December, 1975 Agricultural Experiment AUBURN UNIVERSITY Station R. Dennis Rouse, Director Auburn, Alabama Vegetable Variety Trials, 1975' JACK L TURNER and HARRISON BRYCE2 V EGETABLE VARIETY and breeding line" trials were conducted during 1975 at the Gulf Coast Substation, Fairhope; the Chilton Area Horticulture Substation, Clanton; the North Alabama Horticulture Substation, Cullman; the Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville; and the Main Station at Auburn. All trials were conducted in randolnized replicated plots with rec- ommended fertilizer rates and applications for each crop and location. Non replicated observational plantings were also made of selected lines of snap beans, pickling cuciunbers, and staked fresh market tomatoes. Insect and disease control measures were applied on a regular schedule throughout the grow- ing season with irrigation applied when needed. Summaries of results are reported in this publication. RESULTS Snap Beans (Clanton). Seed were planted April 28 and spaced 2 inches apart in 44-inch rows. Harvest dates varied by varieties with varieties harvested once over to simulate machine harvesting. Yield was highest for Exp. 146-B24 and lowest for MSU 867, Table 1, 1)oth of which were in the observational trial. E 2202 produced the highest yield for the rep- licated trial. Differences in maturity for the varieties tested are indicated in the sieve sizes. MSU 867 is a flat bean and will not fit into the scale used for bean diameters. Bell Pepper (Cullman). Seed were planted in the greenhouse at Auburn March 24 and seedlings field I)ata presented in this publication are a true evaluation of each entry. Variety and company names are used for identification and do not imply endorsement of one over the other. ' Research Associate and Field Superintendent, Department of Horticulture. "Seed of breeding lines are not available for planting until named and released. transplanted May 13. Plants were spaced 2 feet apart in 44-inch rows. Four harvests were made beginning July 10 and ending August 26. Hybrid No. 19 was the highest yielding variety, with Canape Hybrid and NCX 4007 producing the highest number of marketable fruits per plant, Table 2. Yolo Select Pak produced the largest pods again this year. Canape Hybrid, Pick-A-Peck, and Early Bountiful Hybrid produced the smallest pods. Sixteen varieties pro- duleed pods with 3 to 4 lobes; NCX 4007 and Pick-A- Peck produced pods with 2 lobes; NCX 4007 had the longest pod and California Wonder the shortest. NCX 4007 produced pods with the largest diameter but several varieties had fruits with a 3-inch diam- eter. Pod wall thickness of all varieties ranged from 4 to 6 mm. Delaware Belle and Early Bountiful Hy- brid produced the earliest harvest. Cabbage (Auburn). Seed were planted on January 6 and seedlings were field transplanted February 28. Plants were spaced 15 inches apart in 40-inch rows. Excessive rainfall during maturity caused some va- rieties to split. Markctable yields were generally lower than the 1974 yields. Prime Pak and Market Topper produced the highest marketable yields, Ta- ble 3. Golden Acre has consistently been a poor per- forming variety. Heads of this variety will split be- fore they reach market maturity. Red Danish is not adapted for commercial growing but could be grown in the home garden. Asgrow XP 1058 produced the most uniform heads. Stonehead produced the most desirable head size and uniformity for the named varieties. Stonehead is well adapted for commercial production. Green Boy and Blue Chip had the most variable head sizes. Sanible, Head Start, Jet-Pak, Copenhagan Market, Banner, XP 1058, Golden Acre, and Stonehead were the earliest maturing varieties. Red Danish was the latest maturing variety. :-lI.L i: 7 ' Srics N~o. 108 Variety Mlarket- able Crowing' Colota yield/ days Bu. No. E 2202 - - ------------- 257 52 C XI 6S-2988 --------- 23:3 52 DC IIBL-6 -15 ------------ 228 52 DC Torrn it (E 2203) ------------ 224 50 C X1P-11 51 --------- 218 52 C 111. Suiprenme -------- - 213 52 C Astro (check) ------------- - 165 52 DC WV. S. Provider...............-------158 50 LC B 4(M -3- ------- . .----------- 149 50 C Exp. 146-B 24 ---------- - -- 275 50 LC Exp. 113-70 --- ------------- 271 50 LC GP 71-135 ----------------- 263 50 C I111 )9-3 ------------ -. --- 251 50 C E 4218 ----------- - --- 204 50 C Blue Crop ----------------- 192 52 C E. Gallatin (ek.) -- ----------- 177 51) C Code 140 ---- --- --------- 17 6 50 C Code 112 -------------- - 171 52 DC NCX 8005 ---------------------- 171 50 LC E 4204 -------- . -------- 142 50 DC NISU 867 --------------- 114 50 C Shape Straight- Bean ness 3 letngth 1 Sieve sizes' 2 3 4 5 In. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Replicated Heart 5 5.50 4 6 8 24 58 Heart 5 5.25 14 8 30 22 26 Ileart SC 4.75 8 12 18 24 38 Heart SC 5.25 9 15 15 31 30 Round SC 5.50 8 15 17 34 26 Heart SC 5.25 0 10 6 26 58 Round 5 5.25 14 10 10 35 31 11eart 5 4.75 14 4 6 18 58 Hecart SC 4.75 2 2 8 14 74 Observational Ro00n( SC 5.25 17 12 8 31 32 Round VC 5.00 11 4 6 33 46 1leart CTD 4.50 14 10 10 3 5 31 Ileart S C 4.75 22 12 12 32 22 1 eart CTI) 5.0)1 25 4 5 25 41 Round CID 5.25 6 17 13 36 28 Round VC 4.50 10 16 12 3-4 28 Round CTD 4.50 15 12 9 35 29 Heart VC 5.00 22 17 19 16 26 Ileart CTD 5.25 19 11 11 34 25 Round SC 5.25 28 12 12 22 26 Flat CTD 4.50 0 0 0 0 100 'Soil test p 290 (VII); k =300 (VII); p11 = 5.5. 1 , tonls of limestone applied per acre. G green; LC liglht green; DGC - dark green. s straight; SC slightly curved; VC =very corved; CTD =curved in two dlirections. 'Sieve size was (letermined from a 100 pod sample takcn at random from the four replications. Sieve denotes canning size grades wih size 1 having the smaller diameter and 5 having the larger. TAB3LE 2. BELL PtEPPER VAIIi ii TntAT., CULLMIAN, 1975' Variety Seed Yield Market- Pod Fruit es Eye pod Pod Wall Harvest source per able pods weight colota Loes appeal' length diameter thickness season' acre per plant __________________________________ Cwt. No. Lb. llylbrid No. 19 .... ------- T. Sakata 203 13.7 .25 Emerald Giant ------------- Twilley 193 11.2 .29 NCX 4007 ---------------- Niagara 191 14.0 .23 C anape I ybrid --- ----- ---- T. Sakata 186 14.9 .21 WVorld B~eater -------------- Ferry-Morse 178 11.5 .26 NCX 4008 ---------------- Niagara 172 10.7 .27 Pick-A-Peck -------------- T. Sakata 166 13.3 .21 Midway - --------- Petoseed 164 9.5 .29 Met cury ----- ----- Petoseed 163 8.6 ..32 Miss Belle - --- ----- MAFES 159 8.4 .32 'Iwilley's Big Pack ---------- Twilicy 155 8.4 .31 Delaware Belle ------------ Letherman 155 9.7 .27 Belair --- , - .----------- Niagara 153 8.9 .29 Yolo W onder L ------------ Keys-tone 147 8.8 .28 NCX '4002 ------------ Niagara 146 8.2 .30 Califoria Nonder -- ------ Kestone 137 8.5 .27 Califoriiia \Xuidcer 300 - I.'etoseed 133 8.3 .27 Yobo Select Pak --------- e- 132 6.7 .33 Titaun (TMH) ------- TwilleY 130 7.3 .30 Early Bountiful Hybrid -----T. Sakata 116 9.3 .21 Soil test p =470 (EH); k =1,10 (H); pH 6.1. 2 I.C- light green; C green; DG dark green. 'Nuniers in this column occurred most often for each variety. 'Rating indlex: 5 =excellent; 4 good; 3 =fair; 2 =poor; 1 6E -early; MNI mid-season; L late. 'Turns red early. In. In. 71M Ce 2-3 1.5 3.54 2.89 5 M G 3-4 3.5 2.95 2.86 6 L, G 2 2.0 4.26 3.29 6 M-L C 3 2-3 3.1) 3.09 2.32 4 L LG 3-4 1.5 3.74 2.76 5 E-M C 3 2.0 3.81 2.75 5 M G' 2 1.5 3.59 2.51 6 M C 3 4.1) .3.25 3.10) 6 ?% (C 3-4 4.5 3.18 3.41 6 11 C 3 3.5 3.19 2.80) 6 E-M C 3-4 1.5 3.03 3.08 6 MI DG 3-4 2.0 2.86 2.93 6 E CG 4.5 3.31 3.21 6 Mf DC 4 2.0 3.24 3.26 6 Ni G 3 3.0 3.34 2.90 6 E-M C 31 4.0 2.54 2.64 4 M C 3 1.5 2.98 2.75 4 NI C 3-4 4.5 3.26 3.36 6 L G 3 1.5 3.20 2.79 4 E-M LC' 3 2.0 2.71 2.61 5 E very poor. TABLE 3. IIYBIUD CABBAGE V\AIETY TIIIAL, AuBuIvN, SPRING, 1975' Variety Prime Pak ..... ... --- Market Topper Sanibel K ing C ole ........................ NCX 9O7 Green Boy . .......... Blue Chip ............ E xpress .. ------------- Tastie Jackpot - - Rio Verde Round D utch' .................. lHead Start lHercules Market Prize NCX 903 Green Back - - 1 ............ let-Pak ---- Copenhagen Market -...... Headmaster Banner XP 1058 Golden Acre _ ......-. . Stonehead .......... Bed I)anish - .Fe H N Ha Ni NKI Fe As - NK Ni NK . Fe As ---- NK H-- Ila Ni ---- Lo -------- NK S-- NK Fe As -- - As .... NK ---. NK Sto Seed Marketable source yield/acre Cwt. rry-Morse 389.5 rris 385.7 K 381.4 rris 372.6 agara 369.1 367.8 rry-Morse 360.2 grow 356.0 355.2 agara 347.5 332.6 rry-Morse 329.8 grow 325.3 316.8 rris 316.5 agara 306.8 cal 300.0 297.4 295.9 rry-Morse 294.3 grow 293.3 grow 254.8 231.1 206.1 kes 179.4 'Soil test p = 570 (EH); k = 80 (M); pI = 6.2. ' Standard deviation. "E = early; M = medium; L = late. *G = green; BG = bluegreen; LG = light green; DG 'Not a hybrid. Color' Harvest -- Mean head weight Lb. 3.73 3.69 3.65 3.66 3.53 3.60 3.66 3.41 3.40 3.32 3.34 3.15 3.20 3.11 3.03 2.93 2.93 2.85 2.83 2.82 2.81 2.44 2.27 1.97 1.91 dark green; R = red. Sweet Corn (Cullman). Seed were planted May 6 and spaced approximately 9 inches apart with 2 plants per hill in 44-inch rows. Golden Security has produced excellent yields for the past two years. This year it was the highest yielding variety, Table 4. Capitan and Apache also produced good yields. Golden Queen produced the largest ear weight and G-80 produced the smallest. Goldenrod produced the longest ear; NCX 243 had the largest ear diam- eter; Buttersweet had the largest cob diameter and Silver Queen produced the most consistent number of kernel rows. Triumphant II, Tendersweet, XP 1791 and XP 362 produced