Some Statistical Characteristics
Of Part-time Beef Farming
In the South
By
Odell L. Walker
and
Raleigh Jobes
Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin 205
December, 1975

SOME STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
PART-TIME BEEF FARMING IN THE SOUTH
By
Odell L. Walker
and
Raleigh A. Jobes
Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin 205
September 1975

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................... ii
LIST OF FIGURES...... , .................................................... ii
PREFACE......... ............................................... ......iii
S-67 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE................................................ iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................... v
INTRODUCTION............................................................ 1
DATA............................................... ...................... 3
THE IMPORTANCE OF PART-TIME BEEF FARMING................6..................6
AGE AND EDUCATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PART-TIME BEEF FARMERS................ 7
FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PART-TIME BEEF FARMERS......................... 8
FARM AND NON-FARM WORK OF FAMILY MEMBERS.................................. 9
BEEF PRODUCTION PRACTICES................................................ 10
REFERENCES............................................................. 
. . 11
ADDITIONAL SOUTHERN REGION PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO PART-TIME FARM 
OPERATORS. 11
LIST OF TABLES
Table no. 
Page
1. Percentage Distribution of Beef Farm 
Number, Acres, Openland
Acres, Cows and Stockers by Days of Off-Farm 
Work by Beef
Farm Operators, Selected Subregions of 
the South, 1968........ 12
2. Beef Farm Numbers and Resource 
and Livestock Mixes by Days of
Off-Farm Work by the Farm Operator, Selected 
Sub regions of the
South, 1968................................................... 
21
3. Selected Beef Farm 
Operator Age and Education 
Characteristics
by Days Operator Worked Off-Farm, Selected 
Subregions of the
South, 1968................................................... 30
4. Average Number of Days of Off-Farm Work by Farm 
Operators for
Operator Age Groups on Beef Farms, 
Selected Subregions of the
South, 1968.............. .................................... 37
5. Off-Farm Income of 
Beef Farm Operators by 
Days of Off-Farm Work
and Education Level, Selected Subregions of the South, 1968... 
43
6. Beef Farm Average Financial Characteristics 
by Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm, Selected Subregions 
of the South, 1968....... 48
7. Average Financial 
Characteristics and 
Income of Operators
Reporting Days Worked Off-Farm by 
Operator Age Groups on Beef
Farms, Selected Subregions of the South, 1968................. 
57
8. Index of Help with Farm Work by Family 
Members According to
Amount of Off-Farm Work by Beef Farm Operators, 
Selected Sub-
regions of the South, 1968.................................... 
62
9. Average Number of Days of Off-Farm Work 
and Off-Farm Income per
Family Member by Amount of Off-Farm Work 
by Operator for Beef
Farms, Selected Subregions of the South, 1968................. 
69
10. Herd Replacement Practices of Beef Farm 
Operators by Days
Operator Worked Off-Farm, Selected Subregions 
of the South,
1968 .......................................................... 
76
11. Calf Production Practices by Days Beef 
Farm Operators Worked Off-
Farm, Selected Subregions of the South, 1968.................. 
83
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure no. 
Page
1. Subregions Included in Southern Regional 
Beef Cattle Study.... 4
ii
PREFACE
This bulletin is one in a series of Southern Cooperative bulletins.
Under the procedure of cooperative publication it becomes, in effect, 
a
separate publication for each of the cooperating stations listed. 
It is
suggested that copies be requested from one source only. Requests from
outside the cooperating states should be addressed to the South 
Carolina
Agricultural Experiment Station.
R. D. Rouse, Director and Dean, Alabama Agricultural 
Experiment Station,
Auburn
Lloyd O. Warren, Director, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment 
Station,
Fayettevi 11 e
3. W. Sites, Dean, Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural 
Sciences,
Gainesville
W. P. Flatt, Director, Georgia Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Athens
E. C. Barnhart, Director and Dean, Kentucky Agricultural 
Experiment Station,
Lexington
Doyle Chambers, Director, Louisiana Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Baton Rouge
J. H. Anderson, Director, Mississippi Agriculture 
and Forestry Experiment Station,
State College
J. C. Williamson, Jr., Director, North 
Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station,
Raleigh
Frank H. Baker, Director, Oklahoma Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Stillwater
W. C. Godley, Director, South Carolina Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Clemson
J. A. Ewing, Dean, Tennessee Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Knoxville
Jarvis E. Miller, Director, Texas Agricultural 
Experiment Station, College Station
C. T. Wilson, Director, Virginia 
Agricultural Experiment Station, 
Blacksburg
Agricultural Experiment Stations 
of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, 
Louisiana,
Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, 
South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas 
and Virginia
cooperating with the Farm Production 
Economics Division, Economic 
Research Service,
United States Department of Agriculture.
iii
S-67 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
Alabama
Arkansas
Georgia
Kentucky
Louisiana
Mississippi
North Carolina
Oklahoma
South Carolina
Tennessee
Sidney C. Bell
Waymon A. Halbrook
John R. Allison and Fred Saunders
Fred E. Justus, Jr.
Donald C. Huffman
James G. Dillard
R. K. Perrin
Odell L. Walker
John W. Hubbard
Luther H. Keller
Texas Ray Billingsley
Virginia Ralph G. Kline
FPED-ERS-USDA Charles P. Butler
TVA Curtis Ahrens
CSRS, USDA Glenn R. Smith
Administrative Advisor R. D. Rouse
Members of Regional Report Sub-Committee S-67
Charles P. Butler, Chairman Donald C. Huffman
Curtis Ahrens J. Rod Martin
James G. Dillard John G. Stovall
Waymon A. Halbrook
Contributors to this Report
State Experiment Station Personnel
Alabama Robbin McIntyre
Oklahoma Raleigh Jobes
South Carolina Thomas A. Burch
Tennessee Charles M. CuskadE
Virginia Charles Cameron
FPED Personnel
Henry C. Gilliam, Jr., J. Rod Martin, and James E. Nix
an Jh G So
iv
'all
en
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This report is based in part on research developed from regional
research project S-67, "Evaluation of the Beef Production 
Industry in the
South."' This project is a cooperative effort 
of State Agricultural Experi-
ment Stations in 12 southern states, the Farm 
Production Economics Division
of the Economic Research Service, and the Tennessee 
Valley Authority.
The overall objectives of the regional project 
were: (1) to determine
various resource characteristics and combinations 
employed in beef production
trends that have occurred, (2) to evaluate 
the micro and macro economic
effects of selected aspects of alternative 
beef production systems, and (3)
to estimate for selected alternative 
systems of beef production the relative
effects on firm survival and/or growth 
of constraints, such as forage produc-
tion risks, price risks, institutional 
restrictions, and changes in value 
of
assets.

Some Statistical Characteristics of Part-time Beef Farming in the South
Odell L. Walker*
and
Raleigh A. Jobes*
Introduction
This is one of a series of reports on the beef cattle industry in the
South.[2] The purpose of this report is to provide data and observations con-
cerning characteristics of beef farms and farm operators reporting different
amounts of off-farm work. Comparisons within and among regions in the South
can be made to develop an understanding of the relationship between the level
of off-farm employment and the farming and non-farming opportunities in an area.
A broad analysis of the effects of part-time farming on agricultural pro-
duction and rural development is beyond the scope of this report. However,
data concerning part-time farmers can be useful to researchers in farm management-
production economics, policy and rural development, as well as to policy makers
and decision makers in business and industry.
Economic logic and empirical observation suggest that increasing numbers of
part-time farmers can have important implications for organization of agricultural
production and development of rural areas [1]. Production relationships on part-
time farms may differ because:
1) Farm operators working off the farm may organize resources
and respond to price changes differently than full-time
operators.
2) Part-time operators may have different demand functions for
production inputs, 
particularly 
land and labor.
*Professor and Assistant Professor, respectively, of Agricultural Economics
at Oklahoma State University.
3) Part-time operators may achieve different levels of
efficiency than their full-time counterparts.
Differences in organization can be hypothesized on the basis of different
sets of objectives for part-time versus full-time farmers. For example, at-
titudes concerning risk or the utility of another dollar of expected income
from additional managerial activity may logically differ between a farmer with
no sure off-farm income and one with an off-farm job which provides a regular
income. Alternatively, the difference in response could be derived from the
resources available to the operator, particularly operator and family labor.
Demand for a production input such 
as land may differ between part-time
and full-time operators because of the relative weight placed on land control
(rentership or ownership) for reasons other than production (e.g., rural living
or recreation). At least, the incremental unit of land for a full-time operator
is likely to be for production rather than for some form of direct consumption.
The part-time operator is potentially a unique factor in the land market.
If the part-time operator is less efficient than the full-time operator,
aggregate production could suffer with increases in resources controlled by
part-time farm operators. Clearly, economic forces can operate so that re-
sources finally reach the hands of the more efficient producer. However,
differences in managerial objectives or in reasons for using certain resources
may offset efficiency considerations.
Relationships which may make the magnitude of part-time farming important
to rural development are:
1) Part-time farming implies a greater number of farm units
for a given region. It freezes families to a locale
(maybe several miles from the farm) and maintains local
demand for public and private goods and services. With-
out part-time farming, the effects on rural communities
of the off-farm exodus of the '50's would have been more
severe.
2) The rural manpower supply is enhanced by part-time 
farming.
3) As a result of population density derived from regular 
or
weekend rural residents, investment in land and improvements
such as homes, water, recreational facilities, rural 
roads,
utilities, and appearance may be stimulated. Economies 
of
size (population) could operate to make many of these
feasible.
