Fall
Co mmerc ia
Vegetable
/Ckrietv
plo,_;e!c R2'o No 1" June 19y-
A~h~t~ :;~u~udL\P01rimn" SI
2
tio; Jjmc.& E. NMrion, Dii ed:or Auburn lin \ ersit\. Alit-hama

Contents
A uthors ................................................................................................................................... 2
Introduction: Tips to Interpret Results
on Vegetable Variety Performance ........................................................................................ 3
'Packman' Again Among
the Top Broccoli Varieties ...................................................................................................... 5
'Bravo', 'Cheers,' and 'Wanda
Perform Well in Cabbage Trial .................................................. .................. 7
Leaf Lettuce Varieties
Do W ell in the Fall .... ........ ................................................................................................ 9
A Broad Selection of Pumpkins
Available for HalloNween ................. .11
Few Hot Pepper Varieties
Resistant to Bacterial Leaf Spot ..................................... 14
Colorful and Attractive:
Varieties of Ornamental Corn ....................................................................................... 16
First Evaluation
of W inter Squash Varieties ............................................................................................ 17
Results of 1996
Southernpea Cooperators' Trials .................................................................................. 18
Sweetpotatoes 'NC-C59' and 'NC-C75
Released as 'Carolina Rose' and 'Carolina Ruby' ...................................................... 19
Sponsors and Suppliers ....................................................................................................... 21
Locations of Participating Research Units .............................................................................. 22
Information contained in this publication is available to all regardless of race, color, sex. or national origin.
Authors
Eric Simonne
Assistant Professor
Department of Horticulture
(334) 844-4862
esimonne @ acesag.auburn.edu
Jeff Taylor
Graduate Research Assistant
Department of Horticulture
(334) 844-4862
Randy Akridge
Superintendent
Brewton Experiment Field
(334) 867-3139
Jim Bannon
Director
E.V. Smith Research Center
(334) 727-7403
Bobby Boozer
Area Horticulturist
Department of Horticulture
(205) 646-3610
Tony Dawkins
Superintendent
Sand Mountain Substation
(205) 528-7133
Brian Gamble
Assistant Superintendent
Wiregrass Substation
(334) 693-2363
Joe Kemble
Assistant Professor
Department of Horticulture
(334) 844-4862
Jim Pitts
Superintendent
Chilton Area Horticulture Substation
(205) 646-3610
Marvin Ruf
Associate Superintendent
Sand Mountain Substation
(205) 528-7133
Larry Wells
Superintendent
Wiregrass Substation
(334) 693-2363
Arnold Caylor
Superintendent
North Alabama Horticulture Substation
(205) 734-5820
Amy Simonne
Post-Doctoral Fellow
Department of Nutrition and Food Science
(334) 844-4261
Emmett Carden
Superintendent (retired)
Gulf Coast Substation
Ronnie McDaniel
Superintendent
Gulf Coast Substation
(334) 928-2740
John Owen
Superintendent
Piedmont Substation
(334) 896-4422
Malcomb Pegues
Assistant Superintendent
Gulf Coast Substation
(334) 928-2740
Fenny Dane
Assistant Professor
Department of Horticulture
(334) 844-4862
Gene Hunter
Senior Research Associate
Department of Horticulture
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 3
Introduction:
Tips to Interpret Results
on Vegetable Variety Performance
ERIC SIMONNE
The expansion of the vegetable industry in Alabama
particularly relies upon the usage of well-adapted, high-
yielding varieties with desirable characteristics and qual-
ity (Table 1). The importance of variety selection cannot
be over emphasized: effective marketing begins with
variety selection.
The main purpose of vegetable variety evaluation is
to provide growers and seed retailers with practical in-
formation on varieties and assist them in selecting a
"good" variety. Here are a few tips to get the most out of
vegetable variety trials results:
Open pollinated or hybrid varieties - In general,
hybrids (also referred to as Fl) are earlier and produce a
more uniform crop. They have improved disease, pest,
or virus tolerance/resistance. F1 varieties are often more
expensive than open-pollinated varieties (OP), and seeds
cannot be collected from one crop to plant the next. De-
spite the advantages hybrids offer. OP are still often
planted in Alabama. Selecting a hybrid variety is the first
step toward earliness and quality.
Yield potential-- Yields reported
in variety trial results are extrapolated
from small plots. Depending on the
C 
TABLE 1. 
VE
crop, plot sizes range between 100 to
500 square feet. Yields per acre are es- Crop
timated by multiplying plot 
yields by Broccoli............
corrective factors ranging from 100 to Cantaloupe .......
1,000. Small errors are thus amplified, Collards 
............
and estimated yields 
per acre may not 
Cabbage ...........
Cucumber .........
be realistic. Therefore, one growing lo- Irish Potato ......
cation cannot be compared to another Lima Bean.......
by just looking 
at the range 
of yields Okra 
..................
r i 
Bell Pepper 
......
actually reported. However, the relative 
Pimento Pepper
differences in performance among va- 
Snap Bean .......
rieties are realistic, 
and can be used 
to Southernpea 
....
Summer Squasi
identify best-performing 
varieties. 
(Yellow) .....
Statistical interpretation - The 
Sweet Corn .....
coefficient of 
determination 
(R
2
), coef- Sweetpotato
ficient of variation 
(CV) and least 
sig- Watermelon.....
nificant difference (lsd) are reported for Zucchini 
Squas
each test. These numbers 
are helpful in Total.................
separating the differences 
due to small 'Data 
are from
partment of Ag
plots (sampling error) and true (but un- tistics Service
known) differences among entries, not available.
R
2 
ranges between 0 and 1. Values close to 1 suggest
that the test was conducted under good conditions, 
and
most of the variability observed was mainly due to the
effect of variety and replication. Random, uncontrolled
errors were of lesser importance. CV is an expression of
yield variability relative to yield mean. Low CVs are
desirable (under 20%), but are not always achieved.
There must be a minimum yield difference between
two varieties before one can statistically conclude that
one variety actually performs better than another. This is
known as the least significant difference. When the dif-
ference in yield is less than the lsd value, one cannot
conclude that there is any real difference between two
varieties. For example, in the 1996 cabbage trial con-
ducted at the Brewton Experiment Field, 'Bravo' yielded
16,497 pounds per acre, while 'CB-7' and 'Cheers'
yielded 16,464 and 
11,543 pounds per acre, 
respectively.
Since there was less than a 1,002 difference 
between
'Bravo' and 'CB-7', there is no statistical difference 
be-
tween these two varieties. However, the yield difference
between 'Bravo' and 'Cheers' was 4,954, indicating 
that
GETABLE ACREAGE SUMMARY FOR ALABAMA (1990-1994)
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
.................30 20 160 170 
140
........... 1,900 1,930 2,080 2,100 
2,110
.. 2,180 1,840 2,180 2,050 2,030
...............880 450 930 710 
590
.............e..420 560 820 350 1,180
.......... 13,550 8,500 11,770 11,160 
10,680
........... 1,450 1,500 1,730 1,440 
1,790
............ 1,530 1,120 880 870 
1,350
................270 490 840 290 440
............. 630 700 750 
490 400
............ 1.750 1.390 1,550 1,400 
1,550
............ 5.120 4,640 4,580 4,890 
4,860
............ 1,300 1,250 1,480 1,440 
1,360
............ 4,380 3.130 5,350 5,490 
5,770
............ 6,350 4,330 6,130 6,340 
6,420
............. 4,590 5,070 4,070 3,830 4,110
............ 9,600 11,040 12,820 13,080 
10,870
h...............40 40 110 100 
180
55,970 48.000 58,230 56,200 
55,830
Alabama Vegetable Production Statistics 1989-1994, 
by Alabama De-
riculture and Industries in cooperation with Alabama 
Agricultural Sta-
and the Alabama Cooperative Extension Service. Data 
since 1995 are
4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
TABLE 2. SOIL TYPES AT THE TRIAL LOCATIONS
Location Water-holding capacity Soil type
in./in.
Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) ........................................... 0.09-0.19 Malbis fine sandy loam
Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) ..................................... 0.12-0.14 Benndale fine sandy loam
Wiregrass Substation (Headland) ................. .................. ...... 0.14-0.15 Dothan sandy loam
Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden)............................................. 0.13-0.15 Forkland fine sandy loam
Horticultural Unit, EV Smith Research Center (Shorter)...................... 0.15-0.17 Norfolk-orangeburg loamy sand
Piedmont Substation (Camp Hill)............................................................. 0.12-0.14 Appling-Durham sandy loam
Chilton Area Horticulture Substation (Clanton)...................................... 0.13-0.15 Luvernue sandy loam
Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield) ........................................... 0.13-0.20 Savannah loam
North Alabama Horticulture Substation (Cullman) ................................ 0.16-0.20 Hartsells-Albertville fine 
sandy loam
Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) .................................................. 0.16-0.18 Wynnville fine sandy 
loam
there is a real difference between these two varieties.
From a practical point of view, producers should place
the most importance on Isd values when interpreting re-
sults.
Testing condition - AU vegetable variety trials
are conducted under standard, recommended commer-
cial production practices. If the cropping system to be
used is different from that used in the trials, the results of
the trials may not apply. Information on soil type (Table
2), planting dates, fertilizer rates and detailed spray sched-
ule are provided to help producers compare their own
practices to the standard one used in the trials, and make
relevant adjustments.
Ratings of Trials - At each location, variety trials
were rated on a 1-5 scale, based on weather conditions,
fertilization, irrigation, pest pres-
sure and overall performance
(Table 3). Results from trials with
ratings of 2 and under are not re- Rating Weather
ported. These numbers may be
used to interpret differences in per- 4 .......
Favorabl
formance from location to loca- 3 .................. Acceptab
tion. The overall 
rating may be 
2 .................. Adverse
1 ..................
Destructi
used to give more importance to
the results of variety performance under good growing
conditions.
Where to get seeds - Because seeds are alive, their
performance and germination rate depends on ho\w old
they are, where and how they were collected, and how
they have been handled and stored. It is always prefer-
able to get certified seeds from a reputable source, such
as the ones listed in the Appendix.
In conclusion, several factors other than yield have
to be considered when choosing a vegetable variety from
a variety trial report. The main factors are type, resis-
tance and tolerance to diseases, earliness and of course,
availability and cost of seeds. It is always better to try
two to three varieties on a small scale before making a
large planting 
of a single 
variety.
TABLE 3. DESCRIPTION OF RATINGS
r Fertilizer Irrigation Pests Overall
od Very Good Very Good None Excellent
e Good Good Light Good
tle Acceptable Acceptable Tolerable Acceptable
Low Low Adverse Questionable
ive Very Low Insufficient Destructive Useless
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 5
'Packman' Again Among Top
Broccoli Varieties
JEFF TAYLOR, ERIC SIMONNE, RANDY AKRIDGE, JIM BANNON, BOBBY BOOZER, TONY DAWKINS, BRIAN
GAMBLE, JOE KEMBLE, JIM PITTS, MARVIN RUF, AND LARRY WELLS
Broccoli variety trials were conducted using plastic
mulch and drip irrigation at the Brewton Experiment Field
(BEF) in Brewton, Wiregrass Substation (WS) in Headland,
Horticulture Unit of the E.V. Smith Research Center
(EVSRC) in Shorter, Chilton Area Horticulture Substation
(CAHS) in Clanton. and Sand Mountain Substation (SMS)
in Crossville (Tables 1 and 2). Broccoli was evaluated as a
first crop at BEF, WS, and SMS and as a second crop at
EVSRC and CAHS (Table 3).
