January 1990 Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 141 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Lowell T. Frobish, Director Auburn University Auburn University, Alabama Performance of Hybrids in Alabama, 1989 TABLE OF CONTENTS INITJRODUCTION*...a.................................... EXPERIENTAL PROCEDURES. ,..... ....................... VARIETY COMPARISONS.............................................. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..... ........................................ TABLE 1. CATIONS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 1989 GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TESTS.............................. TABLE 2. GROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 1989.......................... NOTHERN ALABAMA TABLE 3. YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1987-89. TABLE 4. CROSSVILLE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989............. TABLE 5. BELLE MINA GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989............... TABLE 6. WINFIELD GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989............... CENTRAL ALABAMA TABLE 7. YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR CENTRAL AIABAMA, 1987-89.. TABLE 8. MARION JUNCLION GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989....... TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE SOURCE ACCEPI 9. SHORTER GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989................. SOUTHERN ALABAMA 10. YIELD AND LDDGING AVERAGES FOR SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 1987-89. 11. MONROEVILLE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989...........0.0. 12. FAIRHOPE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989................ 13. HEADLAND GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989............... 14. PLANT HEIGHT OF GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS BY REGION OR LDCATION, 1989....................................... S OF SEED FOR THE 1989 GRAIN SORGHUM TESTS.................... ABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1990........................................ Page 5 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS IN AIABAMA, 1989 D. L. Thurlow and W. C. Johnson 1 INTRODUCTION Grain sorghum performance tests are conducted annually throughout Alabama by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. These tests give a comparison of hybrid performance under the conditions at a particular location. The locations used represent major soil and climatic areas of the State. The performance of hybrids varies with location. Therefore, this report should be carefully studied before a hybrid is selected. AXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES Cultural practices were uniform for all hybrids within a given test. The experimental design for all tests was a randomized complete block with four replications. Test plots were two 36-inch rows, 20 or 30 feet in length. The target plant population was 60,000 plants per acre, with a seeding rate 25 percent higher to ensure a good stand. Test cultural practices are listed in table 1. Grain yields were obtained by harvesting the whole test plot with a plot combine, and adjusting harvested grain weight and moisture to a standard 14 percent moisture and 56 pounds per bushel. Lodging is given as the percentage of plants broken or leaning at an angle of more than 45 degrees. The seedheads of lodged plants were not included in the yields reported. Time (days) to mid-bloom is one measure of relative maturity. This is taken as days from planting to the date when approximately one-half of the heads in the plot are in bloom. iAssociate Professor and Professor of Agronomy and Soils. -5- The preliminary grain sorghum hybrid tests, tables 5 and 9, are used to evaluate new hybrids and experimental lines. These test entries in 1989 were included in the regular test at the two locations. Bird damage was heavy and relatively uniform in 1988 at the following locations: Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville; Prattville Experiment Field, Prattville; and Gulf Coast Substation, Fairhope. Damage in 1989 was heavy at Prattville Experiment Field, Prattville, and E.V. Smith Research Center, Shorter. The test at Prattville Field was discarded because of the bird problem. There was considerable damage at the Tennessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina, on a few of the early