4) Part-time farming can change the age structure 
of rural
areas.
Data
The data presented in this report 
are from a regional survey of representa-
tive farms in selected subregions 
of the South. The descriptive data 
facilitate
assessment of part-time farming 
in the South at one point in time.
Butler describes the survey which provided the data 
as follows:
The southern region includes 13 states, extending 
from Texas on the west
to the Atlantic coast. The study was conducted 
in selected subregions of
11 of these states, figure 11. The 
information was obtained from inter-
views with selected farm operators. The subregions 
included in the study
were identified by state representatives on 
the technical committee con-
ducting the study. Open country segments were 
selected systematically
for study in each subregion. Two uniform questionnaires, 
one for beef
and one for non-beef farms, were used to interview 
farmers in the sample
segments.
For this study, a farm was defined as 
'a place with 50 or more acres of
openland or with $1,000 or more gross receipts from farming.' Farms 
with
10 or more head of beef cattle, exclusive 
of nursing calves, were classed
as 'beef farms', whereas farms with less than 
10 head of beef cattle were
classed as 'non-beef'.
2  
Counts were made of farms and non-farm households
1
A similar but less comprehensive study was 
conducted in North Carolina.
Since the sampling and processing procedures 
differed considerably from the study
reported here, the results are presented 
separately in A Survey of Beef Production
Patterns in the Mountains and Piedmont of North 
Carolina. N. C. State University,
April 1972.
2
1n planning this study, the Technical Committee concluded that farms with
fewer than 10 beef cattle were 
not operating commercial beef enterprises. 
They
designated these as non-beef farms 
to distinguish them from farms with 
10 or more
head of beef cattle whose beef enterprises 
were considered of commercial importance.
In the usual use, type-of-farm classifications 
are based on gross receipts; thus,
farms designated as beef-farms because 
they had a beef enterprise assumed to be 
of
commercial importance may not be a beef-farm 
according to the usual classical def-
inition. Using this definition, an estimated 
210,419 beef-farms in the study
region on January 1, 1969 represented 57.3 percent of 
all farms estimated to be in
the study region [2].
SUBREGIONS INCLUDED IN SOUTHERN REGIONAL BEEF CATTLE STUDY
C1.Lower idot (G., la.
N. C., & S. C.)
02. Upper Coatalt i(Ga. & S. C.)
04. Tobacco Area (N. C. & S. C.)
05. CLower Coastal (S. C.)
07. 1lackbet (A701. & Mis.)
09. 1Tnn. Highland Rm & Ctral0
10. Applachian (Tnn.,V., & 
N. C.)
12. Virg4iiaShnandoah 7a11e7
13. Upper Piedmont 7Va. & N. C.)
15. Buegass 01e1 (Ky.)
Western Coal Fild Aea (Ky.)
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
Ohio Rve,Pennyroyal Area 
(Ky.)
781sippi clay Hills
(Arkt. & La.)
Al1uv111 Mxetd (L.1
Ozark Highland (Ark. & Ohl.)
Central1 Arh. & Southast 0k1a.
Northeast1OFlahoma
and the distribution of farm sizes in the sample segments. This infor-
mation provided a basis for expanding the data from the sample farms to
aggregates for the subregions.
Although the sample was systematically selected for geographical distri-
bution within the subregions, the rate of sampling was not the same in
each subregion. Because of the small sample in some subregions, the
standard error of mean for some items is large, especially for the size
groupings that are relatively small. In general, results from the survey
compare clbsely with expectations 
based on other statistical data such
as the Census of Agriculture and Statistical Reporting Service.
In five of the subregions, detailed records 
were not obtained from non-
beef farms, but a count was made of the number of acres of openland they
operated and the total number of beef cattle in 1968.
The data from the farm interviews were uniformly coded and compiled'on
computer tape. Computer programs were written to retrieve and summarize
the data. The measure taken to standardize the sampling method, collec-
tion, transcribing, and analyzing the data should result in maximum com-
parability among subregions [2].
The 1969 Census of Agriculture defines a part-time farmer as one under the
age of 65 who works 100 days or more off the farm and has a gross farm income
of $1,500 to $2,499. Clearly, the survey data used in this study go beyond
both age and gross farm income constraints of the Census. The data pertain
to operators with 10 or more beef cattle, excluding calves, and at least 50
acres or $1,000 or more gross receipts from farming.
In this report, the categories of part-time farmers are based on days that
the operator worked off-farm during 1968: None, No Report, 1-99 days, 100-249
days, and more than 249 days of off-farm employment. An individual working off-
farm five days a week for 50 weeks per year, allowing two weeks of vacation, will
work 250 days. Thus, he is employed essentially full-time off-farm. An estimated
24 percent of the beef farms surveyed had operators who worked 250 days or more
off-farm. The 1969 Agricultural Census data for all farms in the 12 states
indicate that 56 percent of all farms reported some part-time off-farm work.
Data are presented in 11 tables to allow comparisons 
among farms and
farmers with differing days of off-farm work within subregions of the South.
The text highlights, but by no means exhausts, potential analyses of these
relationships.
The Importance of Part-Time Beef Farmin
Beef farmers operated about 57 percent of all farms in the areas surveyed,
controlled 76 percent of all openland, and had 97 percent of all the beef cows
[2]. Table 1 presents similar percentage relationships for the subregions by
number of days that the operator worked off the farm. Total acres in farms,
openland acreage, number of cows, and number of stockers on beef and non-
beef farms were used as the bases for the percentages, and for the average
data reported in Table 23. The differences between the percentages for beef
farms and 100 are the percentages for non-beef farms.
The number of beef farms was divided into categories according to
days worked off-farm. For example, Table 1 indicates that all beef farms
in subregion 2, representing 48 percent of the total farms in the subregion,
include 66 percent of all the farmland acres, 73.2 percent of all the open-
land on farms, and 97 percent of all beef cows on farms. The category of beef
farms reporting 100 to 249 days of off-farm work by the farm operator repre-
sented 2.8 percent of all farms while controlling two percent of all the acres
in farms in the subregion, 1.9 percent of all the openland on farms in the
subregion, and 5.2 percent of all beef cows on farms. Since the percentage
figures represent proportions of the aggregate figure, they must be converted
to show proportions of only the beef farm category. In subregion 2, this would
mean that the farmers that worked 100 to 249 days off-farm represented 5.8
percent of all beef farms, 3.0 percent of the farmland acres controlled by
beef farms, 2.6 percent of the openland on beef farms, and 5.4 percent of the
beef cows on beef farms.
3
The base for subregions 27,? 28, 29 and 30 was beef farms because non-beef
farms were not included in the survey. The base is labeled "All Farms".
In only two subregions (the South Carolina Tobacco Area and the Lower
Coastal Area of Georgia and South Carolina) did beef farms control 
less than
50 percent of the acres in farms. Disregarding subregions that 
did not report
complete information about non-beef farms, the range in 
percentage of all acres
included in beef farms was from 40.9 percent for the S.C. Tobacco Area to 
95.3
percent for the South Texas Plain.
The relative importance of full-time vs. 
part-time beef farms is reflected
in Table 1. More than 50 percent of the beef farms had full-time operators 
in
24 of the 34 subregions. In general, beef producers reporting 
no days of off-farm
work operated more acres, had more cropland, larger herds, 
and tended to have more
livestock enterprises. An unexpected finding was that farms 
with operators work-
ing more than 249 days off-farm had the largest number 
of farms and percentage
of area resources among the part-time farms in 26 of 
the 34 areas.
Farm size and number of cows per farm were frequently 
as large on the farms
where the operator worked full-time off-farm as on 
farms where the operator worked
off-farm only part-time (Table 2). Data in 
Table 2 relating to other livestock
per farm have the total number of farms 
reporting (the third column of the table)
as a base. Dairying was not important 
on any of the beef farms. Broilers 
and
layers tended to occur on full-time 
rather than part-time beef farms. Swine
enterprises occurred with almost equal 
frequency in all categories of part-time
and full-time beef farms.
Age and Education Characteristics of Part-Time Beef 
Farmers
The information in Table 3 concerning 
the age and education of part-time
farmers should be useful in studying part-time 
farming and anticipating future
developments. Several broad generalizations seem 
warranted. In all subregions
studied, the average age of farmers reporting no off-farm work was greater than
the average age of all beef farmers; thus, farmers working off-farm 
were younger
than their full-time counterparts. In many of the subregions, the farmers who
worked the most days off-farm were the youngest or very close to the youngest
group across the days 
worked categories,
As indicated by Table 4, only a few beef farmers were less than 25 years
of age and most in that group were full-time farmers. Farmers over 65 were
important in total number but few worked off-farm. The majority of farmers
were in the 25-44 and 45-64 age groups, with the 45-64 group the most numerous.
The percentages who worked off-farms within those two age groups were slightly
greater for the younger age group. However, a great deal of variation existed
among subregions in the percentage who worked off-farm and in the relative
importance of the age groups in the work force.
The average grade completed in school by full-time operators was lower than
that for all beef farmers in all but six of the subregions (Table 3). Within
the subregions, farmers working 100 or more days off-farm usually had obtained
the most formal education. Thus, there seems to be little question that farmers
working off-farm tended to be younger and have higher educational attainment.