Fertilization was done according to the recommenda-
tions of the Auburn University Soil Testing Laboratory.
Names of chemicals are mentioned only for describing the
production practices used. This represents neither a recom-
mendation nor an endorsement of these products. Current
recommendations for pest and weed control in vegetable
production in Alabama may be found in IPM Commercial
Vegetables: Insect, Disease, Nematode and Weed Control
Recommendations (Publication 961PM-2 from the Alabama
Cooperative Extension System).
At BEF, 900 pounds of 13-13-13 were preplant incor-
porated on Sept. 5. On Sept. 9, beds were fumigated using
98% Methyl Bromide and 2% Chloropicrin at a rate of 200
pounds per acre. Seedlings were transplanted on Sept. 19.
Fertilization (per acre) consisted of injections of 15 pounds
of N as calcium nitrate [Ca(NO,)] on Oct. 7, Oct. 22,
and Nov. 5 and as potassium nitrate (KNO,) on Oct. 15,
Oct. 28, and Nov. 12.
Insect control consisted of applications of Dipel (at
a rate of 1.5 pints per acre) applied on Oct. 17. Oct. 23
and Nov. 20; Sevin XLR (at a rate of one quart per acre)
on Nov. 27; Larvin (at a rate of two pints per acre) on
Oct. 2, Oct. 11. Oct. 17, Oct. 23, and Nov. 5. Fungicides
used were Bravo 720 (at a rate of 1.5 pints per acre) on
Oct. 2, Oct. 11, Oct. 17, Oct. 23, Nov. 5, and Nov. 27;
and Kocide 101 (at a rate of two pounds per acre) on
Nov. 20.
At WS, 500 pounds of 13-13-13 and two tons of
broiler litter were preplant broadcast (per acre) on Aug.
13. Plastic was laid on Aug. 14 and broccoli was trans-
planted on Sept. 11. Six and a half pounds of N as KNO3
were injected on Sept. 17, Oct. 1, Oct. 8. Oct. 14, Oct.
17, Oct. 23, Nov. 7, Nov. 14. and Nov. 21. Pest control
consisted of applications of Asana XL (insecticide, at a
rate of nine ounces per acre) and Bravo 720 (fungicide.
at a rate of three pints per acre) on Sept. 17, Sept. 23,
Oct. 9, and Oct. 31.
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF 1996
BROCCOLI VARIETY TRIALS 1
Location BEF WS EVSRC CAHS SMS
W eather ............... 5 5 5 5 5
Fertility .............. 5 5 5 5 5
Irrigation ............. 5 5 5 5 5
Pests ..................... 5 5 5 5 5
Overall ................ 5 5 5 5 5
'See introduction for a description of rating scales.
At SMS, one ton of dolomitic limestone and 300 pounds
of 13-13-13 were preplant broadcast applied on Aug. 23
and 26, respectively. Ten pounds of N as 20-20-20 were
injected on Sept. 23, Oct. 7, and Oct. 25. Injections of 14
pounds of N as Ca(NO
3
), were made on Oct. 1 and 17; and
an injection of six pounds of N as KNO, was made on Oct.
11. Pest control consisted of applications of Sevin (insecti-
cide at a rate of one pint per acre) on Sept. 12, Sept. 20,
Sept. 25, and Oct. 17; Asana XL (insecticide) at a rate of six
ounces per acre on Oct. 2 and 4, and at a rate of nine ounces
per acre on Oct. 11 and 24: and Bravo 720 (fungicide, at a
rate of on Sept. 20.
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE, EARLINESS, AND DISEASE
TOLERANCE/RESISTANCE OF BROCCOLI VARIETIES
Variety Type, Seed Earliness Disease
source claims:
Arcadia ................. Fl Sakata 86 DM
Barbados .............. Fl Ferry-Morse 62 -
Claudia ........... FI Ferry-Morse 70 DM
Eureka .................. Fl Stokes 87 BR, DM
Excelsior.............. F Harris 
- -
Gallant .................. F Sakata 
- -
Galeon .................. F1 Petoseed 
75 -
Greenbelt ............. Fl Sandoz Rogers/Sakata 
75 -
Green Comet........ FI Takii 75 -
Landmark ............. F1 Takii 66 -
Legend ............... FI Sakata 85 DM
Mariner ................. F Petoseed 77 BLS, 
DM
Olympus ............... F1 Takii
Packman...............FI Petoseed/Stokes 78 -
Paragon ................ F1 Stokes 75 -
Pinnacle.......F1 Takii 68 DM
Premium Crop ..... F Takii/Stokes 82 
DM
IFI = hybrid.
:DM = downy mildew, BR = black rot: BLS = bacterial leaf spot; 
and
= not available.
6 
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION
TABLE 3. CROPPING SYSTEMS
USED IN BROCCOLI EVALUATION
Location Plastic No. No. drip Stand Previous
color rows/bed tapes/bed crop
BEF.......... Black 2 1 18.000 None
WS ........... White 3 2 27,000 None
EVSRC .... White 3 2 27,000 
Muskmelon
CAHS......Black 2 1 18,000 Muskmelon
SMS ......... Black 3 2 27,000 
None
At EVSRC, cantaloupe vines from the spring 
crop were
mowed in August and new holes were 
punched for broccoli
establishment. Fertilization consisted of injections 
of six
pounds of N per acre, from a liquid Ca(NO
3
)
2 
solution (9-0-
0-11) on Sept. 11, and 20 pounds per 
acre on Sept. 25 and
Oct. 9. A 20-20-20 fertilizer was injected 
on Sept. 18, Oct.
1, and Oct. 15 at a rate of 14 pounds of N per 
acre. Insect
control consisted of applications of Dipel 
(one pound per
acre) on Sept. 11, Sept. 25, Oct. 3, Oct. 
9, and Oct. 15;
Diazinon AG500 (two quarts per acre) on Sept. 11; and,
Asana XL (eight ounces per acre) on Sept. 18.
At CAHS, cantaloupe vines from the spring crop were
sprayed with Gramoxone (one quart per acre) and mowed
in August. Fertilization consisted of weekly injections 
of
approximately 10 pounds of N per acre from ammonium
nitrate (NH
4
NO
3
) and KNO
3
. A total of 112 pounds of N
per acre was injected.
Pest control consisted of applications of Lannate 
(in-
secticide, two pints per acre) applied on Sept. 23, Sept. 30,
Oct. 3, Oct. 5, and Oct. 28; Benlate (fungicide, 
0.5 pounds
per acre) and Captan (fungicide, five pounds 
per acre) on
Sept. 16; Ridomil/ Bravo (fungicide, two pints 
per acre);
and, Bravo (at a rate of two pounds per acre) on 
Oct. 15.
Broccoli heads were harvested when they reached 
six
inches in diameter. Harvest dates were Nov. 
18, Nov. 25,
Dec. 2, and Dec. 9 at BEF; 
Nov. 1, 5, 7, and 15 
at WS; Nov.
5, 7, 15, 18, 22, and 27 at EVSRC; Nov. 
20, Nov. 27, and
Dec. 6 at CAHS; and Nov. 20, Nov. 27, 
and Dec. 6 at SMS.
Marketable weight (in numbers of 23-pound 
cartons) and
corresponding number of heads were recorded 
(Table 4).
TABLE 4. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF 
BROCCOLI VARIETIES IN SOUTH ALABAMA 
'
Variety Marketable Marketable 
Marketable Variety 
Marketable Marketable Marketable
23-lb. cartons yield 
heads 23-lb. 
cartons yield heads
no./a. 1b./a. no./a. 
no.a. lb./a. no./a.
Brewton Experiment Field 
E.V. Smith Research Center (continued)
Gallant ........................ 208 4,780 15,260 
Olympus ..................... 202 4,654 12.847
PSX 10990 ................. 198 4.556 12,099 
Excelsior ................... 197 4.529 
12.847
Packman ..................... 196 4.502 
13,843 Gallant ........................ 193 
4.436 13.065
Premium Crop ........... 182 4.175 13,298 
Green Comet.............. 157 3,612 6,750
Green Com et.............. 167 3,842 12,535 
R ....................... .......... 0.47 
0.62
Landmark ................... 149 3,434 10,028 
CV ........................ 25 
26
Pinnacle ..................... 122 2, 8 12 11,118 
lsd .............................. 2,185 
5.126
Greenbelt ................... 116 2,676 8.284 
Chilton Area Horticulture Substation
R .................... ....... 0.62 0.69n 
..................... 1 2 3, 7 0 14,
sd......................1,002 
2,332 Olympus ..................... 
133 3,052 13.734
Paragon ...................... 127 2,910 13,516
Wiregrass Substation PSX 10990................. 
124 2,856 13,625
Premium Crop ........... 252 5,795 
37,620 Green Comet .............. 101 
2,333 15,805
Packman .............. 237 5.447 
45,463 Mariner ......................... 86 
1.984 13.298
Galeon ........................ 224 5,156 
45,754 Legend ............ 73 
1,668 13,298
PSX 10990 .............. 217 4,982 
24,112 Barbados ................... 49 
1,123 13,516
Legend ...... ..... 177 4,067 
24,547 Arcadia...........32 
741 10,900
Paragon ...... ........ 174 3,994 
31,810 Eureka ..... ................ 
30 698 10.137
Landmark ................ 155 3,573 
22.223 R'...........0.88 
0.64
Barbados ................. 144 3,312 
21,352 CV .........................
19 10
Greenbelt ................................ 
578 1,883
Eureka ..................... 110 2.527 16,994 
Sand Mountain Substation
Pinnacle ...................... 110 2,527 19,609 Packman ...................... 89 4.358 18,883
Arcadia ......................... 99 2,280 19,609 Olym pus ..................... 177 4,067 
18,302
R .......................0.64 0.74 Paragon ...................... 169 3,878 
18,011
CV ............................... 26 25 PSX 10990 ................. 165 3,806 18,156
sd .............................. 
1,435 9, 734Green 
Comet. 135 
3,108 21,061
Green Comet .............. 135 3,108 21,061
E.. Smith Research Center Mariner 
....... ........... 15 2,644 17.721
Mariner ...................... 334 7,672 
19.380 Legend .......................... 
97 2,222 17,721
Landmark ................... 324 7,444 
17.202 Barbados ...................... 
65 1.496 18,011
Legend ........................ 302 6,944 
19,598 Arcadia ........................ 
43 988 14,525
Galeon ........................ 252 5.799 
14,372 Eureka .......................... 
40 930 13,508
Packm an ..................... 242 5,555 
7,404 R ................................. 