straight kernel rows; XP 1331 had the best tip cover; Tendersweet and Se- neca Feather had the best ear filling and Seneca Feather was rated best for eye appeal. Sweet Ten- nessee was rated highest for ease of snapping, Table 5. Fanfare, Aztec, XP 1331, XP 72-1651, Comanche, and XP 72-1707 were the earliest maturing. XP 72- 1707 was the shortest and Goldenrod the tallest growing plants. Pickling Cucumbers (Auburn). Seed were planted May 2 and spaced 6 inches apart in 40-inch rows. A hail storm on May 26 completely defoliated the crop. Regrowth occurred rapidly and ten harvests were made for all entries. Calypso, Score, Triple Cross, and Explorer were the highest yielding varieties in the replicated trial, Table 6. FX 3808 and 11C2 [13 were the overall highest yielding entries. Calypso is a new variety that matures early and has per- formed well in grower trials in the Montgomery County area. It has also performed well in com- mercial brining studies with Whitfield Pickle Cornm- pany. Calypso, Triple Cross, and Sumter had a dark green fruit color with good shape and internal struc- ture as reflected by the low percent carpel separation of No. 4 size cucumbers. All the varieties had white spines. This characteristic is highly desirable for our pickling industry. Slicing Cucumbers (Cullman). Seed were planted June 5 with plants spaced 6 inches apart in 5-foot rows. Overall yields were less than last year. Twelve harvests were made beginning July 14 and ending August 12. Victory was the highest yielding variety for ground and trellis production, Table 7. Victory and Sweet Slice grown on trellis produced 15 and 53 percent respectively more marketable yield than the ground treatment. In a wet growing season, fewer fruits are lost to pythium rot from the trellis treatment. To date, there are no effective means of controlling diseases on the cucumber fruit that lies on the ground. Eggplant (Cullman). Seed were planted in the greenhouse at Auburn March 14 and field trans- planted May 3. Plants were spaced 2 feet apart in 5-foot rows. Seven harvests were made beginning Uniformity Growing Season of heads 2 days Seasn Lb. No. ?__ .84 89 L - .55 83 M -_ .92 71 E ? .60 82 M ?t .61 89 L ?+1.07 83 M +1.04 82 M -+- .45 78 M -- .85 74 E ? .82 82 M - .93 82 M - .92 74-82 E-M ? .41 71 E -+ .57 82 M +- .66 82 M ? .50 83 hi ? .74 83-90 M-L + .47 71 E - .55 71-82 E-M - .69 83 Mi -- .63 71 E ? .26 71 E -+- .67 64-71 E + .33 71 E - .51 91 L No. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 21 2 1 21 1 2 1 1 Remarks Some split heads Some split heads Some split heads Split badly Split badly Some split heads Split badly Not adapted TAB3LE 4. SWsEi 1 CORN \ ARIELY BInAL . CULl \14N, Variety Colden Security ------ Capi tan-------I Apache (XP~ 358) ------- Goldenrod---- Caluumet M euit- ---- -- G-80) (La Se Co)------- '[riumphan~t ii - ---- Fauf ire -- -- --- Gohien Queen - - XP' 185 A (Asgrow) XP 27786 (La Sc Co) Keystone Ev. Gr. 11ybrid Aztec I lyi 1( Seneca Scout Silver Queen _ XP 71) 2428 (R~ogers) Xl' 194 (llobson) XP t331 (Agrow) Comet NCN 21.3 (Niagara) lender ,w((t XP' 71-2291 (Rogers,) Xl' 72 1651 (Rogers) Commander Comanche ---- \\intergiccii XP 64-2161) Buttcr'.wcct 1lvbhi ii Seneca Chief XI' 1791 (NK) NP 27787 (La Se Co) Sweet Teiiiessee Sec la Feather 5115 ii line Salute B~icolor Silver Queen--- XI' 362 (Asgrow)------ XP? 72-17017 (Rogers)-- Florida Swee --------- Ears Per acre Doz. 2,219 2,195 2,186 2,096 2,087 2,087 2,079 2,063 2,038 2,0)36 2,030 2,0:30 2, 021 2,0 13 2,0)13 2,00)5 1,997 1,972 1,964 1,922 1,906 1,898 1,881 1,881 1,87:3 1,856 1,856 1,856 1,840) 1,832 1,823 1,815 1,799 1,799 1,774 1,741 1,72 1 1,68:3 1,667 1,584 1,559 SSoil test p -- 281) (very high); k Ear wt. Lb. .56 .72 .59 .69 .57 .70 .45 .74 .57 .53 .64 .5:3 .57 .67 .61 .66 .67 .69 .53 .58 .60 .68 .49 .65 .59 .62 .49 .70 .49 .73 .59 .50) .62 .70 .51 .59 .48 .60) --130 Ear Cob diameter diameter Y yellow; xx I white. S straight; SC slightly curved. 'Rating index: 5 excellent; 4 - good; 3 fair; 2 =poor; 1 Juy2ai ending August 29. Blackoval lix lbrid was the highest yielding variety again this year, Tab~le 8. Midnite lilridl anti Jersey King Hybrid also pro- duiced good yields. Early Beauty Hybrid produced the largest mnmber of marketable fniits per plant but also the smallest fruits in the trial. Blacknite flyxbrid had the highest eve appeal. Early Beauty Hyxbrid aiit Long 1iurple had the fewvest spines. Potatoes (Crossville and Fairhiope). Seed potatoes ob~tained from Frito Lay Company Baldwvin Coun- ty, Alabanma, USDA, Wisconsin, and North Dakota, were lbrougfit to Auburn and stored at 40' F. -until plautinig time. Seed pieces were cut to approxi- mately 11/, ouinces each, dipped for rot control in a solution of 1 pound of Benlate in 50 gallons of water, diried, calloused, and presprouted