Because younger farmers had more education, it is not possible from 
the data
in Table 3 to determine whether age, education, or both, were related in a 
causal
way to off-farm work. Data in Table 5, however, appear to support the 
hypothesis
that educational level contributes to the level of off-farm 
income for a given
range of days worked off-farm. The increases shown in total off-farm income
with increases in days worked off-farm were consistent with normal expectations.
Financial Characteristics of Part-Time Beef Farmers
Financial characteristics of beef producers in the South by days worked
off-farm may give insight into why they seek off-farm employment. Full-
time farmers tended to have higher net worth, greater total assets, and more
farm income than part-time farmers(Jable 6). Beyond that, there is not a
8
clear relationship between days worked off-farm and financial position (e.g.,
net worth). Other broad interpretations of data in Table 6 are: (1) Full-
time farmers reflected their commercial farm status by the size of their assets
and farm income. (2) Farms with operators who worked off-farm 1-99 days
did not consistently reflect higher total farm assets than farmers working
100 or more days off-farm. Their total income was lower than for any other
category in 11 of the 34 subregions reflected in Table 6, compared 
to 10
subregions for the 100-249 days worked off-farm category. (3) Farms with
operators working more than 100 days off-farm reflected a low level of farm
income compared to the other two off-farm work categories, and the level of
off-farm income ranks high. However, as indicated above, net worth and total
farm assets were not consistently less than for farmers working 1-99 days off-
farm. This evidence may hint that farmers working most off-farm are less
efficient in producing income from their resources.
Table 7 provides additional detailed data to analyze relationships 
among
net worth, off-farm income, other non-farm receipts, and age and days 
worked
off-farm. As would be expected, older farmers had larger net worths and relied
less on non-farm income than younger farmers.
Farmers were asked to estimate their family living needs. Operators
working over 249 days off-farm reported the highest 
family living needs and
operators working 100-249 days were second (Table 
6). Full-time farmers seemed
to have slightly lower living requirements than operators 
working off-farm
1-99 days.
Farm and Non-Farm Work of Family Members
Data presented in Tables 2 and 6 indicate that many part-time 
farmers
control substantial farm resources. This suggests that either hired or family
labor must have been used for farm tasks when the farmer was working off-farm.
9.
Data presented in Table 8, however, do not 
appear to support this hypothesis
regarding family labor. Wives worked at least 
as much, and children worked
much more, on full-time as on part-time 
farms. In fact, there was a tendency
for farm work by the wife to decrease as days worked 
off-farm by the operator
increased. In most cases, the primary operator 
worked from occasionally
(i.e., an index of 3) to regularly (an index of 
4) on the farm.
Table 9 reports data regarding family member's off-farm 
work income.
Although some of the wives of full-time farmers 
worked off-farm, days worked
and income were lower than for wives of part-time farmers. 
The earnings of
both categories appear important to total family income.
Beef Production Practices
Tables 10 and 11 contain data on practices used by beef producers. One
would expect that part-time beef farmers might use different practices than
full-time farmers because of their resource mix, particularly labor. However,
because variations in survey data on practices 
were very great among off-farm
work categories and among subregions, no attempt was made to emphasize differ-
ences between farmers working off-farm and full-time 
farmers.
The All Beef Farm category in Tables 10 and 11 is useful in making general
observations about practices. Most replacements were raised and performance
testing -was not used. ,The -percent of herd replaced annually was low in relation
to the average age of ,cull cow reported. For example, to maintain a 100 cow
herd with cows .averaging ten years of age at culling and .two year old first
calf heifers entering the herd would require culling 11 percent per year.
Calf weights ranged rather widely around a 430 pound average. Based on
averages, spring calving was prevalent and calves were sold very close to weaning
(about seven months). Because of the inherent problems associated with obtaining
average dates with respect to production practices, care should be exercised in
the use of the numbers shown in Table 11 for average calving date.
10
References
[1] Bateman, W. Lanny, Odell L. Walker and Raleigh A. Jobes, on Part-Time
Farming, Southern Jounal of Agricultural Economics, December 1974.
[2] Butler, Charles P. Economic and Operational Characteristics of the
Southern Beef Cattle Industry, Southern Corp. Series Bulletin 176,
October 1972.
Additional Southern Region 
Publications
Related to Part-Time Farm Operators
Cuskaden, Charles M., "Beef Cattle Production 
and Off-Farm Work - Is There
a Relationship?" TENNESSEE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION PROGRESS REPORT
86, April - June 1973, p.6.
Halbrook, W. A., A. E. Spooner, and M. L. Ray, PRODUCTION, 
FINANCING, AND
OFF-FARM EMPLOYMENT ASPECTS OF BEEF FARMING 
IN ARKANSAS, 1969, Arkansas
Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 
785, November, 1973.
Justus, Fred E. and Vernon C. Brown, "Part-Time Farming 
in Kentucky," Agri-
cultural Economics Extension Information Series 
No. 15, University of
Kentucky, May 1974.
11
Table 1. Percentage Distribution of Beef Farm Numbers, Acres, Openland 
Acres, Cows and Stockers by Days of Off-Farm
Work by Beef Farm Operators, Selected Subregions of the South, 1968.
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Total
Farms
Percent of
Percent of All Acres
Total Farms on Farms
Percent of
Openl and
on Farms
Percent of Percent of
Beef Cows All Stockers
(Percent of All1 Farms'1'9
3
)
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL., & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
p-I
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carol-
ina Tobacco Area
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
2
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Subregi on
(Numbers)
3876
528
1056
3078
8538
11448
2562
33
66
197
591
3448
7176
5189
153
381
1069
6792
10692
223
35
258
4591
33.9
4.6
9.2
26.9
74.6
100
35.7
2.8
8.2
48.1
100
48.5
1.4
3.6
10.0
63.5
100
4.9
5.6
100
55.2
2.4
8.6
20.0
85.5
100
55.0
1.6
2.0
6.6
66.0
100
58.0
1.2
1.6
19.9
80.0
100
39.7
1.2
40.9
100
47.7
3.0
10.0
24.0
85.0
100
63.0
1.7
1.9
6.8
73.2
100
63.0
1.8
1.8
16.0
83.0
100
39.7
40.6
100
56.0
4.0
7.7
29.0
97.0
100
79.4
1.8
5.2
10.3
97.0
100
78.0
2.9
17.0
99.0
100
83.6
6.4
91.0
100
49.0
6.2
4.6
37.8
97.3
100
84.0
2.7
10.0
98.0
100
77.0
3.8
18.4
98.0
100
82.6
4.3
87.0
100
Ch~h~~Arl CIIL WA~~h CI~ ~ C CLI~ CAIICLI InC;O
Table 1. Continued
Percent of Percent of
Days Operator Total Percent of All Acres Openland Percent of Percent of
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Farms Total Farms on Farms on Farms Beef Cows All Stockers
(Numbers) (Percent of All Farms)
5. Lower
Coastal (S.C.)
6. Alabama
Limestone
I-j
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
119
22
22
43
206
780
1196
85
171
938
2390
3862
2422
234
391
1406
4453
6181
3432
261
520
572
4785
9337
15.3
2.8
2.8
5.5
26.4
100
31.0
2.2
4.4
24.3
61.9
100
39.2
3.8
6.3
22.7
72.0
100
36.8
2.8
5.6
6.1
51.2
100
26.0
7.2
3.4
9.4
46.0
100
66.7
2.6
16.5
86.7
100
58.9
15.2
15.4
90.4
100
58.5
4.2
5.3
3.1
71.2
100
29.0
7.0
3.0
8.0
47.0
100
71.1
1.1
2.5
13.9
88.6
100
57.9
13.2
1.1
12.7
84.9
100
58.8
4.4
5.5
2.9
71.7
100
50.0
11.7
13.0
8.3
83.0
100
72.0
1.6
4.2
19.2
97.1
100
62.9
12.4
2.6
21.6
99.6
100
71.2
7.2
8.5
7.8
94.8
100
75.0
12.5
7.5
5.0
100.0
100
83.3
14.7
99.2
100
67.0
13.8
19.0
100
100
51.0
43.0
2.2
95.9
100
Table 1. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Total
Farms
Percent of
Percent of All Acres
Total Farms on Farms
Percent of
Openland
on Farms
Percent of Percent of
Beef Cows All Stockers
(Percent of All Farms)
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah
Valley
13. Virginia
Upper Piedmont
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Subregion
(Numbers)
4410
1194
735
6339
16225
4281
476
872
1427
7055
19979
2047
290
467
686
3490
5956
1670
223
60
633
2586
8860
27.2
7.4
4.5
39.1
100
21.4
2.4
4.4
7.1
35.3
100
34.4
4.9
7.8
11.5
58.6
100
18.8
2.5
7.1
29.2
100
46.5
7.5
3.5
57.5
100
38.8
9.6
4.9
7.2
60.4
100
56.5
6.2
9.9
6.0
78.6
100
53.9
4.1
1.6
7.0
66.7
100
48.3
7.8
3.5
59.6
100
39.8
9.5
5.6
6.9
61.7
100
54.8
7.6
10.5
6.1
79.0
100
47.0
4.9
11.6
64.5
100
64.7
16.3
5.9
86.8
100
62.0
11.0
7.8
12.4
93.0
100
65.9
8.5
15.4
8.5
98.9
100
71.1
5.4
2.4
12.7
91.6
100
53.1
53.4
100
64.8
27.5
4.5
3.4
100
57.0
7.0
19.8
7.0
90.6
100
61.5
12.8
20.0
95.0
100
Table 1. Continued
Percent of Percent of
Days Operator Total Percent of All Acres Openland Percent of Percent of
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Farms Total Farms on Farms on Farms Beef Cows All Stockers
(Numbers) (Percent of All Farms)
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.)