0.87 0.64
Greenbelt .................. 235 5,406 
12.412 CV .. ...................
19 10
Claudia ....................... 224 
5.1.52 14.154 
lsd............................... .578 
1.883
'See the introduction for information 
on interpreting the statistical 
analysis - R
,
CV. and lsd.
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXP.ERIMENT STATION
6
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 7
'Bravo, .'Cheers, and 'Wanda'
Perform Well in Cabbage 
Trial
ERic SIMONNE, RANDY AKRIDGE, ARNOLD CAYLOR, AND JOE KEMBLE
Cabbage variety trials were conducted using plastic
mulch and drip irrigation at the Brewton Experiment Field
(BEF) in Brewton and North Alabama Horticulture Sub-
station (NAHS) in Cullman (Tables 1 and 2).
Soils were fertilized according to the recommenda-
tions of the Auburn University Soil Testing Laboratory.
Names of chemicals are mentioned only for describing
the production practices used. This represents neither a
recommendation nor an endorsement of these products.
Current recommendations for pest and weed control in
vegetable production in Alabama may be found in IPM
Commercial Vegetables: Insect, Disease, Nematode and
Weed Control Recommendations (Publication 96IPM-2
from the Alabama Cooperative Extension System).
At both locations, six-week-old cabbage was trans-
planted in staggered, double rows 12 inches apart at an
in-row spacing of 12 inches. Beds were five feet apart.
Plots were 20 feet long and con-
tained 40 plants, which created
a stand of approximately 18,000 
TABLE
plants per acre. Transplanting 
RESISTANCE
dates were Sept. 19 at BEF 
and Variety
Sept. 23 at NAHS.
At BEF, 900 pounds-per-
acre of 13-13-13 were preplant Atlantis.............................
incorporated on Sept. 5. On Blue Gem .........................
Sept. 9, beds were fumigated 
Blue Thunder...................
Blue Vantage....................
with 98% M ethyl Bromide and Bravo ................................
2% Chloropicrin at a rate of 200 Cheers...............................
pounds per acre. Fertilization 
Early Marvel ....................
F ortress ...........................
consisted of 15 pounds per acre Green Cup .................
of N injected as calcium 
nitrate Greenstart ........................
Pacifica ...................
[Ca(NO
3
)
2
] on Oct. 7, Oct. 22, Quick Start .......................
and Nov. 5, and as potassium Royal Vantage ................
nitrate (KNO,) on Oct. 15, Oct. Survivor...........................
T ris ta r ..................... ........ ..
28, and Nov. 12. Wanda ...............................
Insect control consisted of
applications of Dipel 
(at a rate China Flash......................
K asum i ............................
of 1.5 pints per acre) applied on Pak Choi-Lei Choi .........
Oct. 17, Oct. 23, and Nov. 20; Shinki ..............................
Sevin XLR 
(at a rate 
of one Summertime 
II ...............
Y u k i .................................
quart per acre) on Nov. 27 'F=hbridOP=open
Larvin (at a rate of two pints per 
2
FY = fusarium yellows: B
acre) on Oct. 2, Oct. 11, Oct. 17, spot: 
WS = white spot: DP
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF 1996
CABBAGE VARIETY TRIALS
Location BEF NAHS
W eather .................. ......... 5 5
Fertility .... .... ......... 5 5
Irrigation ...................... 5 5
Pests ............................... ......... 5 5
O verall ................................ 5 5
'See introduction for a description of rating scales.
Oct. 23, and Nov. 5. Fungicides used were Bravo 720 (at
a rate of 1.5 pints per acre) on Oct. 2, Oct. 11, Oct. 17,
Oct. 23, Nov. 5, and Nov. 27; and Kocide 101 (at a rate
of two pounds per acre) on Nov. 20.
At NAHS, 500 pounds of 13-13-13 were applied on
Sept. 11. Between Sept. 19 and Nov. 1, cabbage plants
2. SEED SOURCE, EARLINESS, AND DISEASE
,/TOLERANCE OF SELECTED CABBAGE VARIETIES
Type' Head Seed Days to 
Disease
color source harvest claims:
Head Cabbage
* Fl Green Petoseed -
* F1 Green Harris Seeds 70 FY,BR
* FI Green Harris Seeds 80 FY.BR
. FI Green Sakata 90 FY,BR.TB
* F1 Green Harris Seeds 85 FY.BR
. Fl Green Takii 75 BR,FY
. OP Green Stokes 95 none
F1 Green Ferry-Morse 99 BR,FY
. FI Green Takii 82 BR,FY
. FI Green Stokes 85 none
SFl Green Sakata 93 FY,BR.TB
SF1 Green Takii - -
.. Fl Green Sakata 88 BLS,BRFY,TB
SFl Green Stokes 85 
BR,FY
Fl Green SeedWay 95 BR,FY
. Fl Green Nunhems - -
Oriental Cabbage
.. FI Napa Sakata 78 
TB
.. Fl Napa Stokes 74 
-
. OP Pakchoi Sandoz Rogers 77 
-
.. Fl Napa Takii 75 -
Fl Napa Stokes 67 
ALS.DM.WS
Fl Napa Sakata 67 CR
)ollinated
R = black rot: TB = tip burn: BLS = bacterial leaf spot: ALS 
= alternia leaf
M1 = downy mildew: CR = club root, and -= not available.
8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
were weekly fertilized with injections alternatively from were harvested with four wrapper leaves 
and graded ac-
ammonium nitrate (NH NO,) and Ca(N0
3
),. Injections cording to United States Standards for Grades 
of Cab-
rates varied between three and 11 pounds of N per acre. 
bage (U.S. Department of Agriculture 46 FR 63203).
Total N injected was 60 pounds of N per acre. Pest con- 
Harvest dates were Dec. 2, 9, and 16 at BEF, and Nov.
trol consisted of an application of Asana XL (insecticide, 
29 and Dec. 6 at NAKS. Marketable weight (in numbers
at a rate of 9.6 ounces per acre) on Sept. 13. 
of 50-pound cartons) and corresponding number of 
heads
When they reached marketable size, cabbage heads 
were recorded (Table 3).
TABLE 3. 1996 CABBAGE VARIETY TRIAL RESULTS 
I
Variety Actual Actual 
Actual Actual Actual Actual 
Adjusted
marketable marketable marketable pct. 
Cull pct. marketable
50-lb. cantons yield heads marketable 
yield stan d 50-lb. boxes
120./a.
Green Start ....... ........503
Wanda .................... ...... 503
Bravo ................... ........ 330
CB-7 ....................... ...... 329
Tristar ..................... ...... 314
PX 18589 ......... ........ 261
Cheers ........... ........231
Pacifica .................. ...... 182
Blue Ridge................153
Atlantis ...I............... ...... 128
Survivor ................. ...... 52
Royal Vantage ....... ....... 49
Early Marvel ...... ......... 17
R ....................... ........
lsd .................... .......
Summertime 1 ................. 1,882
Kasumi .......................... 1,708
China Flash.....................1,655
Shinki.......I...................... 1,618
Yuki ..................... ...... 1.478
Pak Choi-Lei Choi ......... ,022
FMX 552 ....................... 496
Cheers.............................. 481
FMIX 551 ............................ 4 62
Bravo ............................... 446.
Blue Thunder ..................... 433
Blue Jem ............................ 422
Blue Vantage ................... 416
FMX 553 .......................... 371
Green Cup ..................... 366
Atlantis ............................ 356
Royal Vantage .............. 2177
SCB 3319 ...................... 1272
Quick Start ................. 258
Fortress ..................... 2115
CV ................................
lsd.................................
lb/a. no/a.14,.
Brewton Experiment Field
Head Cabbage
25,163 11,118 62
25,152 11,445 64
16,497 9,592 93
16,464 10,137 56
15,685 7,739 43
13,053 6.976 39
11.543 6,431 36
9.080 4,142 23
7,652 3,924 22
6,404 4,033 22
2.600 1,635 9
2,474 1,853 10
861 545 3
0.90 0.88
25 26
4,207 2,156
North Alabama Horticulture Substation
Oriental Cabbage
94,089 16,132 89
85,412 16,895 91
82.775 16,132 89
80,878 16,350 90
73,880 16,895 91
51,099 16,350 90
Head Cabbage
24,781 16,.023 89
24, 035 14,933 83
023.210 12,644 70
22,28 5 15,369 86
2 1,658 14,497 81
21,089 1-3.298 74
20,775 14,279 79
18,64 13,516 75
18,32 3 14,824 8 2
17,82 3 13.734 76
13,832 13,625 76
13,603 11,009 61
12,899 8,829 49
10.7747 10.791 60
0.97 0.67
16 1 2
7,970 2.490
See the introduction for information on interpreting 
the statistical analysi~s - R2, CV. and lsd.
lb/1a. pct.
98
93
45
42
93
90
97
76
91
91
93
95
89
98
98
95
96
98
99
278
278
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,377
747
300
785
774
360
2,458
1,749
1,597
986
1,428
1,204
1,6 24
1,085
2,180
1,134
1,858
1,046
2,126
5,701
3,483
no/1a.
792
766
598
566
706
666
623
787
671
579
576
495
585
2,151
1,798
1,790
1,903
1,555
1,363
541
555
533
507
519
552
508
475
432
470
354
433
516
346
99
98
81
97
95
89
92?
97
97
94
91
84
99
98
1 XX3 c)~ ()Xc~ Ih 1~~ XY
r/~~rr r\rr
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 9
Lettuce Varieties Do Well
in the Fall
ERIC SIMONNE, AMY SIMONNE, JIM BANNON, ARNOLD 
CAYLOR, TONY DAWKINS,
BRIAN GAMBLE, MARVIN RUF, AND LARRY WELLS
Lettuce variety trials were conducted at the 
Wiregrass
Substation (WS) in Headland, Horticulture 
Unit at E.V.
Smith Research Center (EVSRC) in Shorter, 
North Ala-
bama Horticulture Substation (NAHS), and 
Sand Moun-
tain Substation (SMS) in Crossville (Tables 
I and 2).
Lettuce was grown as a first crop at SMS and 
NAHS and
as a second crop at WS and EVSRC (Table 3).
At all locations, six-week-old lettuce 
plants were
transplanted in staggered rows 12 
inches apart at an in-
row spacing of 12 inches. Plastic-mulched, drip-irrigated
plots were 12 feet long. At SMS, two staggered 
rows
were planted on each bed, while at WS and EVSRC 
three
staggered rows were planted. Beds 
were five feet apart.
Transplanting dates were Sept. 12 at WS and 
Sept. 11 at
EVSRC, NAHS, and SMS.
Soils were fertilized according to the recommenda-
tions of the Auburn University Soil Testing 
Laboratory.
Names of chemicals are mentioned only 
for describing
the production practices used. This represents 
neither a
recommendation nor an endorsement 
of these products.
Current recommendations for pest and 
weed control in
vegetable production in Alabama may be found 
in IPAI
Commercial Vegetables: Insect, Disease, Nematode 
and
Weed Control Recommendations (Publication 
96IPM-2
from the Alabama Coop-
erative Extension Sys-
tem).