at 55' F. for ap- proximately 2 weeks and planted on February 26 at Fairhope and March 3 at Crossville. Plots were hary- Coo' Ear Coo 0 length In. Y 7.6.3 Y 7.83 Y 6.88 Y 9.0)3 Y 7.73 Y 7.70) Wh 6.43 Y 7.90 Y 7.53 Y 7.43 Y 7.85 Wh 6.18 W1Vh 7.15 Y 7.001 Y 6.71) NlII 6.90 Y 7.65 Y 7.30 Y 7.0 whI 7.35 Y 7.65 Y 7.88 Y 7.58 Y 7.18 Y 7.91) Y 7.28 Y 7.61) Y 7.38 Y 7.5.3 Y 7.75 Y 7.83 Nvh 6.53 Y 7.55 Y 7.25 Wh 7.95 Y 7.08 Y 8.15 Wh 8.15 Y 7.63 Y 7.18 Y 7.90 high); p11 6.4. Kernel rows No. 14-16 14-16 14-16 14-16 12-14 16-18 12-14 16-18 16-18 14-16 14-16 12-14 14-16 12-14 14-16 14 16-18 16-18 M4-16 14-16 18-2() 12-14 1M-18 14-16 16-18 14-16 14-16 12-14 18-20 12-14 16-18 12-14 16-18 12-14 12-14 18-20 18-20 12-14 16-18 12-14 14-16 Ro0w shape' S-SC S-SC S-SC SC SC S-SC S S-SC S-SC S-SC SC S SC S SC S SC S SC SC S SC S S( S SCI S S( S S SC S SC S SC SC S-SC SC S SC S-SC S S SC S SC SC SC S SC S SC S SC S S-SC S SC F~ar set ht. In. 27 30 31 35 27 31 21 31 19 32 31 26 31 22 28 31 25 31 2,2 29 37 25 25 17 29 99 19 32 19 24 22 34 22 29 25 :30) .30 26 11 24 Ear Eye filling-, appeal' 'rip cover' 3.38 2.70 3.21) 2.88 2.80) 2.7:3 2.75 2.58 2.78 2.78 3.2(0 2.93 2.63 2.50 2.80 2.35 2.63 2.53 :3.7:3 :3.03 2.55 2.85 2.53 3.0)8 2.83 3.13 2.98 2.80 2.20 2.85 2.38 3.05 3.03 2.95 2.65 2.58 2.65 3.20 2.75 2.90 2.90 verIy oor. ested June 5 at Fairhiope and Julx 2 at Crossville. lied La Soda-Northi Dakota, anid B6987-56 were the two ighdest yielding varieties at Crossville while B7 139-4 and lied La Soda-Wisconsin were the two Ii~l:is yilin arieties at Fairhope, Tal1e 9. Spe- CifC r \TtV N~s iigeneral higher frthe Cosil trial. B36987-56 had the highest specific gravity for 1both locations. This lie has performed very wvell in Alabamna and will be tested in grower trials for the 1976 season. 1B7679-9 had a solid russet skin and was rated ontstanding for eve appeal. Sweet Potatoes (Aubtirn, Clanton, and Cullman). Varieties and breeding lines were obtained from breeders in Februnary and stored at 550 F. until time for presprouting. Seced were presprouted at 85' F. for 2 weeks; treated with 8 ounces of Mertect 340-F in 7.5 gallons of water for 15 to 20 seconds and placed in electric heated beds. Seeds of new intro- duictions are limited, therefore, plant production was :3.08 .3.60 3.00 2.90 3.30 3.55 2.83 3.68 3.73 :3.63 3.68 3.58 2.40 3.03 3.95 3.43 3.25 3.25 :3.38 :3.40 3.51 4.13 3.43 3.35 3.35 3.13 3.40 2.65 3.53 3.26 2.93 2.53 3.38 4.25 3.38 31 6:3 2.901 3.40 3.13 2.35 2.5.3 Shank Flag GroW- Hlarvest length leaves days season dlays "ao In. In. No. Golden Security 94 2.63 3.63 3.25 72 Mid-season Capitan 83 3.50 3.48 2.25 75 Late Apache 93 3.00 3.63 3.00 70 Mid-season Goldenrod ......... 99 3.13 3.85 2.75 72 Mid-season Calumet ....... 95 2.63 2.98 3.50 72 Mid-season Merit . 90 3.25 3.23 3.00 70 Mid-season G-80 (La Se Co) 78 2.63 2.80 2.75 68 Early Triumnphant II 91 3.13 2.70 2.25 72 Mid-season Fanfare .... 78 3.50 3.05 3.38 65 Early (olden Queen 92 3.25 3.13 3.25 75 Late XP 185 A (Robson) 89 3.63 3.90 3.50 72 Mid-season XP 27786 (La Sc Co) 79 3.38 3.20 2.00 68 Early Keystone Ev. Gr. llybrid 98 2.75 2.85 1.75 75 Late Aztec --- 70 3.75 2.18 1.88 65 Early I lybrid Seneca Scout 84 3.13 2.68 3.50 72 Mid-season Silver Queen 94 3.00 3.05 2.75 75 Late XP 70-2428 (Rogers) --- 83 2.50 3.33 2.50 70 Mid-season XP 194 (Robson) -.. 88 3.00 3.10 3.25 75 Late XP' 1331 (Asgrow) 86 3.13 3.38 3.13 65 Early Comet ----- 86 2.88 3.30 2.00 75 Late NCX 243 ---- 96 3.75 2.95 1.50 72 Mid-season Tendersweet 86 2.88 3.28 3.75 72 Mid-season XP 71-2291 (Rogers) 83 3.13 3.13 2.25 72 Mid-season XP 72-1651 (Rogers) 72 3.25 3.18 3.25 65 Early Commander 91 2.50 3.05 3.00 72 Mid-season Comanche . 77 3.75 2.85 2.00 65 Early Wintergreen.- 74 3.13 3.60 2.75 68 Early XP 64-2160 (Rogers) 76 3.25 3.25 2.63 70 Mid-season Buttersweet -. 95 3.00 3.40 2.75 72 Mid-season Hlvbrid Seneca Chief ..... 77 2.63 2.70 3.25 72 Mid-season XP 1791 (NK) . 89 3.50 3.40 3.13 72 Mid-season XP 27787 (La Se Co) 86 3.25 2.93 2.75 68 Early Sweet Tennessee 93 4.40 4.40 2.50 72 Mid-season Seneca Feather 77 2.25 3.25 3.00 68 Early Silverliner. 82 3.25 2.05 2.13 72 Mid-season Salute ...- 82 3.00 3.50 2.00 72 Mid-season NCX 2008 (Niagara) ......-- 97 3.25 2.38 3.00 70 Mid-season Bicolor Silver Queen 9.... 91 3.00 2.58 2.88 72 Mid-season XP 362 (Asgrow) 79 3.75 2.85 2.25 72 Mid-season XP 72-1707 (Rogers) . 62 4.00 2.85 3.63 62 Early Florida Sweet .... 