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
3298
266
266
638
4468
6649
9841
631
1388
3406
15266
28513
4711
248
248
1550
6756
9483
1498
79
158
355
1380
3470
5835
49.6
4.0
4.0
9.6
67.2
100
34.5
2.2
4.9
11.9
53.5
100
49.7
2.6
2.6
16.3
71.2
100
25.7
1.3
2.7
6.1
23.7
59.5
100
68.4
5.9
4.0
3.9
82.2
100
56.5
3.4
3.9
9.3
73.0
100
62.9
3.1
1.7
8.9
76.7
100
35.1
1.0
3.8
8.1
23.7
71.5
100
71.6
4.8
4.2
4.1
84.8
100
55.5
2.9
3.9
10.6
73.0
100
64.9
3.0
2.0
8.1
77.9
100
33.9
1.0
4.4
7.5
21.6
68.7
100
81.7
4.8
2.9
5.9
94.7
100
64.9
3.9
5.9
19.8
94.5
100
73.6
3.4
2.6
16.9
96.7
100
43.5
1.3
6.1
8.5
37.0
95.4
100
81.5
10.1
4.5
2.8
98.9
100
80.9
1.0
4.2
12.9
99.0
100
88.6
1.4
6.9
97.1
100
48.0
3.7
6.4
35.3
93.1
100
Table 1. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Total
Farms
Percent of
Percent of All Acres
Total Farms on Farms
Percent of
Openland
on Farms
Percent of Percent of
Beef Cows All Stockers
(numbers)
19. Mississippi Beef Farms:
Brown Loam None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
20. Mississippi Beef Farms:
Clay Hills None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
21. Delta (MS., Beef Farms:
AR. & LA.) None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms:
All Farms
22. Upper Coastal, Beef Farms:
South Central (AR. None
& LA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
2840
252
235
2221
5548
8730
5089
291
727
3344
9451
14047
1634
45
91
45
181
1997
3958
2594
472
629
1886
5581
5591
(Percent of All Farms)
32.5
2.9
2.7
25.4
63.6
100
36.2
2.1
5.2
23.8
67.3
100
41.3
1.1
2.3
1.1
4.6
50.4
100
46.4
8.4
11.3
33.7
99.8
100
58.8
5.7
11.6
76.6
100
54.0
1.2
3.0
21.4
80.0
100
85.9
1.0
88.7
100
48.6
6.8
7.3
37.0
99.6
100
61.5
7.0
1.2
11.0
80.7
100
58.3
1.4
3.8
19.7
83.3
100
84.9
87.7
100
53.0
5.0
6.7
34.8
99.7
100
Subregion
68.5
13.1
1.6
15.2
98.4
100
59.0
1.5
5.1
31.7
97 3
100
97.7
1.0
1.3
100.0
100
49.5
5.3
6.6
38.5
100
100
74.3
18.9
8.6
100.04
100
72.2
6.1
27.8
100.0
100
98.4
1.6
100.0
100
55.0
16.5
25.0
96.5
100
Table 1. Continued
Percent of Percent of
Days Operator Total Percent of All Acres Openland Percent of Percent of
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Farms Total Farms on Farms on Farms Beef Cows All Stockers
(Numbers) (Percent of All Farms)
23. Lower
Coastal, South
Central (MS. &
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
p-a
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
Beef Farms:
None
LA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
1103
69
138
414
1173
2897
4883
1134
35
177
106
354
1808
3451
2321
386
129
1805
4642
8554
1166
100
33
33
1333
2367
22.6
1.4
2.8
8.5
24.0
59.3
100
32.9
1.0
5.1
3.1
10.3
52.4
100
27.1
4.5
1.5
21.1
54.3
100
49.3
4.2
1.4
1.4
56.3
100
31.4
1.2
1.3
6.3
24.4
64.6
100
36.3
8.6
1.5
5.3
51.9
100
58.0
3.1
1.0
7.3
69.5
100
83.6
1.2
84.9
100
32.0
1.5
8.2
39.8
81.5
100
35.0
8.1
1.0
5.4
49.7
100
56.5
3.1
5.2
65.1
100
60.0
1.2
61.4
100
38.4
2.1
1.7
12.1
41.4
95.0
100
61.6
1.2
15.0
4.0
15.0
95.9
100
73.3
3.8
21.0
98.8
100
91.8
3.6
96.4
100
14.0
14.0
2.4
70.0
100.0
100
23.9
75.6
100.0
100
73.0
12.8
13.8
98.3
100
94.5
5.5
100.0
100
Table 1. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Total
Farms
Percent of
Percent of All Acres
Total Farms on Farms
Percent of
Open l and
on Farms
Percent of Percent of
Beef Cows All Stockers
(Percent of All Farms)
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
00
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
30. East Central
Oklahoma
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>2419
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Subregion
(Numbers)
3563
96
1348
963
1926
7896
5096
392
1274
1765
2648
11175
11175
887
343
1230
1230
707
202
152
807
1868
1868
45.1
1.2
17.1
12.2
24.4
100
45.6
3.5
11.4
15.8
23.7
100
100
72.1
27.9
100
100
37.8
10.8
8.1
43.2
100
100
45.0
17.0
8.9
27.7
100
57.5
2.0
11.0
11.6
18.0
100
100
92.2
7.7
100
100
59.7
7.5
3.7
29.1
100
100
44.0
1.2
18.0
8.9
28.0
100
54.4
3.5
12.8
18.2
18.6
100
100
91.7
8.3
100
100
61.2
7.7
3.8
27.1
100
100
48.8
2.7
12.0
10.0
26.4
100
49.9
3.0
13.8
16.3
16.7
100
100
88.8
11.1
100
100
62.6
4.0
4.0
30.7
100
100
45.8
11.3
13.3
32.9
100
30.3
28.6
40.6
100
100
75.0
22.5
100
100
50.0
50.0
100
100
Percent of Percent of
Days Operator Total Percent of All Acres Openland Percent of Percent of
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Farms Total Farms on Farms on Farms Beef Cows All Stockers
(Numbers) (Percent of All Farms)
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Middle
Coastal (GA.)
I=-
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
13425
1672
836
4684
20619
27814
3405
145
723
325
4598
11120
6569
70
3414
5111
15164
16639
9050
836
988
6980
17854
20941
48.3
6.0
3.0
16.8
74.1
100
30.6
1.3
6.5
2.9
41.3
100
39.5
20.5
30.7
91.1
100
43.2
4.0
4.7
33.3
85.3
100
61.1
11.4
1.6
16.4
90.6
100
55.0
8.0
3.0
66.0
100
45.7
1.6
24.4
24.5
96.2
100
57.8
3.8
5.9
27.9
95.3
100
62.0
11.8
1.7
14.8
90.3
100
52.0
8.0
3.0
64.0
100
54.5
1.6
20.6
19.1
95.7
100
54.8
5.0
6.8
25.4
92.0
100
62.9
10.6
6.4
15.9
95.8
100
80.0
4.1
11.0
96.0
100
57.8
1.6
18.4
21.5
99.3
100
60.0
5.1
8.5
25.0
98.6
100
60.3
39.9
100
100
83.0
15.0
98.0
100
100
100
100
99.1
99.5
100
Table 1. Continued Page 8
Table 1. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Total
Farms
Percent of
Percent of All Acres
Total Farms on Farms
Percent of
Openland Percent of Percent of
on Farms Beef Cows All Stockers
(Percent of All Farms)
36. East Texas
Timber
37. Texas Coast
Prairie
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
2585
907
5310
8802
8980
1621
12
1633
4435
28.8
10.1
59.1
98.0
100
36.6
36.8
36.8
100
57.7
4.5
36.8
99.1
100
59.7
24.4
84.1
100
47.8
4.8
46.4
99.0
100
68.1
12.2
80.3
100
33.2
5.0
61.8
100
100
82.1
17.8
99.9
100
3.0
96.5
100
100
100
100
100
IAll farms include beef and non-beef farms except for subregion 27, 28, 29 and 30 in which non-beef farms were not surveyed.
2
This category is included in "none" 
for subregions 32, 34, 35, 36 and 37.
3
A dash (-) means the percentage 
is less than 1%.
4The use of aggregation procedures has allowed rounding error to cause 
the proportions to total to more than 100 percent.