At WS, 500 pounds
of 13-13-13 and two tons
of broiler litter per acre
were preplant applied on
Aug. 13. On Aug. 14 plas-
tic was laid. Seven pounds
per acre of N as potassium
nitrate (KNO) were in-
jected weekly on Sept. 17,
Oct. 1, Oct. 8, and Oct. 23.
Asana XL (insecticide, at
a rate of nineof nine ounces per
acre) and Bravo 720 (fun-
gicide, at a rate of three
pints per acre) were ap-
plied on Sept. 17. Sept.
23, and Oct. 9.
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF 1996
LETTUCE VARIETY TRIALS
Location WS EVSRC 
NAHS SMS
W eather ........................ 5 5 
5 5
Fertility ....... ............ 5 5 
5
Irrigation .....................
5 5
Pests .............................. 5 5 
5 5
O verall ......................... 5 5
'See introduction for a description of rating scales.
At EVSRC, bell pepper plants were 
removed and
new holes were punched for lettuce 
establishment. Fer-
tilization consisted of injections of six 
pounds per acre
of N from a liquid calcium nitrate 
[Ca(NO3)
2
] solution
(9-0-0-11) on Sept. 11 and 20 pounds 
per acre on Sept.
25 and Oct. 9. A 20-20-20 fertilizer was 
injected on Sept.
18, Oct. 1, and Oct. 15 at a rate of 13 pounds 
of N per
acre. Insect control consisted of applications 
of Dipel (one
pound per acre) on Sept. 11, Sept. 
25, Oct. 3, Oct. 9, Oct.
15, and Oct. 22; Diazinon AG500 
(two quarts per acre)
on Sept. 11; and Asana XL (eight ounces 
per acre) on
Sept. 18.
At NAHS, preplant fertilization consisted 
on an ap-
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE, EARLINESS, 
AND DISEASE RESISTANCE
/TOLERANCE OF SELECTED LETTUCE 
VARIETIES
Variety Seed 
Days to Head Leaf 
Disease
source harvest type 
color claims'
Aquarius ............................. Sakata 60 
Butterhead Green
Augustus ..................... Petoseed 
72 Romaine Green 
CR.LMV,TB
Big Curl. .................. Vilmorin 68 
Maraichere Green -
Cabernet Red.........Asgrow 
66 Looseleaf Red
Epic ............................. 
akata 
65 
Crisphead 
Green
Gemini ................................ Sakata 
65 Crisphead Green 
TB,LMV
Greengo... ................ Asgro -
Looseleaf Green
Legacy ................................. Takii 
- Crisphead Green
Optima ... ................ Vilmorin 
55 Butterhead Green 
DM,LM
Nevada .. ................. Vilmorin 58 
Batavia Green DM,LMVTB
New Red Fire ................ Takii 
45 Leaf Red
Salinas 88 Supreme .......... Sakata 
65 Crisphead Green 
LMV
Sangria MTO .............. Vilmorin 
55 Butterhead Red 
DM,TB.LMV
Slobolt M.I ................... Harris Seeds 
48 Looseleaf Green 
-
Redprize...................Ferry-Morse 
46 Looseleaf Green/Red 
TB
Red Sails.....................Petoseed 
45 Looseleaf Red 
None
'CR = club root: LMV = lettuce 
mosaic virus: TB = tip burn; DMNI 
= downy mildew; and = not available.
10 
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION
TABLE 3. CROPPING SYSTEMS IN LETTUCE EVALUATION
Location Plastic No. No. drip Stand Previous
color rows/bed tapes/bed 
crop
WS ............ White 3 2 27.000 Tomato, Squash
EVSRC ........ White 3 2 27,000 Bell Peppers
NAHS .......... Black 2 1 18,000 None
SMS.............Black 3 2 27,000 None
TABLE 4. YIELD OF SELECTED LETTUCE VARIETIES
Variety Marketable Marketable 
Marketable Cull Percent
yield heads 50-lb. boxes wt. stand
lb./a. no./a no./a.
Wiregrass Substation
Legacy ............. 13,789 13,169 549
Salinas 88
Supreme .......... 11.373 10,458 436
Epic .................. 9,219 7,747 323
Optima ........... 7,088 24,983 1.041
Nevada ................. 6.987 24.838 1,035
Greengo ........... 6,798 24,402 1.017
Red Prize .............. 5,791 23,821 993
Cabernet Red ........ 5.171 25,564 1,065
New Red Fire ....... 4,590 19,754 823
Slobolt M.1 .......... 4,241 19,560 815
Big Curly. ......... 3,951 24,983 1,041
FMX 2155 ......... 2,130 16,849 702
R ....................... 0.59 0.74
CV .................... 51 25
Isd ........... 11.775 14.607
E. V. Smith Research Center
Legacy ................ 18,655 25695 1,071
Augustus ............ 18,221 25,695 1,071
Salinas 88 S........ 17,169 25.477 1,062
Epic .................... 15,566 25.695 1,071
Sangria MTO...... 13,534 24,824 1,034
Gemini .............. 12, 101 25,259 1,052
Aquarius ............. 11090 24.824 1.034
Red Sails .............. 8.801 17,202 717
R
2
................ 0.48 0.91
CV ...... ...... 28 4
lsd.................... 2.670 1,432
North Alabama Horticulture Substation
Augustus ............ 17,271 13,189 550
Nevada ............... 11,663 16,568 690
Sierra .................... 9,390 16.677 695
Red Sails .............. 9,347 14,388 600
Salanca GM .......... 7,864 12.971 540
R: ....................... 0.45 0.33
CV ....................... 38 18
lsd ................. 6.392 3,976
Sand Mountain Substation
Salinas 88 S ....... 19,239 21.780 908
Gemini .............. 19,203 22.688 945
Nevada ............... 15,954 22,869 953
Cabernet Red ...... 14,556 25.410 1,059
Sangria MTO...... 11,707 19,421 809
New Red Fire ....... 6.843 21.599 900
FMX 2155 ............ 5,.046 17,787 741
R ....................... 0.45 0.13
CV ........................ 53 30
lsd .................. 13,224 12,278
lb./a.
- 50
- 40
- 30
- 93
- 91
- 96
- 64
0
77
0
0
0
0
1,443
5,545
5,096
16
104
1,046
976
0
36
290
0
36
36
889
98
98
98
98
95
97
95
66
100
100
100
98
100
100
100
100
100
90
100
81
'See the introduction for information on interpreting the statistical analysis -
R . CV. and Isd.
plication of 500 pounds per acre of 13-13-13
on Sept. 10. Between Sept. 19 and Nov. 1, let-
tuce plants were weekly fertilized with injec-
tions alternatively from ammonium nitrate
(NH
4
NO
3
) and Ca(N0
3
)
2
. Weekly injections
rates varied between three and 11 pounds of
N per acre. Total N injected was 60 pounds of
N per acre.
At SMS, preplant fertilization con-
sisted of 13-13-13 broadcast on Aug. 26. Lime
was broadcast incorporated at a rate of one
ton per acre on Aug. 23. A 20-20-20 fertilizer
was injected at a rate of 10 pounds of N per
acre on Sept. 23, Oct. 7, and Oct. 25. 
Ca(N0
3
)-
at a rate of 14 pounds of N per acre was in-
jected on Oct. 1 and 17; KNO, at a rate of six
pounds of N per acre was injected on Oct. 11.
Insect control consisted of applications of
Sevin XLR (at a rate of one pint per acre) ap-
plied on Sept. 12, Sept. 20, Sept. 25, and Oct.
17; Asana XL (at a rate of six ounces per acre)
applied on Sept. 2 and 4; and Asana XL (at a
rate of nine ounces per acre) applied on Sept.
I I and 24. Bravo (fungicide, at a rate of one
pint per acre) was applied on Sept. 20.
When they reached marketable size.
lettuce were harvested and graded according
to the U.S. Standards for Grades of Romaine
(U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Publication 60-
6130). Harvest dates were Nov. 7 and 16 at
WS; Oct. 21 at EVSRC; Oct. 25 and Nov. 5 at
SMS; and Oct. 24 at NAHS. Yields were ex-
pressed in 50-pound boxes of 24 units (Table
4) calculated by dividing the number of mar-
ketable heads by 24. Heads were culled be-
cause of bolting or insufficient head size.
10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
11
A Broad Selection of Pumpkins
Available for Halloween
ERIC SIMONNE, JIM BANNON, EMMETT CARDEN, 
ARNOLD CAYLOR, TONY DAWKINS, BRIAN GAMBLE, 
JOE
KEMBLE, RONNIE MCDANIEL, JOHN OWEN, MALCOMB 
PEGUES, MARVIN RUF, AND LARRY WELLS
Pumpkin variety trials were conducted 
at the Gulf
Coast Substation (GCS) in Fairhope, Wiregrass 
Sub-
station (WS) in Headland, Horticulture Unit 
at the E.V.
Smith Research Center (EVSRC) in Shorter, 
Piedmont
Substation (PS) in Camp Hill, North Alabama 
Horti-
culture Substation (NAHS) in Cullman, 
and Sand
Mountain Substation (SMS) in Crossville 
(Tables 1 and
2).
Cultural practices for pumpkins 
are similar to
those for watermelon and cantaloupe. 
Pumpkins should
be grown with adequate amounts 
of fertilizer, water,
and pest control.
Soils were fertilized according to the 
recommen-
dations of the Auburn University Soil 
Testing Labora-
tory. Names of chemicals are mentioned 
only for de-
scribing the production practices used. This 
represents
neither a recommendation nor an endorsement 
of these
products. Current recommendations for 
pest and weed
control in vegetable production 
in Alabama may be
found in IPM Commercial Vegetables: Insect, 
Disease.
Nematode and Weed Control Recommendations 
(Pub-
lication 96IPM-2 from the Alabama 
Cooperative Ex-
tension System).
At all locations, hills containing 
two plants each
were spaced 10 feet apart. Between-row 
spacing was
10 feet. Planting dates were July 
22 at GCS, July 18 at
WS, July 19 at EVSRC, July 
16 at PS, July 12 at
NAHS, and July 10 at SMS.
At GCS, fertilization consisted of 
an application
(per acre) of 500 pounds of a 10-10-10 
fertilizer. Pre-
plant herbicides were Curbit 3EC 
(at a rate of four
pints per acre) and Roundup 
(at a rate of two pints 
per
acre), both applied on July 22. On 
Aug. 12, plants were
sidedressed with 120 pounds of 
N per acre as ammo-
nium nitrate (NH
4
NO,). Pest control consisted of ap-
plications of Ambush 2E (insecticide, 
at a rate of 10
ounces per acre) on Aug. 5, 7, 13, 
and 20; Methyl Par-
athion (insecticide, at a rate of one 
quart per acre) on
Sept. 30; Sevin 80S (insecticide, 
at a rate of two pounds
per acre) on Sept. 5, 9, 20, and 24: 
Benlate 50WP (fun-
gicide, at a rate of 0.5 pounds per 
acre) on Aug. 7, 13,
20, and 29; and Bravo 720 (fungicide, 
at a rate of three
pints per acre) on Sept. 5, 9. 20, 
and 24.