varieties, table 5. Damage was light at the following locations in 1989: Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield; Monroeville Experiment Field, Monroeville; and Wiregrass Substation, Headland. Bird damage can be a problem in small fields. In selecting a hybrid, consideration should be given to bird populations; if damage is anticipated, bird-resistant hybrids should be used. Bird-resistant grain sorghum hybrids are soletimes difficult to market and may have lower feed value than the non-bird-resistant hybrids. Two-year and 3-year average yields were severely reduced at the Wiregrass Substation, Headland, by a severe infestation of green-bugs in 1987 as the grain of most hybrids was maturing. VARIETY CMPARISONS The performance of hybrids varies among years and locations. Small yield differences among hybrids may be the result of slight environmental or cultural differences rather than differences in yield potential among hybrids. To aid in determining real differences, a statistical analysis of variance was performed on the data from each location. The L. S. D. (least significant difference) at the 5 percent level is reported to help determine real differences between hybrid yields for each location. If the yield difference is greater than the L.S.D. value between two hybrids at a given location, the two hybrids are considered to be significantly different in yield. The C.V. (coefficient of variation) is a measure of test variability. An increase in its value indicates a decrease in the precision of the test data. The list of acceptable hybrids is based on 3-year-average grain yield and lodging data. The list is divided into three regions, north, central, and south. Since all acceptable hybrids are not equal in performance, a review of the data from several years at the test location similar to your situation is the most reliable method for selecting a hybrid best suited for your farming needs. Anthracnose has became a major factor in grain sorghum production in Alabama, and there were sporadic outbreaks of this disease during the 1987 growing season, but none were observed in 1988 or 1989. In years prior to 1987, however, grain sorghum in many northeast and west-central Alabama counties was devastated by anthracnose. Some fields yielded 50 to 75 percent less grain than expected. Feed cpality of much of the harvested grain from diseased fields was also poor. Resistant grain sorghum hybrids have been the best defense against anthracnose. Of available adapted grain sorghum hybrids, Funk's G-1711 and Pioneer Brand 8333 have the best resistance to this disease. Other hybrids with some anthracnose resistance are DeKalb DK-64 and Pioneer Brand 8222. Good management plus use of disease-resistant grain sorghum hybrids are necessary to reduce losses to anthracnose. There was not a second or ratoon crop of sorghum in 1989 at any location. Plant height of grain sorghum hybrids is reported as regional averages (central, northern, southern) and a single location of Fairhope, table 14. -7- The rainfall during June and July was good at all locations, resulting in good yields in 1989 except where bird damage was a problem, table 2. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The perfonnance trials were conducted in cooperation with the following substation and experiment field superintendents and their staffs whose quality work makes this report a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Northern Alabama Tenessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina - W. B. Webster, H. E. Burgess Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville - J. T. Eason, M. E. Ruf Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield - W.A. Griffey Central Alabama Black Belt Substation, Marion Junction - J. L. Holliman, M.D. Pegues Prattville Experiment Field, Prattville - D. P. Moore E. V. Smith Research Center, Shorter - R. R. Duffield Southern Alabama Monroeville Experinent Field, Monroeville - J. R. Akridge Wirrgrass Substation, Headland H. W. Ivey, L. Wells, B. CGamble Gulf Coast Substation, Fairhope- E. L. Carden, N. R. McDaniel Appreciation is also expressed to Mien-Huei Tzerng and Sally Bagwell, Research Data Analysis, for the computation, summarization, and analysis of the data in this report. -8- Table 1. Locations Planting~ date ard Cultural Nitrogen 1 rate Practices for the 1989 Grain Sorghum Hybrid Tests PD..lant Harvest Herbicides population date Insecticides Tennessee Valley Substation May 3 85 