Subregion
(Numbers)
0
0
Table 2. Beef Farm Numbers and Resource and Livestock Mixes by Days of Off-Farm Work by the Farm Operator, Selected Subregions of teSuh,16.,
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture! Brood Number of Other Livestock/Fr
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Laes ow
1. Lower Piedmont Beef Farms:
(GA., AL. & S.C.) None t 3876
No Report
1-99 528
100-249 1056
>249 3078
All Beef Farms 8538
All Farms 11448
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
Beef Farms:
None 2562
No Report 33
1-99 66
100-249 197
>249 591
All Beef Farms 3448
All Farms 7176
Beef Farms:
None 5189
No Report
1-99 153
100-249 381
>249 1069
All Beef Farms 6792
All Farms 10692
Beef Farms:
None 223
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249 35
All Beef Farms 258
All Farms 4591
596.8 173.7
186.9
342.1
264.0
420.0
366.2
710.6
16.7
793.0
334.7
366.7
625.3
457.5
76.7
145.5
77.6
129.6
115.2
355.3
5.8
447.6
72.9
156.5
303.6
207.0
545.3 316.4
406.3
212.0
914.0
581.5
460.0
274.2
132.8
367.1
313.1
245.1
1371.3 623.5
261.4
1220.7
167.9
105.7
553.3
89.2
37.2 42.9 4.6
21.6
13.7
56.2
40.2
34.3
77.9
7.9
9.8
95.9
47.7
71.8
39.3
23.4 4.3
22.0' 1.6
28.0 4.6
33.7 4.2
25.9 3.2
42.3 14.6
5.8 3.9
37.7
36.3 6.1
23.6 7.5
38.3 12.5
19.0 6.1
56.8 51.5 35.3
94.7
16.0
96.7
61.6
43.4
19.9 57.3
26.8 -
54.8 41.1
49.9 34.1
32.0 22.4
186.0 41.0 25.6
14.0 19.1 9.1
162.7 38.3 23.4
10.1 2.4 1.5
3737.4 1946.0
- 3990.3
-. 2927.7
629.1 5.1
2170.2 1247.3
4.1 2253.3 1013.1 -
9.6 518.9 324.9 8.7
3.9
1.6 1.4
- 3889.9 999.5 1.4
7.1 1052.3 412.8 6.9
4.3 1257.7 205.1 5.4
- 353.2 629.1 
6.1
798.6 9.9
10.6
2.5 3.5
- 269.8 499.0 
6.0
1.0 526.1 828.3 8.6
2594.9 7.6
4.0 1.1
2243.4 6.7
- 138.5 2.4
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland! Pasture! Brood Number of Other Livestock/Fr
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Laes Sw
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
6. Al abama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
Beef Farms:
None 119
No Report
1-99 22
100-249 22
>249 43
All Beef Farms 206
All Farms 780
Beef Farms:
None 1196
No Report
1-99 B5
100-249 171
>249 938
All Beef Farms 2390
All Farms 3862
396.1 197.8
206.8
599.5
434.9
405.7
232.4
90.5
214.1
167.0
181.7
106.2
735.0 569.9
140.6 75.3
203.0 148.1
321.0 133.9
478.0 351.0
341.1 247.2
Beef Farms:
None 2422 1642.1 714.8
No Report
1-99 234 4391.3 2191.6
100-249 391 150.4 74.8
>249 1406 738.4 334.4
All Beef Farms 4453 1370.3 616.1
All Farms 6181 1092.2 534.7
Beef Farms:
None 3432
No Report
1-99 261
100-249 520
>249 572
All Beef Farms 4785
All Farms 9337
457.1 379.7
431.6
275.6
144.9
398.7
287.0
359.3
176.4
100.9
323.2
235.1
15.4 28.7 27.9
7.7 1.8
36.8 33.6 25.0
13.0 4.9
12.8 23.7 20.0
4.3 7.2 5.3
43.8 62.8 24.7
49.2
5.0
18.7
31.4
20.1
20.0 2.9
25.9 1.0
20.9 5.7
42.2 14.8
26.9 9.4
213.5 129.6 32.2
266.3 68.3
29.6 33.5
16.6 76.9 15.8
124.0 111.7 26.1
93.7 80.8 18.8
49.3 31.7 7.3
67.0
88.4
26.8
51.9
33.0
41.5 -
24.6 40.1
21.1 2.0
30.2 9.9
16.4 5.2
26757.3
13389.8
- 18340.4
13.1 209.6
3393.9
1.8
7.7 412.0
13.1 296.9
1.8
4.0
1.0
2.7 1.6
11.4
10.5
4.7
1.6 4.2
4.1 3.3
7.7
10.0
9.2
7.8
5.9
3.4-
4.4
8.3 3.5
4.8 1.4
6.3 2.3
36.0 6.4
8.9 2.4
8.3 -
2.0 
-
27.4 4.9
17.4 3.6
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Farm
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Layers Sows
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim & Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
Beef Farms:
None 4410
No Report
1-99
100-249 1194
>249 735
All Beef Farms 6339
All Farms 16225
Beef Farms:
None 4281
No Report
1-99 476
100-249 872
>249 1427
All Beef Farms 7055
All Farms 19979
Beef Farms:
None 2047
No Report
1-99 290
100-249 467
>249 686
All Beef Farms 3490
All Farms 5956
Beef Farms:
None 1670
No Report
1-99 223
100-249 60
>249 633
All Beef Farms 2586
All Farms 8860
263.8 153.4
157.2
118.4
226.9
154.2
76.9
62.2
128.4
85.9
282.5 117.7
626.5
174.1
157.2
267.0
156.0
517.6
404.0
396.4
164.0
422.4
314.8
143.9
38.3
46.3
95.2
61.7
191.5
224.9
145.2
73.8
165.0
136.5
1119.5 328.5
643.7
944.2
385.9
894.8
391.6
274.6
198.7
232.2
297.3
139.9
80.4 27.9 -
63.5 26.0
39.2 15.3
72.4 26.1 -
45.7 11.7 -
101.3 35.3 21.6
324.9
111.5
67.3
110.8
56.1
56.9 80.9
21.3 7.4
20.8 3.3
32.1 20.2
12.1 7.1
196.8 60.8 23.9
156.5
180.6
54.8
163.4
106.9
53.8 20.7
62.9 36.7
23.9 8.7
53.2 22.3
31.5 14.4
133.9 70.9 14.5
89.3
49.7
68.1
112.0
45.2
39.5 22.2
65.5
33.0 12.4
58.8 14.3
18.7 4.4
5.5 939.7 338.0 2.4
3.7 2.1
- 3.2 
-
4.5 653.7 235.5 2.1
9.9 255.4 106.6 4.1
5.1
1.3
1.1
2.1
3.7
7.6
7.2 87.6
2.6
15.3
- 19.4
6.6 55.2
13.6 226.4
7.3 1395.0
25.6
1.8
7.1 900.8
7.3 262.9
91.0 1.3
20.0 2.0
168.1 -
1.1 -
77.5 -
51.0 -
57.2 4.8
8.8 9.3
1.8 -
8.1 -
36.1 3.8
36.5 2.4
8.6 2.6
5.5 1.9
15.5 -
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres! Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Fr
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows 
Stockers Dairy Broilers Laes ow
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River
Pennyroyal Area (KY.)
Beef Farms:
None 3298
No Report
1-99 266
100-249 266
>249 638
All Beef Farms 4468
All Farms 6449
Beef Farms:
None 9841
No Report
1-99 631
100-249 1388
>249 3406
All Beef Farms 15266
All Farms 28513
Beef Farms:
None 4711
No Report
1-99 248
100-249 248
>249 1550
All Beef Farms 6756
All Farms 9483
18. Jackson Purchase Beef Farms:
Area (KY.) None 1498
No Report 79
1-99 158
100-249 355
>249 1380
All Beef Farms 3470
All Farms 5835
373.3 270.8
398.3
269.8
111.9
331.3
270.5
234.8
173.7
75.3
234.9
185.6
347.6 175.5
324.1
168.9
165.5
289.7
212.5
117.1
72.0
88.7
144.3
105.1
331.3 263.4
310.8
173.3
143.5
281.2
261.7
255.4
141.1
261.2
246.5
187.7
225.2
187.2
219.8
156.4
90.3
218.7
200.8
124.6
97.2
220.0
110.6
90.3
113.3
104.1
63.9 32.3 46.7
45.9
69.5
22.7
57.3
46.1
23.7 71.4
14.3 32.6
12.0 8.3
27.8 41.9
19.7 28.4
79.8 32.3 16.0
93.7
55.0
52.2
71.9
53.7
29.4 3.2
20.6 5.8
28.6 7.4
30.3 12.6
17.2 6.8
32.4 27.8 13.1
38.7
12.9
22.4
29.6
25.8
58.3
7.5
8.9
61.0
36.5
46.5
34.3
23.9 4.0
18.7 2.5
19.5 3.1
25.4 10.1
18.8 7.4
26.5 6.0
14.9
35.4 4.4
22.0 3.3
24.3 4.8
25.3 5.0
15.7 3.2
3.6 1.6 5.5 5.2
1.0
1.7
2.8
5.3
5.5
6.6
3.3
4.3
7.3
2.4
1.5
2.0
2.3
2.1
2.7
1.0
5.0
3.0
4.8
4.3 1.1
1.2 4.9 4.3
- 5.0 3.2
-37.0 3.2
3.6
2.2 2.3
1.1 2.8
-24.3 3.0
-16.5 1.8
50.8 5.8
1.2
9.0
1.2 1. 1
35.7 4.6
-27.2 4.3
8.0 8.4
14.9 2.7
5.2 3.4
- 1.2
5.0 4.6
5.8 4.8
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Farm
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Layers Sows
19. Mississippi Brown Beef Farms:
Loam None 2840 981.1 552.2
No Report
1-99 252 1069.0 231.9
100-249 235 1036.0 74.7
>249 2221 248.8 127.7
All Beef Farms 5548 6942.0 347.5
All Farms 8730 542.6 291.9
20. Mississippi Clay Beef Farms:
Hills None 5089
No Report
1-99 291
100-249 727
>249 3344
All Beef Farms 9451
All Farms 14047
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR. &
LA.)