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF
1996 PUMPKIN VARIETY TRIALS
Location GCS WS EVSRC PS 
NAHS SMS
Weather ....... 5 5 5 
5 5 5
Fertility. .....5 5 5 
5 5 5
Irrigation ..... 5 5 5 
5 5 5
Pests ............. 4 4 5 
4 5 4
Overall ........ 5 5 5 4 
5 5
'See introduction for a description of rating 
scales.
At WS, preplant fertilization consisted 
(per acre)
of 600 pounds of 13-13-13 applied on 
July 16. On Aug.
16, plants were sidedressed with 
60 pounds of N per
acre as NH
4
NO
3
. Asana XL (insecticide, at a rate 
of
nine ounces per acre) was applied 
on Sept. 9, Sept.
18, Sept. 23, and Oct. 9. Bravo 
720 (fungicide) was
applied on Aug. 19 at a rate of 
1.5 pints per acre and
on Aug. 28, Sept. 9, Sept. 18, 
Sept. 23, and Oct. 9 at a
rate of three pints per acre. Pumpkins 
were over-head
irrigated with one inch of water on 
Aug. 22.
At EVSRC, a 13-13-13 fertilizer 
was broadcast
applied preplant on July 9 to 
provide 50 pounds of N,
PO0 and KO20 per acre. Preplant 
herbicide was Prefar
4E applied on July 9 at a rate 
of 5.5 quarts per acre.
On Sept. 16, NH4NO was banded 
to provide 30 pounds
of N per acre.
Insect control at EVSRC was 
provided by appli-
cations ofAsana XL (at a rate 
of eight ounces per acre)
on Aug. 16; Terramil 6L (at a 
rate of 2.5 pints per acre)
on Aug. 23, Sept. 3, Sept. 11, 
Sept. 25, Oct. 3, Oct. 9,
Oct. 15, and Oct. 22; Asana 
XL (at a rate of eight
ounces per acre) on Aug. 
23, Sept. 3, Sept. 11, Sept.
25, Oct. 3, Oct. 9, Oct. 15, and 
Oct. 22; and Phaser (at
a rate of 2.67 pounds per acre) 
on Sept. 18. Fungi-
cides used were Manex II (at 
a rate of two pints per
acre) on Aug. 16 and Sept. 18; 
Kocide 101 (fungicide.
two pounds per acre) on Aug. 
16 and 23; and Benlate
(at a rate of 0.5 pounds per 
acre) on Sept. 18.
At NAHS, preplant fertilization 
consisted of 400
pounds per acre of calcium 
nitrate [Ca(NO,),] applied
on July 11. Preplant herbicide 
was Command incor-
porated at a rate of two pints 
per acre on July 12. Pest
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS
I ~LL IJJV VVI I
12 
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
control consisted of applica-
tions of Asana XL (insecti-
cide, at a rate of 9.6 ounces
per acre) on Aug. 9 and Sept.
13; Bravo 720 (fungicide, at a
rate of 48 ounces per acre) on
Aug. 9; Ridomil/Bravo 720
(fungicide, at a rate of two
pounds per 
acre); and 
Benlate
50WP (fungicide, at a rate of
0.5 pounds per acre) on Sept.
6 and 13.
At SMS, fertilization con-
sisted of applications of 20-
20-20 at a rate of 25 pounds
per acre on July 24; potassium
nitrate (KNO,) at a rate of 25
pounds per acre on Aug. 1,6,
14, and 22; and Ca(NO), at a
rate of 25 pounds per acre on
Aug. 30 and Sept. 9.
Pest control consisted of
applications of Asana XL (in-
secticide, at a rate of nine
ounces per acre) on July 26,
Aug. 2, and Aug. 16" Phaser
(insecticide, at a rate of 1.5
pints per acre) on Aug. 9 and
30; Bravo 720 (fungicide. at a
rate of two pints per acre) on
July 26, Aug. 8, Aug. 23. Sept.
4, Sept. 12, Sept. 19, and Sept.
25; Ridomil (fungicide, at a
rate of 1.5 pounds per acre) on
Aug. 2, Aug. 16, Aug. 30, and
Sept. 7; Manzate 200 (fungi-
cide, at a rate of two pounds
per acre) on Aug. 2 and 30;
and Benlate (fungicide, at a
rate of 0.5 pound per acre) on
Aug. 30 and Sept. 7.
Harvest dates were Oct. 9
and 10 at GCS; Oct. 11 and 18
at WS; Oct. 22 at EVSRC;
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE, RELATIVE EARLINESS,
AND FRUIT SIZE OF SELECTED PUMPKIN VARIETIES
Variety Type' Seed source Maturity Fruit wt.
Appalachian......................... FIl
Autumn Gold ......................... Fl
Baby Bear........... ... ....... OP
Baby Pam.............. ....... OP
Big Autumn .......... ..........
Big Max ....................... Fl
Casper" ................... ............. O P
Cinderella ........................... OP
Connecticut Field ............... OP
Early Sweet Sugar.............. OP
F-92-5-1 Seminole ..........
..... . . . 
FI
Gold Rush ....................... OP
Gold Strike ....................... ..... FIl
HM X 2690 ............................. Fl
H Mow den ..................................... O P
Howden Biggie ......................... OP
Jack-Be-Quick .................... OP
Jack-of-All-Trades............. FI
Jackpot ............... ................. Fl
Jumpin' Jack ....................... OP
La Primera
4 
.........
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 
.... Fl
Little Lantern ............................ OP
Lum ina ......... ............ .... OP
Mother Lode... ............ F
O z .......................... .................. F 1
Pankows Field .......................... OP
Peek-A-Boo ............................. Fl1
Small Sugar ....................... .... Fl
Soler ................................ .... F 1
S pirit ...................... ................. F 1
Spookie .................................... O P
Spooktacular ........................... Fl
Sugar Treat ......................... ... FI
Sw eetie Pie ............................... O P
SWP 8729................... Fl
Thomas Halloween .................. OP
Trick-or-Treat .......................... FI
Trickster ................................... F I
Var #300 ................................... F 1
Var#500 ................................... F 1
Var #510 ................................... Fl
W izard ................................... F
Rupp Seeds
Sandoz Rogers
Rupp Seeds
SeedWay
Sandoz Rogers
Asgrow
Rupp Seeds
Vilmorin
Rupp Seeds,Asgrow
Sandoz Rogers
U. of Florida
Rupp Seeds
Rupp Seeds
Harris Seeds
Stokes, Harris, Rupp
Harris Seeds
Rupp Seeds
Rupp Seeds
Harris Seeds
Rupp Seeds
U. of Florida
Stokes
Rupp Seeds, Stokes
Rupp Seeds
Harris Seeds
Harris Seeds
Rupp Seeds
Stokes, Asgrow
U. of Florida
Petoseed
Harris Seeds
Petoseed
Rupp Seeds
Stokes
SeedWay
SeedWay
Petoseed
Rupp Seeds
A&C
A&C
A&C
Harris Seeds
'FI = hybrid; OP = open pollinated.
2
White-skinned varieties.
'Also sold as 'Rouge Vif D'Etamps.'
'Tropical.
Oct. 11, Oct. 23, and Nov. 8 at PS; Oct. 13 and 
19 at
NAHS; and Sept. 23 and Oct. 3 at SMS. Because color
development stops after harvest, pumpkins were har-
vested at the full-color stage and graded as market-
able or non marketable (Table 3).
days
90
90
105
100
90
120
90
95
115
90
120
100
100
115
95
88
100
120
100
90
100
105
120
90
100
__
98
105
85
90
110
105
110
98
90
90
95
95
115
lb.
20-25
8-10
1-2
10-12
15-20
35-50
10-20
20-30
15-25
6-8
15-20
30-40
15-22
3-5
15-20
35-50
0.25
9-10
10-12
30-50
15-20
1-2
10-15
20-30
3-5
15-20
3-4
7
15-20
10-12
5-6
3-5
3-5
0.25
20-25
16-35
10-12
3-3.5
15-20
18-22
22-26
10-15
12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 1
TABLE 3. FIELD PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PUMPKIN VARIETIES
Variety Market. Market. Culled Total Ind. Variety Market. 
Market. Culled Total Ind.
yield fruits yield yield fruit wt. j yield fruits yield 
yield fruit wt.
lb/a. no/a. lb/a.
Gulf Coast Substation
Cinderella ........ 40,814 2,132 6,427
Gold Strike .......... 28,590 1,784 4,263
Connecticut Field .... 24,643 1,892 1,533
-owden ......... 24,327 1,501 0
Mother Lode .......... 24,121 1,653 837
Jack-of-all-Trades ... 21,489 2,023 1,392
Trick-or-Treat .... 20,2 28 2,066 0
Thomas Halloween.. 16,845 1,262 1,022
Spooktacular ..... 16,247 6,482 0
Trickster ............ 15,617 6,656 0
Small Sugar........15,377 4,676 8-27
Lumina ............. 4.394 870 152
R. 0.74 0.92
CV .................. 28 23
lsd.................. 8.32] 923
Wiregrass Substation
IRWVS 159 ............ 13,424
Var.4f300 ........
Pankows Field..
Var.#500 ........
SWP 8729.......
Jack-of-all -Trades.
Peek-A-Boo......
Spookie.
HMX2690.
Howden.........
Var.#510.
Earlyv Sweet Sugar
Bigy Autumn....
Big Max .
Hov den Biggie
Jack-Be-Quick.
RC ............
01............
Jumpin' Jack ...
Big Max .....
1-owden Biggie
Cinderella.......
Wizard..........
Small Sugar ....
Howden.
Trick-or-Treat..
Oz...............
Lum-ina.........
Spirit............
Spooktacular.
Sugar Treat ....
Casper..........
Baby Beai.
RI ..
. . . . . . . .
.
CV..........
lsd ...........
1,610
I 11,910 1,349
10,466 1,218
..... 9,109 82 7
... 8,104 783
...... 8,048 1,305
...... 6,912 1,958
.... 5,873 1,610
... 5,646 1,001
.... 4,489 512
S 4,185 4 35
.. 2.945. 566
...... 1,466 305
......... 761 174
S 4.......344 87
S 244 609
........ 0.46 0.47
........... 84 74
S 3.522 47].....3,2
EA. Smith Research
19.776 899.....1
15,629 370
13. 04 2 457
12,23 0 609
... 11.818 1,044
... 10.711 2.675
...1 8.155 348
....... 7,805 609
....... 6.614 2,175
.... 4,745 653
.... 4,349 319
.... 3,674 1,196
.... 3,413 827
.... 3,261 348
.... 2,326 1.457
..... 0.69 0.53
......... 67 57
.... 9.73] 2,170
lb/a. lb.
