HIG H LIGHTS
of agricultural research
VOL. 16, NO. 1 SPRING 1969
Agricultural Experiment Station
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
-r
DIRECTOR'S COMMENTS
(II x i litii \XI I'i I. I t x I I l 1 [ u t I \\[" K
I1 liii xxiiil i\\ii ii i ll iii x l \111 .~ V lii .1
a\\iiii it i I ( x 1it x l i ix I ixiii kii \ix t-, fit tIc Iiii, ( ,,;
1 I w\i x I I, till it x c i. " I k11! i 1 xt" i i iii I111( Il lil ii'ij i
I ixt I tll. Ii lii t111 11111 1 Iw o le Iic o o la lil x of i h tl l, 1111 I\ xt xi
diol i d Imi it I, tw ii -c-l Iii .1411 u i a ei o- of l i l ex i il lii
ii l tll fill w 1 x~iIi ii ii tl, ii li i1111d ) tiii ii lo cixt l didii
c liti iti lix lix \ o ixo 
Iix \lxi ll l/xliIc il i l it\ 
xx l xIiix (
dilliio 11 \\ i ll x till e xx i 
c liii it i - ofi xiu 11 Fii l .il 
S ith i
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T ) I]i ! ,I I it, 'I'l fi \tI i I x Ii i li t I , Iii 11 1 i .x itm x l xxii i II lixc iiid
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1  
111)111 i l I xx l ll xl ii i
hilt' I )Ie~ , a' fkI(., d c r i _ ' ' (I)-'dec fl ldlW f Ill
Croing Vege(. tabl lic l ats ine Tranpiniab )(lllli Pts'I 3'l
Si1age Copi dtin andI lt Anil( Performance', 5tl o ~ flol
Scrub11(ik Hardwool ((clpd Conro.i Rundw Wodits DI7;ci il
H )Ir f AI cui tur I 1 a 11 1 11 i1 li ~ Economicsilt 1
ime olIi f Plantingt CrownveI II I tch In Alb m 1 2 (II IIII-I (o o
Index I' II, to ice PbIse in Higlht 196 15 IIIo_
EuIona Pln of Far Yout 6I;I I I
SPRING 1969 VOL 16, NO
A oIlili - ki x i-poriiii I ii -l .11 p] 1i 1ixi~
iiiN XIi If(, Aii iclixt of iil x i"\ iiiill i t ) X l iiiii
BI. I. Hiivsixi
I iix I. S\ix
B . ( li I
Xxxiiiiati I.i ct
Xxixtliii Jii itili
Xxxuxi.Nl/l 1)jii i/il
I' iiti i
Xxxsoiii lc Ii/ii
XxxSix/iiii/ i//il
'iii ii//iiiii I iiiii,s , I/ Co l iit f:. I ).x
lI i( nlIi I.I)ti Is I I I ,i XxP I u/ 1111111o i l
COVER PHOTO. This bed with wooden
framne for plastic cover, heated by light
bulbs, is suited for early spring plant grow-
ig.
I I ixicp 11i of i. I t1 I II(
ili lc off ),ilt_' I I lii he iii I( lwii of iii
Deli litiill0 tof ) iii
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iciii iiw N51 
C. " I.
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I'i lu 1i/I/ iiot N a w((n n
it i / lli I l ii i li lllllx-" Iill(il\(o (1
HIGLIGHTIS of
Growu ing Vegetables in Tranuspla ntable Pots
C 11 1 1 ilx i I i xllii )litii ill i filix
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I i ii lx, x I I f 11 ) i) i .l I N ta I Ii xIi f I I I )\(
SAM T. JONES, Depalrment of Horticulture
I i Is 2i I Ix o'k' Noif- w I I. III N i ll x i*' 1.
I ) fA N It'I;, I I x Iii xt I IiI rit x eIi x IIt I I tI Ih
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tha 'lxii t'Ip m io_
NITROGEN SOURCES for
Coasta Bermuagras
E.M.EV NS Dpt f grnoy ndSal
A ,. , (), , .. ,, I,, it poli fi lio c p \ d d
M.~ EVANS WilIW . Tie i of llt Ag oi ciji So il d ois
d lic i Nhil liii Nil 111,1i x silii i itIii2isI iilxjij
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liiiiliill. t ill hi'x ,jliiti p r i t' t hei !ix 11 jlic o li uid x lix xtjt tu
i V ix ii N63 (11 it xx( iitil ili Co stliti l o[ ~xt1 i iii t N iii
talIk x,m l oam iti ilxi]. I il \iii xx i iiit ijititlix ,ix'l'iil
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Iwlilti\ ( \ wlt I ill( I cic \\ it, calcillawd Im '11141 it( the \ icId (), tll(. I]()-I)iti w_'cll plot I Twit that ()I if)(' to caWd plot, tild ( It\ idill'-. b\
ill,, wid (d Hoc '(did '1111111(mitilli Ilitnitc plod it thc .illw r1tv )f llitlo'"'cil.
It,( M (1\ \NI, (10,1111ilIE'd b.\ 'Ilbtra( till.-! Ilptako. 11 t1w I](,-] litrw-'('] I JAI 111)[11 tll tt (III 11w ticlic(I plot mid (k idill'-, lv\ (lit I.It'.
[ppil, I,
4
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\\I) Hi(,,\im ()I \Ixi\ ,i \Ito\. N63-65
R. R. HARRIS tand W. B. ANTHONY, Dept. of Animal Science
JK. BOSECK, Tenntessee Valley Substationt
3 11. X i [' [ ii 0 \ii ii Ii pridici ('lill iiX X Xl' it'i i iiaii l'liX)]
parhl XI',ii t Iitti ti(~ti l il~e lol jt'tX i i~\( 4.88
ll! I ,I i it(t I IX IIiiii t I i tttIi\ I i wk I I (I i II T I IXX mi l dt
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:(I I ,t. XII - ilil N JN aXXIIc X fli dii %k t St Itl-, of XItI , 95 tt
tii1 Fito 2.1 (of82
tiChaacteizin 2(1.2 28.2
\\('I(' (.1l't~ l/ d h t 1l~ icl 65 38.8
p igll kI'ciillu (1 ud aid %\a Shel1d So .26111 wi
UI )l ii/ K (lit r it .Xk kc iti. 4.25 til 131
SILAGE COMPOSITION
and
ANIMAL PERFORMANCE
.' t~ ,
~X
'I
ill the
1  
coii 11 I li it. iI i 1licit till XX ilX I t111 i lf rl 111tt 1liiil 1"4 111
pltilt il.
it soi it itI ll t Ilt' stlk a iiIo'te.im ' It\ ii~t
tki.11 the.
