ALAUAMA I II .rn b...... JANUARY 1976 DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY & SOILS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION R. DENNIS ROUSE, Director DEPARTMENTAL SERIES NO. 26 AUBURN UNIVERSITY AUBURN, ALABAMA 1975 ALABAMA COTTON VARIETY REPORT 1/ A Report of the Performance of Cotton Varieties Tested at Nine Locations in Alabama During 1975 Wiley C. Johnson- / The Alabama Cotton Variety Test is a continuing evaluation of available cotton varieties from both private companies and state experiment stations. Breeding lines that are likely to be released as varieties are also tested. All tests are conducted on units of the Agricultural Experiment Station by Experiment Station personnel. All phases of culture are as generally recom- mended by Auburn University to farmers. Every effort is made to test the varieties and present the data in an unbiased manner. Experimental Design and Plot Size A randomized block design in four replications was used at each of nine locations. Length of plots at different locations varied from 34 to 142 feet. All plots were single row. Seasonal Conditions Generally, weather conditions were satisfactory for successful estab- lishment; however, it was necessary to replant skips at the Tennessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina, and at the Wiregrass Substation, Headland. The entire growing season was exceptionally wet throughout the state and cool in northern Alabama. Cotton in all tests was more vegetative than normal, slow in fruiting and maturing, and in northern Alabama had numerous near-mature bolls killed by the first freeze. January 1976 2--Professor, Department of Agronomy and Soils Frequent rains and excessive vegetative growth made insect control difficult and not completely effective. Data from the tests at Auburn and at the Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville, are not included in this re- port because of atypically low yields (average of 102 pounds lint) and extreme variation within the tests. Explanation of Data Yield of Seed Cotton: Tests at Prattville, Tallassee, Belle Mina, Brewton, and Monroeville were harvested by a mechanical spindle picker. Tests at Winfield and Headland were harvested by hand. Average weight of seed cotton per acre was determined by each variety at each location. Lint Percentage: A sample of seed cotton from each variety at each location was taken at harvest and ginned on a 10-saw gin. Lint percentage was calcu- lated by dividing weight of lint by weight of seed cotton. Yield of Lint: Lint yield was determined by multiplying the lint percentage by yield of seed cotton. Fiber Properties: Measurements of fiber properties are not available at this time. A supplement to this report will be made when this information is available. Earliness: Where more than one harvest was made, earliness is reported as the percentage of the total yield harvested at the first picking. Fusarium Wilt: Reaction of varieties to Fusarium wilt was evaluated at the Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee, by growing the varieties in fields with a high natural incidence of Fusarium wilt. Results of these tests vary from year to year and also from different areas of the field in the same year. Therefore, several years' data are necessary to realistically characterize a variety's wilt reaction. These data are summarized in Table 7. Auburn 56 is the only variety tested each year that has been highly resistant. Stoneville 213 and Hancock have consistently shown a large incidence of wilt. All other varieties that have been tested for at least 3 years have some tolerance to Fusarium wilt. Judgment of resistance should be made on as many years' data as available. New and Experimental Varieties Coker 304 (previously tested as Coker 8304) is similar to Coker 310 but somewhat earlier to mature. Seed will not be generally available until 1977. Deltapine 55 is a new variety that has been evaluated in previous reports as Deltapine 652 and Deltapine 652-679-72. It is similar in performance to Deltapine 16 but slightly earlier in maturity. Seed will be in short sup- ply for 1976 but should be generally available in 1977. Coker 1104, Coker 530, Deltapine 67101-11, Deltapine 6829, McNair 3033, Stoneville 106, Stoneville 504, and Stoneville 6049 are breeding lines included in the variety tests for evaluation and are not released varieties. Statistical Analysis Appropriate analyses of the yield data were made. For each location, the variability of the test was calculated and is expressed as a percentage of the test mean, coefficient of variation (CV.). Also, an indication of the difference between variety means necessary to be a real difference is given, Least Significant Difference (L.S.D..05 o Acknowledgment I wish to express my appreciation to Dr. A. J. Kappelman, Jr., for Fusarium wilt ratings, to superintendents J. K. Boseck, J. T. Eason, Robert Moore, J. G. Starling, F. T. Glaze, Emmett Carden, and J. W. Langford for growing and harvesting the variety tests, and to Research Data Analysis for assistance in summarizing the data. Table 1. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, 1975 Yield of lint per acre Lint percentage y Belle Mina Winfield Av. Belle Mina Winfield Aw> Lb. Lb. Pct. Pct. pct. Deltapine 67101-11 914 440 677 41 40 41 Deltapine 55 809 485 647 44 44 Deltapine 6829 732 536 634 40 41 41 Delcot 277 682 500 591 38 41 40 Coker 304 629 543 586 42 44 43 Coker 1104 624 525 575 40 42 41 Deltapine 45A 614 515 565 41 42 42 Coker 310 675 453 564 41 43 42 Hancock 692 434 563 40 41 41 Deltapine 16 599 504 552 40 42 41 McNair 612 512 577 545 41 44 43 Stoneville 213 543 542 543 40 41 41 Dixie King IIT 571 506 539 40 42 41 Stoneville 603 639 430 535 38 40 39 Deltapine 25 549 517 533 42 42 42 Coker 417 595 470 533 40 41 41 Stoneville 106 670 389] 530 34 40 McNair 3033 578 477 528 40 41 41 McNair 210 595 459 527 36 39 38 Auburn 56 558 447 503 37 39 38 Coker 201 492 508 500 40 44 42 Empire WR-61 536 414 475 38 39 39 Stoneville 504 525 391 458 40 41 41 McNair 511 382 394 388 38 39 39 (The following variety was not tested at both locations) Stoneville 6049 652 39 L.S.D.o0 115 123 C.V. a13,3: 18.6' Table 20 Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, Two-year Average, 1974-75 Yield of lint per acre Average lint Variety Belle Mini Crossville* Winfield Av. percentage Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pot Delcot 277 758 639 511 635 39 Hancock 728 573 457 588 40 Deltapine 55 803 329 492 534 43 Coker 1104 662 564 481 570 40 Coker 304 621 514 513 556 43 Coker 201 584 499 502 534 41 Deltapine 16 626 507 451 532 40 Deltapine 45A 595 444 499 526 40 McNair 210 608 506 444 522 38 Stoneville 213 602 417 465 510 40 McNair 612 492 529 516 509 42 Dixie King III 549 433 490 502 41 Coker 310 599 463 422 502 41 Coker 417 619 383 441 500 40 Auburn 56 530 433 468 485 38 Stoneville 603 569 418 413 476 39 Deltapine 25 498 394 437 452 41 McNair 511 373 617 417 439 40 1974 data only Table 3. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, Three-year Average, 1973-1975 Yield of lint per acre Average lint Variety Belle Mina Crossville* Winfield Av. percentage Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Delcot 277 771 509 503 605 40 Hancock 721 540 499 592 42 Deltapine 55 803 317 515 573 43 Coker 304 632 470 514 548 44 Stoneville 603 638 437 480 529 40 Stoneville 213 672 378 468 522 41 Dixie King 111 602 474 472 521 41 Deltapine 16 651 432 447 520 41 McNair 612 536 481 506 511 43. Auburn 56 563 440 495 507 39 Coker 201 592 441 463 506 43 McNair 210 596 446 441 501 39 Coker 310 633 435 399 496 43 Deltapine 45A 610 355 456 489 41 Coker 417 590 425 393 475 41 Deltapine 25 558 364 431 462 42 McNair 511 392 471 381 408 40 1973-l974 data only Table 4. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, 1975 Yield of lint per acreLitpreag Brew- Head Monroe- Pratt- Tallas- Brew- Head-Mno-Pat Tll Variety ton land vile yulle see AV. Earliness* ton land vle yl e Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct.Pt. Pct. P etcPt. Pa Av. Pct. Hancock Deltapine 16 Coker 1104 Deltapine 55 Deltapine 25 Dixie King III Coker 201 Stoneville 213 Epire WR-61 McNair 210 Stoneville603 Deltapine 45A Coker 310 Coker 530 McNair 511 Delcot 277 Auburn 56 McNair 612 Coker 304 Coker 417 Mc~air 3033 Deltapine 6829 Stoneville 504 683 591 700 668 687 646 625 699 604 655 537 620 657 695 660 629 708 683 724 665 560 762 572 Deltapine 67101-l1 Stoneville 6049 736 Stoneville 106 597 C.V. % 10.5 579 437 490 619 606 489 614 538 566 450 475 310 546 428 267 424 437 335 485 430 404 549 581 559 601 523 596 498 520 529 523 594 571 468 532 505 524 485 504 557 505 441 819 875 825 834 807 810 766 749 810 744 771 746 731 760 807 741 702 797 644 729 709 568 639 503 355 469 497 475 470 523 499 623 440 420 578 492 477 487 386 439 359 (The following 919 600 794 399 912 521 621 557 188 73 284 q 640 625 615 615 609 602 600 596 596 579 575 574 568 567 563 562 562 561 559 554 495 varieties 75 71 73 80 66 71 70 75 71 77 74 ;9 74 77 54 81 62 75 84 72 79 were 73 74 77 40 40 41 42 41 40 41 40 38 37 38 39 42 42 38 40 38 44 43 41 42 not tested 40 38 41 40 41 41 42 41 44 42 39 38 41., 39 42 42 41 39 38 44 42 39 42 40 41 40 41 40 40 42 38 37 38 39 40 42 42 41 40 38 44 43 41 40 at all locations) 40 38 91 185 11.2 26.~4 *Prattville location only. 42 42 42 43 42 11~ 43 41 40 38 40 41 42 43 41 41 38 44 42 42 43 43 43 43 43 42 43 43 42 43 40 39 40 40 43 42 43 38 46 39 45 46 43 39 42 45 47 43 46 44 43 44 44 41 37 42 45 46 45 42 45 39 43 42 42 45 44 42 43 43 44 9.0 %.w v -A -.10 1 J. J6 0 40 A %J * -x A Table 5. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, Two-year Average, 1974-75 Yield of lint per acre Au- Brew- Head- Monroe- Pratt- Tallas- Av. lint bariey burry ton land vil le vile Av. percentage Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Hancock --- 1,147 649 621 935 527 776 42 Deltapine 25 633 1,082 685 613 1,005 557 774 42 McNair 511 669 1,200 528 543 996 645 772 41 Coker 201 636 967 876 591 924 518 762 43 Dixie King I1L 663 1,093 616 677 961 499 759 41 Delcot 277 629 1,038 575 608 948 648 751 41 Stoneville 213 652. 1,028 655 570 945 594 749 41 Coker 1104 595 1,006 649 626 952 574 746 42 Coker 310 649 1,007 731 565 959 512 745 43 Deltapine 16 614 945 575 632 986 648 744 42 McNair 612 639 1,012 644 567 961 547 736 44 Coker 417 671 1,046 628 532 951 486 732 42 Deltapine 55 539 923 729 602 969 492 724 43 McNair 210 699 937 649 546 880 569 715 38 Deltapine 45A 612 998 604 384 903 518 711 41 Auburn 56 612 974 687 527 831 571 708 38 Stoneville 603 616 882 595 580 915 535 693 40 1974 data only Table 6. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, Three-year Average, 1973-75 Yield of lint per acre Au- Brew- Head- Monroe- Pratt- Tallas-Av. lint Variety burn* ton land ville vile sev rce Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Deltapine 25 730 1,005 719 694 959 656 798 43 McNair 511 674 1,138 579 648 921 757 793 41 Hancock 1,057 679 703 911 601 790 37 Coker 201 662 944 821 693 885 563 767 43 Stoneville 213 752 941 658 645 915 685 767 42 Dixie King 111 664 1,008 625 699 926 616 762 41 Deltapine 16 694 869 590 710 909 737 755 42 Coker 310 661 967 708 667 897 596 755 43 McNair 612 677 940 638 660 903 618 752 44 Deltapine 55 672 371 691 710 925 613 751 44 Delcot 277 606 926 573 726 885 725 748 41 Auburn 56 654 953 690 628 812 679 741 39 Deltapine 45A 655 911 653 664 863 624 733 41~ Stoneville 603 701 824 625 676 875 685 733 41 Coker 417 651 988 617 646 901 553 730 42 McNair 210 620 868 667 696 829 635 725 39 1973-1974 data only Table 7. Percentage of Plants Showig Symptoms of usarium Wit Average wilt percentage 2-yr 3-yr 4-yr 5yr 6-yr 7-yr8 Variety 1975 1974-75 1973-75 1972-75 1971-75 1970-75 1969-75 Auburn 56 23.7 29.4 29.4 24.5 23.2 27,0 24.2 Coker 201 52.5 34.6 24.5 22.4 28.3 35.8 36.1 Deltapine 16 16.0 19.0 18.3 20.1 27.7 37.1 36.1 Deltapine 45A 25.7 24.5 18.8 16.5 27.7 39.3 37.6 StoneviLle 213 49.7 44.6 55.2 49.2 49.8 57.3 61.2 Coker 310 30.5 25,1 32.3 26..7 35.5 29.6 26.8 Coker 417 24.5 24.6 28,5 28.9 32.9 35.7 38.2 Stoneville 603 10,2 22,8 20.7 20.7 26,4 28.5 26.7 Delcot 277 20.2 19.8 20.2 18.0 22.0 29.7 Deltapine 25 24.0 26.7 28.5 24.7 26.4 McNair 210 16.2 24.3 30.5 22.7 29.6 McNair 511 19.3 23.6 25.4 23.4 26.1 Coker 304 19.2 26.1 30.0 27.4 Deltapine 652 25.5 28.1 30.0 26.7 Dixie King III 29.7 19.2 26.8 Hancock 54.5 48.3 60.2 McNair 612 21.7 24.6 33.9 Coker 1104 35.7 25.4 Coker 530 49.2 Empire WR-61 47.0 Deltapine 67101 29.2 Deltapine 6829 13.7 Mc~air 3033 30.2 Stoneville 106 32.0 Stoneville 504 46.5 Stoneville 6049 23.5 1/ -Data were taken from a field severely infested with the rFusarium wilt fungus and root-kntn]tds ln Breeding Unit, Tallassee, Alabama. .. _. ... .