47,241 19
32,853 16
26,176 13
24,327 16
24,958 15
22,88t. 11
20,228 10
17,868 13
16,247- 3
15,617 2
16,204 3
4,546 5
0.79 0.97
26 10
8,502 2
S 13,424
- 11.910
10,466
- 9,109
- 8,104
- 8,048
- 6,912
- 5,873
- 5,646
- 4.489
- 4.185
- 2.945
- 1,466
-. 761
- 344
- 244
0.40
84
33,522
Center
3,782
1,164
4,20 5
31
838
115
90
.89
826
156
418
637
367
8
9
8
6
4
3
6
9
10
5
7
4
4
0
23.558 23
16,793 41
17,246 28
15,043 20
11,849 11
11.549 4
8,270 19
7,894 12
6,703 3
5,570 6
4,870 1.7
3,830 3
3,830 4
3,898 10
2,693 2
0.60 0.87
6 2 4]
10013 9
lb/1a. no/a. lb/a. lb/a. lb.
Piedmont Substation
Big Max ........... 29,587 1.892 - 29,587 16
VAR #500........ 25,415 1,414 - 25,415 18
Casper .......... 23,204 3,632 - 23,204 7
Gold Rush ....... 22,387 1.327 - 22,387 16
Connecticut Field .... 20,715 1,697 - 20,715 12
Howden ......... 20,543 1,066 - 20,543 20
SWP 8729 ....... 20,399 1,153 - 20,399 20
Spirit ........... 19,155 1,501 19,155 12
Jack-of-all-Trades.18,319 1,479 - 18,319 12
Thomas Haloween... 17,016 1,247 - 17,016 13
VAR #510 ........ 15,013 870 - 15,013 18
Thai ............ 12,254 3,480 - 12,254 3
Peek-A-Boo.... 10,938 3,589 - 10,938 3
R............... 0.4] 0.82 0.4] 0.70
CV ............. 35 28 35 32
lsd ............ 7,904 764 9,904 
6
North Alabama Horticulture Substation
Appalachian ......28,701 2,001 602 29,304 14
Thomas Holloween ... 26,513 2,066 73 27,248 13
Connecticut Field .... 23,409 1,784 820 24.22 9 13
Jack-of-all -trades..19,964 .2,153 797 20,761 9
La Primera ......... 17,234 1,501 264 17499 
11
Autum Gold ..... 16,415 2,045 150 16,565 8
Howden ........... 13,175 1,022 310 13.485 12
RWS 523 ........... 12,851 1,283 313 13,164 10
Soler ........... ... 10,510 957 6 32 11, 142 11
Spookie ............. 8,174 2,871 272 8,446 3
Peek-A-Boo ......... 7,413 3, 023 0 7,413 2
F-912-5-1.............. 4,791 928 0 4,791 
6
Sweetie Pie .......... 1,936 4,459 0 1,936 1
Jack-be-Quick.......1,819 6,569 0. 1,819 
0. 3
R............... 0.64 0.58 0.66 0.83
07..................... 52 62 5] 3]
lsd .............. 10,725 2.158 10.6]] 4
Sand Mountain Substation
Var #300 ............ 29,277 2,471 1,145
Spirit ............... 2,889 3,161 0
Var#500......... 21,466 1,635 2,347
Var#510..........16038 1.126 2,743
Tick-or-Treat .... 15889 1,744 0
Jackpot.......... 15,863 1,526 1,635
Howden.........15,838 1,235 392
Wizard.......... 15,485 1,526 1,399
Spooktacular. 12,629 5,486 429
Sugar Treat .......... 9,527 3,161 472
Baby Pam ......... 7,979 3,670 73
Oz ....................... 7,161 3,452 683
BabyBear........ 7,085 5,305 131
Little Lantern. 6,714 2,907 1,057
Jack-be-Quick. 5,479 16,023 40
R 
2. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... 0.70 0.75
CV .................... 4] 70
lsd .............. 4,229 9,729
3 0.4222 12
2 8,8 89 9
23,813 13
18,781 14
15.889 10
17,498 10
16.230 13
16,884 11
13,058 A2
9,999 3
8,051 2
7,844 2
7,216 1
7,772 2
5,519 0.3
0.74 0.96
37 18
9,267 3
'See the introduction for information on interpreting the statistical analysis 
- R2, CV, and lsd.
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 13
1ioi
14
Few Hot Peppers 
Resistant
to Bacterial Leaf Spot
ERIC SIMONNE, BOBBY BOOZER, ARNOLD CAYLOR, AND JIM PITTS
Hot pepper variety trials were conducted at the
Chilton Area Horticulture Substation (CAHS) in Clanton
and North Alabama Horticulture Substation (NAHS) in
Cullman (Tables 1 and 2).
Hot peppers were planted in five-foot-long plots at
a within-row spacing of 12 inches. At CAHS, double rows
were one foot apart; black plastic with drip irrigation were
used. At NAHS, plants were transplanted in single rows
on bare ground and were drip irrigated. At both loca-
tions, transplanting date was May 16.
At CAHS, fertilization consisted of a preplant ap-
plication (per acre) of 54 pounds of nitrogen (N) and
potassium (K,O) and of weekly injections ranging be-
tween seven and 14 pounds of N and K between May I
and July 10. A total of 140 pounds of N and K were in-
jected during the growing season.
Insect control was provided by applications of
Thiodan (at a rate of one pint per acre) on May 22 and
30; and Lannate LV (at a rate of two pints per acre) on
June 5, June 12, June 21, June 28, July 3, and Aug. 3.
Fungicides used were Kocide (at a rate of 2.7 pints per
acre) and Maneb 80 (at a rate of 1.5 pounds per acre)
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF 1996
HOT PEPPER VARIETY TRIALS
Location CAHS NAHS
W eather ............................. 5 5
Fertility ............................ 5 5
Irrigation ........................... 5 5
Pests ........................................ 3 5
Overall ............. ............... 4 5
'See introduction for a description of rating scales.
applied on May 22, May 30, June 5, June 12, June 21,
June 28, July 3, and Aug. 3; and Ridomil/Bravo 81W (at
a rate of two pints per acre) applied on Aug. 8.
At NAHS, preplant fertilization consisted of an ap-
plication of a 5-10-15 fertilizer at a rate of 150 pounds
per acre. Peppers were sidedressed with calcium nitrate
[Ca(N0
3
)
2
] at a rate of 70 pounds of N per acre. Insecti-
cides used were Asana (at a rate of 9.6 ounces per acre)
on June 3, June 7, June 28, July 19, July 26, and Aug. 2;
and Dimethoate (at a rate of two pints per acre) on June
7; and Lannate LV (at a rate of three pints per acre) on
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE, FRUIT CHARACTERTISTICS,
AND RELATIVE EARLINESSOF SELECTED HOT PEPPER VARIETIES
Variety Type Classification Seed Days to Shape Color' RSR- Disease
source harvest claims'
Ancho San Luis ... OP Ancho Petoseed 78 Heart-shaped; G-R 1,500-4,500 -
blunt point
Cherry Bomb ........ F1 Hot Cherry Petoseed 67 Oblate or G-R 2,500-5,000 TbMV
globe-shaped
Delicias ................ Fl Jalapeno Petoseed 67 Bullet-shaped G-R 500 PeMV,PVY,
TbEV
Inferno .................. F Hungaria Wax Petoseed 63 Tapered and smooth Y-R 2,500-4,500
Mitla .................. FI Jalapeno Petoseed 74 Bullet-shaped G-R 4,000-6,000 -
Mulato Isleno ...... OP Poblano Petoseed 89 Tapere d end G-Br 500-1,000
Ole ....................... OP Jumbo Jalapeno Ferry-Morse 80 Tapered end G-R - -
Papri King ........... OP Paprika Petoseed 100 Flat tapered G-R 500-1,000 -
Pasilla Bajio ........ OP Cayenne Petoseed 77 Long: 2-celled; G-Br 100-250 TbMV
wrinkled
Picante .................. F1 Jalapeno Harris Seeds 80 Cylindrical; G-R - TbMV
blunt end
Santa Fe Grande .... OP Jalapeno Petoseed 77 Large; Y-O-R 5000-8000 TbMV
conical tapering
Vulcano ............. FI Hungarian Wax Ferry-Morse 63 Tapered 
Y-R - TbMV
IG = green; R = red: Y = yellow: Br = brown; and O = orange.
-Relative Scoville Rating: the higher the RSR, the hotter the variety.
2
TbMV = tobacco mosaic virus; PeMV = pepper mottle virus; PVY = potato virus Y; TbEV = tobacco etch virus: and = not available.
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 
15
TABLE 3. YIELD AND WEIGHT OF 100 PODS
OF SELECTED HOT PEPPER VARIETIES
Variety CAHS NAHS Weight
marketable wt. marketable wt.
lb./a. lb./a. lb./100 pods
Ancho San Luis ................ 8,302 14,037 12.4
Cascabella ........................ 7,017 14,826 1.0
Cherry Bomb .................... 15,147 26,886 6.2
Delicias ............................ 18,118 28,918 5.9
Golden Heat .................... 23,314 33,422 1.8
Hot Beauty ...................... 23,870 30,800 2.0
Inferno ................................ 12,328 49,132 10.6
Mitla ................................... 20,304 31,320 6.0
Mulato Isleno ................... 8,494
NAHS-Xl01 .............................. -38,910 4.5
O le ...................................... 11.676 24,369 6.3
Papri King .............. 23,334 20,609 2.8
Passilla Bajio.................... 12,827 15,014 5.8
Picante ............... 1................ 8.003 32,981 4.8
Santa Fe Grande ............... 10,545 23,755 4.0
Vulcano .............................. 17.850 58,196 13.4
R .................. .................. 0.4] 0.81
C V ................... .................. 50 25
Isd .................................... 4,973 8,726
'See the introduction for information on interpreting the statistical analysis - R
2
, CV, and
lsd. Mulato Isleno was not planted at NAHS, and NAHS-X101 was not planted at CAHS.
July 19, July 26, and Aug. 2. Fungicides
used were Bravo 720 (at a rate of two
pints per acre) on June 3 and 7; Dithane
F-45 (at a rate of 2.4 quarts per acre) on
June 18 and 28; and Kocide 101 (at a
rate of three pounds per acre) on June
18 and 28.
Peppers were harvested on July 13,
Aug. 1, and Aug. 20 at CAHS and July
10 and Aug. 28 at NAHS. The weight of
25 pods was determined (Table 3). At
both locations, plants produced pods
throughout the summer. At CAHS, bac-
terial leaf spot (BLS) 
was present dur-
ing the summer. Except for 'Hot Beauty'
and 'Golden Heat', plants were defoli-
ated at approximately 80% during the
summer, and all fruits were sun-burned.
In fall, new leaves developed and mar-
ketable pods were harvested again (data
not shown). 'Hot Beauty' and 'Golden
Heat' were not affected at all by the
strain of BLS present.