1  
lit i ii () 111 I I T.I. XX Itik ils' 1).( I (Ii Itt Iill I \ tX~t
tXXX It Xiiid to i t](il XX ll1 i it
1
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wi I )I i t -I .11 IIuI -tit 1 X I . I ii X iI'I I I til XX 1' 2 i 14 1,
Xit 1. it ilii I .11 i ti - o h~ 1' 57ii. I. itill XII! 1111 i d c i ii ii1111w
liiXlts IX l ftit (i'lil X \its i l~ I. F . iti l Iielti till XIII 41111111
Promising NEW HERBICIDES
for WEED CONTROL
In CORN
GAL.E A BUCHANAN
D,,pa itin,", of Agrouuoniry ouid Soils
C H I i xi x1 i \\I I (I) I lum fll (,1 iii 11 lix1,
)c ii fj Ii It c ~ ii a ll i ii iiipt(d li i( i ll it i
ill 1 iii xiii Iiiii if tiii~ 11 xiiii (1,1icii
ti i l iii 1 11 ltiii 1111 i xx l fil fiii fl t iM ()i
x i llu iiIcs i i i lot I\ c l cIixii iio
xiii ll 1i i ii ,iti Iit xii IM l ili ii 1()\
ilii i 11 co l ill x xli iii iii a li iii c ii (Iii , k4xi
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h ill \t Xii up t i l I oM _- .11t ii t. o w
6j il (m l h it o l \ i l f a l il
'~. Si)
This is the difference that may be expected in a carn crap when chemical weed control
measures are applied. Plot on left was not treated and plot on right was treated.
at i i l l it illi Ii i i TI I i I ic I)t' i t tij '\I ,
I i I I I ( ixd~ . \\ e , ii I I 1 )i,) i, I I i' xl(, I ii
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ii
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itho t iii liiliiii i ii if xiw~ l hidc l ii
C1o ul lh l~( [of. ixl (o I ,,.lllcl
N), ] IN \1 \ VoIi1 \ I)
IVi
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2),1
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172
i'I
721
liii
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212
5511
i'xil
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Ti is
i7 s
ill
I xiii i ) 2o x i i l \\fi Ii,, I \ ( i li xxiii (A'-50tt 1 I \ I t i \\I,
ti I11 11ii1ii
I. tper Coastixal 'luuin -I 1967
(Il i I t ----
Al Iu.'ii il96
( I 
: 5 iii 
I
(Ill(k--
(:P-50t t I
(AI .ttiI I
( ]i' t it I
Ii ( ii ii
V N'
17T
1714
1 J 1i
fit iiiiti
Ii i
Ti it
It it17t
M/OST VIRGIN FORESTS on the Upper
Coastal Plain of Alabama were domi-
nated by open stands of longleaf pines.
Loblolly and shortleaf pines were also
present but in smaller numbers. Beneath
the pines was an understory of scrub
oaks.
The virgin forest stands were cut for
sawlogs near the beginning of this cen-
tury and much of the land was con-
veted to agricultural uses. Areas on
steeper slopes were not cultivated but
became farm woodlots. Frequent cut-
ting of what was left of the better trees
contributed to the further deterioration
of these woodlots, and fires also pre-
vented natural regeneration of produc-
tive forest stands. As a result, woodlots
became scrub hardwood stands having
only occasional pine trees. Most of the
scrub oaks suffered fire damage and
consequently were infected with rotting
organisms.
A woodlot area typifying these condi-
tions was used as part of an experiment
to determine how rapidly such an area
can be rehabilitated into a productive
forest stand. Fires were kept out of all
plots and scrub hardwoods were con-
trolled on some of the plots to reduce
competition for pines that might become
established. The entire area was di-
vided into half-acre plots, and the ex-
isting forest cover was inventoried. Plots
having 50% or more pines were classi-
fied as pine stands; those with pines
constituting 25% to 50% of the inven-
tory were classified as mixed stands; and
those where pines constituted less than
25% of the inventory were classified as
scrub hardwood stands.
In each of the three types of forest
stands some 'plots were cleared of all
hardwoods. Fifteen years later, other
plots were cleared of hardwoods in the
4-in. and larger diameter class by apply-
ing silvicides in frills. In each case,
though hardwoods were effectively elim-
inated, they sprouted immediately. This
sprouting was more prolific where hard-
woods were cut than where silvicides
were used. The inventory shown in the
second part of the table was made 25
years after the experiment was begun.
On plots not subjected to hardwood con-
trol, very little change took place with
respect to hardwoods. 
Mortality and in-
growth of hardwoods were balanced.
Where hardwoods were cut they had
made some comeback after 25 years,
but this comeback was progressively
smaller as the pine component of the
original stand increased. Ten years after
scrub hardwoods were killed with silvi-
cides they had not reestablished them-
selves to any degree.
On plots originally classified as pine
stands, pines showed a considerable in-
crease in 25 years. This was equally true
for the plots where hardwoods were not
treated and the plots that were treated
15 years later. Clearing hardwoods at
the beginning of the experiment resulted
in the largest 25-year gain for pines.
On plots with mixed stands at the be-
ginning of the experiment, only a mod-
erate increase in the pine component
EFFECT OF HARDWOOD TREATMENTS ON STAND COMPOSITION OF A RUNDOWN
WOODLOT ON THE UPPER COASTAL PLAIN OF ALABAMA
Initial Initial Hardwood, Longleaf Loblolly 
and Scrub
stand hardwood treatment 15 pine other pines 
hardwoods
type treatment years later Trees B.A. Trees B.A. Trees B.A.
No. Sq. ft. No. Sq. ft. No. Sq. ft.