60,00September 19 Atrazine' (Belle Mina) Sandi Mountain Substation May 12 120 60,000 September 12 Atrazine F (Crossville) Upper Coastal Plain Substation May 2 80 60,000 September 12 None Nn (Winfield) E. V. Smith Research Center April 19 95 60.,000 August 9 Atrazine & Ial Nn (Shorter) Black Belt Substation May 3 40 60,000 Septeber 8 Atrazineo (Marion Junction) Prattville Experiment Field April 20 120 60,000 Not Harvested AtrazineNxri (Prattville) mreille Experiment Field April 24 120 60,000 Aug~ust 24 AtrazineNn (Monroeville) Wiregrass Substation April 18 100 60,000 July 31 Atrazine Nn (Headlandi) Gulf Coast Substation April 14 150 60,.000 Aug~ust 3 AtrazineLrsa (Fairtope)Sei lonsper acre N. lime,, posphorus, potassium, zinc,- and sulfur were appli~idaocordirq -to rexim~rxiatiobae on soil test. 2 Al1 Atrazine was applied broadcast when the sorghum was approximately 4 inches high. Loction I Table .2. Growingq Season Rabinfall, 1989 Monthy rainfall 7 months Test Location Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept - total --------------- inches------------------ Belle Mina 5.6 3.2 3.9 13.5 5.1 2.8 3.8 37.9 Crossville 5.8 3.3 3.4 8.3 9.1 1.8 8.9 40.6 Winfield 5.0 3.8 4.5 8.3 7.3 3.3 5.7 37.9 Shorter 9.5 7.0 3.5 14.4 9.0 1.9 5.8 51.1 Prattville 7.1 6.0 3.2 10.7 8.1 1.0 2.0 38.1 Marion Junction 7.3 5.5 1.9 9.3 5.7 1.3 1.5 32.5 Monroeville 7.0 8.2 3.6 .13.4 7.3 1.7 4.5 45.7 Fairhope 4.3 2.9 7.0 18.5 8.9 2.2 0.8 44.6 Headland 5.2 3.0 5.6 11.6 7.2 1.9 5.1 39.6 - 10- TABLE 3. YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR NRHR LIAA 978 BRAND-HYB3RID______ YIELD PER ACRE Bu. LODGED STALKS PCT. NEW NK SAVANNA 5 SUMMIT HT 126 DR CARGILL 6670 NEW NK 2660 AGRATECH GK 8020 CARGILL DR 1125 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR HYPERFORMER WING CARGILL 5572 FUNK'S RA 7e7 FUNK'S G 522A FUNK'S G 522 DR DEKALL3 DK-64 CARGILL R 1090 FUNK'S 0-1711 PIONEER 8333 FFR 321 AGRAlECH GK 7120 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR FUNK'S 0-1602 PENN PENNORAIN DP HYPERFORMER HONCHO CARGILL 4462 I ELLE MINA, CROSSVILLE, AND WINFIELD. NOT INCLUDED DUE TO POOR STAND. *BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. WINFIELD DATA FOR 1987 -11- 99 94 94 93 92 91 90 89 89 86 86 86 85 84 834 83 81 80 80 80 77 76 75 0. 6 2. 9 1.8 2. 2 2. 6 2.4 1.9 1.4 0.9 2. 5 2. 5 2. 1 1.3 3.8 1.0 0. 5 3. 1 4. 6 3.8 0.18 3.0 2. 0 24 ~TI/ Al ~ ~n 1/ NORTHERN ALABAIIIAr- 1907-89 T-ABLE 4. CROSSVILLE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 119 102 104 7/22 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 101 82 91 7/25 8.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 106 82 90 7/23 4.3 0.0 CARGILL 5572 110 88 89 7/24 3.8 0.0 AGRATECH GK 8020 109 85 88 7/23 5.0 0. 0 NEW NK 2660 102 81 87 7/23 6.3 0. 0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 100 79 87 7/23 6.3 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 115 83 86 7/23 0.5 0.0 CARGILL 6670 114 84 85 7/24 2.5 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 103 82 83 7/21 3.8 0.0 FUNK'S G 522A 102 85 83 7/23 6.3 0.0 FUNK'S G 522 DR 93 76 81 7/23 11.3 0.0 FUNK'S 0-1711 100 77 79 7/24 7.5 0.0 PIONEER 8333 97 74 79 7/22 4.3 0.0 FFR 321 101 82 78 7/24 3.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 106 75 78 7/24 7.5 0. 0 AGRATECH OK 712G 91 75 78 7/22 5.0 0.0 FUNK'S RA 787 96 72 76 7/24 8.8 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 87 67 75 7/25 10.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 92 74 73 7/22 12.5 0. 0 CARGILL 4462 87 65 72 7/21 10.0 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 95 61 71 7/24 15.0 0.0 FUNK'S 0-1602 96 55 65 7/25 0.5 0.0 PIONEER 8222 108 84 - 7/23 2.5 0. 0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 107 82 - 7/23 0.0 0. 0 AFC 861 113 81 - 7/23 3.8 0.0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 101 78 - 7/23 13.0 0.0 FUNK'S HW 7380 101 73 - 7/23 6.3 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 104 70 - 7/24 7.5 0. 0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 96 66 - 7/24 7.5 0. 0 DEKALB X-732 110 62 - 7/26 12.5 0.0 AFC 402 108 - - 7/24 2.5 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 107 - - 7/22 6. 3 0.0 NEW NK KS 780 106 - - 7/24 8.0 0. 0 DEKALB DK 66 103 - - 7/27 16.3 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 93 - - 7/25 10.0 0.0 NEW NK KS 737 91 - - 7/21 12.5 0.0 PIONEER 8230 87 - - 7/22 7.5 0.0 TEST MEAN 101 L.S.D. (.05) 16.4 C.V. (%) 11.5 * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -12- TABLE 5. BELLE MINA GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. CARGILL 6670 120 111 101 - 13.8 0.0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 134 106 101 - 8.8 0.0 NEW NK 2660 123 110 97 - 12.5 0.0 AGRATECH GK 8020 117 98 96 - B.8 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 130 104 95 - 1.8 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 116 102 94 - 13.8 0.0 FUNK'S RA 787 112 98 93 - 18.8 0.0 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 76 79 92 - 8.8 0 0 FUNK'S g 522 DR 125 93 90 - 7.5 0.0 FUNK'S G-1602 105 81 90 - 6.3 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 116 93 90 - 16.3 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 104 92 89 - 18.8 1.3 CARGILL 5572 113 100 88 - 11.3 0.0 FUNK'S 0 522A 119 89 87 - 11.3 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 104 83 86 - 26.3 0.0 PIONEER 8333 92 83 85 - 22.5 0.0 AGRATECH GK 7120 84 82 84 - 10.0 0.0 FUNK'S 0-1711 101 88 84 - 11.3 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 86 76 82 - 18.8 0.0 FFR 321 120 94 80 - 8.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 90 81 77 - 6.3 0. 0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 85 76 70 - 20.0 0. 0 CARGILL 4462 54 54 65 - 67.5 0.0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 119 107 - - 16.3 0.0 FUNK'S HW 7380 115 100 - - 11.3 0.0 DEKALB X-732 108 100 - - 12.5 0. 0 PIONEER 8222 103 94 - - 16.3 0.0 AFC 861 111 93 - - 18.8 0.0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 114 92 - - 10.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 90 82 - - 23.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 78 67 - - 6.3 0. 0 NEW NK KS 786 134 - - - 10.0 0.0 CARGILL X 15277 132 - - - 11.3 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 129 - - - 17.5 0. 0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 126 - - - 7.5 0.0 NEW NK KS 780 124 - - - 8.8 0.0 TORO BRAND OPTIMA 116 - - - 16.3 0.0 TORO BRAND OLE' 115 - - - 7.5 0.0 DEKALB DK 66 105 - - - 18.8 0.0 AFC 402 102 - - - 10.0 1.3 CARGILL 847 101 - - - 6.3 0.0 PIONEER 8230 97 - - - 10.0 0.0 DEKALB DK 41Y 96 - - - 3.8 0.0 NEW NK KS 737 87 - - - 38.8 0.0 AGRATECH 8050W 70 - - - 20.0 0. 0 AFC 401 67 - - - 22.5 0.0 TRIUMPH 65-0 63 - - - 35.0 0.0 TEST MEAN 105 L.S. D. (.05) 24.2 C.V. (%) 16.5 * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -13- TABLE 6. WINFIELD GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1986&88-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO /DAY PCT. PCT. FFR 321 97 98 85 - 0.0 0. 5 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 86 102 83 - 0.0 1.5 CARGILL 5572 85 98 83 - 0.0 0.8 NEW NK 2660 91 98 82 - 0.0 0.3 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 88 94 82 - 0.0 0.8 PIONEER 8222 92 94 81 - 0.0 0.3 FUNK'S RA 787 94 93 80 - 0.0 0.5 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 70 95 80 - 0.0 1.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 88 91 79 - 0.0 0.0 AGRATECH GK 802G 84 90 78 - 0.0 0.5 FUNK'S 0-1711 85 93 78 - 0.0 0.3 FUNK'S G 522 DR 85 87 77 - 0.0 1.5 FUNK'S 0 522A 93 95 76 - 0.0 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 86 93 75 - 0.0 0. 5 PIONEER 8333 89 85 74 - 0.0 0.3 CARGILL 4462 67 90 73 - 0.0 0.3 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 78 83 71 - 0.0 1. 3 AGRATECH GK 712G 75 76 68 - 0.0 1.0 CARGILL R 1090 61 82 68 - 0.0 0. 3 PENN PENNORAIN DR 48 64 59 - 0.0 0. 3 AFC 861 86 104 - - 0.0 0.3 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 96 103 - - 0.0 0. 0 CARGILL 6670 81 100 - - 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 82 100 - - 0.0 0. 5 CAPEHART CONTENDER 90 98 - - 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S HW 7380 93 98 - - 0.0 0.0 DEKALB X-732 96 95 - - 0.0 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 84 94 - - 0.0 0.3 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 70 83 - - 0.0 0. 0 HYPERFORMER WING 73 83 - - 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S 0-1602 68 78 - - 0.0 0.8 DEKALB DK 66 108 - - - 0.0 0.3 AFC 402 94 - - - 0.0 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 89 - - - 0.0 0.3 NEW NK KS 780 86 - - - 0.0 0.8 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 85 - - - 0.0 0.5 NEW NK KS 737 82 - - - 0.0 0.3 PIONEER 8230 78 - - - 0.0 0.3 TEST MEAN 84 L.S.D. (.05) 16.2 C.V. (%) 13.8 SBIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -14- 1/ TABLE 7. YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR CENTRAL ALABAMA, 1986-87&89 BRAND-HYBRID YIELD PER ACRE LODGED STALKS BU. PCT. NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 60 0.2 FUNK'S G-1711 54 0.0 FUNK'S RA 787 53 0. 