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 15
16 
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Colorful and Attractive:
Varieties of Ornamental Corn
ERIC SIMONNE, JIM BANNON, AND ARNOLD CAYLOR
Ornamental corn variety trials were conducted at the
Horticulture Unit at the E.V. Smith Research 
Center
(EVSRC) in Shorter and North Alabama Horticulture
Substation in Cullman (Table 1). At both locations, corn
was direct seeded on bare ground in four-row plots, 
each
20 feet long. Within-row spacing was six to eight inches
and rows were 2.5 feet apart, which created a stand of
approximately 26,000 plants per acre.
At EVSRC, preplant herbicides were Sutan (at a rate
of four pints per acre) and Atrazine (at a rate of two pints
per acre) applied on May 6. Preplant fertilization 
pro-
vided (per acre) 50 pounds of N and P, and 
100 pounds
of K. Planting date was May 21.
At NAHS, planting date was May 8. Fertilization
consisted of a preplant application at a rate of 120 pounds
per acre of N on May 6 and a sidedress application 
of 60
pounds of N on June 4, both as ammonium 
nitrate
(NH
4
NO). Weed control was provided by an 
applica-
tion of Atrazine (at a rate TABLE 1. RATINGS OF
of two pints per acre) on 
1996 RNAMENTAL
May 14. Insect 
control
was provided by applica-
tions of Asana at a rate of Location 
EVSRC NAHS
9.6 ounces per acre on 
Weather. 5 5
June 3 and 21; Lannate LV Fertility ............. 5 5
(at a rate of two pints per Irrigation ........... 5 
5
acre) on June 26, June 
28, Pests...................5 
5
July 3, July 
12, July 
19, Overall..............5 
4
July 24, and Aug. 9; 
and 'See introduction 
for a descrip-
Larvin (at a 
rate of 45 
tion of rating 
scales.
ounces per acre) on July
12, July 19, July 24, and Aug. 9.
Ears were allowed to dry on the plant and were 
har-
vested on Aug. 19 at EVSRC and Aug. 20 at 
NAHS (Table
3). Due to cross-pollination between varieties, 
kernel
color was not true to type.
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE AND FRUIT TYPE OF 
SELECTED
ORNAMENTAL CORN VARIETIES
Variety Type Seed 
Days to Ear
source harvest length
in.
Alabama Coschatta .............. Ornamental Rupp Seeds 
110d 8-10
Mr. T......................................Ornamental Rupp 
Seeds 95 5-8
Chinook ................................. Ornamental Rupp 
Seeds 90 5-7
Wampum ............................... Ornamental Rupp 
Seeds 95 4-6
Rainbow Purple Husk .......... Ornamental Rupp 
Seeds 110 8-10
TABLE 3. YIELD AND NUMBER OF EARS 
OF
SELECTED ORNAMENTAL CORN VARIETIES 
'
Variety EVSRC NAHS
Yield Ear no. Yield Ear no.
lb./a. no./a. lb./a. no./a.
Purple Husk
Rainbow. ....... 5,304 29,212 10,641 21,473
Alabama
Coschatta ...... 4,587 26,814 12,853 38,695
Wampum............ 3,391 29,975 7,052 47,524
Mr. T .................. 2,815 23,653 9,105 65,237
Chinook ............. 2,002 20,274 3,800 
26,869
R
2 
.................... 0.55 0.58 0.58 
0.51
CV ...................... 34 13 35 
44
lsd .................... 852 5,245 4,546 
26,674
'See the introduction for information on interpreting 
the
statistical analysis - R2, CV, and Isd.
16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
17
First Evaluation of
Winter Squash Varieties
ERIC SIMONNE AND ARNOLD CAYLOR
A winter squash variety trial was conducted in spring
1996 at the North Alabama Horticulture 
Substation (NAHS)
in Cullman (Table 1). Selected varieties (Table 
2) were
planted on bare ground on May 10 in 20-foot-long, 
seven-
foot-wide plots. Preplant herbicide was Curbit 
applied on
May 10 at a rate of 4.5 pints per acre.
Fertilization consisted of a preplant application (per
acre) of 120 pounds of N on May 8 and a sidedress 
of 40
pounds of N on June 13, both as ammonium nitrate
(NH
4
NO). Insecticides used were Asana (9.6 ounces 
per
acre) on June 3, June 7, June 14, June 21, July 
3, July 12,
July 19, and Aug. 2; and Dimethoate (two pints 
per acre) on
June 7. Fungicide used was
Bravo 720 (two pints per acre)
on June 3, June 7, 
June 14,
June 21, June 28, July 3, July
12, July 19, and Aug. 2.
Most varieties were
once-over harvested on Aug.
15. Because 'Scallopini' has
to be picked while small and
tender, it was picked as
needed between June 20 and
Aug. 15 (Table 3).
TABLE 1. RATINGS
OF WINTER SQUASH
VARIETY TRIALS
Location NAHS
Weather ....................... 5
Fertility ....................... 5
Irrigation ..................... 5
Pe sts ................................. 5
O verall .. ..... ................
'See introduction for a de-
scription of rating scales.
TABLE 2. SEED SOURCE, FRUIT TYPE, RELATIVE 
EARLINESS, AND GROWTH HABIT OF WINTER 
SQUASH VARIETIES
Variety Type 
Description Seed source Days to 
harvest Growth habit
Hubbard Improved Green ..................... OP 
Hubbard Stokes 
120 Vining
Tay Belle .................................................. FI 
Bush Acorn Stokes,Asgrow 68 
Erect
Sweet Mama ......................................... FI 
Buttercup Stokes 
75 Semi-Erect
Golden Hubbard ..................................... OP 
Hubbard Stokes 
90 Vining
Vegetable Spaghetti ....... ......... OP 
Novelty Stokes 
70 Vining
Earl Butternut ... ...................... F 
Butternut Stokes 
75 Semi-Erect
Golden Delicious ............ ...................... OP 
Delicious Stokes 
100 Vining
Sweet Dumpling ... ........................ OP 
Sweet Potato Stokes 
100 Vining
Ultra Butternut ...... ......... ...... F1 
Butternut SeedWay 
90 Vining
Scallopini ......... ...................... F1 
Scallop Stokes 
50 Erect
Butternut Supreme........ ....................... Fl 
Butternut Stokes 
97 Vining
Swan White Acorn .............................. OP 
Acorn Stokes 
80 Vining
Tivoli ........ ............................. 
Fl Spaghetti Sakata 
90 Erect
Honey Delite ........................................ 
Fl Buttercup Sakata 
90 Vining
Carnival .................................................... F 
N ovelty H arris 
90 Erect
TABLE 3. YIELD OF SELECTED WINTER 
SQUASH VARIETIES
Variet, 
Total Total 
Individual
marketable wt. marketable 
no. fruit wt.
lb./a. no./a. 
lb.
Vegetable Spaghetti ............................ 110,681 
33,604 3.30
Hubbard Improved Green .................. 105.869 
11,357 9.16
Ultra Butternut ..... ............ ..................... 
89,938 27,692 
3.11
Golden Hubbard .................................... 88,505 
14,157 6.18
Golden Delicious .................................. 
80,280 9,957 
7.66
Sweet Mama.................................. 80,121 
20,225 3.96
Butternut Supreme ............ .................. 69,338 
42,005 1.64
Scallopini ............................................... 67,697 
54,762 1.23
Tivoli ......................................... 
.......... 64,537 
23,336 2.81
Early Butternut .............. ... .... 
50,226 38,427 
1.30
Carnival.. ..................... .......... 
49,316 42,161 
1.10
Tay Belle ... .................... ......... 39,675 
24,581 1.58
Honey Delight ............................ 
37,721 12,757 
2.74
Swan W hite Acorn ............ ..................
34,704 30,026 
1.15
Sweet Dumpling ........................... ... 
24,934 28,626 
0.87
R .................................................. ......... 0 .5 7
C V ................................................... ........ 3 9
lsd ..................................................... 3 4 .5 00
'See the introduction for information 
on interpreting the statistical analysis 
- R
2
, CV. and lsd.
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS
.^
18 
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION
Results of 1996 Southernpea
Cooperators' Trials
FENNY DANE, GENE HUNTER, AND ERIC SIMONNE
The E.V. Smith Research Center has been one of the
10 sites in the Southeast, from Texas to South Carolina,
where southernpea breeding lines are tested to evaluate
their adaptability and yield potential. The Alabama Ag-
ricultural Experiment Station submitted three breeding
lines in 1994, two in 1995, and three in 1996. 'AU93M-
C' and 'AU93M-E' are bush pinkeye purple hulls with
persistent green seed coats. 'AU93M-G' is a bush cream
type with large pods.
Planting dates were May 27, 1994, May 23, 1995,
and June 6, 1996. Plants were thinned to four inches apart
in rows 30 inches apart. Overhead irrigation with con-
ventional flat planting in 1994 and drip lines with raised
rows in 1995 and 1996 were used as needed to ensure a
minimum of one inch of water per week. In all years,
100 pounds per acre of phosphorus and potassium were
spread and incorporated before seeding, and plants were
side-dressed with 30 pounds per acre of nitrogen.
All pods, including "snaps" were harvested from
each plot when 80% of the pods were dry. To estimate
yield and compensate for different percentages of dry
and mature green pods among the plots, all peas shelled
from each plot's harvest were placed into containers 
with
water to allow the dry ones to soak up water (imbibe)
overnight. This step makes comparisons more 
realistic
since all peas are at the same moisture level. Imbibed
weights are estimates of mature green, shelled weight
yield (Table 1). Bushels of fresh, in-pod yield per acre
may be estimated by multiplying the imbibed weight by
two (assuming an average shell-out of 50%) and divid-
ing it by 25 (the average weight of a bushel of fresh,
unshelled southernpeas). The following standard pink-
eye varieties were used as checks for 'AU93M-C' and
'AU93M-E': 'Coronet', 'C.T. Pinkeye', and 'Pinkeye
Purplehull-BVR' (PEPH-BVR). The cream 'Early Acre'
was used as a check for 'AU93M-G'.
TABLE 1. RELATIVE EARLINESS AND IMBIBED SHELLED YIELD OF SELECTED 
SOUTHERNPEA LINES
Line Days to maturity Mature-green 
shelled yield Fresh in-pod yield'
1994 1995 1996 Average 1994 1995 1996 Average 1994 
1995 1996 Average
lb./a. lb./a. lb./a. lb./a. bu./a. bu./a. 
bu./a. bu./a.
AU93M-C ............ 74 65 63 67 1,398 
1,355 967 1,240 112 108 77 99
AU93M-E ............ 68 63 61 64 1,169 2,085 810 1,355 93 167 65 108
AU93M-G ............ 74 63 69 
1,360 - 1,110 1,235 108 -
89 99
Coronet ................. 72 64 62 66 
1,590 2,135 1,278 1,668 127 179 
102 136
CT Pinkeye .......... - 67 62 65 
- 1,947 1,174 1,561 - 156 
94 125
PEPH-BVR .......... 68 65 61 
65 1,960 1,995 1,153 1,703 157 
160 92 136
Early Acre ............ 70 - 56 63 
728 - 598 663 58 -
48 53
'Fresh in-pod yield is measured in 25-pound bushels per acre.