Initial Stand Inventory
Pine ........................... 19 8.4 5 2.0 48 10.6
M ixed ...................-..... 18 9.6 2 0.8 89 21.5
Scrub H rdw ..............-............. 5 2.4 0.2 110 26.6
Stand Inventory 25 years later
Pine None None_ ------- 45 25.5 20 6.5 42 9.7
Pine Hrdw. cut None -- 80 39.2 6 1.6 7 0.7
Pine None Silvicide .....-------47 25.2 19 3.0 6 0.8
Mixed None None --------- 30 15.4 9 1.4 90 16.9
Mixed Hrdw. cut None --------- 48 18.8 35 12.4 27 2.8
Mixed None Silvicide - 46 28.3 33 7.2 12 1.0
Scrub Hrdw. None None----------17 8.2 12 2.3 130 24.0
Scrub Hrdw. Hrdw. cut None- - 19 5.1 6 1.4 52 5.8
Scrub Hrdw. None Silvicide ............. 22 6.7 28 5.3 6 0.8
occurred where hardwoods were not con-
trolled. Cutting and treating hardwoods
with silvicides resulted in sufficient in-
crease in pines so that mixed stands
would become pine stands. Loblolly
pine made the most substantial gains in
response to elimination of fires and con-
trol of hardwoods.
On scrub hardwood plots not sub-
jected to hardwood control, pines gained
ground in spite of hardwood competi-
tion. The resulting new stands would
now be classified as mixed stands. This
indicates there was slow progress toward
the virgin stand condition. Elimina-
tion of fires, alone, was apparently a
factor in changing the stand composi-
tion. On plots where hardwoods were
cut, pines made sufficient gains to change
former scrub hardwood stands to pine
stands. However, the pine stands were
very lightly stocked. Scrub hardwood
on these plots showed considerable
comeback. Also, on plots where hard-
woods were controlled with silvicides,
pines made considerable gains but hard-
wood made only sufficient recovery in
10 years to account for a small part of
the new stand.
In summary, in a rundown woodlot
dominated by scrub hardwoods on the
Upper Coastal Plain of Alabama, effec-
tive control was accomplished by killing
the scrub hardwoods with silvicides.
Hardwoods were controlled less effec-
tively by cutting. All attempts to con-
trol scrub hardwoods resulted in the
conversion of mixed and scrub hardwood
stands to either pine stands or mixed
stands. Loblolly pine made the most
substantial gains, although it remained
second in numbers to longleaf pine.
Where hardwoods were not treated they
did not show a noticeable change in
numbers in 25 years, but they lost sub-
stantially in their position relative to
pines. This was due to the fact that
pines substantially increased, indicating
progress toward the virgin forest stand
conditions. This progress was slow, par-
ticularly where only a scattering of pines
existed in the predominantly scrub hard-
wood stands.
SCRUB HARDWOOD CONTROL
in RUNDOWN WOODLOTS
GEORGE 1. GARIN
Department of Forestry
1(1I l l \I I)I I Xli II \\ ill, , I 111 'X IX it
111 I 1 lit i I I I II i i t o I I )I1, IL t )11I1 I i
IX IX I illt 1111 11 X i i ( IX I I i i t iii of
I I I It iii I t1itI I 111 I121 I il I 1 111112 h I II
I ( to I XX iX I I I I I i T I I I XII itX X
lItII I ti X I I II Il I i I 111 I 11 til l Ii
I11 it 11,1 ill- ()I 1k.it 11 lw h it( t )i i i I ii iXX-
IX, it I X II II IIi I i h.1 I I I I I II i .1(
tII i111i I ii II I I I I t I II tIl XI II i fi 11
Ii t it X I I I11, I * t \ to1111I
to )I I I I i IX I I i XX I I i X -il XX I1 1 I i
I)1 I i t I I III m IX I I I I I i I I11 I I i 1 1
till iii 111 IX Iii I I II I I '1t IX o 111 I(l i
1111 t IX ii iit I Ii 1 i I Il 1 1 i 'I ii IX
I I I IX Ii i I 111 to I I Ii ,111
XXI~~i I Alli ii il li
i I t Il I il l i i i (III m ) 1 )12l td ()\,Ili(
' Id ilt(il i h\ 111wn ' ' I i i 12,l 'ii llw r
v Ii( I iXX I)i liti X I ii i \ ii i i
iXII_ \\ iiit ' I I IIO w I i llill'I ]Ill( I ii t
1(, \ l i tI II I I itil l XXI I()(.(l ii it
I III I -I I it IX I 11 1 1 i t lIi I l it
o 625 125 25 50 I00
I Trufiuralil (ppm.)I
FIG. 1. Effect of diffe rent concentrations
of trifluratin in soil on oxalic acid produc-
tion by Southern Blight fungus.
Soil II eriiiues Affect
Oxalic Acid Produiojn iim
R. RODRIGUEZ-KABANA o-1 E. A. CURL
Deporuielit of gololly afud Pltif Pothotogy
4r
8 2040 80
Afrazine tp pm)
FIG. 2 Effect of different concentrations
of otrozine in soil on oxalic acid production
by Southern Blight fungus.
-1 : )'I I ti I il i d S ill I XX I 'I IiiI I l IX)1
lit(I~ IIi' 11111 s Ii I iiit III
I1 1 I It tl 2,1 IXI Ii illI im I f I I )I .
tiI if 1 X 1( 1 1 1 11 1 it 1,1 t I I i I Il ( i
til Iii~i 11 I m I Ii II I II i t I I II
Iil I Ili i ill I \sp i i I(I i (i i I1 dI1I1 I
i II Ito '(,I I ( II1 I I 'II S \\i t i I II I ii tI t SI I I I I I ,I(
ilwil I Iit It tl. 11.11 iii I I i 1
11111~~~ mi22 1111 lIi t/l I 211
to1 )I t k n I .I i II II I II XX I IIX I m I i Ii
Il II o_111 lii I iIl i t I I I I t
il 11 I I Illt i 11 lii l iii I ii 
2
II
I XX I I1111 t I t to Ii I I I I 11111 1 1 11 1 1 11 t Ill
2 I t 0 1 is I i it II I II I t I ii i I(
lii III t (11 Iiii it ;Ill it I 'I( XX ti I
T I 1( 111 1 ii tIII I 
1  
Sit \Ilt ( 111 1 1( of i 11
k 121( i I I I I I I ii ii 'IX ( I 11 Ii I411 Ii( d i Iw
\i \ ii h ih iii ii I I Ii I n II I i I I i 111111 t 11 1
it I it( -i I t , t I I n I i 121I I t I Ii I _ I I % tI 1 111(
Acid Units
per 9p0m 9oi
Effect of chemical pinching is illustrated
here: left-extra branching of chemically 
Marked Growth Effects
pinched azalea (left) is contrasted with non-
pinched branch; right - chrysanthemum \t A'I)III (.1illici .pil~I- hiL if* T , 
I %_ i
sproyed with Offshoot-O 
(center) is compared 
wo(1ut\ )I
with hand pinched plant (left) and others i l i. ii.. . l~ u i
sproyed with Emgord 2077. ittilix Itlttxi. 
111 tx ilollit., fI)(- P N H N
,fi rixii J
xj I l il Ii i lx i I fi x t de( oI Ix ii lif, I I it-I
mi t I 1t ,1 i-If tl l it I , I~ t itt I it tilk t l l it
he11411 I i I\ (-( lit t a p litti f i (-x i i I
tt ix ttl loili it t ll('\ \\ i li t ii t i l 11
ittilx l ix luxk fl t til iid ()fxiitti
f t iii li iiii I(Lj of i ill ii1i i 2 i
Pill It I i I I t I II( lIxI I It I Ii ii Iii x I l
(t 11\ Iii 4 i/ t.
I I litit I ( 'lIt i t o ff it txiI Id
(. l i -)I I I icvi til i ll 1(i 1 if I )I it to i
x.( if ft i ~ ( ) I11 (LItiIIII III] itt ( i lit ) I i xxI \1 (xxI IIt
If Itt I xI t II IIo
iiiliilit Io til will 11111h1 iwsllt , \\ 
1 
i I It I IIT-
I Ir i lxi I i t I I IIII i ii i ir i l xx I i ll
lxx-, \i I I I (L. ,III ti i- (ij fx H
i p ,it I , iu I
ft1.1d I
O eiii '
S /If.. i iu 1 I t1 i
Viit itv
Ii, f 16)
1 f.
iii 1c 1(i 1 ) x ii f l \( I I i ()\ i I i )Ii I I x I t-ux ix111
lit] i lilt ml il i ' i iii i I 
11 
, f l i
Many Factors Affect Pinching
if t illit ii ut itult1lo 1lif x ~ l i
o if .1 I 
1 
u fi i f I ( xI i t _ " ( I t i ITt i -
1111111111 i iII() I ft ;Ii1 xI I x ii x I i t I lilt ; 1
x )I x li xT it x iIIi) I tx) i il Jx ixc xI I It
Sl ' Nto'it o.
fill, 1 /fill, /I
If k.m~ --]I1 .
( T
1 
, f IL( ('I tOd li\ ( ,l .11t
iii ii ix11 1111 it .11t 114l ii xiii ix
cowt (i ]il \ioTrt p i I( I d (; ) It- Ittt I (11i
TIME AND
LABOR
KENNETH C. SANDERSON ond
WILLIS C. MARTIN, JR.
Dept. of Hoticulturie
t-i i , Il (;ill( itdt I ) x lit s i l it x li ifoit
(t1 will ill il )Ii itt x l i itt il-'i *xx liI I I IT(
I jl ti xli t x I 1 11 i x I 11 If til ft Iii l
, 1i I, i Ix ii 1) 11 1 xx 1 t it I 
li xI if .i ii 11I
ft x 1 2 t I 1 5 1n
t I i i ti lt x ft till it it litI I (1ii Ii liii(,' ft
Il ot fI Ix d I xx l ih Ifl i T
III Ii i I xIf I I s. tI l i I fit I I i .i )I I I ( Ii ' Ii oi
fi tii 111m I I i Itc I I (i i t I I . \1 iIIt 1 .11 1i 1111
tilti
Temperature, Humidity Related to Allatoxin in Peanuts
URBAN L DIENER oid NORMAN U DAVSf1fcY , Po w pwil
iix ii ill ' " Ij F\ ilxld I I 111111"' -ti '
FI i x11(v lx Illi t \ I x I II I ill t I it ll\i- alit 'I II
\ (,- I l i Ii ii ii I i ' Ix i x Ii It .( Ill i I _
;I ,i .I I it it ] I )I(I(II ( 1 1 I j I(, I I til x I I is[ )l \ .
So1 oc iii ll llll\ lllllill 1 '11
I I I\ -Ix t il Is I II\ I ti I I ,II 1 Ii sul I I I I
t) iiw 1 ) \ ( I Ii 11 I I II I ,llllIF Ii v,
Ji I x i l (.l so lo,1 I i ( o 1 .1 1 t11 I slI
! i x I i , .(1 II -I,111 t(-it 1 )1 il \ (tu' Ill illi-
Iful Ill .x\ 111111 I l 11o i x i tll \ i zt I wti
1)11 t . _- ) () . 1 . to p lII \ I I
fItII \ i I /(/ Ii f i ill I I fx 3 I I ii Il
I1)1t1I1 lii i 11 f11( 111 I t o Ii t I t s(Ii' lI ( 11poo
Ill s I )I I I111 I I I )It) ill t i I 'I I Ii.
it ', I I IF t1 1()
l fix lit ill i I xl(- I( 11111 -I II I I i l t I I I 1 1
i l i lt I xI I )I t iiiit x \ itIw 1' i I \x I I Ic
I ji I I I I I no I I I I t I11 I , i i s ill
10 (IIIIst It II
sx IuiFF 'i I 1 iitxI I fIll I tx \Ii) - I
111111 ii ~ t f fill f I~i wk i Ilt Il ) I iii - I It
I Iiic k ,i ill k i i I l l iI (F, t ii( f )il
ii ixx II F 1111cd t i t I'ii k itodi x l ill itm F
Il t ws \it ) i 1111 (' i ll . t I w111iii ill
ii if sI II _ t l II I F )i f , If ill 
1
M i l i, l t t1 F I it 1 i', ( x tl 1111 'Il il
lo \( I ll ix i lix i Ill I' \\ is iii Fux k
F/ill (Ii Fi fill( ii t t lit (LioF i I F
11  
ii ix cli
F ~t, fl(ili k
1
le iiiF )Fi Ii I'F F hiI
I I( I it 50 1 i s I i x I 1 1 11 1 111
ii it i it i ' i ti fI I I t is I fIl I xIII li lt
1 1 ( , Ii ifIt ltlIl f I l),I IIIItl slIloill cd i i I IIw
Fhix i x li i~ I' t~ I I i I I li t ( i t\ i l(
Aspcrqlllus flaous mold devclopc on thcsI.
peanuts in 7 days in experimental chamber
maintained at 86 F. and 92.5 00 humidity.
//i I li io i 1111 iii' 1111 it I, (.11 il iF 1111 ix
* 111 i i lw(.j iiiF1tII I t xxil o l l i I iot 11
1(i i l ol (d Ill(fl tii x if I flitd . I 111
Fill it11 1 it iwi ft i I fitx1 111111 fdit a d s'( lo -
i i as ill illI lIi F 11111 xxi 1
f' il li i d i i ( huh tolIxti Iii F ii x
11111 iii t lotI F Il i 11 tii*wl I l ,1 f ii id
ill xIl~Ih i Flx\~ ilop r illi l 1(Il~xxll h
pv ill F il lo d p o (sillixI iF
lsI\ i l(\ F w llli I II 11 P] \ I I ,
13 lix I FliillliiFitx
xii I .31 uS
Il
t luto lilt lo
,,Il -, I0.
1)t 10 ill0
I, I .ItII(ii t't F I Iu IuI
m l I F I lIlt tti I 1
I t) 1 of
hI - tIllA
105 3
l I lIi F s I tI I I II III
I \ I I I . , d I I t I I I I I I ,
T E DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL
ECONOMICS, having its origin in 1928,
was not among the first to be organized
in the School of Agriculture and Agri-
cultural Experiment Station.
Prior to that time farm management
was taught in the Department of Agron-
omy and Soils for 1 year and in the De-
partment of Rural Organization and
Farm Management for 7 years. The de-
partment was organized initially with
two staff members who taught three
courses and conducted research. These
courses were Agricultural Economics,
Marketing and Rural Organization, and
Farm Management.
Agricultural economics in the United
States is a relatively young field of en-
deavor. It was not until the early 1900's
that attention was paid to farm manage-
ment and cost studies. In 1907 Congress
made a definite appropriation for work
in farm management. The bill carried
the phraseology: "To investigate and
encourage the adoption of appropriate
methods in farm management and prac-
tice." As a result of this appropriation,
the Office of Farm Management was set
up in the Bureau of Plant Industry. Re-
search in marketing had its beginning
somewhat later and was given a boost
by the Research and Marketing Act of
1946.
Teaching of courses in the Depart-
ment of Agricultural Economics at Au-
burn University in early years was pri-
marily as a service to other departments.
The curriculum first administered by the
department in 1931 was known as Agri-
cultural Administration. Reason for such
a curriculum in the School of Agricul-
ture was to provide broad basic training
for young men in basic agriculture, eco-
nomics, and business in addition to pro-
viding essentials in the sciences and
liberal and communicative arts. In 1966
the curriculum was revised and the name
was changed to Agricultural Business
and Economics. The growing demand
for young men trained in agribusiness
and economics was recognized. Approxi-
mately 80 undergraduate students are
now enrolled in this curriculum.
The first Agricultural Economics De-
partmnent Head in 1928 was J. D. Pope.
Research work on three projects was
conducted in fiscal year 1928-29. These
concerned relationship of quality of cot-
ton to prices paid farmers, economic
study of poultry in Marshall County,
Alabama, and an economic study of
farm organization in southeast Alabama
with special reference to hog production.
The cotton study pointed up wide
variations in prices paid for cotton. For
example, on October 6, 1926, for 25
bales of middling 
7
/8-in. cotton sold in
six different towns in Alabama the price
varied from 8.250 to 130 per lb. One
conclusion from the study was that con-
siderable opportunity existed for more
exact use of government grade and
staple standards in marketing cotton.
A study of farm organization on 97
Sand Mountain farms in Marshall and
DeKalb counties in 1929 had one of
its five practical recommendations as
follows: "Men with small businesses may
increase the size of their business profit-
ably by a good sideline in poultry."
Little did C. G. Garmon as principal
researcher on this study know of the
mammoth poultry industry that would
exist in the Sand Mountain Area of Ala-
bama in the 1960's.
Possibly one of the first agricultural
economics studies conducted in Alabama
that included some survey work was in
1924. This work was conducted by
J. D. Pope, Specialist in Farm Manage-
ment and Agricultural Economics. The
study concerned egg marketing in Ala-
bama. The fact that small egg producers
received the lowest prices for their eggs,
that grading of eggs was of little value
without consumer education, and that
producers who had established direct
marketing connections were ahead of
others was pointed out in the 1924 egg
study.
In 1935, Professor B. F. Alvord be-
came head of the department. From
1929 when he came to Auburn to 1935
he taught all agricultural economics
courses offered. With overall emphasis
on production research and teaching,
growth of the department was limited.
However, agriculture began to change
and agribusiness began to grow. Farm-
ing changed from a way of life to a
commercial business operation in which
most of the inputs come from off the
farm. Scientific and technological im-
provements were made and there was
a need to determine whether these im-
provements were economically feasible.
Consumer incomes increased and the re-
sult was increased demands for services
such as processing and packaging of
food and other products. So-called sur-
pluses developed and the need for em-
phasis on economic studies became ap-
parent.
In the late 1940's and early 1950's
emphasis shifted from production to
marketing research and considerable
growth in the department occurred. In
1950 there were nine full-time staff
members and a cooperative USDA em-
ployee. Reports were filed for 11 major
research projects, 9 of which concerned
marketing. Marketing research studies
concerned cooperatives, livestock, milk,
cotton, potatoes, eggs,, and new sweet-
potato products for food use. Staff mem-
bers in the department published 11 Sta-
tion bulletins, circulars, leaflets, or prog-
ress reports and contributed to the pub-
lication of two regional research reports
in 1950.
In 1956, B. T. Lanham, now Vice-
President for Research, became head of
the department and served as head un-
til July 1, 1964. On that date Dr. Lan-
ham became Associate Director of the
Agricultural Experiment Station and
Dr. J. H. Yeager was appointed head of
the department. In 1965 the'name of
the department was changed to Agri-
cultural Economics and Rural Sociology.
Presently there are two rural sociologists
on the staff. Two research projects are
classified primarily in the field of rural
sociology and five courses are offered in
rural sociology.
In addition to research and teaching
in the area of rural sociology, there are
23 formal active research projects in
production, resource, and consumer eco-
nomics as well as marketing. Ten of
these projects are being conducted as a
part of regional research endeavors.
Present professional staff of the depart-
ment includes 13 persons, 8 of whom
hold the Ph.D. degree.
11
A History of
Agricultural Economics
at Auburn University
J. H. YEAGER, Department of
Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology
~L1~
Time of P/an ting
Crowun retch in A laba ma
D. G. STURKIE, Dept, of Agronomy aLLd Soils
til X IL X I \L. I I . IIoXX IX\ 11(11 I (IIlILi/II I (I11 Off L
I IX II o1p XX tiX LoIrI cv IXIIILI III U11S) L t.111 LI ,X iti coi i tt lot111 1
XIII \\1 I .( I X 1111)\II tc IL ILL' II I I t I ILo ii L II 1111 S X I 111 r 11)111 II
I IIL Il I I I XXI ( tl I-o( I IX 1111 t~l IIi I) I)XI I s111.
till I I. I LX X( (I.\ 1 t1 lilt i ( o I IX IIc I I tIX I 111 XX LX I I 111 III iI
I I I L I I1, _' I II i ) I IXI()\I I 11 H I ~t I I X I 'll \\ I It 1. 1111 1 I
fiII I, S tI L it itI NI 2 First11 1 plat it 1 I i , \\1 1111 X iI'XIII 131111
'\ltil l, \ILLv Lit Nliiiil 111 ,ild iLX - Li t I' hlorcL l IILIILI I
Il l t \\1 r111, 11 I I I I L AIIII 11, 11 to " t I I it I II4I X I X-t o I I I I
I1 I II I L XI X I 1 1 \\I11 II N't 111(1 ITI T I biX Il iL i lI pIsL k
11114 11,111 I II (ILIX IT 1 om11 1 litIIIildI 1111 I 1 .11 i\il XI Ii
Iii I I \ X \ I (i . LII I I I1111 t- %c e 1 ite ip rxill Xte 1,11 X 11111111 N I IT
Ii 1)64 I 1\ I La itI Itil I 1 tIl 111141 I \I '! 1111,1 X (i I i~ w I f - -1
19 ;111 1 clilll l,, XLII 2) i.fll LII I XX IC I W111ill) II
t 1 tI I L t s IL I IX 11 I I 'I IT X illI L I 1 2-iI I. lit I II I pILLc I I I ' II
( ; I ) I I1 2 tILI I IX" II I LI I I'
LII i ftI I I i LX I I t I I I I LI I II1TI I I L I IX IL -II I I
XX' I IL 1 1
I II1II1 iLt I I f II LI I I 'I I II I II II L I I II I t I I I I I t t. I I
I I I II t II I t I L1f\11 I 111 I / I II I 'I 'Li 14 111 k I I I I L t I XXo
IX I t I I IX IX I Iit I I IX I tI I I I I LI I I I I It I i I k I till ( I I
4
I II
SI I tL 'IT XII I I I i It 11 I4ILL11I1S ILI I I LI 1 I L\ I it I I L IX I I I I I
IL 't I LI I I~ I I II 'I I I lL c L II %I L if I II t I L I 111 t I11I1to] I I)Ii
I tI I I X ' IL II1111 I LLllX i l I ,11 I
I )~ III lt I L I LX IX I II I Lt 1. 1 11 1L I t I ll L I )1111I I I h . l I
I(o T II (. ,11 XLII I 111 12 5 IL h. ILL' KI co i IL I2 11). i l X 111
(d 1 IX ll LIII 11f 1 pi 1111l'- a 1 1kiILI oLL of cILIIl IIIi1111L4L
I I I
1
1111 I I I I L I I I L I L I II I IL I t I I I I XX LX I I I I I I f
I I ~ I)L I L I I L I II I n L 1 1 I iI I X11 1 I d Il I I I X I I IXI
1I I I I I IX IX I I I I I I11 ti l' t11- 11f I) I I I I I IX I X Iif II IT
I )I t I 11 I ill I I I II II IX I il I II I i LXII I t I X I II I 1 1 I
I X I ILILIL I I LII IL tInI I L I I I I I ,IIII tI;II III
I11 I I I \II' L II I I LiL I I , I )( - I LX I' II I I I I i III' XIIX
I ' tiL I I I I ()I I TT (2 I 1 IX 1 1 j IL 1 Ill' 4Y X LII X I 'I I I I I LXI IL '1( d 1
I ill X )11 ))LlI tI LiL'(q 1 1 LI\L Lit tIL L I \ Ii 1 ) l ' i l
I 'Ik 11 1 - lah
tL II (1'
N 11111r
XLI I I1 I NILII L ,(I I I 211I
111111 III.- I 111,5
\ 11111/LI I4 111
1 6
II4
III 2.2
1.6)
.S:
2 0 
:
This stand of crownvctch, photographed June 1 1, 1966, at Adams-
yulle, Alabama, was from a planting made April 17, 1964.
11 illh (I t, 1w,[r 'l, J)'"'Ild'. 1() fil't da\ )I molith
T i i5l0) of \5 fethl Ir liot deep] f)1055 lill( dlld sobh
t'e prila , aNx till age treatmenIt h as b een Invest(xi gated fi 1)111
timne 1to tllie wxithl\illaix lug results. As inoderni mlachines are
dexveltopedl and ias fal-iiig teeililiqules iil)llrx e. lioss es ('
blasitc (lilt oral p)ractices Ilced to be emlliIiiallv re-exliateti.
Rleseairch flits shown that ('ottoll plaint roots ('allilot gi 05
wxell tihnonugli Very stronig soil lay eirs sl1ieh ats t raffie 'Solies 01
I lard pails. W\hen suc bar l a viNers exi st. rooting seemns to
he sexverely' restrieteti to the soil areat ahox e those laxvers.
Ifi a layer caln Ia.e broken ill, deeper irootinlg shiouild cl
This deepei root in g wou(ld 1 ean a gireateir ail )111t of soil
xwateir should he axvailahie to the( plaint, anic thle crIop wxoldh
b e m ore diot ith recsi stanit. I rriglatioi Is cold 1 alsI) I le scheduliied
fuirtiher apairt.
There is ailot I c pr oblei inioxolvxed, Ihoxxe . ELxperimIIen ts
hiaxve shlloI thlat c'lttoil roolts (10 lot Troxx xwelf ill at subhsoil,
e'vein if it is loose, ill 55ilich thle ceilIlieal eollditiolls are till-
faxvoraleit. S(o cheimIical probl)1ems may sto p rolot gr'owx'th
mollell tile samle ats I liglI Soil str en gth.
Thlree pirimary tillage tec('lipies xxecie studiedl inl tests at
Atihorii Unixversity. These xx 'e disk hlarroing l 4-(6 ill,
det'lp; chiselinig (lirectly liilidC thle rowx, i fielltl callled
-precisionl tillage";: anld 
deep tllrlling 12-14 ill. 
xx itliia 11101(1
b oad p
1
loxx. The tests xwere illnle ill at sand Icx ami soil Ihaxvinig
at coin pac'tt'( lax ci at at diepth (If' 5-6i ill.~ and( a subiso1 il JAI
oIf 5.0..
All tiaffic and hlarrowsing xwere kept tol at liiilinti oil thlt
dleef-plo\\e plot to pre~ecut so11iil rc llla(tioll. II ll 1(15illg
h erbicides aind for fil1 seedbhed prparatxon Iwhere deep'f
p
1
lowSillg resulIted l iii (11 cldd sli fce, Also, xwhee'l' triafflic xxas
ke(pt to the same idd(les xxhfeiee pxo''f ssibl t) o r1)die~f re- i
t'lilpaetionl, anid thle i'owsx xscre puit ill Ill', saili lle oatiolls
echi xyear,
To fiind if (feel) tlrii iiIg Ilr5 sibi)iliig wxas iiecessarv eachf
x ear, tests xx crc made hi xx hiell deep tillage treatmen ts sxCIe
uised ill(' first xyca' ol andc tile ploits xxcrc (fisk hlarrowedI'l
the follossing years. These ti latill(ilts aie (f(sigilit('(i.5
E'iFC OF I I''LLA(,E ON IEitLD OF1 SEiED CoilOIN
OIN A SAND~Y LOAxM Sol],
Tillage treatmiet
Yield of seedco lttoni
1965' 1966 1967 1968
Lb./A. Lb./A. Lb./A. Lb.1A.
Axv.'
lI)b./ i.
Disk harr ow Only' (T,) 2,463 1,7015 2,251I 1,019 1,658
mo1(1 lboardi plows (T21 1 2,8t)2 1,98:3 2,096 I,1t22 1,7:34
T reat. T, ill 1965,
II iarro(IV(( laotei '1 ,R ) 1,777 2,292 t 1 M5t0 1 7t0
Chisel It0 il., ((Itars -till 5
tip
1 
(' - 2,.51~5 1,846 2,191 1,201l 1,747
Tre-at. I, iii 19605,
laolliIwed lalter ('I R ) I,7:33 2, 2 60 1, 166 1,720
Subhsoil 18-201 iii., tilti\ ate,
p)lant ill (lilt' tripl ('14 2,322 1,858 2,4117 1, 160 1,812
Ilariwe I I iter 'lii) 1,74:3 2,329 1 ,0t37 1 ,70:3
C +~ '1, IT') 2,787 2,1:38 2,241 1,180 1,85:3
Tre'at. r iF, 1965,
harro Iwed latter ( T',R13 - 1,808 2,35t0 1,t099 1,.75.3
A\ vr,Lo(e __ __ - __ - 2:579- 1,84:3 2~,2701 1,115 1,74:3
DEEP TILLAGE
ow eaO& /94Od"Cki4#
JAMES G. HENDRICK and WILLIAM T. DUMAS, JR.
Department of Agricutural Enqgneerirna
T.- , T:J, jsx hll' 13. illtficates residuall effects of deep till-
age) etc., fill Ile tale.
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Burford Chinese holly plantings near Auburn showing weed infestation It before treatment
and weed control (R) obtained with ammonium sulfamaote.
Weed Control in Highway Plantings
of Woody Ornamentals
HARRISON BRYCE an~d HENRY P. ORR
Depctrtintte of Horticuture
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HIGHLIGHTS with this issue enters its
16th year of publication. It was estab-
lished in 1954 for the purpose of re-
porting results of research by the Agri-
cultural Experiment Station to Alabama
farm families, agriculturally based busi-
ness, and industry.
If you keep a file of Highlights, you
may obtain limited issues for the past
four or five years by writing the Station.
Listed below are the articles published
in last year's four issues.
Animal Science
USING HIGH MOISTURE CORN IN STEER
GROWING RATIONS-Harris, Boseck, An-
thony. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
EFFICIENT GROWTH MADE BY CALVES ON
RYE-RYEGRASS PASTURES-Harris, Bos e ck
and Anthony. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
LIQUID GOLD FEEDING SYSTEM-Anthony
and Cunningham. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
AUBURN'S SWINE EVALUATION PROGRAM
-Collins. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
PROTEIN LEVEL INDICATES NUTRITIVE
VALUE OF FORAGE-Anthony. Vol. 15, No.
4, 1968.
Dairy Science
DIRECT-CUT VS. WILTED SORGHUM-SUDAN
SILAGE FOR DAIRY Cows-Little, Rollins,
Hawkins, Smith, and Grimes. Vol. 15, No.
1, 1968.
MACHINE STRIPPING UNNECESSARY, CAN
BE ELIMINATED WITHOUT AFFECTING DAIRY
Cow PERFORMANCE-Little. Vol. 15, No.
2, 1968.
RAW MILK QUALITY AFFECTS PASTEURIZED
MILK- -Cannon and Roy. Vol. 15, No. 3,
1968.
Farm Economics
COMPUTERIZED RECORD SYSTEMS. WHAT
THEY ARE AND CAN Do-Miller and Yel-
len. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
FARM OPERATORS' POTENTIAL FOR
CHANGE IN OCCUPATION-INCOME-Hogsette
and Dunkelberger. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
IMPLICATION OF CHANGE IN AD VALOREM
TAXATION OF TIMBER-Hurst and Yeager.
Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
PRICE MAPPING DETERMINES GRAIN FOR
ECONOMICAL FEEDING-Hurst and Miller.
Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
Farm Machinery
PREDICTING MACHINE CAPACITY-Renoll.
Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Fertilization
SOURCES OF ZINC FOR PLANTS-Wear,
Hartzog, and Evans. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
INTERACTION OF NITROGEN AND BORON
FOR CoTON-Wear, Scarsbrook, and Lang-
ford. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
METHOD OF APPLICATION AND KINDS OF
FERTILIZERS FOR SWEETPOTATOES ON LIGHT
SANDY SoiLS-Johnson, Turner, and Carl-
ton. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
BROADCAST-DRILL - SIDEDRESS, WHICH
Is BEST FOR FERTILIZING COTTON?-Scars-
brooks and Evans. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Field Crops
MID-SUMMER ESTABLISHMENT OF COAST-
AL BERMUDAGRASS-King, Patterson, Brown,
and Langford. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
NEMATODE- RESISTANT S ERICEA-N ow
POSSIBLE-Donnelly and Minton. Vol. 15,
No. 2, 1968.
