Evaluatioll of Corn Hyhrids in Alahama, 1997 _n ~X .1. u--I CLlt uri I Experimcnt Sttrion 1 ~uncs E. Marion, Pihrc, to r Auburn ilcrVN A' TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION ....... ................................................ 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........ ....... ... .. ..... ........................ 2 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 1997 Corn Hybrid Tests ............ 3 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Northern Alabama, 1995-97 ....................................... 4 Table 3. 1997 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama .......................... 5 Table 4. White Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama, 1995-97 .................... 6 Table 5. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabama, 1995-97 ..................... 6 Table 6. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1997 ................................ 7 Table 7. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 1997 ....................................... 8 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 8. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Central Alabama, 1995-97 ........................................ 9 Table 9. 1997 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Central Alabama ............................. 9 Table 10. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama, 1995-97 ...................... 10 Table 11. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 1997 ................................. 10 BLACK BELT Table 12. Black Belt Corn Hybrid/Virus Test 1995-97 ........................... 11 SOUTH ALABAMA Table 13. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Southern Alabama, 1995-97 ................. ....................... 11 Table 14. 1997 Yield of Yellow Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama ........................... 12 Table 15. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 1995-97 ............ ............ ............. 13 Table 16. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Southern Alabama, 1995-97 ..................... 13 Table 17. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabama, 1997 ................................ 14 Table 18. Growing Season Rainfall, 1995-97 ................................. 15 Table 19. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 1997 ................................... 16 SOURCES OF 1997 CORN HYBRID TEST SEED .................................. 17 Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, gender, or national origin. EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRDS IN ALABAMA, 1997 KATHR YN M GLASS AND DAVID .L BRANSBY INTRODUCTION Selected varieties of corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central and southern regions of the State. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at three locations in the northern region, three locations in the central region and four locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. A white corn hybrid test is conducted at Crossville in northern Alabama. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at both Headland and Belle Mina. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. PROCEDURE All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Headland and Belle Mina are seeded at a rate to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 pounds) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. In 1997, the only incidence of disease noted was at Monroeville where buggy whip was prevalent in most varieties. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are "true" or "real" differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a "least significant difference" (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. Glass is a Research Assistant and Bransby is a Professor of Auburn Universit, Department of Agronomy and Soils. With this in mind it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSD's vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CV's of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the "risk level" of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 18) and soil types (Table 19) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation, summarization, and analysis of the data in this report. Appreciation is also expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris and Ellis Burgess, Tennessee Valley Substation; Tony Dawkins and Marvin Ruf, Sand Mountain Substation; Randall Rawls, Upper Coastal Plains Substation; Jimmy Holliman, Black Belt Substation; Don Moore, Prattville Experiment Field; James Bannon, Bobby Durbin and Steve Nightengale. E.V. Smith Research Center; Joe Little and Paul Rose, Lower Coastal Plain Substation; Randy Akridge, Brewton and Monroeville Experiment Fields; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Substation; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Substation. 2 TABLE 1. LOCATIONS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 1997 CORN HYBRID TESTS Planting Nitrogen Plant Date Herbicides Location date rate* population harvested ue NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Substation (Belle Mina) Regular test (unirrigated).........................March 26 Regular test (irrigated).........................March 25 Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) Early corn test................................April 3 Regular test..................................April 10 Preliminary test...............................April 3 White corn test................................April 10 Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield)................ May I CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) Early corn test ................................ March 27 Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) ........... March 20 Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) .................. March 17 Black Belt Substation (Marion Junction)................. March 24 Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden)................ April 7 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton)...................March 25 Monroeville Experiment Field (Monroeville)..............March 24 Wiregrass Substation (Headland) Regular test (unimgated) ........................ March 18 Regular test (irrigated) .......................... March 18 Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) Early corn test ................................ March 5 Regular test .................................. March 24 Preliminary test ................................ March 24 145 15 150 150 150 150 120 165 120 125 100 140 140 150 220 150 150 150 20,00 25,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 20,"000 20,00 20,1000 20,1000 20,1000 20,1000 20,00 20,000 25,00 20,00 20,)000 20,000 September 5 September 5 September 24 September 23 September 22 September 23 October 3 August 20 August 25 August 21 September 8 August 13 August 14 August 16 August 27 August 28 August 6 August 6 August 6 _ Bicep II Atrazine/Surpass Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Aatrex/Dual Atrazine/Dual/ Broadstrike Atrazine/Dual AtrazinefLasso None applied Atrazine/ Gramoxone None applied Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual *Pounds per acre N. Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. -- 2- -- Table 2. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Northern Alabama,** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. Brand Name-Hybrid 3-yr. 2-yr. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pioneer 3223.....................107 118 3.0 2.2 Pioneer 3167 *. .................. 106 117 2.7 1.5 Terra TR 1185................... 106 115 4.6 3.3 Hy Performer HY 9899V........... 104 112 4.2 3.3 Hy Performer HS9843 .............. 104 111 1.9 1.5 Terra TR702E.................... 104 115 3.3 2.2 Pioneer 3163 * .................. 101 110 4.1 2.5 Terra TR1167................... 100 110 2.1 1.5 Dekalb DK 683...................100 107 2.2 1.7 AgraTech 787 *.................. 100 109 2.3 1.8 Pioneer 3156.....................98 104 4.7 4.5 Funk's DG 5516. ................. 