18 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY 
TRIALS 
19
Sweetpotatoes 'NC-C59' and
'NC-C75' Released as 'Carolina
Rose' and 'Carolina Ruby'
ERIC SIMONNE, JIM BANNON, BOBBY BOOZER, ARNOLD CAYLOR, AND JIM PITTS
National Sweetpotato Collaborator's Trials were
conducted at the E.V. Smith Research Center (EVSRC)
near Shorter, Chilton Area Horticulture Substation
(CAHS) in Clanton, and North Alabama Horticulture
Substation (NAHS) in Cullman (Tables 1 and 2).
Sweetpotato seed roots from selected commercial
varieties and breeding lines were planted in a heated bed
at NAHS on April 2 for slip production. On May 20, slips
were removed from the beds and bundled for shipment
to the locations of the trials. For some new entries, the
amount of slips produced was not sufficient for all three
locations.
At all locations, plots were 30 feet long and 3.5 feet
wide. Within-row spacing was one foot. Fertilizer appli-
cations followed the recommendations of the AU soil
testing laboratory.
At EVSRC, preplant fertilization consisted of a
broadcast application of 13-13-13 at a rate of 300 pounds
per acre. Planting date was May 30. Dacthal herbicide
was applied at a rate of 10 pounds per acre. On June 17.
sweet potatoes were sidedressed with 40 pounds of N
per acre as ammonium nitrate (NH
4
NO3). Overhead irri-
gation was applied as needed.
TABLE 1. RATINGS OF 1996
SWEETPOTATO VARIETY TRIALS
Location EVSRC CAHS NAHS
W eather ............... ....... 5 5 5
Fertility ............................ 5 5 5
Irrigation ......................... 5 5 5
Pests ....................................a5 5 5
Overall..............5...... 5 5
'See introduction for a description of rating scales.
At CAHS, 1,000 pounds per acre of a 5-10-15 fertil-
izer were preplant applied on May 25. On May 31, slips
were transplanted, Mocap 6E nematicide (at a rate of six
pounds per acre) and Eptam herbicide (at a rate of 3.4
pints a.i. per acre) were applied. Sencore herbicide was
applied on May 25 at a rate of 0.66 pound per acre. No
irrigation was necessary.
At NAHS, NH
4
NO was broadcast 
applied at a rate
of 100 pounds of N per acre on May 22. Temik nematicide
was applied preplant at a rate of 20 pounds per acre. Slips
were transplanted on May 31. Weed control was provided
by an application of Command (one quart per acre) on
TABLE 2. DISEASE RESISTANCE AND TOLERANCE OF SELECTED 
SWEETPOTATO VARIETIES
Variety Origin Year 
Resistance Susceptibility
Beauregard ..................... LSU 1987 
Fusarium Wilt Southern Root-Knot Nematode
Soil Rot (Pox) Bacterial 
Soft Rot
Internal Cork
Sclerotia Blight
Circular Spot
Carolina Nugget ............ NCSU, AU 1985 
Stem Rot Nematode
Carolina Rose ................ NCSU 1997 
N/A N/A
Carolina Ruby ............... NCSU 1997 
N/A N/A
Cordner .......................... TAM, OSU 1984 
Fusarium Wilt Soil Rot (Pox)
Stem Rot
Southern Root-Knot Nematode
Darby .............................. LSU 1995 
Soil Rot Southern Root-Knot Nematode
Fusarium Wilt Reniform 
Nematode
Stem Rot
Internal Cork
Fusarium Root Rot
Bacterial Root Rot
Soft Rot
Georgia Jet ..................... UGA 1974 
Stem Rot Nematodes
Hernandez ...................... LSU 1992 
Fusarium Wilt Internal Cork
Southern Root-Knot Nematode 
Stem Rot
Soil Rot
Bacterial Root Rot
Jewel ............................... NCSU 
1970 
Stem Rot Nematode
FAL 99 CMMRIA VGEABEVAIEY RIL
19
20 ALABAM GIUTRLEPRMN TTO
TABLE 3. YIELD AND GRADE DISTRIBUTION OF 
1996SWEETPOTATO SELECTIONS
Selection us #1 Canner Jumbo 
Cull Total Percent
marketable US#l
bul1a.
Georgia Jet ........ ....... 290
L-89-110 ................. ..... 247
Jewel......................... ...... 234
Darby......... ........ 228
Hernandez ............... ...... 218
NC-C75 ................... ...... 175
NC-C59 ................... ...... 171
Beauregard .............. ....... 154
Carolina Nugget .... ........ 139
Cordner .................. ...... 105
R2 ... - - - -.. * * *..........0.61
CV ...................... ...... 25
lsd ....................... ...... 49
L-89-110.................230
Beauregard .............. ...... 228
NC-C59 ................... ...... 194
NC-C75 .................. ...... 168
Darby ...................... ....... 157
Cordner .................. ...... 121
MS-D45 .................. ....... 104
Jewel ....................... ....... 94
Carolina Nugget .... ......... 89
Hernandez .............. ....... 79
Georgia Jet ...... .. ...... 62
ff ....................... ...... 0.50
CV..................... ........ 47
lsd..................... ...... 58
Beauregrard........................ 313
NC-C59............................ 290
Georgia Jet........................ 287
NC-C75 .............................. 252
L-89-110 .......................... 
241
Hernandez......... ......... 241
NC-91-14 ......................... 225
NC-93-17 .......................... 219
Jewel ................................ 218
w-306 ......... **.--.-........... 214
Carolina Nugget ................ 206
Darb . ..... ........ ... 192
MS-D45 ............................ 183
W-323.............................. 158
Cordner............................ 152
NC-91-09.......................... 144
W-308 ................................ 82
RI ............
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
0.40
CV................................. 38
lsd.................................. 63
bula. bula.
E.V. Smith Research Center,
33 285
33 120
65 57
24 155
47 69
33 172
42 179
41 137
44 153
43 24
0.35 0.62
40 47
29 58
Chilton Area Horticulture Substation
77 71
97 61
12 5 132
12-0 84
99 107
123 8
102 10
84 4
64 24
72 18
75 20
0.20 0.76
5] 55
49 39
North Alabama Horticulture Substation
130 42
122 66
118 90
139 42
183 39
........ 8') 1)12
157 11
289 4
209 7
200 30
111 19
182 )17
184 10
177 5
122 23
190 13
68 0
0.47 0.46
40 12]
58 39
'See the introduction for information 
on interpreting the statistical analysis 
- R
2
, CV, and lsd
May 23. Plants were overhead irrigated 
on July.2.
Sweetpotatoes were harvested on Oct. 
17 at EVSRC,
Sept. 25 at CAHS, and Sept. 13 at NAHS 
(Table 3). Roots
were graded as US#1 (roots 2-3.5 inches 
in diameter, 3-
9 inches in length, well shaped and 
free of defects), can-
ner (roots 1-2 inches in diameter, 2-7 
inches in length).
jumbo (roots that exceed the diameter, length 
and weight
requirements of the US#1 grade, but 
that are of market-
able quality) or cull (roots at least 
one inch in diameter
but so misshapen or unattractive 
that they could not be
classified as marketable roots). 
Marketable yield was
calculated by adding the yields 
of the US #1, canner, and
jumbo grades. Percent US#1 
was calculated by dividing
the yield of the US#l grade by 
the marketable yield.
bula.
8
7
12
19
26,
13
14
25
16
20
0.25
77
25
79
116
57
136
76
84
90
93
109
42
338
0.53
74
63
bul1a.
609
400
355
407
334
379
392
332
336
172
0.69
21
63
378
388
451
373
363
252
215
182
177
169
157
0.56
37
73
485
478
495
432
463
325
392
513
433
444
335
390
376
340
297
347
150
0.43
30
78
pct.
48-
62
66
59
66
45
42
49
44
60
0.41
22
24
60
58
43
46
42
47
44
50
50
47
38
0.22
28
24
66
60
56
57
51
74
54
42
51
47
63
48
50
47
47
48
53
0.34
24
24
56
59
127
48
25
29
51
39
34
35
49
12
33
36
30
36
37
0.41
76
39
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
,,....
II~ r --1; Ir.,
20
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE 
VARIETY TRIALS 
21
Sponsors and Suppliers
CORPORATE SPONSORS
Asgrow 
Seed Co.
South Alabama
Greg Davis
Alachua, FL
(904) 462-7838
Central Alabama
Rusty Autry
Venice, FL
(941) 497-4227
North Alabama
Ken Baker
Hendersonville, TN
(615) 824-0383
Lewis Taylor Farms
Bill Brim
P.O. Box 822
Tifton, GA 31793
(912) 382-4454
Micro Macro International
Mike Duemmel
183 Paradise Blvd., Suite 108
Athens, GA 30608
(706) 548-4557
SUPPORTING SEED COMPANIES
Ferry-Morse Seed Co.
Glenn McKay
P.O. Box 392
Sun Prairie, WI 53590
(608) 837-6574
Sakata Seeds
Howard Adams
P.O. Box 1118
Lehigh, FL 33970-1103
(941) 369-0032
Abbott & Cobb
Pete Suddarth
207 Wellington Woods Dr.
Hahira, GA 31632
(912) 249-8135
Sandoz Rogers
Curt Pollard
2101 Melrose Drive
Valdosta, GA 31602
(912) 245-9457
curt.pollard @ gwa.sandoz.com
Takii Seeds
Haki Yamasaki
301 Natividad Rd.
Salinas, CA 93906
(408) 443-4901
Harris Seeds
Bob Wilkins
60 Saginow Dr.
Rochester, NY 14692-2960
1-800-544 7938
SEED SUPPLIERS
Nunhems Seed Co.
John Willems
P.O. Box 4005
6080 AA Haelen
Holland
(31) 47 59 92 22
Seedway
Neal Shank
1225 Zeager Rd.
Elizabethtown, PA
(717) 367-1075
Petoseed Co.
Mario Rivas
3085 Whilraway Trail
Tallahassee, FL 32308
(904) 668-9068
Vilmorin
Gilles Laurin
P.O. Box 707
Empire, CA 95319
(209) 529-6000
Rupp Seeds
Roger Rupp
17919 County Road B
Wansiom, OH 43567
(419) 337-1841
Stokes Seeds Inc.
Joe Butwin
P.O. Box 548
Buffalo, NY 14240-0548
1-800-263-7233
University of Florida
Don Maynard
5007 60th St. E.
Bradenton, FL 34203-9324
(941) 751-7636
bra@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
FALL 1996 COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE VARIETY TRIALS 21
LOCATIONS OF PARTICIPATING 
RESEARCH UNITS
SMain Agricultural Experiment 
Station, Auburn.
E. V. Smith Research 
Center, Shorter.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Sand Mountain Substation, 
Crossville.
North Alabama Horticulture 
Substation, Cullman.
Chilton Area Horticulture 
Substation, Clanton.
Piedmont Substation, 
Camp Hill.
Wiregrass Substation, 
Headland.
Brewton Experiment Field, 
Brewton.
Gulf Coat Substation, 
Fairhope.
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION22