotton seed kainit plot cotton seed plot -meal plot-----. - - - - - - -. meal and kainit plot _132 24 lbs. 168 lbs. 136 lbs. 246 lbs. lbs lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: .- - - -. . . . .... . - .- 88 280 8 52 - SAverage increase with acid phosphate .. 101 lbs. 186 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot -- ---380 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot---540 lbs. To acid phosphate plot--------------------------------284 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot-312 lbs. --- Average increase 'wish kainit ---------------------------- 379 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 200 pounds kainit _-312 -lbs. To use of 100 pounds kainit___ -__ 228 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer Increase from use of nitrate of soda .Cotton - --- - -_ 246 lbs. 154 lbs. seed meal better than nitrate of soda by 92 lbs. Experiments in Houston and Crenshaw Counties. DOTHAN.LUVERNE N ~ k ~ 0 1 Q a .' 40 N z a ~.~" ,.,, 6. KIND OF FERTILIZER ~ I 8 o .c ~ Lbs. 520 632 1 2 Lbs 200 240 Cotton seed meal Acid phosphate-- Lbs. -24 88 $-4.06 2.19 Lbs. 336 288 Lbs. 128 80 $ 2.63 1.84- 3 4 5S 5240 000 No fertilizer--------544 200 Kai nit------------ 896 200 C. S. 744 - ---380 256 516 Acid phosphate- Meal. --- 15.32 6.58 18.30 13.29 208____ 312. 66 440 156 384 344 62 14 1.50, 2.18, -1.67' 6 7 8 S200 Kainit-___000 No fertilizer-__-_482---------------360 200 C. S. Meal 240 Acid ---976 824 9 f5 200 240 200 S200 240 100 11 Kainit__-___ phosphate - 372 -2.46, 200 C. S. 10 Acid phosphate -_Kainit-_--_-_ C. S. Meal -- -_ Acid phosphate Kainit--___ -___ Meal--__ 1040 976 512 904 568 18.91 520 488 220 218 3.604.21. -4.48. 4841 15.92 000 No fertilizer 100Kaiit-----10 Ntrate -------392 11.87 20------0_cdphsht464 224 12 12 of soda-- 187 CRENSHAW COUNTY, 1 MILE EAST OF LUVERNE. F. L. HAWKINS. Light colored sandy loam, with stiffer red subsoil. This land had been long in cultivation. The original forest trees were long-leaf pine. Cotton had been the preceding crop for at least three years. The stand was uniform. The largest profit, $4.48, or 83 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained from Plot 12, where the fertilizer consisted of 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. A profit of $4.21 was made by the complete fertilizer used on Plot 10, and containing only a half dose of kainit. The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 102 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 54 pounds. An average of all the plots receiving kainit gave no material gain; but in a complete fertilizer kainit, especially, at the rate of 100 pounds per acre, was profitable. Nitrate of soda, applied in a complete fertilizer on June 28, was of about equal value to cotton seed meal applied in a complete fertilizer before planting. An experiment was conducted by Mr. Hawkins in 1912 on similar land and, as in this year, the largest profit was obtained from an application of a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda on Plot 12. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot -----------128 lbs. _----------_---. 76 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ---.---------- 4 lbs. To kainit plot ----------------------------To acid phosphate and kainit plot ------------------------ 206 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal --------------------Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot__ -------------------------------To cotton seed meal plot -----------------------------------------------------------------To kainit plot_ To cotton seed meal and kainit plot 102 lbs. 80 lbs. 28 lbs. 52 lbs. 158 lbs. --- -------------- Average increase with acidphosphate-- 54 lbs. 188 'Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot________.._.._ -66 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot-------------------------------66 lbs. To acid phosphate plot_________________-------------66 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate 64 lbs. Average increase with kainit_____________--------------- -- 1lb. Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: To use of 200 pounds kainit-64 lbs. To use of 100 pounds kainit-----------------------------62 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer 206 lbs. -- - Increase from use of nitrate of soda__________212lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by 6 lbs. CHOCTAW COUNTY, 6 MILES EAST OF WEST BUTLER. R. F. SPARROW. Sandy loam soil. The extremely dry summer, the presence of boll weevils, and the late date of planting, May 9th, greatly reduced the yield and obscured the results due to fertilizers. However, the average figures show that nitrogen was the most effective constituent of the fertilizer under these conditions. The plot affording the largest profit, $2.98 per acre, or 100 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was Plot 1, followed, closely by Plot 10, fertilized with 200 pounds cotton seed meal, 240 pounds acid phosphate, and 100 pounds kainit. The latter fertilizer is probably more advisable years than is the fertilizer used on Plot 1. in ordinary 189 Experiment in Choctaw County. BUTLER 4 5) O 0 o p 4_ KIND OF FERTILIZER 4-4co N ° ak 1 Lbs. 200 240 000 Lbs. Cotton seed meal--Acid No fertilizer-312 Lbs. 136 $ 2.98 2 3 272 96 -- 2.54 -- ----------- 176 - 4 5 200 200 Kainit C. S. Meal----- 216 3 _ 30 -0.08_____ 240 6 200 200 Acid phosphate--}------------C. S. Meal______ Kainit-- 7 8 9 10 000 240 200 200 240 200 No fertilizer ------------Acid phosphate24 Kainit I____,(---C. S. Meal__ Acid phosphate__ Kainit----------_ ----} - -- _ ___- 328, 216 122 24 -0.97 - -2.02 352 424 24 120 184 -0.80 2.72 -- 200 240 100 000 11 12 C. S. Meal.- Acid phosphate-Acid phosphate Kainit Kainit-___-)__ No fertilizer--------_ __-_ - 2 240 1 To 100 ---------- ------------- - 400 152 1.31 100 Nitrate of soda - Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: unfertilized plot - - - - - - - - - - --- --- - -- ._ 136 lbs. To acid phosphate T o kainit plot ---------- ---plot-- - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 52 lbs. 92 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot--------------------- ---_-_____ _____- 96 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal _________------------------------ 94 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To unfertilized plot ------------------------------------- added: 96 lbs. - To cotton seed meal To kainit plot_-- plot ---------------------------- To cotton seed meal and kainit plot----------------------A'verage increase 'with acid phosphate------------ -28 lbs. 25 lbs. 30 lbs. -14 -72 lbs. lbs. -6 lbs. 12 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot._-___-------------------------- To cotton seed meal plot ------------------------------- -- To acid phosphate plot------------------------- 190 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot Average increase wvith - - -28 lbs. kainit ----------------------------- Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer ___64 Increase from use of nitrate of soda _ Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by_ - 21 lhs. 6 lbs. lbs. 32 lbs. INCONCLUSIVE EXPERIMENTS. In GREENE COUNTY, W. L. and R. C. Lett, one mile east of Eutaw, conducted an experiment on Orangeburg sandy loam, with a red clay subsoil. The results were inconclusive because of the extremely dry year. However, they suggest that, in this dry year, kainit was the only fertilizer that was even fairly effective. (See page 191). In WILCOX COUNTY, G. M. Cook, seven miles west of Camden, conductThe ed an experiment on gray loam soil, with light-colored stiffer subsoil. results were inconclusive because of the extremely dry season. (See page 191). In CHOCTAW COUNTY, I mile east of Silas, W. G. Edgar conducted an experiment on a gray, sandy loam soil, with reddish, stiffer subsoil. The results were inconclusive because of injury by boll weevil and excessive dry weather during the growing season, (See page 191). In PERRY COUNTY, Mr. G. W. Thomas, two miles south of Marion, conducted an experiment on reddish loam soil, with yellowish clay subsoil. This proved inconclusive on account of extremely dry weather in summer. (See page 191). In COFFEE COUNTY, an experiment by O. C. Smith at Elba, proved ipMitchell at conclusive because of damage done by cotton wilt. (See page 191). M. In RUSSELL COUNTY, an experiment conducted by R. Hooks, proved inconclusive because of poor stand and injury by cotton wilt. (See page 191). In MARENGO COUNTY, 3 miles north of Linden, an experiment conducted by W. W. Jackson proved inconclusive because of want of uniformity in the yields of the unfertilized plots. (See page 192). In ELMORE COUNTY, 3 miles east of Eclectic, W. A. Patterson conducted a test which proved inconclusive on account of difference in fertility between the different plots. (See table, page 192). In ELMORE COUNTY, Mitchell Pittman made an experiment on poor gray, sandy soil, with yellow subsoil, located 4 miles north of Tallassee. The results were inconclusive on account of irregular stands and other conditions. (See table, page 192). in CONECUH COUNTY, near Evergreen, an experiment was conducted by J. J. Braxton. It proved inconclusive because of lack of uniformity in the soil, and mistakes in rate of applying fertilizer. (See page 192). In HENRY COUNTY, 11/3 miles northwest of Headland, an experiment con- ducted by C. F. Wilkerson proved inconclusive because of damage due to a hailstorm. Yields in this test can be found on page 192. Inconclusive Experiments in Greene, Wilcox, Choctaw, Perry, Coffee and Russell Counties. EUTAW 1 I I CAMDEN 1 SILAS II MARION ELBA II I HOO KS B Id Q s-. KIND OF B V)C ..C C C) B O ) c c3 -. -0. B -, 0 B ~AMDD B QC) c of ' :NN o roa NN . BVCV C)Csr QC) 0 C) BC)I >75- C) FERTILIZER V C)N . O)~ C) 00 N j- CBC H -B C)C C) C).- 1 2 3 4 7 9 10 11 Lbs. 200 240 000 200 5 200. S240 6 200 200 000 Cotton seed meal Acid phosphate No fertilizer---C. S. Meal -__ Acid ___ Lbs. 670 440 644 728 572 676 736 740 704 616 664 624 I I Lbs. 26 -4 61 -118 -37 22 4 -66 Lbs. 3B 624 544 448 400 520 560 480 456 712 480 696 Lbs. 176 96 -56 56 phosphate-C. S. Meal Kainit- -- - -1 No fertilizer---Acid phosphateKainit-___-_} C. S. Lbs. 416 496 328 400 384 416 Lbs. 88 168 74 60 94 90 Lbs. 224 384 320 288 352 528 528 384 384 Lbs. -96 64 -84 -72 52 Lbs. 112 96 96 104 216 Lbs. 16 00 4 112 44 20 Lbs. 1080 1024 960 Lbs. 200 144 90 1120 1056 840 1104 11232 1192 912 '260 206 246 k 1 -72 320 416 152 __ _ 112 -132 136 -120 84 240 200 1 12~ 1 Acid phosphate200 Kainit-- - _ 240 C. S. Meal___ Acid phosphate- 100 Kainit___000 No fertilizer--__ 240 Acid phosphate100 Kainit-- _--_ 100 Nitrate of soda-J Meal ___- 1241 I400 162 416 344 56 I I 456 1. 68 78 232 1 112 224 128 100 [ 356 298 576 352 -40 II 752 112 -128 288 160 1840 828 N 4 C Inconclusive Experiments in Marengo, Elmore, Conecuh and Henry Counties LINDEN ECLECTIC TALLASSEE HEADLAND ' O ' O 8KIND 00 4 OF FERTILIZER r f ar 7 - -oe Oar -g 4) o 4_ > 4 1 2 3 Lbs. 200 240 000 Cotton seed meal Acid phosphate____ No fertilizer-- Lbs. 592 448 240" Lbs. 352 208 140 152 100 Lbs. Lbs. 912 448 928 464 4_____ - Lbs. 368 496 3_ 320 Lbs. 16 144 -36 Lbs. 216 150 80 88 Lbs. 136 70 2 4 5 6 200 200 240 200 200 Kainit----------C. S. Meal__- Acid phosphate-C. S. MealW-----Kainit_________ No fertilizer----- 480 592 6 640 752 192 1104 1 448 384 24 184 92 640 f 8{ -9 000 240 200 2400 200 Acid phosphateKainit_____ 20 .S. Meal--AciniphosphateC. S. ---848 ___ 368 104 640 752 720 304 672 __ 84 280 332 1120 1120 1056 736 300 328 292 352 336 384 240 448 __-__-__ 16 32 112 ____ 208 288 288 88 240 108 10 240 10 100 Acid phosphateKainit-----No fertilizer Acid Meal 192, 196 152 __- 12 12 100 100 11 000 240 -----phosphate- ---432 Kainit------- Nitrate of soda 368 __-__-__ 1168 208