97 103 2.4 1.8 Dekalb DK706....................92 102 4.9 2.8 Pioneer 3260..................... - 105 - 1.8 Dekalb DK 687................... - 105 1.3 Funk's DG 5670. ................. - 104 4.0 ? Standard hybrids for comparison. ** Belle Mina, Crossville, and Winfield. Table 3. 1997 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama Brand Name-Hybrid 1997 Regional Averages Belle Mina Crossville Winfield Yield Lodged Test Mid- Husk** Harvest Per Acre Stalks Weight Silk Cover Moisture Bu. HyPerformer AP 9707 ..... 132 Pioneer 3167 * .......... 121 Funk's 5510A ............ 127 Terra TR 1185 ........... 125 Pioneer 3223 ............ 136 Funk's DG 5516 .......... 135 AgraTech 787 * ......... 131 Pioneer 32K61 ........... 144 Pioneer 3163 * .......... 121 Pioneer 3260 ............ 135 Hy Performer HY 9899V .. 130 Terra TR 1167 ........... 124 Terra TR702E ........... .125 Dekalb DK 687 .......... 125 Hy Performer HS9843 ..... 129 Terra E 1176 ............ 125 Dekalb DK 683 .......... 120 Funk's DG 5670 .......... 110 AgraTech ATX721 ....... 125 Dekalb DK 706 .......... 117 Pioneer 3156 ............ 111 Terra TR 1154 ........... . 121 Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Lb./Bu. Mo.-Da. Rating Pct. 129 124 121 122 119 122 129 126 126 118 117 127 125 130 130 114 123 115 128 113 103 116 112 124 1.7 56.4 7-9 124 123 1.0 58.8 7-10 119 122 1.0 55.3 7-10 119 122 2.3 57.3 7-10 109 121 2.3 58.3 7-8 103 120 1.3 56.7 7-9 98 119 0.7 57.8 7-11 88 119 1.7 60.1 7-8 98 115 2.0 57.1 7-8 90 114 1.3 59.2 7-9 95 114 1.7 57.1 7-9 90 113 0.7 57.1 7-9 87 112 2.0 57.0 7-10 79 111 1.0 58.0 7-9 73 111 1.3 57.0 7-9 93 111 2.0 57.6 7-9 86 110 1.0 57.4 7-8 99 108 2.0 57.3 7-10 63 105 2.0 55.2 7-9 85 105 2.3 57.6 7-9 97 104 3.3 57.7 7-9 71 103 0.7 56.4 7-8 2 16.6 2 18.5 3 17.6 2 17.9 2 16.3 2 17.0 2 16.6 2 17.1 3 16.2 3 17.8 2 17.9 2 17.1 2 18.0 2 17.2 2 16.8 3 16.5 2 17.7 2 18.3 3 15.5 2 17.0 2 17.7 2 16.4 Test Average ............ 125.8 121.5 94.5 L.S.D. (05) ............. 10.5 16.7 32.2 C.V (%) ................. 5.9 9.7 24.1 * Standard hybrids for comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. =_ _ Test I I1 Avrg .. . .. . . 12 . 121. 94. Table 4. White Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabamna,*** 1995-97 Brand Name-Hybrid Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 1997 Midsilk Test Husk** Harvest Weight Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. Pat. Pct. Pct. Mo./Da. Lb./Bu'. Rating Pct. Zimmerman Z62W......... 112 126 122 0.7 .1.0 1.0 7-13 56.8 2 16.5 Zimmerman Z64W.......... 111 116 118 1.7 1.5 2.0 7-14 56.4 2 17.8 Pioneer 3163 *............. - 137 121 - 2.0 3.0 7-12 56.2 2 16.3 Pioneer 3167,*............. - 132 123 - 0.5 1.0 7-15 58.2 2 18.8 AgraTech 787*............ - 131 126 - 1.0 1.0 7-15 56.5 2 17.2 ZimmxemanZ72W.......... - 113 111 - 1.0 2.0 7-16 58.1 2 18.2 Funk's 5798W.............. - - 101 - - 1.0 7-12 57.7 2 16.3 Funk's 5122W............. - - 100 - - 1.0 7-10 57.0 2 19.7 Test Average....... 115.2 L.S.D. (OS) ....... 22.4 C. V (V) . . . . .. . . .13.2 *Yellow Corn Check Hybrid. I* = Excellent; 5= Very Poor. ***Crossville. Table 5. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Northern Alabamna,*** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. 1997 Brand Namne-Hybri d 3-Yr. 2-Yr. 1997 3-Yr. 2-Yr. 1997 Midsilk Test Husk** Harvest 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Weight Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. PaL pca Pc!. Mo/V CL Lb./8u. Rating Pa! Funks 5 51OA ...................... 145 158 .148 1.7 2.5 4.0 7-9 556 2 165 AgraTech 787 *.................... 132 141 136 1.3 1.5 20 7-9 564 2 168 Pioneer 3245 * ....-... **'..1 129 136 135 1.7 25 4.0 7-5 57.8 2 15.4 Zimmnerman Z41.................... 125 131 134 07 1.0 20 7-6 55.5 2 15.4 Dekalb DK 626..................... - 148 151 - 3.5 60 7-6 546 2 140 Zimfrnerman Z37..................... - 139 136 - 1.5 3.0 7-10 57.1 2 16.8 Pioneer 3310.......................... 137 135 - 45 8.0 7-3 57.6 2 15.7 Dekalb DK 642..................... - 130 147 - 20 40 7-5 55.6 2 140 Terra TR1136...................... - - 142 - - 1.0 7-6 54.9 2 14.5 Zinmrnan Z39..................... - 141 - - 20 7-8 55.3 2 17.3 AgraTech ATX721.................. - . 136 - - 3.0 7-7 554 2 14.3 Terra TRl1106 ............ 134 - - 2.0 7-6 546 2 148 Dekalb DK618..................... - 119 - - 8.0 7-3 563 2 148 Test Average ........... 137.9 L.S.D. (05O ............. 163 C.V (0/) . .. .. 8.... . .. . 2 *Standard Mid to Late Season Hybrids. I* = Excellent, 5= Very Poor. SCrossville. 6 Table 6. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Crossville in Northern Alabama, 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Lodged Husk** Midsilk Test Harvest Per Acre Stalks Cover Weight Moisture Bu. Pct. Rating Mo. -Da. Lb./Bu. Pct. Funk's 5688 ............... 148 1.0 1 7-12 57.6 21.2 HyPerformer HY 9646 ..... 144 3.0 2 7-8 56.2 16.5 AgriPro AP 9909.......... 140 1.0 2 7-7 58.7 18.0 Pioneer 3245 *............ 140 2.0 2 7-5 58.4 16.7 Terra E 1186............. 139 3.0 2 7-8 58.1 18.0 AgraTech EX6714......... 138 0 2 7-6 56.6 15.9 Pioneer 3167 *............ 136 3.0 1 7-11 58.1 19.9 Mycogen 2815............ 135 1.0 2 7-6 56.5 15.6 Pioneer 3163 * ........... 127 6.0 2 7-6 56.3 15.3 AgraTech EX6890........ 116 4.0 2 7-9 56.9 19.3 Test Average ............. 136.2 L.S.D. (05)............... 25.8 C. (O)... ............... .13.1 * Standard Hybrids for Comparison. 1= Excellent; 5 = Very Poor. Table 7. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mma, Alabama, 1997*** Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Lodged Husk** Midsilk Test Harvest Per Acre Stalks Cover Weight Moisture Bu. Pct. Rating Mo. -Da. Lb./Bu. Pct. AgraTech ATX721............ 214 2.0 3 6-24 57.6 19.1 Pioneer 3245 *.............. 211 1.0 3 6-25 62.1 19.9 Pioneer 3260................ 211 1.0 3 6-27 61.3 20.6 Pioneer 3163 *.............. 211 3.0 3 6-26 59.9 19.4 Funk's 5510A................209 0 3 6-26 58.2 21.8 Pioneer 32K61............... 208 0 2 6-26 62.9 20.3 AgraTech 787 *............. 208 1.0 2 6-26 60.5 20.5 Dekalb DK 706.............. 203 0 2 6-26 61.0 21.5 Dekalb DK 687.............. 201 1.0 2 6-27 60.6 20.1 Terra TR 1154.............. 197 1.0 2 6-24 59.1 18.9 Funk's DG 5516............. 196 0 2 6-25 59.3 19.1 Pioneer 3223................ 196 2.0 2 6-27 60.1 20.6 Terra TR 1185.............. 195 2.0 2 6-26 59.7 22.1 Terra E 1176................ 194 2.0 3 6-24 61.1 20.5 HyPerformer AP 9707......... 193 2.0 2 6-26 59.6 19.8 Pioneer 3156.................192 3.0 2 6-25 60.1 21.4 Terra TR702E.............. 191 1.0 2 6-26 59.9 21.3 Pioneer 3394................ 191 2.0 3 6-24 60.4 18.7 Hy Performer HS9843 ......... 189 2.0 2 6-25 59.7 19.6 Dekalb DK 683.............. 189 1.0 2 6-27 60.1 19.7 Pioneer 3167 *.............. 187 1.0 2 6-27 60.1 23.3 Terra TR 1167.............. 182 0 2 6-24 59.6 19.0 Hy Performer HY 9899V...... 182 2.0 2 6-27 59.9 22.2 Funk's DG 5670............. 177 2.0 2 6-26 60.0 22.6 Test Average ............... 196.8 L.S.D. (05)................. 13.8 C.V. (%) ................... 5.0 ? Standard Hybrids for Comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. ***The test received approximately 4.75 inches of irrigation water in 6 applications in June and July. Table 8. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Central Alabama,** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. Brand Name-Hybrid 3-yr. 2-yr. 3-yr. 2-yr. Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pioneer 3167 * .................. 103 113 2.8 4.0 Terra TR702E ................... 101 111 1.8 2.8 Pioneer 3163 * ................. 97 108 5.3 7.5 Terra TR 1167 ................... 90 100 2.5 3.8 Terra TR 1185 ................... 89 94 6.7 9.8 Pioneer 3223 .................... 84 110 5.3 8.0 Hy Performer HS9843 .............. - 108 - 2.5 Pioneer 3260 .................... - 102 - 3.5 Funk's DG 5670 ................. - 91 - 10.8 AgraTech 888 .............. ....... - 90 - 4.3 * Standard hybrids for comparison. ** Prattville 1995, 1996 & 1997 3-yr averages. ** Camden 1994, 1996 & 1997 3-yr averages. Table 9. 1997 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Central Alabama 1997 Reginnal Average. Brand Name-Hybrid Prattville Camden Yield Lodged Test Mid- Husk** Harvest Per Acre Stalks Weight Silk Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Lb./Bu. Mo.-Da. Rating Pct. Pioneer 3167 * .............. . 153 85 119 2.5 57.5 6-21 1 16.7 Pioneer 3223 ................. 168 69 119 1.0 58.2 6-20 2 14.8 Pioneer 32K61 ............... . 149 86 117 0 60.5 6-21 2 14.8 Terra TR702E ............... . 140 86 113 3.0 56.2 6-21 2 16.2 Pioneer 3163 * ............... 154 69 111 0.5 57.4 6-20 2 15.4 Pioneer 3260 ................ . 154 65 110 1.5 58.4 6-20 2 15.2 Hy Performer HS9843 ......... .141 75 108 0.5 57.6 6-20 2 14.4 Terra TR 1185 ............... .137 61 99 2.0 53.0 6-20 2 15.9 Funk's DG 5516 .............. 142 50 96 1.5 57.7 6-20 2 15.2 Terra TR 1154 ............... 143 36 89 0.5 56.4 6-19 2 14.2 Terra TR 1167 ............... . 128 51 89 1.5 57.2 6-20 2 14.6 Funk's DG 5670 .............. 130 44 87 2.5 54.1 6-20 3 15.7 Terra E 1176 ................ 129 36 82 2.0 58.0 6-20 2 15.4 AgraTech 888 ............... 122 42 82 2.5 57.0 6-20 2 14.5 Test Average ................ 142.2 60.9 L.S.D. (05) ................. 23.6 30.0 C.V. (%) .................. 11.6 34.4 * Standard hybrids for comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. Table 10. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Central Alabama,** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks. Av. 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid 3-Yr. 2-Yr. 1997 3-Yr. 2-Yr. 1997 Midsilk Test Harvest 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Weight Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pct. Mo./Da. Lb./Bu. Pct. Pioneer 3394 ............... 118 140 184 0 0 0 6-11 58.7 9.0 Pioneer 3245 * ............. 115 140 189 0 0 0 6-15 60.1 11.8 AgraTech 787 * ............. 113 136 178 1.3 0 0 6-15 57.3 12.0 Funk's 5510A ............... 111 133 179 0.3 0.5 0 6-15 55.1 12.7 Zimmerman Z37 ............ - 141 180 - 0 0 6-14 58.1 10.7 Zimmerman Z41 ............ - 133 167 - 0.5 0 6-13 56.8 9.6 AgraTech ATX721 .......... - - 186 - - 0 6-14 55.6 10.2 Terra TR 1136 .............. - - 178 - - 0 6-14 55.3 10.8 Zimmerman Z39 ............ . - - 174 - - 0 6-15 55.2 10.7 Terra TR 1106 .............. . - - 173 - - 0 6-14 55.5 10.5 Test Average .............. 178.8 L.S.D. (05) ................ 15.3 C. V (% ) .................. 5.9 * Standard Mid to Late Season Hybrids. ** Shorter. Table 11. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Tallassee in Central Alabama, 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Lodged Husk** Midsilk Test Harvest Per Acre Stalks Cover Weight Moisture Bu. Pct. Rating Mo.-Da. Lb./Bu. Pct. Pioneer 3163 * .............. 240 0 4 6-14 58.1 19.1 Pioneer 3245 * ............ .. .. .. 228 0 2 6-14 60.7 17.8 HyPerformer HY 9646 ........ 220 0 2 6-14 56.5 19.1 Funk's 5688 ................ 216 0 2 6-16 58.3 22.0 AgriPro AP 990.9 ............ 209 1.0 3 6-13 58.0 20.2 Mycogen 2815 .............. 202 0 2 6-11 58.6 18.2 Terra E 1186 ............... . 201 1.0 2 6-13 60.1 19.3 Pioneer 3167 * .............. 194 0 1 6-16 58.8 21.6 AgraTech EX6890 ........... 174 0 1 6-15 57.8 22.1 AgraTech EX6714. .......... 150 0 1 6-14 58.3 18.0 Test Average ............... 203.2 L.S.D. (05) ............... ... 17.3 C.V (%) .................. 5.9 * Standard Hybrids for Comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. 10 Table 12. Black Belt Corn Hybrid/Virus Test, ** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 Midsilk Test Husk** Harvest 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Weight Cover Moisture Bu. Eu. Eu. Pct. Pct. Pct. Mo.-Da. Lb./Bu. Rating Pct. Pioneer 3163 *................. 119 145 127 0.3 0 0 6-19 53.0 14.4 Hy PerformerHY 9899V......... 116 130 113 1.3 1.5 1.0 6-20 55.8 15.0 Mycogen 8460 ................. 115 135 120 2.0 3.0 3.0 6-23 54.3 - 15.9 Dekalb DK 683 ................ 114 138 127 0.7 1.0 1.0 6-20 55.5 - 14.*6 Hy Performer HY 9919V......... 112 127 107 0.7 0.5 0 6-20 53.6 - 15.0 Pioneer 3167*.................. - 133 107 - 0.5 0 6-22 53.5 - 15.6 Dekalb DK 687................. - - 121 - - 0 6-20 55.7 - 15.3 Greenwood 830................. - - 118- - 0 6-25 55.1 - 16.6 AgraTech 787 *.................. - - 114- - 1.0 6-21 55.3 m 14.6 Terra E 1186........ ........... - - 113- - 1.0 6-17 56.5 - 15.2 Dekalb DK706................. - - 113- - 2.0 6-20 54.8 - 15.5 AgraTech 967..................- - 104- - 0 6-17 53.7 - 15.3 Greenwood 8 10..................- 96- - 1.0 6-25 58.3 - 16.7 TestAverage .......... 113.7 L. S.D. (0o5).......... 17.4 C. V (%)............................ 10.7 *Standard hybrids for comparison. *1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. SMarion Junction. Table 13. Two- and Three-Year Yield and Lodging Averages for Yellow Corn for Southern Alabarna,** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av'. Brand Name-Hybrid 3 -yr. 2-yr. 3-yr. 2-yr. 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pioneer 3223 .......................... Dekalb DK 683 ........................ Hy Performer HS9843 .................... Pioneer 3163 *.. *..................... Hy Performer HS 9944.................. Dekalb DK 706 ........................ Funk's DG 5516 ........................ AgraTech 888 ......................... Terra TR702E ......................... Hy Performer HY 9899V ................. Terra TR 1185 ......................... Pioneer 3167 *................................ Dekalb DK 687 ........................ Pioneer 3260 .......................... Funk's DG 5670....................... 132 128 127 127 122 122 121 119 117 116 115 114 143 138 135 142 134 132 132 126 128 124 123 125 145 140 122 4.1 4.1 4.3 5.9 5.2 4.9 2.7 4.7 3.6 7.6 7.7 6.2 1.1 0.9 0.3 1.8 1.3 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.8 3.0 3.7 1.3 0.9 1.4 3.5 *Standard hybrids for comparison. ** Fairhope, Brewton, Monroeville, and Headland. 11I Table 14. 1997 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama Brand Name-Hybrid 1997 Regional Averages Fairhopet Brewton Monroevilleft Headland Yield Lodged Test Mid- Husk** Harvest Per Acre Stalks Weight Silk Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Dekalb DK 687.............144 143 Pioneer 3260...............139 133 Pioneer 3223...............127 121 AgraTech ATX770..........123 121 Funk's DG 5516............118 117 HyPerformer AP9707........114 129 Dekalb DK 683.............104 141 Pioneer 3163*..............113 121 Terra TR 1154.............110 130 AgraTech ATX999..........123 117 Dekalb DK 706.............97 135 Funk's 55OA..............115 121 Terra E 1176...............119 117 Pioneer 32K61.............. 139 125 Hy Performer HS9843........ 98 123 Hy erormr S 944..... 73 122 Terra TR702E.............. 79 113 Terra TR1185............. 90 101 AgraTech 888.............. 92 121 Pioneer 3167 *...... ........ 93 98 Mycogen 8460.............. 68 100 Hy Performer HY 9899V .. 76 110 Funk's DG 5670............ 70 97 TestAverage.............. 105.3 119.8 L. S.D. ( 05) ............... 22.4 13.5 C V (%,.................. 15.0 8.0 Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. LbIBu. Mo.-Do. Rating Pct. 170 191 179 176 177 184 171 178 180 168 176 170 164 154 174 160 167 166 155 170 169 161 162 170.5 14.7 6.1 191 162 1.3 58.0 6-7 156 155 1.3 59.7 6-6 173 150 1.7 58.9 6-5 179 150 0.7 56.1 6-7 182 148 0.3 57.5 6-5 164 148 2.3 58.4 6-6 175 148 1.0 58.1 6-8 176 147 2.3 57.4 6-6 163 146 1.0 56.7 6-4 167 144 1.7 55.6 6-9 163 143 0.3 58.9 6-6 164 143 1.7 55.3 6-5 164 141 0.7 59.3 6-4 142 140 0.3 61.1 6-6 154 137 0.3 56.8 6-5 177 133 1.7 58.2 6-6 165 131 0.7 58.2 6-7 163 130 1.7 57.2 6-6 150 129 1.7 58.6 6-7 156 129 0.7 57.9 6-8 166 126 3.0 56.1 6-8 156 126 2.7 57.9 6-5 158 122 2.7 57.4 6-6 165.1 24.1 10.3 1 19.0 2 19.7 2 18.1 2 17.9 2 17.7 2 17.3 1 18.4 2 18.6 2 17.3 1 19.5 2 20.2 2 19.8 2 18.7 2 18.7 2 17.7 2 19.7 2 20.9 2 21.1 2 19.9 2 19.8 2 20.8 2 20.5 2 21.5 * Standard hybrids for comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. t Fairhope had severe lodging across all plots due to Hurricane Danny. No data was recorded for lodging and husk cover. Combine harvested approximately 80-85% of downed corn. Yields were adversly affected by the storm. ft Monroeville reported a moderate incidence of "Buggy Whip" in most all plots which may have reduced yields. .12 I rl... --- Table 15. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 1995-97*** Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 Midsilk Test Husk** Harvest 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Weight Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pct. Mo.