2 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 53 0. 9 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 52 0.0 NEW NK 2660 51 0.0 FUNK'S G 522A 50 0. 0 CARGILL 5572 50 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 50 0.5 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 49 0.0 FUNK'S G 522 DR 49 0.0 FFR 321 49 0.9 AGRATECH GK 712G 48 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 48 0. 1 AGRATECH GK 8020 47 0.1 PIONEER 8333 47 0.8 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 46 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 46 0.5 CARGILL 4462 44 0.5 1/ SHORTER AND MARION JUNCTION. PRATTVILLE DATA NOT INCLUDED DUE TO HEAVY BIRD DAMAGE. * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -15- TABLE 8. MARION JUNCTION GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1987&89 1986-87&89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 102 73 72 7/7 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G-1711 111 70 71 7/8 0.0 0.0 CARGILL 5572 106 69 70 7/8 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S RA 787 98 67 70 7/9 0.0 0.0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 108 73 69 7/6 0.0 0.0 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 108 72 69 7/8 0 0 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 91 66 69 7/8 0.0 0.0 FFR 321 106 70 68 7/7 0.0 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 91 66 68 7/9 0.0 0. 0 NEW NK 2660 105 70 68 7/7 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G 522 DR 92 64 67 7/8 2.5 0.0 FUNK'S 0 522A 94 67 66 7/6 0.0 0.0 AGRATECH OK 8020 93 61 63 7/8 0.0 0. 0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 104 69 63 7/8 0.0 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 86 61 62 7/5 0.0 0.0 AGRATECH GK 712G 83 56 59 7/5 1.3 0.0 PIONEER 8333 85 56 57 7/6 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 78 54 56 7/5 2.5 0.0 CARGILL 4462 74 51 53 7/5 0.0 0.0 CARGILL 6670 109 74 - 7/8 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S 0-1602 102 71 - 7/8 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 103 67 - 7/8 0.0 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 97 66 - 7/7 0.0 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 110 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 DEKALB X-732 109 - - 7/10 0.0 0.0 AFC 861 109 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 105 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 103 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 PIONEER 8222 102&1- 102 - - 7/6 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 100 - - 7/8 0.0 0. 0 NEW NK KS 780 100 - - 7/8 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 100 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 AFC 402 99 - - 7/8 0.0 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 98 - - 7/7 0.0 0.0 DEKALB DK 66 96 - - 7/12 2.5 0.0 NEW NK KS 737 92 - - 7/6 2.5 0. 0 FUNK'S HW 7380 88 - - 7/9 0.0 0.0 PIONEER 8230 76 - - 7/6 0.0 0.0 TEST MEAN 98 L.S.D. (.05) 15.4 C.V. (%) 11.3 -16- * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. IWI I IM~JW 11(1 TABLE 9. SHORTER GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 39 52 59 6/30 11.3 0.0 FUNK'S G 522A 25 42 46 6/25 38.8 0.0 PIONEER 8333 19 43 46 6/28 26.3 0.0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 27 41 46 6/26 38.Q 0.0 CARGILL 6670 30 41 46 6/28 36.3 0 0 AGRATECH GK 712G 16 39 45 6/30 41.3 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 26 43 45 6/28 48.8 0. 0 FUNK'S G-1711 18 38 44 7/3 53.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 30 39 44 6/28 33.8 0. 0 FUNK'S RA 787 23 36 43 7/3 40.0 0.0 FUNK'S G-1602 22 34 42 7/1 37.5 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 26 39 42 6/26 43.8 0. 0 CARGILL DR 1125 28 38 41 6/29 18.8 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 18 36 41 6/28 35.0 0. 0 FFR 321 24 38 40 6/29 46.3 0.0 CARGILL 5572 25 37 40 6/29 43.8 0. 0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 21 32 40 6/28 58.8 1.3 FUNK'S G 522 DR 17 33 39 6/30 43.8 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 19 36 39 6/30 47.5 0.0 NEW NK 2660 24 31 38 6/29 40.0 0.0 CARGILL 4462 19 30 37 6/26 56.3 0.0 AGRATECH GK 802G 22 32 37 6/29 31.3 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 18 28 30 7/1 56.3 0.0 DEKALB X-732 27 50 - 7/5 47.5 0. 0 PIONEER 8222 . 33 48 - 6/26 33.8 0.0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 33 45 - 6/29 35.0 0. 0 FUNK'S HW 7380 26 44 - 7/1 27.5 0.0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 24 43 - 6/29 43.8 0. 0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 24 39 - 6/30 42.5 0. 0 AFC 861 26 39 - 7/1 45.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 23 26 - 7/2 58.8 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 34 - - 6/29 47.5 0.0 TORO BRAND OPTIMA 26 - - 6/30 42. 5 0 0 NEW NK KS 786 25 - - 7/2 41.3 0.0 CARGILL X 15277 25 - - 7/1 33.8 0.0 PIONEER 8230 25 - - 6/24 31.3 0 0 TRIUMPH 65-G 24 - - 6/26 36 3 0.0 NEW NK KS 780 24 - - 7/2 50.0 0.0 TORO BRAND OLE' 23 - - 6/29 38.8 0.0 AFC 402 23 - - 6/29 36.3 0.0 CARGILL 847 20 - - 7/4 47.5 0. 0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 20 - - 6/27 45.0 0.0 DEKALB DK 41Y 19 - - 6/28 20.0 0.0 AGRATECH 8050W 18 - - 6/28 18.8 0. 0 DEKALB DK 66 16 - - 7/9 75.0 0.0 AFC 401 15 - - 6/27 27.5 0.0 NEW NK KS 737 15 - - 6/26 62.5 0.0 TEST MEAN 24 L.S.D. (.05) 9.8 C.V. (%) 29.8 * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -17- TABLE 10. YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR SOUTHERN ALABAMAT 1987-89 BRAND-HYBRID YIELD PER ACRE LODGED STALKS BU. PCT. FUNK'S G 522 DR 67 0.1 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 67 0.1 NEW NK 2660 66 0.0 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 66 1.3 CARGILL R 1090 65 0.6 CARGILL 6670 65 1.2 FFR 321 65 4.5 CARGILL 5572 64 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 64 0.1 FUNK'S G-1602 64 0.1 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 64 0.1 AGRATECH GK 802G 64 0.4 PIONEER 8333 64 1.8 FUNK'S RA 787 63 2.1 CARGILL 4462 63 2.9 HYPERFORMER WING 63 2.4 DEKALB DK-64 63 7.5 FUNK'S 0-1711 63 1.0 FUNK'S G 522A 63 0.6 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 62 0.1 AGRATECH GK 7120 61 2.6 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 61 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 58 7.1 HEADLAND, MONROEVILLE, AND FAIRHOPE. BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -18- TABLE 11. MONROEVILLE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID-- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. DEKALB DK-64 108 93 87 6/28 0.0 6. 3 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 102 91 86 6/23 0.0 1.0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 102 89 85 6/28 0.0 41.3 CARGILL 6670 103 91 85 6/30 0.0 0. 5 FUNK'S G 522 DR 105 93 84 6/27 0.0 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 96 88 83 6/27 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S RA 787 104 86 83 6/30 0.0 7.5 FFR 321 104 89 82 6/26 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 95 85 81 6/28 0.0 3. 0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 95 83 80 6/26 0.0 0.0 NEW NK 2660 92 83 79 6/28 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G-1711 101 85 79 6/29 0.0 7.5 CARGILL DR 1125 95 82 78 6/27 0.0 0.5 CARGILL 5572 102 86 77 6/28 0.0 0.0 PIONEER 8333 82 79 77 6/26 0.0 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 89 77 76 6/27 0.0 0.0 AGRATECH GK 7126 89 77 75 6/23 0.0 0. 0 CARGILL 4462 84 79 74 6/22 0.0 10.0 AGRATECH GK 802G 82 76 74 6/27 0.0 1. 0 FUNK'S G-1602 99 77 73 6/26 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 84 75 72 6/22 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 82 75 72 6/27 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S G 522A 85 73 70 6/25 0.0 0.0 PIONEER 8222 100 90 - 6/26 0.0 0.0 AFC 861 103 89 - 6/28 0.0 5.0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 104 84 - 6/27 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 92 82 - 6/29 0.0 40.5 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 93 81 - 6/28 0.0 5.0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 91 80 - 6/27 0.0 0.5 FUNK'S HW 7380 96 79 - 6/30 0.0 0.5 DEKALB X-732 102 78 - 7/2 0.0 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 106 - - 6/29 0.0 3.8 AFC 402 97 - - 6/29 0.0 5.0 NEW NK KS 780 96 - - 6/29 0.0 0.0 DEKALB DK 66 95 - - 7/1 0.0 8.8 PIONEER 8230 93 - 6/26 0 0 12.5 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 85 - - 6/27 0.0 0.0 NEW NK KS 737 82 - - 6/21 0.0 20.0 TEST MEAN 95 L.S.D. (.05) 16.4 C.V. (%) 12.3 * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. 19- FAIRHOPE GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT PCT. CARGILL 4462 98 79 80 6/14 0 0 10.0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 115 88 78 6/16 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G 522 DR 113 95 78 6/16 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G 522A 107 89 78 6/15 0.0 5.0 NEW NK 2660 110 91 77 6/17 0.0 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 104 84 77 6/17 0.0 0.0 AGRATECH GK 802 113 85 76 6/17 0.0 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 103 84 76 6/15 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 96 85 74 6/14 0.0 0.0 PIONEER 8333 94 75 72 6/14 0.0 16.3 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 107 90 72 6/18 0.0 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 117 87 72 6/16 0.0 0.0 CARGILL 5572 109 85 71 6/18 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G-1602 101 82 71 6/16 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G-1711 111 84 70 6/20 0.0 1.3 FFR 321 99 88 70 6/16 0.0 10.0 AGRATECH GK 712G 77 71 67 6/13 0.0 10.0 HYPERFORMER WING 107 81 66 6/19 0.0 7.5 FUNK'S RA 787 104 84 65 6/18 0.0 5.0 CARGILL 6670 103 81 65 6/19 0.0 10.0 NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 102 67 62 6/14 0.0 7.5 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 92 68 55 6/18 0.0 5.0 DEKALB DK-64 98 66 53 6/17 0.0 8.8 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 117 90 - 6/15 0.0 1.3 PIONEER 8222 112 88 - 6/17 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 104 85 - 6/18 0.0 0.0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 111 83 - 6/18 0.0 0.0 AFC 861 101 74 - 6/17 0.0 2. 5 DEKALB X-732 102 71 - 6/20 0 0 0.0 FUNK'S HW 7380 100 67 - 6/18 0.0 0. 0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 84 58 - 6/18 0.0 37.5 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 116 - - 6/18 0.0 0.0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 109 - - 6/16 0.0 0.0 NEW NK KS 780 102 - - 6/17 0.0 0.0 AFC 402 100 - - 6/19 0.0 6.3 PIONEER 8230 91 - - 6/15 0.0 11.3 DEKALB DK 66 78 - - 6/21 0.0 41.3 NEW NK KS 737 73 - - 6/12 0.0 36.3 TEST MEAN 102 L.S.D. (.05) 18.2 C.V. (%) 12.7 * BIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -20- TABLE 12. TABLE 13. HEADLAND GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRID TRIAL, 1989 1989 BRAND-HYBRID 1989 1988-89 1987-89 MID- BIRD LODGED YIELD 2-YR. AV. 3-YR. AV. BLOOM DAMAGE STALKS BU. BU. BU. MO./DAY PCT. PCT. NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 70 67 51 6/17 0.0 0.0 DEKALB DK-64 82 68 49 6/20 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S G-1602 70 65 47 6/21 0.0 0.0 CARGILL 6670 70 61 45 6/21 0.0 0. 0 CARGILL 5572 68 62 44 6/17 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER WING 69 60 43 6/17 0.0 0.0 CARGILL DR 1125 64 60 43 6/18 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1225 DR 67 59 42 6/20 0.0 0. 0 FFR 321 69 60 42 6/20 10.0 0.0 FUNK'S RA 787 61 59 42 6/17 7.5 0.0 AGRATECH GK 7120 60 57 42 6/20 5.0 0.0 PIONEER 8333 62 57 42 6/20 0.0 0.0 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 58 58 42 6/21 10.0 0. 0 AGRATECH GK 8020 66 58 41 6/20 0.0 0. 0 NEW NK 2660 64 57 41 6/20 0.0 0. 0 FUNK'S G 522A 60 54 40 6/20 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S 0-1711 69 54 39 6/17 0.0 0.0 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 58 54 39 6/17 0.0 0.0 FUNK'S G 522 DR 52 52 39 6/17 0.0 0.0 CARGILL R 1090 49 51 37 6/17 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 60 51 36 6/15 0.0 0.0 CARGILL 4462 45 50 35 6/15 10.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 44 48 35 6/20 5.0 0. 0 DEKALB X-732 84 65 - 6/25 0. 0 0. 0 AFC 861 77 63 - 6/20 12.5 0.0 PIONEER 8222 80 62 - 6/17 0.0 0.0 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 75 62 - 6/20 0. 0 0 0 CAPEHART CHALLENGER 74 62 - 6/21 10.0 0 0 FUNK'S HW 7380 70 55 - 6/18 0.0 0 0 CAPEHART CONTENDER 62 55 - 6/20 0.0 0 0 CAPEHART CHAMPION 37 46 - 6/20 0.0 0 0 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 73 - - 6/17 0.0 0 0 TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 66 - - 6/20 0.0 0 0 NEW NK KS 780 64 - - 6/20 0.0 00 AFC 402 61 - - 6/18 5.0 00 DEKALB DK 66 61 - - 6/23 0.0 0 0 PIONEER 8230 56 - - 6/20 0.0 0 0 NEW NK KS 737 47 - - 6/17 7.5 0.0 TEST MEAN 64 L.S.D. (.05) 15.4 C.V. (X) 17.2 SBIRD-RESISTANT HYBRID. -21- TABLE 14. PLANT HEIGHT OF GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS BY REGION R LOCATION, 1989 PLANT HEIGHT BY REGION BRAND-HYBRID NORTHERN CENTRAL SOUTHERN FAIRHOPE IN. IN. AFC 401 59 57 - AFC 402 52 57 56 63 AFC 861 52 54 51 61 AGRATECH GK 7120 44 48 45 51 AGRATECH GK 8020 48 50 49 56 AGRATECH 8050W 62 54 - - CAPEHART CHALLENGER 50 52 52 64 CAPEHART CHAMPION 60 63 60 66 CAPEHART CONTENDER 49 53 48 57 CARGILL DR 1125 50 51 49 59 CARGILL R 1090 48 50 49 57 CARGILL X 15277 56 51 - - CARGILL 4462 51 55 54 58 CARGILL 5572 50 53 51 59 CAROILL 6670 51 55 54 61 CARGILL 847 57 49 - - DEKALB DK 41Y 59 51 - - DEKALB DK 66 58 63 54 66 DEKALB DK--b4 51 55 52 58 DEKALB X-732 52 57 57 61 FFR 321 48 52 48 57 FUNK'S c0 522 DR 48 52 49 60 FUNK'S G 522A 47 49 49 56 FUNK'S 0-1602 47 52 53 58 FUNK'S G-1711 50 54 53 61 FUNK'S HW 7380 48 50 49 53 FUNK'S RA 787 52 53 54 62 HYPERFORMER CHEROKEE 50 53 51 60 HYPERFORMER HONCHO 45 49 48 51 HYPERFORMER WING 52 54 50 61 H14YPERFORMER 1225 DR 50 51 50 58 HYPERFORMER 1330 DR 57 62 60 69 NEW NK KS 737 51 52 50 56 NEW NK KS 780 49 53 51 57 NEW NK KS 786 56 53 - NEW NK SAVANNA 5 * 61 67 62 70 NEW NK 2660 48 52 51 60 PENN PENNGRAIN DR 46 51 48 55 PIONEER 8222 47 48 50 53 PIONEER 8230 49 54 51 57 PIONEER 8333 48 51 49 52 SUMMIT HT 126 DR 49 52 51 58 TORO BRAND OLE' 56 49 - - TORO BRAND OPTIMA 59 52 - - TRIUMPH TWO 70-D 47 52 50 59 TRIUMPH TWO 80-D 50 55 52 61 TRIUMPH 65-0 57 55 - - 4 4ORTHERN REGION (BELLE MINA, WINFIELD, AND CROSSVILLE); CENTRAL REGION (MARION JUNCTION AND SHORTER); SOUTHERN REGION (MONROEVILLE AND HEADLAND). -22- Sources of Seed for the 1989 Grain Sorghum Tests Entry designation Source of seed AFC brand hybrids ............................ Alabama Farmer's Cooperative P.O. Box 2227 Decatur, AL 35602 AgraTech brand hybrids........................AgraTech Seeds, Inc. Rt. 1 Box 76A McCordsville, IN 46055 Capehart brand hybrids. ................... Capehart Seed Service P.O. Box 10 Holland, MO 63853 Cargill brand hybrids ......................... Cargil Hybrid Seeds Box 5645 Minneapolis, MN 55440 DeKaib brand hybrids ........................... DeKalb-Pfizer Genetics 3100 Sycamore Road Dekalib, IL 60115 FFR brand hybrids..............................Alabama Farmer's Cooperative P.O. Box 2227 Decatur, AL 35602 Funk's brand hybrids.........................Delta and Pine Land Co. P.O. Box 157 Scott, MS 38772 HyPerfonrmer brand hybrids................... ... Helena Chemical Company 5100 Poplar Avenue Menqis, TN 38137 New Northrup King brand hybrids.................The New Northrup King Company Rt. 3 Box 265 LaGrange, NC 28551 Pennington brand hybrids ................... Pennington Enterprises, Inc. P.O. Box 290 Madison, GA 30650 Pioneer brand hybrids . ........ . . . Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. 1000 West Jefferson Street Tipton, IN 46072 (continued on following page) -23- source s of Seed for the 1989 Grain Sorghum Tests (continued) Entry designation Source of seed Surmit brand CL-W hrid. ..... ..... Bg Cro P.O. Box L-ubbock, Toro brand ybrd...........Bgcrop P.O. Box Lubbock, Seed, Inc. 5866 TX 79417 Seed, jInc. 5866 TX 79417 Triumph brandhyrd..... ....... Tir Seed Company, P.O. Box 1050 Pails, TX 79357 -24- Inc . ACCEPTABLE HYBRI DS FOR 19 90 All acceptable hybrids have been tested for 3 cosecutive years in the region listed. All of the acce--ptable hybrids are not equal in performance. it is suggested that this report be carefully studied before choosing a hybrid. The hybrids are listed in descending order of 3-year-average yield for each- region. NRHERN ALABAA rand name C21rRAL AIAWAMA Hyrid Brand name New Northrup Kirq Summuit Cargill Ne::w Northrup King AgraTech cargill HyPerfonier HyPerf onwar Cargill Funk' s Funk's Cargill Pioneer AgraTech Savanna 5* HT-1l26DR 6670 2660 GK 802G DR~ 1125 1225DR wings 5572 G-522A G-522DR PA 787 P-1090 * 8333 * GK 712G * New Northrup King Funk's Funk's HyPerformer SLummtit New Northrup King Funk'Is Pennirnton Funk'Is AgraTech Pioneer Cargill Savanna 5* G-1711 PA 787 1330ODR HIT-126DR 2660 G-522A Penngra in DR** G-522DR * CX 712G * 8333 * R1090 ~ *Bird-resistant hybrid. **If the present trendi of these varieties continues, they will be dropped. -25- ybrid ACCEPTABLE HYBRIDS FOR 1990 All acceptable hybrids have been tested for 3 consecutive years in the region listed. All of the acceptable hybrids are not equal in performance. It is suggested that this report be carefully studied before choosing a hybrid. The hybrids are listed in descending order of 3-year-average yield for each region. SOUIERN AIABAMA Brand name Hybrid Funk ' s Summit New Northrup King New Northrup King Cargill Cargill FFR AgraTech Pennington Pioneer Cargill Funk' s Funk's AgraTech G-522DR HT-126ER 2660 Savanna 5 * 6670 R1090 321 GK 802G Penngrain DR 8333 4462 * G-522A ** G-1711 ** GK 712G ** *Bird-resistant hybrid. **If the present trend of these varieties continues, they will be dropped. -26-