76 3.63 3.33 4.00 72 Mid-season 'Soil test p - 280 (very high); k = 130 (high); pH = 6.4. Rating index: 5 = very easy; 4 easy; 3 - average diffi- culty; 2 - difficult; 1 - very difficult. SRating index: 5 = long; 3 -- medium length; 1 = short. not sufficient for an adequate number of plants for planting in all locations. Plants were set at Auburn June 4 and harvested October 22, at Clanton May 26 and harvested Oc- tober 21, and at Cullman May 12 and harvested Oc- tober 23. Plants were spaced 12 inches apart in 44-inch rows at all locations. At Auburn yields were well below last year. Jewel produced the highest yield of marketable roots, Ta- 1ABOLL 5. (s \I I ' XAIA.ILHs11 015 55 L ORN VARIETIES, CU LLMAN, 1975' Ease Plant of Variety height snap- ing ble 10. Jasper produiced the second highest yield and is the only variety in the trial with soil rot re- sistance. This disease is a problem in some soils, especially in wet years. Skin color varied from cop- per to red to white. At Clanton, Redmar produced the highest yield of marketable roots. Jasper was a close second and Jewel was third. Red Jewel and Centennial also pro- duced good yields. Jewel produced the highest yield and percent of No. 1 potatoes. Yields of Jumbo size roots were low for most varieties. Redmar, Goldmar, and VP 9-51 produced the highest yields of canners. At Cullman, yields were very good for all varieties. L1-207 was the highest yielding and Keyline White was the lowest. Jasper also produced well. Red Jewel, Ti-1885, Jewel, Redmar, and Goldmar pro- duced above 600 bushels of marketable potatoes. Nine of the 15 entries produced above 50 percent U.S. No. 1 roots. Fresh Market Tomatoes (Fairhope and Cullman). Seed were planted March 1 and 14 in the greenhouse at Auburn for Fairhope and Cullman respectively and plants were field transplanted at Fairhope April 15 and May 5 at Cullman. Plants were spaced 15 inches apart in 5-foot rows. Plants were pruned and staked to a 2-leader system at Fairhope and the hinder twine trellis method was used for staking at Cullman. At Fairliope, seventeen harvests were made begin- ning May 29 and ending July 29, Table 11, with fruits harvested at pink and red ripe maturity. Monte Carlo VFN was the highest yielding variety. AU- 75-8, Floradel, Terrific VFN, and AU-75-84 also vielded well. Monte Carlo VFN had the highest vield of 5 X 6 size fruits. Terrific VFN produced the highest yield of culls. Early Girl produced the high- est yield of the observational varieties. This variety is reported not to be resistant to Fusarium wilt. Caution should be exercised in planting this variety where Fusarium wilt is known to be present. Saturn has performed somewhat better than Venus in the Baldwin County area. At Cullman, eighteen harvests were made begin- ning June 27 and ending August 28, Table 12, with fruits harvested at pink and red ripe maturity. AU- 75-12 (a breeding line from Dr. Walter Greenleaf) produced 680 cwxt. with Terrific VFN and Better Boy producing 628 and 612 cwt. respectively. Better Boy produced the highest yield of 5 X 6 fruits in the replicated trial and Wonder Boy VF for the ob- serx ational trial. Wonder Boy VF produced the high- est vield of marketable fruit for all varieties. AU- 75-84 and Bonus VFN also produced well in the ob- servational trial. Florida NMI-1 was among the four lowest yielding varieties. TABLE 6. PICKLING CUCUMIBEn VARIETY TRIAL, AUBURN, 1975' V ariety Marketable yield per acre 2 I Harvest Color' Fruit Spine Vine Carpel separation' ariey No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Total season' shape color' vigor No. 3's No. 4's Cwct. Cwt. Cwt. Ctot. Cwict. Pct. Pct. Replicated Calypso (NC) (G-18) 23.46 116.01 164.17 33.65 337.29 E Score (Asgrow) ... 18.20 98.14 162.37 47.39 326.10 L Triple Cross (TAMNIU) 18.93 99.15 162.08 42.77 322.93 M Explorer (Asgrow) 19.47 95.10 142.54 61.45 :318.56 MN Carolina (Asgrow) 17.61 82.46 139.96 26.17 266.20 M Sumter (Asgrow) 16.07 64.26 114.93 22.84 218.10 M-L Observational FX 3808 (Ferry Morse) 21.50 115.26 173.74 57.63 368.13 E I IC2 (Jl1) 22.74 109.38 173.54 49.66 355.32 E Perfecto Verde (NK) 20.91 99.71 182.49 26.92 330.03 M-L Sampson (NC) (M-28) 22.41 112.45 154.20 39.60 328.66 M Expt. 816 (NK) 24.89 103.43 166.87 30.45 325.64 MN (,ren Spear (NK) 26.79 105.07 138.72 46.00 316.58 MNI-L Addis (NC) (M-11) 26.59 97.55 128.39 17.58 270.11 M NCX 5004 (Niagara) 16.27 83.18 106.44 57.11 263.00 M 73-15 (AR) ,-_ 18.62 86.51 129.44 22.61 257.18 M PSX 474 (Peto) 15.62 79.32 116.37 35.54 246.85 E 73-58 (Al) . 24.31 77.10 105.46 32.41 239.10 M-L NCX 5002 (Niagara) 10.78 68.08 112.25 39.99 231.10 E Good Good Good Good Good Good C Good G Fair G Fair DG Good G Fair G Good DG Good G Good DG Fair G Poor DG Good C Fair Wh Excellent 2 Wh Excellent 1 Wh Excellent 2 Wh Excellent 0 Wh Good 0 Wh Good 5 Wh Good 4 Wh Good 2 Wh Good 1 Wh Excellent 7 Wh Excellent 0 Wh Good 3 Wh Good 0 Wh Good 0 Wh Good 3 Wh Excellent 3 Wh Good 7 Wh Excellent 2 ' Soil test p 520 (ElI); k 70 (low); pH = 5.4. 1 ton limestone applied per acre. No. 1 size ranged up to 1 / inch in diameter; No. 2 size ranged from l, to 11/2 inches in diameter; No. 3 size ranged from 11/ to 2 inches in diameter; No. 4 size ranged fronm 2 to 21/4 inches in diameter. 