-Da. Lb./Bu. Rating Pct. Pioneer 3223 .................. 183 Funk's DG 5516 ............... 182 Dekalb DK 683 ................ 181 Hy Performer HS9843 ........... 180 Hy Performer HY 9899V ........ 177 Dekalb DK 706 ................ 177 AgraTech 888 ................. 176 Terra TR702E ................. 175 Pioneer 3163 * ................. 175 Terra TR 1185 ................. 173 Hy Performer HS 9944 .......... 170 Pioneer 3167 * ................. 161 Dekalb DK 687 ................ - Funk's DG 5670 ............... - Pioneer 3260 .................. . - HyPerformer AP 9707 ........... - Terra TR 1154................. . - AgraTech ATX770 ............. - Pioneer 32K61 ............... - Funk's 5510A .................. .- Terra E 1176 .................. - AgraTech ATX999 ............. - Mycogen 8460 ............... - 181 179 176 185 181 184 174 166 179 162 173 172 176 187 174 169 175 173 172 154 166 178 151 157 174 176 163 137 162 168 - 188 - 179 - 169 - 169 - 164 - 161 - 156 - 145 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.3 1.5 3.0 1.7 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.3 2.0 4.0 2.7 2.0 3.0 1.3 1.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 2.3 2.5 3.0 2.3 1.0 2.0 - 0.5 0 - 4.0 7.0 - 2.0 3.0 - - 2.0 - - 6.0 - - 1.0 - - 2.0 - - 2.0 - - 4.0 - - 2.0 - - 0 5-27 57.0 5-30 57.9 6-4 57.3 5-30 57.7 5-25 57.7 6-1 59.3 6-6 59.4 5-30 58.1 6-2 56.5 5-29 56.4 6-2 58.3 6-4 58.1 6-2 56.9 6-6 57.1 5-27 58.0 5-30 56.4 5-26 56.7 5-27 56.4 5-26 59.2 5-30 55.2 5-26 57.4 6-4 55.9 6-6 55.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 TestAverage .................. 168.5 L.S.D. (05) ........... ..... 28.3 C.v ov(%) ............ ........ 11.9 * Standard hybrids for comparison. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. *** The test received approximately 5.0 inches of irrigation water in 4 applications in May and June. Table 16. Early Corn Hybrid Test, Southern Alabama,*** 1995-97 Yield Per Acre, Av. Lodged Stalks, Av. 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 3-yr. 2-yr. 1997 Midsilk Test Husk** Harvest 1995-97 1996-97 1995-97 1996-97 Weight Cover Moisture Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Pct. Pct. Mo./Da. Lb./Bu. Rating Pct. Zimmerman Z41 ................ 139 149 - - - 5-22 53.7 - 18.9 AgraTech 787* ............. 137 128 125 - - - 5-25 52.7 - 20.6 Funk's5510A................... 137 141 142 - - - 5-26 50.9 - 24.7 Pioneer 3245 * .................. 135 122 116 - - - 5-25 56.6 - 24.8 Pioneer 3394 ................... 135 135 136 - - - 5-22 53.5 - 19.1 Zimmerman Z37 ................ - 146 155 - - - 5-24 55.8 - 22.3 Zimmerman Z39 ................ - - 150 - - - 5-23 53.2 - 21.3 Terra TR 1136 .................. . - - 142 - - - 5-23 52.0 - 19.8 Terra TR 1106 .................. . - - 136 - - - 5-23 52.5 - 19.0 AgraTech ATX721 ................- - 130 - - - 5-23 51.9 - 18.5 TestAverage ................... 137.8 L.S.D. (05) .................. . 18.4 C.V. (/o) .............. ........ 9.2 * Standard Mid to Late Season Hybrids. ** 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. *** Fairhope. Severe lodging across all plots due to Hurricane Danny. No data recorded for lodging and husk cover. Combine harvested approximately 80-85% of downed corn. Yields were adversly affected by the storm. 13 Table 17. Characteristics of Corn Hybrids Tested One Year in Preliminary Test at Fairhope in Southern Alabamat, 1997 Brand Name-Hybrid Av. Yield Lodged Husk** Midsilk Test Harvest Per Acre Stalks Cover Weight Moisture Bu. Pct. Rating Mo. -Da. Lb.,Bu. Pct. HyPerformer HY 9646....... 126 - - 6-9 50.1 21.9 Pioneer 3163 * ............ 97 - - 6-9 51.3 26.5 Terra E 1186.............. 97 - - 6-9 51.8 22.9 Greenwood 4701............ 96 - - 6-16 48.2 27.7 Pioneer 3245 * ............ 94 - - 6-8 52.0 25.7 AgriPro AP 9909........... 91 - - 6-9 54.1 24.0 Funk's 5688................ 90 - - 6-11 49.8 29.5 Greenwood 835............ 88 - - 6-16 50.2 29.6 Mycogen 2815............. 85 - - 6-6 52.7 22.3 AgraTech EX6890.......... 80 - - 6-9 50.2 28.8 AgraTech EX6714.......... 79 - - 6-10 50.0 24.3 Pioneer 3167 *............. 74 - - 6-10 49.4 21.2 Test Average .............. 91.1 L.S.D. (05) ............... 19.1 C.V (/)................4.5 * Standard Hybrids for Comparison. * 1= Excellent; 5= Very Poor. t Fairhope had severe lodging across all plots due to Hurricane Danny. No data was recorded for lodging and husk cover. Combine harvested approximately 80-85% of downed corn. Yields were adversly affected by the storm. 14 TABLE 18. GROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 1995-97 Monthly rainfall (inches) 7-month Test location Year Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. total Belle Mina ........ 1997 5.4 1996 7.1 1995 3.6 Crossville.......... 1997 6.6 1996 8.5 1995 4.4 Winfield .......... 1997 3.8 1996 4.8 1995 6.2 Tallassee .......... 1997 1.5 1996 8.7 1995' 3.7 Shorter........... 1997 2.2, 1996 8.6 1995 4.6 Prattville.......... 1997 3.0 1996 11.1 1995 4.0 Marion Junction ... 1997 2.5 1996 10.3 1995 5.9 Camden........... 1997 2.5 1996 12.3 1995 4.9 Monroeville ....... 1997 2.5 1996 7.8 1995 4.2 Brewton........... 1997 4.1 1996 11.1 1995 8.3 Fairhope........... 1997 3.8 1996 10.2 1995 10.0 4.0 5.5 4.8 5.4 4.2 4.2 3.9 6.4 9.2 7.7 3.6 3.6 7.0 4.6 4.2 3.6 6.5 1.7 3.3 1.8 2.7 8.6 8.3 2.8 2.3 1.5 3.4 11.7 10.2 1.9 3.8 1.9 1.7 5.2 8.7 3.3 1.8 1.3 1.8 3.5 5.5 4.4 2.4 1.2 1.8 6.0 3.3 6.8 3.6 5.1 3.3 4.3 2.0 2.2 7.8 2.7 5.4 8.5 3.8 4.2 6.0 5.7 5.1 7.3 8.9 7.5 4.8 12.5 2.7 6.4 1.3 1.4 7.9 1.8 3.9 4.7 4.3 1.0 7.6 5.5 2.3 4.1 4.4 1.0 4.2 6.1 1.6 8.0 8.3 2.9 6.3 8.0 5.9 11.7 0.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 4.5 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.1 5.6 2.2 2.9 2.8 3.8 1.7 4.3 3.0 3.3 5.6 2.5 4.0 5.9 4.7 8.1 3.7 7.6 2.4 7.5 6.6 6.3 7.8 4.1 4.4 3.6 1.5 10.4 3.9 7.6 7.8 4.8 2.4 2.1 7.6 1.9 2.4 8.9 1.5 3.4 4.5 5.8 7.5 2.7 4.4 3.9 3.3 6.4 7.4 1.9 6.3 3.0 3.4 2.2 8.0 7.3 7.4 1.4 2.3 2.8 5.2 8.3 1.4 1.6 4.3 3.3 4.4 5.3 6.4 2.8 2.0 0.2 10.3 6.0 3.0 3.6 6.3 1.4 2.7 4.7 7.4 2.5 9.1 7.9 1.7 0.8 5.5 7.2 10.2 0.8 2.6 1.8 12.0 5.4 10.1 1.9 28.6 1.3 1.3 6.6 6.0 7.7 8.7 9.6 3.1 4.8 3.6 5.3 2.3 3.3 13.3 11.6 5.2 1.7 15 31.1 34.7 27.2 42.1 36.3 27.9 39.1 38.8 34.0 33.1 38.3 19.4 27.8 42.7 21.5 27.7 45.8 19.0 38.7 38.1 27.1 25.7 44.0 25.7 26.8 37.3 32.4 28.6 56.1 46.8 55.2 50.1 48.6 27.90 I UU I X~ IU IX TABLE 19. SoIL TYPES FOR CORN TRIALS, 1997 Test location North Belle Mina .... Crossville ..... Winfield ...... Central Tallassee ...... Shorter ....... Prattville ...... Marion Junction Camden ...... South Monroeville ... Brewton ...... Headland ..... Fairhope ...... Soil type . Decatur silt loam .. Wynnville fine sandy loam S. Savannah loam .. Cahaba loamy sand * . Norfolk sandy loam .. Lucedale fine sandy loam .. Vaiden clay .. Forkland fine sandy loam . Lucedale loam . Benndale fine sandy loam . Dothan sandy loam . Malbis fine sandy loam 16 ~I -IL_ _~11 SOURCES OF 1997 CORN HYBRID TEST SEED AgraTech Seed, Inc. 5559 N. 500 W. McCordsville, IN 46055 AgraTech DEKALB Genetics Corp. 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 Dekalb Dixie Ag. Supply P.O. Box 534 Athens, AL 35611 Funk's Greenwood Hybrids 8431 Davis Road Laurel Hill, FL 32567 Greenwood Hy Performer Seed Co. One HY Crop Row Memphis, TN 38120 Hy Performer AgriPro Mycogen Plant Sciences 3600 N. Columbia Plainview, TX 79072 Mycogen Pioneer Hi-Bred Int. 6767 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 Pioneer Terra International, Inc. P.O. Box 6000 Sioux City, IA 51102 Terra Zimmerman Hybrids, Inc. 5147 W. Franklin Rd. Evansville, IN 47712 Zimmerman 17 Location of Participating Research Units LAUDERDALE LIMESTONE MADISON JACKSON, COLBERT FRANKLIN MORGA, MRHL DEKB MARHALLDEAAL WALKEtrasRer odceda hseA E ubtto~ Tense VaCxusAtiOUN(TSatBleMa.an Mountain SsAIN LI M)a rsxil pe osa li GCS Sub~JEFStiON(CP)aWiiedBlcBetSbtioBS)t Marion Junction Pratville FiEdBURaN raEile .. mt Research Center ( S CL AtYalse.GlCatSbtto GCS at Fairhoe. Nionroe OLPFedH M tMnre ~e Bircgas SubSAo TALAS) t HAMeaadP ~tnEprmn FieldE HBAaLrE'tn n o~e osa lanSbtto LCPS aUtAG Camden. Withou th Eo mtetStesbtto personnel. ~SR Reut Sr~ne in tireotxLd o ebe presente inS a ie aer.