377.6 172.0
147.8
147.1
226.8
299.4
251.8
42.4
54.7
95.0
131.7
106.9
Beef Farms:
None 1634 1708.8 1254.1
No Report 45 478.4 453.1
1-99 91 153.4 78.1
100-249 45 564.0 543.8
>249 181 169.0 77.8
All Beef Farms 1997 1444.0 1059.2
All Farms 3958 903.8 689.4
Beef Farms:
None 2594
No Report
1-99 472
100-249 629
>249 1886
All Beef Farms 5581
All Farms 5591
260.6 136.1
198.1
162.1
273.1
248.4
248.9
88.4
71.7
122.4
120.2
120.3
234.2 104.9 19.2
782.5 225.0 53.9
109.2 29.7 27.3
51.3 29.9
180.7 77.1 13.4
124.0 49.8 8.5
72.1 38.7 2.5
60.9
57.9
31.0
56.1
44.9
17.5
23.3 -
31.8 1.5
34.4 1.9
23.8 1.3
217.2 121.0 11.9
25.1 10.9 2.0
34.8 21.8
20.0 8.0
42.5 14.9 1.7
184.1 101.8 9.9
97.6 52.4 5.0
45.6 34.6 4.4
11.6
23.2
41.4
38.8
38.7
20.6 7.0
19.1
37.3 2.7
32.6 3.5
32.5 3.5
5.3
5.2
5.3
4.3
3.4 -
10.0
2.1
1.6 -
3.4 -
- 2139.2 1.1
10.0 19.9 2.5
9004.9
2084.9 2.6
2.6 1430.4 1153.4 -
4.1 1721.9 929.4 1.0
11.2 1401.6
9.2 1146.8
5.0 578.6
11.1 9.1
12.0 4.0
34.8 1.4
2.9
12.5
11.0 8.8
5.5 4.6
3.3 605.4 642.4 1.1
- 2.5
- 1879.1 5.0 -
4.4 916.4 4.1 -
3.1 300.7 -
3.1 914.7 300.3 -
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture! Brood Number of Other Livestock/Fr
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Laes ow
23. Lower Coastal,
South Central (MS. &
LA.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
25. Alluvial Mixed
(LA. )
26. Arkansas Rice-
land Prairie
Beef Farms:
None 1103
No Report 69
1-99 138
100-249 414
>249 1173
All Beef Farms 2897
All Farms 4883
Beef Farms:
None 1134
No Report 35
1-99 177
100-249 106
>249 354
All Beef Farms 1808
All Farms 3451
Beef Farms:
None 2321
No Report
1-99. 387
100-249 129
>249 1805
All Beef Farms 4642
All Farms 8554
Beef Farms:
None 1166
No Report
1-99 100
100-249 33
>249 33
All Beef Farms 1333
All Farms 2367
340.1
199.6
111.6
180.0
206.5
248.9
244.7
562.3
165.7
855.3
243.9
262.7
505.4
509.9
148.9
20.0
111.3
102.9
115.2
108.6
456.7
80.9
732.7
150.8
179.4
403.7
446.7
874.3 575.5
278.3
260.9
140.5
522.2
407.9
201.6
47.0
81.9
337.7
297.6
869.7 478.4
190.0
90.9
44.2
778.3
674.0
75.9
10.0
424.4
427.5
25.6.
19.9
44.0
7.5
15.8
19.8
14.2
34.7 -
29.9 9.9
12.0 -
27.8
34.9 3.0
32.6 1.8
20.2 1.1
42.7 39.4 2.5
8.0 26.3
62.0
27.4
66.1 30.1 24.5
39.9 38.8 6.4
21.2 21.1 3.3
130.3 107.6 18.8
31.6
14.0
1.4
68.7
41.1
34.9 19.9
19.9
39.6 4.6
72.6 12.8
39.9 7.0
25.0 1.6 1.7
2502.8
14.9
9.5 119.5 2.7
13.9 79.7 447.8
14.7 -
13.3
10.5 -
- - 9.5 
-
7.7 2.3 11.7 -
3.9 1.2 5.8
3.2 - 5.0 -
250.5 86.8 5.9
92.9
55.5
31.2
228.3
171.3
40.2 4.0
15.2 3.9
7.0 
-
79.5 5.6
46.3 3.1
1.0
11.6 1.6 1.8
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Farm
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Layers Sows
Beef Farms:
None 3563
No Report 96
1-99 1348
100-249 963
>249 1926
All Beef Farms 7896
All Farms 7896
28. Central Arkansas Beef Farms:
& Southeast Oklahoma None 5096
No Report 392
1-99 1274
100-249 1765
>249 2648
All Beef Farms 11175
All Farms 11175
29. Northeast Oklahoma Beef Farms:
None 887
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249 343
All Beef Farms 1230
All Farms 1230
30. East Central
Oklahoma
Beef Farms:
None 707
No Report
1-99 202
100-249 152
>249 807
All Beef Farms 1868
All Farms 1868
294.6
188.4
296.1
213.5
333.9
293.3
293.3
456.0
211.0
348.1
265.0
274.3
361.9
361.9
84.1
70.1
77.3
74.9
133.8
93.8
93.8
172.2
35.0
120.4
75.8
56.5
118.8
118.8
455.8 219.8
98.6 39.1
356.2 169.4
356.2 169.4
566.1 192.8
246.3
166.3
241.2
358.6
358.6
142.0
46.5
66.8
121.0
121.0
82.0
100.2
101.4
48.2
61.1
76.3
76.3
131.4
119.0
166.1
117.5
143.8
135.7
135.7
34.3 3.0
70.1
22.5 2.0
25.8 3.4
34.2 4.1
31.6 3.1
31.6 3.1
48.1 1.4
37.7 -
53.7
45.4 3.8
31.1 3.6
43.9 2.1
43.9 2.1
166.8 45.1 3.6
50.3 14.5 2.6
134.3 36.5 3.3
134.3 36.5 3.3
311.3 66.5 1.8
81.1
99.7
129.2
190.5
190.5
13.4
16.8
28.6 1.5
40.3 1.3
40.3 1.3
4.6 1891.4 15.7 1.8
- 3072.0 
3.5 2.8
1.1 1300.2 2.2 3.6
1.6 1750.3 2701.5 1.3
2.7 1963.5 666.9 1.8
2.7 1963.5 666.9 1.8
1.5 808.4 -
3249.0 2002.4 2.7
- 3.1
- 834.0 4.4
- 1574.8 1.5 -
- 618.9 440.3 
-
- 618.9 440.3 
-
2.9
2.1
2.1
5.5
5.0 1.0
1.6 7.2 -
- 5.7 -
- 5.7 -
27. Ozark
Highland (AR. & OK.)
Lt.
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres/ Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Farm
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Layers Sows
32. Texas Blackland Beef Farms:
Prairie None 13425 580.7
No Report
1-99 1672 866.5
100-249 836 235.0
>249 4686 447.3
All Beef Farms 20619 560.0
All Farms 27814 458.4
33. Middle Coastal
(GA.)
00
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
Beef Farms:
None 3405 537.2
No Report
1-99 145 57.8
100-249 723 361.4
>249 325 272.3
All Beef Farms 4598 475.7
All Farms 11120 297.0
Beef Farms:
None 6569 471.7
No Report
1-99 70 1550.0
100-249 3414 484.5
>249 5111 325.2
All Beef Farms 15164 430.2
All Farms 16639 407.5
Beef Farms:
None 9050 668.1
No Report
1-99 836 470.0
100-249 988 625.4
>249 6980 417.9
All Beef Farms 17854 558.6
All Farms 20941 499.5
332.1 234.1
25.0
50.0
61.9
234.3
197.2
246.0
31.9
209.0
166.4
227.8
156.1
202.1
204.2
25.5
142.1
135.3
187.5
300.0
52.6
71.8
140.1
136.2
841.5
195.0
325.6
302.6
243.8
46.0 7.5
62.5
75.0
33.4 14.2
45.6 8.1
35.3 6.0
70.7 34.5 26.5
16.9 - 9.9
35.0 8.6 21.6
49.0 49.8
60.3 30.7 23.0
30.5 13.2 9.7
188.8 58.6 1.3
1050.0 150.0
79.7 35.9
150.3 28.0
155.2 43.6 -
147.7 40.0 -
147.5 54.3 2.8
30.0 50.0
328.1 70.1 -
129.5 29.3
144.9 45.2 1.4
127.8 39.1 1.2
74.1
- 81.5
- 48.2 
-
1.1 - 36.0 -
4.2 263.7 426.4 11.3
2600.5 12.6
6.2
3.1 195.3 724.7 10.8
1.3 1198.5 510.3 8.7
4.6
.7- .
2.2
4.5
1.1
2.0
2.9
89.2 -
30.1 -
85.3 27.4 -
102.7
50.0 2.0
1.8
55.1 -
48.6 -
Table 2. Continued
Average
Days Operator Total Acres Acres Number
Worked Off- Total Acres! Cropland/ Pasture/ Brood Number of Other Livestock/Fr
Subregion Farm Farms Farm Farm Farm Cows Stockers Dairy Broilers Laes ow
36. East Texas Beef Farms:
Timber None 25B5 983.4 294.1 203.7 69.8 -- 23. 16
No Report
1-99
100-249 907 221.0 102.3 39.1 30.2
>249 5310 305.4 115.6 120.0 63.3 6.2-
All Beef Farms 8802 495.9 166.7 136.3 61.8 3.9 - 6.
All Farms B980 490.6 165.3 134.7 60.6 3.8 1.838. -
37. Texas Coast Beef Farms:
Prairie None 1621 1457.5 940.3 391.0 133.6 
7.8 1.11. -
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249 12 80504.0 16100.0 16100.0 3907.0 5.0
All Beef Farms 1633 2038.3 1051.7 506.4 161.4 7.7 1.11. 
-
All Farms 4435 892.5 513.6 201.2 59.5 2.8 15.6 18.9 28.
'All farms include beef and non-beef farms except for subregions 27, 28, 29 and 30 in which non-beef 
farms were not surveyed.
2
This category is included in "none' for subregions 
32, 34 35, 36 and 37.
3
A dash (-) means the percentage is less than 1%.
Table 3. Selected Beef Farm Operator Age and Education Characteristics by Days Operator Worked Off-Farm, Selected
Subregions of the South, 1968.
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Fa rms
Reporting
(Number)
Average for Operator
Days Worked
Off-Farm Ae
(Days)
Grade
Completed
(Years)
Operators that Completed Grade
:58 9 and 10 11landl12 >12
(Number)
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL. & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
None
No Report
1
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
1100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
3876
528
1056
3078
8538
2562
33
66
197
591
3448
5189
153
381
1069
6792
223
35
258
119
22
22
43
206
61.4 9.7
47.3
49. 1
50.7
55.2
38.3
222.0
270.9
127.5
34.8
169.3
291.7
60.9
89.7
206.2
305.1
61.6
278.8
38.7
19.7
152.5
261.8
77.2
12.3
11.4
11.3
10.6
52.9 10.5
46.8 13.9
54.2 10.3
46.6 11.6
51.8 10.9
52.9 1 0.4
46.9 14.0
52.9 13.4
48.8 11.9
52.1 10.9
53.6 11.8
47.4 13.4
52.7 12.1
53.7 11.4
63.5 9.8
40.3 13.3
45.8 11.3
51.6 11.4
1320 1058
88
264
616
2288
704
1161
723 328
33
66
821
33
33
394
1298 1374
153
1450
76
1450
29 6
29 6
22 11
22
22 32
1233 265
176 264
528 264
1143 615
3080 1408
788
33
33
131
394
1379
723
33
99
854
1449 1068
76 76
153 153
687 229
2365 1527
124 65
14 20
138 85
65 22
11
43
119
11
32
Subregi on
LI- 1
Table 3. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm
Farms
Farms
Reporting
(Number)
Average for Operator
Days Worked
Off Farm Age
(Days)
Grade
Grade
Completed
(Years)
Operators that Completed Grade
58 9 and 10 11 and 12 >12
(Number)
6. Alabama None
Limestone No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
7. Blackbelt None
(AL. & MS.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
8. Tennessee Brown None
Loam No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
9. Tennessee None
Highland Rim & No Report
Central 1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
10. Appalachian None
(TN. & VA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
1196
85
171
938
2390
2500
234
391
1406
4531
3432
261
520
572
4785
4410
1194
735
6339
4281
476
872
1427
7055
53.1 9.6
60.3
164.6
274.8
121.8
61.7
158.7
264.5
99.0
19.3
196.4
265.4
54.1
52.2
50.4
47.5
50.6
57.9
58.4
55.3
49.1
55.0
57.2
56.2
45.5
58.8
56.1
55.4
47.0
49.4
53.1
54.5
53.1
52.7
51.5
53.6
229.3
257.5
73.0
45.0
194.5
265.3
81.7
512 256
171 85
682 341
781 235
12.1
14.0
11.3
10.7
11.2
14.3
10.4
10.3
11.0
10.8
9.8
12.4
11.5
11.0
11.1
11.2
12.0
11.2
10.6
9.7
13.6
12.8
11.4
156
1269
1406
728
104
52
104
988
1102
276
92
1470
1189
238
79
159
1765
78
78
391
572
572
275
257 171
85
85
512
940
781
156
703
1640
1716
104
416
416
2651
2389
735
92 459
367 3584
476 1903
159
396
79 713
555 3171
85
170
426
703
156
78
156
1094
417
53
52
52
574
643
184
92
918
714
79
396
476
1665
Table 3. Continued
Days Operator Average for Operator Operators that Completed 
Grade
Worked Off- Farms Days Worked Grade
Subregion Farm Reporting Off-Farm Age Completed <8 9 and 10 11 and 12 >12
(Number) (Days) (Years) 
(Number)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
wA
t"D
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River
Pennyroyal Area (KY.
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
2047
290
467
686
3490
1670
223
60
633
2588
3245
266
266
638
4415
9715
631
1388
3406
15140
4649
248
248
1550
6694
42.8
179.0
286.1
83.7
23.9
99.4
289.5
75.2
69.0
155.0
260.1
53.0
48.0
157.3
258.9
77.9
58.5
151.5
267.0
69.0
56.8
56.2
43.8
44.1
52.6
56.3
46.1
42.7
46.8
52.8
51.3
43.2
46.8
45.5
49.7
55.0
49.8
49.4
45.4
52.0
53.3
43.2
44.0
46.4
51.0
10.6
10.0
12.2
12.3
11.1
10.5
11.8
15.9
12.2
11.1
9.7
13.0
10.1
11.1
10.2
8.2
8.2
10.9
9.9
8.8
9.3
10.0
13.2
10.1
9.6
612
104
106
201
1024
475
23
94
602
1543
106
160
7309
6435
505
883
1136
8957
2294
124
620
3037
215
66
282
154
70
47
271
426
53
53
532
631
126
757
310
124
434
672
186
98
112
1068
556
60
233
849
798
106
160
319
1383
2271
126
1766
4163
1178
124
186
496
1983
547
263
306
1116
475
70
60
260
864
532
106
106
745
505
378
505
1388
930
62
310
1302
Table 3. Continued
Days Operator Average for Operator Operators that Completed Grad
Worked Off- Farms Days Worked Grade
Subregion Farm Reporting Off -Farm Age Completed :8 9 and 10 11 and 12 >1
18. Jackson
Purchase Area (KY.
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay HIlls
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR.
& LA.)
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
(Number)
1498
79
158
355
1341
3430
2840
25
235
2221
5548
5089
291
727
3344
9451
1634
45
91
45
181
1997
2594
472
629
1886
5581
(Days)
31.2
177.2
262.3
122.3
60.5
215.1
268.2
119.2
29.0
157.9
262.4
105.9
42.4
110.8
260.5
28.0
45.6
159.9
277.7
117.4
58.2
57.9
59.4
50.2
47.9
53.4
56.3
43.7
53.4
43.9
50.7
58.4
53.9
50.8
45.1
53.0
52.5
41.3
50.4
68.5
44.3
51.7
61.1
62.5
48.5
44.5
54. 1
(Years)
9.8
9.5
11.0
11.9
10.8
10.5
10.1
12.0
14.0
10.2
10.4
9.8
10.0
10.0
11.4
10.4
11. 1
12.1
8.5
12.1
9.0
10.8
9.5
8.5
9.7
10.7
9.8
591
39
39
215
1026
1173
589
1761
2326
145
145
336
3052
499
45
91
635
1179
315
236
315
2044
(Number)
118 552
39
118
39 - 197
39 946
197 1853
231 703
252
117
1514
231- 2585
437 1453
145
145 436
581 1308
1164 3343
91 449
45
45
45
91
136 681
236 943
157
393
393 1022
629 2515
co3
237
79
79
394
734
118
118
971
873
1019
1893
545
545
236
157
393
Tabl e 3. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Farms
Reporting
(Number)
Average for Operator
Days Worked
Off-Farm Age
(Days)
Grade
Completed
(Years)
Operators that Completed Grade
:58 9 andlO0 llandl12 >12
(Number)
23. Lower Coastal, None
South Central (MS. No Report
& LA.) 1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
24. Southwest None
Rice (LA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
25. Alluvial None
Mixed (LA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
26. Arkansas None
Riceland Prairie No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
27. Ozark Highland None
(AR. & OK.) No Report
1-99
100-249.
>249
All Beef Farms
Sub reo ion
62.3 9.4
20.0
212.8
285.8
147.1
CA)
413 2761103
69
138
414
1173
2897
773
387
1160
2321
387
129
1805
4642
1166
100
33
33
333
3563
96
1348
963
1926
7896
46.9
38.5
45.5
46.8
52.1
54.0
51.3
53.1
52.6
52.0
60.0
50.6
52.0
54.9
31.0
66.8
63.7
53.6
57.1
30. 1
50.8
52.6
47.3
52.8
11.0
11.5
13.0
12.5
11.3
7.0
10.7
8.2
9.9
9.3
10.6
9.9
10.
1OO
12.0
8.1
12.1
10.6
9.4
11.0
9.1
8.1
11. 1
9.6
306.1
102.1
76.7
180.0
287.6
130.4
33.4
111.2
263.0
11.8
45.6
171.7
401.4
126.6
138
551
567
71
106
744
1160
258
129
387
1934
366
33
399
1637
674
674
481
3466
207
69
138
207
621
1242
390
35
71
35
177
709
903
129
516
1548
467
100
33
600
867
96
385
289
578
2215
276
142
36
71
35
284
387
387
133
133
770
96
481
1348
207
207
414
828
35
35
70
258
515
774
200
200
289
193
385
867
Table 3. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Farms
Reporting
(Number)
Average for Operator
Days Worked
0ff-Farm Age
(Days)
Grade
Completed
(Years)
Operators that Completed Grade
:58 9 andl10 llandl12 >12
(Number)
28. Central
Arkansas &
Southeast Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Okl ahoma
30. East Central
Okl ahoma
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Middle Coastal
(GA.)