'E - early; M = mid-season; L late. G green; LG - light green; DC = dark green. Wh - white. " Carpel separation was based on the percent of fruits cut that had open or air spaces in ithe middle. TABLE 7. SLICING CUCUMBER VARIETY TRIAL, CULLMAN, 19751 Variety Marketable Fruit Length Color Shape ine Uniformity a Eye Season Variety yield/acre size vigor 3 appeaP Bu. Lb. In. Victory 731 .35 7.10 3 3.5 4 3.5 3.33 Mid-season PSX 233-176-71 --------- 683 .33 7.63 3 4 4 4 3.67 Early Slice Master 657 .33 8.05 3.5 3 4 3 3.17 Mid-season Sprint - ---- ---------- 643 .33 7.05 3 3 4 3 3.00 Early GS-1 626 .34 7.43 3 3 4 3 3.00 Early Poinsett 536 .35 7.30 3 3 4 3 3.00 Late FX 3910 ......... 499 .39 8.60 2 4 4 3 3.00 Mid-season Slicerite ---------- 486 .36 7.28 2 3 4 3 2.67 Mid-season Tex-TP ----------- .50 .34 7.08 3 4 4 4.5 3.83 Mid-season Sweet Slice 319 .44 8.00 1.5 5 4 5 3.83 Very early Victory Trellised' 866 .33 ..... Sweet Slice Trellised- 676 .42 ...... SSoil test results: p = 470 (EH); k = 140 (H); pH = 6.0. SBushel - 50 pounds. 'Rating index: 5 excellent, 4 =good; 3 -- fair; 2 = poor; 1 - very poor. Trellis material was a commercial nylon net hung between a bottom and top wire approximately 5 to 6 feet apart. Vines were trained on to the trellis and required several corrective treatments to get established. TABLE 8. EGGPLANT VARIETY TRIAL, CULLMAN, 1975' Mar- ket- Yield/ able Fruit Fruit Eye Variety acre fruit size colore ap- Shape' Spines per peal' plant Cwt. No. Lb. Blackoval HIybrid 566 12 1.04 P 3.0 E 4.0 MNlidnite IHybrid 433 9 1.07 P 3.0 O 3.0 lersey King llHybrid 417 12 .78 DP 5.0 E 1.0 Florida I lighlbush 345 8 1.00 LP 4.0 O 3.0 Peerless lybrid 344 10 .80 DP 4.0 E 1.0 Black Magic Slybrid 344 7 1.08 P 2.0 R 2.5 Early Beauty Hlybrid _ 338 13 .59 P 5.0 Pompano Pride 337 7 1.06 P 3.0 Mission Bell . 328 7 1.14 LP 2.5 Florida Market . 315 7 1.05 LP 8.5 tlybrid No. 29 _272 5 1.23 P 2.0 Black Beauty 268 6 1.10 LP 2.0 Blacknite Hybrid__ 258 8 .70 B 5.0 Long Purple - 152 6 .60 LP 3.0 E 5.0 O 1.0 R 2.5 O 2.0 R 4.0 R 4.0 E 1.0 E 5.0 Soil test p = 320 (VH); k = 150 (H); pH = 6.1. '- 1 - purple, B very dark purple that could be considered black; DP - dark purple; PB - purple to black; LP light purple. Rating index: 5 = excellent; 4 = good; 3 = fair; 2 = poor; 1 very poor. ' R round; E = elongated; O oval. 1 many; 5 few to none. [6] TABLE 9. POTATO VARIETY TRIALS, CROSSVILLE AND J'AIBIIOPF,, 1975' VreyMarketable yield/acre Specific Eye Eye Skin Eye aieyTotal Size A' Size B gravity depth' size' coor Shape appeal' Cwt. Cwt. Cwt. Bed La Soda-North Dakota ---- B 6987-56 ------ ----------- --- --- Bed La Soda-Wisconsin_--------- B 6987-29 --------------- -------- B 7603-1 ---- ------- ----- --- --- --- W isconsin 729R ------------------- B 7 139-4 ------------ --------- ----- B 7152-14 -------- ------ -- ---- - - Frito Lay 795 -------------- ---- --- K ennebec ------ ---------- --- La Rouge Wisconsin ------ ----- W ischip (W is. 623) --- - -------- La Chipper-Wisconsin ------------- L~a Chipper-North Dakota -------- B 7679-9 --- --------------- -- --- Frito Lay 162 - ---------- - ----- -- -- Superior Wisconsin ---- ------------ B6567-12 ----------- - ----- B 7768-4 ------- ----------- Norchip North Dakota------------- Frito Lay 282--------------- ------ B 7603-6 ---------- - ----------- - B 7650-9 --------- - - -- ----------- B 6987-43 ------------------- ---- --- Norchip W isconsin ----- --------- B 7595-3 ----- ----- ------- --- B 7190-2 ------------ ----- ----- ---- B 7669-2 -- ---- - -- - ---- ------------- B 7958-1 ------------ ----- --- - B B1 B B B F F N L M B N L L F B Si Crossville 20 19 20 17 19 .35 13 21 22 28 20 29 30 25 30 26 19 14 20 20 16 14 23 12 16 20 9 22 8 Fairhope 1.074 1.094 1.076 1.09 1 1.080 1.080 1.094 1.077 1.093 1.083 1.082 1.086 1.084 1.084 1.090 1.090 1.086 1.080) 1.090 1.089 1.093 1.082 1.088 1.088 1.089 1.081 1.088 1.073 1.071 7139-4 ----------------------- .- 353 33.3 20 1.086 'ed La Soda-Wisconsin ----------- 324 310 14 1.062 6567-12 _ -------------------- ~ 318 300 18 1.073 ed La Soda-North Dakota ---- - 312 300 12 1.060 6987-56 - - ------------- 295 272 23 1.088 rito Lay 795------ - ------------ --- 288 267 21 1.086 /iscbip (Wis. 623) -------------- 271 232 39 1.074 rito Lay 162 - --------------- . 261 240 21 1.077 orchip-North Dakota------------------- 20 233 27 1.077 a Rouge-Wisconsin ---- ------ 255 237 18 1.062 /isconsin 729R ---------------- - 255 232 23 1.073 7152-14 --------------------------------- 249 225 24 1.059 7595-3 -- -------------------- 233 203 30 1.071 orchip-Wisconsin ------------- 220 198 22 1.078 a Chipper-North Dakota --------- 211 188 23 1.069 a Chipper-Wisconsin --------- 210 182 28 1.068 rito Lay 282 ------- ----- - -- - --- 206 191 13 1.086 7190-2 ------------------- - ---- 190 172 18 1.077 rperior-Wisconsin -------------- 174 149 25 1.074 'Crossville: Soil test p = 300 (VII); k - 90 (M); pH = 5.3. Fair hope: Soil test p 2 Size A potatoes with 17/ inches diameter and larger. Size B = potatoes with 'S = shallow; M = medium; D =.deep. 'S = small; M medium; L =large. 'Wh = white; SR =some russet. '5 = excellent; 4 =good; 3 poor; 2 =fair; 1 very poor. Red Wh-SR Bed Wh Pink Red Wh Wvh NAh 'Nh lied Wh XWh Wh Russet Wh--SR W'h-SR NxII 'Nh ISR 'Nh 'Nh P-SR P-SR Wh-SR W1h Pink 'Nh 'Nh Pink Round Round Bound B hiat Oval Round B1-fat Bound B-Olat B-long Bound Bound B-Olat R-flat Long Round Bound Round Bound Bound B-Olat Oval Bound Bound Bound B-flat Bound Long Bounid =340 (VfI); k =220 (VII); p11 5.2. 112 to 1 7/8 inches diameter. [7 1 TABLE 10. SWEEr POTATO VARIETY TBIALS, AUBURN, CLANTON AND CULLMAN, 1975' Marketable yield per acre Variety U.S. Can Jumbo' Total No. Skin color No. 1 2 ners b Bu.' Bu. Bu. Bu. Pct. Auburn Jewel --------- 274 162 102 538 51 Copper Jasper (L9-190) 218 120 77 415 53 Rose to copper LO-69 - _ 179 138 58 375 48 Copper Keyline White' ..... 164 175 23 362 45 White Cl 1-4919 ......... 251 101 0 352 71 Yellow Red Jewel ........... 161 132 56 329 49 Red NC-320 155 150 24 329 47 Rose Centennial ........... 147 63 91 301 49 Copper Ti-1885 ------------ 132 136 16 284 46 Rose Ti-1890- 99 109 54 262 38 Yellow NC-311 125 36 80 241 52 Yellow to copper L1-207 ----------- 93 103 27 223 42 Rose to copper VP 9-51 .............. 89 119 15 223 40 Copper Goldmar . 79 103 23 205 39 Copper Redmar - 118 76 3 197 60 Red VP-63 ------------ 133 52 44 185 72 Copper to rose Clanton Redmar - 176 368 4 548 32 Jasper .... - 258 250 26 534 48 jewel ................. 313 140 80 533 59 Red Jewel ............ 239 207 50 499 48 Centennial ------------ 130 349 19 498 26 Goldmar ---------------- 176 368 4 548 32 NC-311 ................. 220 179 68 465 47 L1-207 ---- 166 246 3.3 445 37 VI 9-51 73 360 5 418 17 Ti-1890 111 251 13 375 30 Keyline White ----- 117 241 0 358 33 Ti- 1885 145 201 0 346 42 LO-69 ..................- 140 198 0 338 41 C1 1-4919 ---------------- 112 185 0 297 38 NC-320 .................- 89 204 0 293 30 Cullman I -207 --------- .... .. 447 190 204 841 53 lasper ....... . 382 287 39 708 54 Red Jewel .......... .381 166 119 666 57 Ti-1885 295 316 44 655 45 Jewel 369 164 117 650 57 Redmar 295 343 11 649 45 Coldmar - 376 257 0 633 59 NC-311 - 308 119 172 599 51 Ti-1890- 287 220 85 592 48 Centennial -------- 335 176 75 586 57 NC-320 -------........... 234 295 30 559 42 LO-69 -......... 201 285 16 502 40 VI 9-51 - 215 277 5 497 43 Cll-4919 ..............- 300 187 0 487 62 Keyline White ---- 245 171 36 452 54 'Auburn: Soil test p = 340 (VII); k = 80 (medium); pH - 6.0. Clanton: Soil test p 120 (H); k = 120 (H); piH = 5.9. Cullnan: Soil test p - 300 (V11); k = 140 (H); pi1 = 6.0. 2 U.S. No. 1 roots were 2 to 31/2 inches in diameter, 3 to 9 inches in length, well shaped and free of defects. Canners were 1 to 2 inches in diameter and 2 to 7 inches in length. 'jumb) roots exceeded the diameter, length and weight re- quirements for the No. 1 grade but are of marketable quality. 'Bushel - 55 pounds. 'This selection was furnished by Dr. Booker T. Whatley of Tus- kegee Institute and carries the name of the farm from which it was obtained. TABLE 11. STAKED FIRESH MARK Fl "i[OMALO TIIAL, IAIIOI'E, 1975' Variety Source Monte Carlo VFN -. Petoseed AU-75-8 (Fr) -------------......... Greenleaf Floradel - - _ Asgrow Terrific VFN Petoseed AU-75-84 (FBC,) Greenleaf Tropic Asgrow Better Boy VFN Petoseed Bonnie Nematode Resistant_ Bonnie Farms Creole -- LSU AU-75-12 (F) Greenleaf W alter ..... . ...........- ........- A sgrow f lomestead Elite ---- ......... Ferry Morse Honestead 500 Petoseed Florida M- I - - Florida AES Traveler .............. Petoseed Homestead 24 Niagara lomestead 61 Petoseed Sunbmrst - - - Clemson Early Ciml ..... Bonus (VFN) Wonder Boy (VF) XP 2011 -- Saturn V enus -.-.. ..... ............... B urpee Petoseed ............... Petoseed .....-. Asgrow .............. T w illey .............- T w illey Marketable yield/acre' 5 X 6' Ciwt. 269.76 133.05 219.39 197.05 178.86 231.34 217.63 141.27 148.70 122.42 100.26 127.30 109.74 110.08 76.40 85.42 79.49 44.31 61.26 155.16 146.29 134.23 41.02 41.75 Culls 6 X 6 6 X 7 Total' Total Cracks Catface Others' Cwct. Cwt. Cwt. Cwct. Pct. Pet. Pct. Replicated 127.87 71.14 162.74 143.33 117.65 87.82 145.72 76.25 135.39 89.25 120.89 47.15 111.08 48.23 126.90 88.27 102.12 97.87 131.64 88.30 109.88 77.90 84.79 67.08 82.76 69.33 80.43 65.10 71.11 87.99 70.45 70.17 75.95 62.13 56.24 107.49 Observational 156.76 207.68 119.55 67.47 82.57 50.76 64.14 39.64 71.26 76.33 42.46 69.23 468.77 439.12 424.86 419.02 403.50 399.38 376.94 356.44 348.69 342.36 288.04 279.17 261.83 255.61 235.50 225.04 217.57 208.04 425.70 342.18 279.62 238.01 188.61 153.44 107.47 58.89 65.24 143.43 68.86 67.54 99.55 67.88 78.34 69.00 63.77 43.90 47.46 40.42 34.01 35.13 66.56 58.13 125.94 158.14 168.73 60.49 112.72 45.79 Soil test p 110 (high); k = 90 (medium); pH = 5.7. 1 ton limestone applied per acre. Size yields reported here are in accordance with the size standards established by the USDA for the Los Angeles type lug arrange- ments. 5 X 6 arrangement: minimum diameter 2-11/16 inches; maximum diameter 3-3/16 inches. 6 X 6 arrangement: minimum diameter 2-8/16 inches; maximum diameter 2-14/16 inches. 6 X 7 arrangement: ninimun diameter 2-4/16 inches; maxiinum diameter 2-10/16 inches. " Some fruits in this size arrangement were larger than standard sizes. 4 While fruits were graded as carefully as possible under field conditions, no rigid effort was made to grade for a strict U.S. No. 1 grade. Fruits were separated for cull conditions as reported here. 'Others were mostly tomatoes too small to be marketed in the above sizes. Some were from rots, insect damage, mechanical damage and misshapen fruits. E early; M = mid-season; L = late. Harvest season' TABLL 12. STAKED FRESi MIAoKET TOMATO TRIA, CULLMAN, 19751 Marketable yield per acre- Culls Harvest Variety Source 5 X 6' 6 X 6 6 X 7 Total' Total Cracks Catface Others' season" Cwt. Cwt. Cwt. Cwt. Cwt. Pct. Pct. Pct. Replicated AU-75-12 (F) Greenleaf 189.45 382.06 108.88 680.39 89 0 15 85 L Terrific VFN ------------ Petoseed 209.66 315.95 103.10 628.71 152 1 29 70 L Better Boy VFN Petoseed 219.39 324.61 68.53 612.53 141 3 48 49 L Homestead Elite ------------- -... Ferry Morse 174.03 325.55 86.32 585.90 187 1 30 69 M Floradel PS .... ............... Petoseed 160.75 290.04 117.33 568.12 226 1 24 75 M-L Monte Carlo VFN Petoseed 134.06 306.28 120.26 560.60 204 2 36 62 M-L Homestead 500 Petoseed 89.49 339.51 120.19 549.19 160 0 16 84 E Tropic Asgrow 185.06 286.90 76.96 548.92 187 2 42 56 M-L Homestead 24 Niagara 85.36 327.68 115.35 528.39 155 1 20 79 M Bonnie Nematode Resistant Bonnie Farms 110.02 305.91 103.83 519.76 176 1 22 77 M Hlomestead 61 Petoseed 85.43 291.52 134.15 511.10 190 1 16 83 M Traveler Petoseed 17.09 303.21 171.99 492.29 131 0 9 91 M Supermarket Asgrow 61.45 283.11 130.18 474.74 141 3 13 84 M XP 2011 ........................... Asgrow 103.53 264.97 89.26 457.76 228 2 22 76 M Saturn - .Twilley 4.84 194.64 148.42 347.90 232 1 12 87 L Venus Twilley 6.01 173.44 153.03 332.48 255 0 10 90 M Walter Early Strain... Petoseed 59.54 188.51 83.27 331.32 212 1 18 81 E Observational Wonder Boy VF - Petoseed 332.76 333.46 47.25 713.47 189 5 50 45 L AU-75-84 (FBC) G............. Creenleaf 80.92 421.52 128.07 630.51 99 0 15 85 L Bonus VFN ..... Petoseed 227.10 307.67 70.08 604.85 131 0 27 73 E VFN Bush ... Petoseed 170.13 284.05 91.09 545.27 119 0 9 91 L AU-75-8 (F,) C................. Greenleaf 35.06 274.15 202.26 511.47 214 0 16 84 M-L Avalanche --- Petoseed 149.04 287.50 66.46 503.00 157 1 33 66 M Early Girl Burpee 3.52 216.37 258.36 478.25 266 2 5 93 E Florida MI-1 Florida AES 45.48 249.62 102.24 397.34 189 0 21 79 E Soil test p = 300 (very high); k = 90 (medium); pH = 5.4. 1 ton limestone applied per acre. Size yields reported here are in accordance with the size standards established by the USDA for the Los Angeles type lug arrange- ments. 5 X 6 arrangement: minimum diameter 2-11/16 inches; maximum diameter 3-3/16 inches. 6 X 6 arrangement: minimum diameter 2-8/16 inches; maximum diameter 2-14/16 inches. 6 X 7 arrangement: minimum diameter 2-4/16 inches; maximum diameter 2-10/16 inches. ' Some fruits in this size arrangement were larger than standard sizes. ' While fruits were graded as carefully as possible under field conditions, no rigid effort was made to grade for a strict U.S. No. 1 grade. Fruits were separated for cull conditions as reported here. SOthers were mostly tomatoes too small to be marketed in the above sizes. Some were from rots, insect damage, mechanical damage and misshappen fruits. 'E = early; M - mid-season; L = late. [10 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to thank those who assisted in the research. They were: J. E. Barrett, Jr., Super- intendent; N. R. McDaniel, Assistant Superintendent; John T. Owen, III, Assistant Superintendent; and Frank E. Garrett, retired, State Department of Agri- culture and Industries, Gulf Coast Substation; C. C. Carlton, Superintendent; and Kenneth C. Short, As- sistant Superintendent; Chilton Area Horticulture Substation; Marlin II. Hollingsworth, Superinten- dent, North Alabama Horticulture Substation; John T. Eason, Superintendent, and Frank E. Lowry, As- sistant Superintendent, Sand Mountain Substation; William H. IIearn, Research Data Analysis, and Fred N. Wamble, Work Study Student. [ 11 Auburn University is an Equal Opportunity Emnployer