SUMMER VACATION NEEDED BY FESCUE-
Berry and Hoveland. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF
LADINO WHITE CLOVER IN THE BLACK BELT
-King, Smith, and Grimes. Vol. 15, No. 3,
1968.
MANAGEMENT AFFECTS YIELD AND QUAL-
rrITY OF YUCHI AEROWLEAF CLOVER-Hove-
land, Carden, Anthony, and Cunningham.
Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Fisheries
OVER A TON OF CHANNEL CATFISH PER
ACRE-Prather. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
Forestry
VARIATION OF WOOD CHARACTERISTICS
OF SWEETGUM-Hunter and Goggans. Vol.
15, No. 1, 1968.
TREE SEEDLING RESPONSES TO FERTILIZA-
TION BY SPECIES AND SLOPE-Whipple and
Moeck. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
FUSIFORM RUST IN SOUTHERN PINES-
Davis and Goggans. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
CONTROLLING HARDWOOD UNDERGROWTH
IN HILLY PINE FoREsT-Hodgkins and
Watson. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Fruits and Vegetables
TOMATO VARIETY STATUS-COOD BUT
GETTING BETTER-Greenleaf and Jones.
Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
PLUM STORAGE PROVED PRACTICAL-CAN
EXTEND MARKETING SEASON TO AVOID PRICE
DROP FROM OVER-SUPPLY-Norton. Vol.
15, No. 2, 1968.
ORGANIC MATERIAL AND IRRIGATION FOR
SWEETCORN ON LIGHT SANDY SOIL-John-
son and Turner. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
SOUTHLAND CANTALOUPE-AUBURN DE-
VELOPED VARIETY FITS SOUTHERN NEEDS
-Norton. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Insects and Controls
WHAT ATTRACTS BITING FLIES TO THEIR
HosTs?-Hays. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
ULTRA-Low VOLUME SPRAYS OFFER EF-
FECTIVE COTTON INSECT CONTROL-Gilli-
land. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
THE FALL WEBWORM-ARE INFESTA-
TIONS LIMITED BY NATURAL CONTROL?-
HYCHE. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
Index to Articles Published in
HIIGH-LIGH-TS of Agricultural Research
1968
15
Marketing
FRESH MILK SUBSTITUTES-ARE THEY
COMPETITIVE-Wilson. Vol. 
15, No. 2,
1968.
EFFECTS OF ADVERTISING PASTEURIZED-
REFRIGERATED PEACHES-Miller and Strain.
Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
MARKETING FACILITIES FOR ALABAMA
SOYBEANS-Hurst. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
Ornamental Horticulture
NATIVE PLANTS PROMISING FOR ROAD-
SIDE LANDSCAPING-Orr and Bryce. Vol. 15,
No. 3, 1968.
Poultry Science
DELAYING MATURITY IN BROILER BREED-
ERS-Howes and Cottier. 
Vol. 15, No. 1,
1968.
EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS FEEDING OF
AFLATOXIN TO CHICKENS-Cottier, Moore,
Diener, and Davis. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1968.
Plant Diseases
NEW FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROL OF PE-
CAN SCAB IN ALABAMA-Diener, Latham,
and Garrett. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
LEAF SCORCH-NEW OR OLD PEANUT
DISEASE?-Lyle and Subirats. Vol. 15, No.
2, 1968.
CULTURAL PRACTICES INFLUENCE PINE
FUNGs--Kelley and Curl. Vol. 15, No. 3,
1968.
Rural Sociology
JOB PLANS OF ALABAMA FARM YOUTH-
Dunkelberger, Driscoll and Thaxton. Vol.
15, No. 4, 1968.
RURAL PEOPLE AWARE OF MEDICARE
PROGRAM-Dunkelberger. Vol. 15, No. 4,
1968.
Soil and Water Pests
OVERWINTER SURVIVAL OF ROOT KNOT
NEMATODES-Cairns and Johnson. Vol. 15,
No. 1, 1968.
NEMATODES IN ALABAMA WATER RE-
SOURCEs-Cairns, Mercer, and Merritt. Vol.
15, No. 4, 1968.
Weed Control
PREPLANT HERBICIDES FOR SWEETPOTA-
TOES-Johnson, Amling, Turner, and Hol-
lingsworth. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
HERBICIDES FOR POSTEMERGENCE WEED
CONTROL IN SOYBEANS-Buchanan and
Thurlow. Vol. 15, No. 2, 1968.
CAN HERBICIDES BE USED SAFELY EVERY
YEAR?-Hiltbold and Buchanan. Vol. 15,
No. 3, 1968.
SICKLEPOD-SUCCESS STORY OF A WEED
-Creel, Hoveland, and Buchanan. Vol. 15,
No. 4, 1968.
Wildlife
SOIL FERTILITY AND COTTONTAIL RABBIT
LITTER SIZE-Hill. Vol. 15, No. 4, 1968.
Miscellaneous
TOURISM-RECREATION POTENTIAL IN FOUR
NORTHEASTERN ALABAMA COUNTIES-Dris-
coll. Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
AN ERA ENDS-KENNETH B. ROY-ORIG-
INATING EDITOR OF HIGHLIGHTS-JOINS RE-
TIRED RANKS-Stevenson. Vol. 15, No. 3,
1968.
A HISTORY OF BOTANY AND PLANT PATH-
OLOGY AT AUBURN UNIVERSITY-Lyle. Vol.
15, No. 4, 1968.
INDEX TO ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN HIGH-
LIGHTS OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, 1967.
Vol. 15, No. 1, 1968.
EDUCATIONAL PLANS
of FARM YOUTH
J E. DUNKELBERGER L. S. DRISCOLL, anid S, S. THAXTOFI
Departinettt at Agricultural Eroontrr attd Rural Socilogy
i \ I I Ii ,i I IItt I i it it it tlit
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lIi .I it I Iilo tit i t li l t li t t I I I
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1
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lit i I itl I Itx d I I ' Ii I\ I t I1it it iII,
Ii I(i -[ it .111 lw I t 1x t\ I ) t i Iii .it I ,'tt
A Study in Northeast Alabamao
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Desired Educational Goals
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Expected Educational Goals
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AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
AUBURN, ALABAMA 36830
E. V. Smith, Directo
PUBLICATION-H'ighlights of
Agricultural Research 2 69 1 OM
POSTAGE PAID
U.S. DEPARTMENT GF AGRICULTURE
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