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
5096
392
1274
1765
2648
11175
887
243
1230
707
202
152
807
1868
13425
1672
836
4686
20619
3405
145
723
325
4598
14.3
184.4
281.8
97.5
265.0
73.9
55.1
158.0
279.2
139.4
9.0
71.0
200.0
281.0
77.7
55.2
45.8
45.5
52.1
43.3
50.5
59.2
46.8
55.7
60.2
50.8
47.2
49.0
53.3
56.1
42.5
32.0
47.3
52.0
52.4
53.9
42.8
56.5
51.2
59.8
190.0
281 .6
51.7
10.2
12.3
10 9
12.1
11.9
11.0
9.3
13.4
10.4
10.3
7.8
11.6
10.5
10.2
10.4
8.5
13.0
12.1
10.7
10.2
8.0
12.8
10.6
10.5
1765
98
392
98
2353
411
411
252
50
302
706
1400
836
981 1567
196
588
392 882
294 1863
1667 5097
135 272
135
151
51
201
6828
2236 6828
792
145
1058
145
265
937 1468
206
478
201
101
51
303
656
4139
836
4391
9366
970 586
289 289
60
1259 935
Sihreai on
wA
784
98
294
490
392
2059
69
137
206
103
51
151
305
1058
836
295
2189
,JAL.19 I WIN
Table 3. Continued
Days Operator Average for Operator 
Operators that Completed Grad
Worked Off- Farms Days Worked Grade
Subregion Farm Reporting Off-Farm Age Completed :58 9 and 10 
11 and 12 >1
(Number) (Days) (Years) 
(Number)-
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
C~)
36. East Texas
Timber
37. Texas Cost
Prairie
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
6569
70
3414
5111
15164
9050
836
988
6980
17854
2585
907
5310
8802
1621
12
1633
59.9 11.2
57.0
55.6
51.0
55.9
63.3
59.0
58.9
39.9
53.7
67.4
60.0
53.5
58.2
56.1
87.0
206.9
267.2
137.0
35.0
197.3
302.2
130.7
107.8
278.0
178.8
260.0
1.9
1047 1825
10.0
12.1
14.0
12.3
7.8
11.0
17.3
12.2
10.2
8.6
6.3
13.7
11.5
9.6
1047
6004
12
2590
8606
1812
836
2648
976
62.0 15.0
56.1 9.7
70
2508
848
5251
12
70
82
141
71
212
141
976 141
2720 977
1672
4392
2682
836
70
2508
6096
351
3414
3765
293
906
2591
4474
352
906
1812
3070
281
1896
2177
211
12
293 223
1
Thi caegor isincluded in "none" for subregions 32, 34, 35, 36 and 37.lThis category is
Table 4. Average Number of Days of Off-Farm Work by Farm Operators for Operator Age Groups on Beef Farms, Selected
Subregions of the South, 1968.
Operator Age <25 25-44 45-64 
>64
Days
Operator Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Average
Worked Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days
Off-Farm ing Worked ing Wbrked ing Worked ing Worked
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL., & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
-Aq
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
352
264
440
968
559
33
33
263
66
33
- 1297
- 153
- 458
20
35 278.8
11 22
11
11
40
240.2
261.7
29.9
155.1
277.8
219.5
317.2
1673
88
616
2111
1412
33
131
328
2823
153
229
610
1851
176
525
33
1068
40
149.3
30
290.3
275
39.8
177.9
302.8
89.7
196.5
296.5
182 14
177.1
255.9
76
11
11
32
11
1114.8
127.9
263.9
24.6
Tabl e 4. Continued
Operator Age <25 25-44 45-64 >64
Days
Operator Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Avrg
Worked Report- Dy Report- Dy Report- Dy Report- Dy
Subregion Off-Farm ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked ing Wre
6. Alabama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(Al. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
9.. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
1 00-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99,
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
78
428
341
312
573
260
736
250
92
238
277.5
250.3
209.9
459 232.1
275 257.1
713 -
159 49.9
238 191.5
159 f284.2
427
85
171
512
1093
234
313
1016
1924
261
208
468
60.3
164.6
2?7 7
61.7
172.3
270
19.3
191.2
262
2388-
735 227.6
459 258.2
2220 -
159 49.9
555 203.5
1189 263.1
341
85
860
78
936
52
1 04
11 94
1110
159
79
79
251.1
104.1
150
280.9
34.9
140.5
260.9
Table 4. Continued
Operator Age <25 25-44 45-64 >64
Days
Operator Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Average
Worked Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days
Subregion Off-Farm ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked
12. Virginia
Shenandoah
Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
83
75
47
23
213
757
126
136
186
219
)ff-
265.5
200.3
256.6
1-
1-
>-
1-
1-
25.6
459
204
409
179
106
60
200
904
213
53
372
2271
126
252
1388
1054
124
186
310
!-
201.3
287.6
15.4
99.4
285.5
75.7
125.4
260.2
60.1
150.2
255.4
60
152
273
886
290
157
276
937
117
363
1702
53
213
266
4542
505
583
2019
2417
124
62
1054
42.8
146.3
285.1
31.6
289.5
30.1
162.3
260
45
158.6
261.2
57
150
266.4
619
31
507
47
479
2271
126
1054
203
317.3
120.2
Table 4. Continued
<25 25-44 45-64 >64
Days
Operator
Worked
Off-Farm
Number
Report-
ing
Average
Days
Worked
Number
Report-
ing
Average
Days
Worked
Number
Report
ing
Average
Days
Worked
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
0
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
S. Central
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Operator Age
Subregion
Number
Report-
ing
Average
Days
Worked
237
s-
79
591
467
116
1403
1019
291
1890
184.7
262.2
25.9
265.4
149.8
264.7
259
163
273.1
749
79
118
276
670
1552
136
235
204
2472
291
291
1308
908
91
91
944
315
393
1179
513
39
118
821
114
1599
145
146
227
45
1258
157
38.4
175
263.1
90
215.1
271
29
194.8
259.4
42.4
259.2
42.4
158
280.3
10.1
260.6
285.5
100.2
260.4
110.8
52
79
499
45
91
314
236
708
Table 4. Continued
Operator Age <25 25-44 45-64 
>64
Days
Operator Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Average
Worked Report- Days Report- Days Report Days Report- Days
Subregion Off-Farm ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked
23. Lower
Coastal, South
Central (MS, & LA.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
35
257
33
193
91
138
I~ .
69
138
414
390
35
35
71
106
387
129
645
233
67
385
96
289
96
770
30
220.3
290.6
91.1
159.8
277.5
80
-
314.4
5
51.6
190.6
266.4
345
69
69
276
759
638
107
35
248
1290
258
129
1031
633
33
1829
867
770
1155
10
209.1
283.1
51.6
202.3
277.2
75
180
261.8
263
41.4
165.9
491.8
620
106
387
129
300
33
1156
193
96
359.7
111.2
54.9
200.5
Table 4. Continued
Operator Age <25 25-44 45-64 >64
Days
Operator Number Average Number Average Number Average Number Average
Worked Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days Report- Days
Subregion Off-Farm ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked ing Worked
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
30. East Central
Oklahoma
33. Middle
Coastal (GA.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
249
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
249
392 490
196
686
196
1373
135
5.3
180.1
276.4
69 284.2
50
101
51
202
145
60
198.5
276.1
884 -
289 175.2
2842
196
588
1569
1275
24.8
185
287.5
343
274 260.2
506
51
101
605
1619
145
434
265
59.5
137.6
280.2
59.8
199.9
286.6
1372
410
151
51
757
60
39.7
259.4
Table 5. Off-Farm Income of Beef Farm
of the South, 1968.
Operators by Days of Off-Farm Work and Education Level, Selected Subregions
Days Operator 
Grade Completed 
by Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm <5 5-.8 9 - 10 11 - 12>1
1 . Lower Piedmont
(GA, AL. & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
6. Alabama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
(Number)
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100- 249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100- 249
>249
(Dollars Off-Farm Income)
599.7
3766.2
5855.0
3383.7
5989.5
6007.7
.419.4
991.0
3283.0
4063.4
1990.4
5971.3
4007.9
442.8
7230.5
25.0
5206.7
848.8
4942.6
7739.8
1606.3
5461.3
5910.2
1503.0
3587.1
5177.0
1949.0
9975.8
8050.0
662.8
7891.4
2411.6
8389.5
14851.6
6335.3
3247.5
5790.1
1004.2
4010.4
8696.0
1541.2
13182.9
9038.1
7569.5
19000.0
3014.6
16207.7
Table 5. Continued
Days Operator 
Grade Completed by Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm <5 
5 - 8 9 - 10 11 - 12 >12
(Number) 
(Dollars Off-Farm Income)
8. Tennessee Brown
Loam
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
2000.01-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
4060.1
2503.3
6845.3
1300.0
1750.0
6990.8
5193.2
999.2
4013.5
4656.3
3383.3
3471.8
4938.3
306.3
3622.4
702.5
4554.4
924.4
4833.2
5378.5
14966.2
4916.6
15103.2
1134.7
12241.1
8229.4
4749.7
5765.1
7949.2
7631.1
5704.9
847.7
8407.8
6181.4
680.0
8314.5
6867.3
695.8
10145.9
401.4
5612.5
1802.3
5993.9
15000.0
7995.4
12977.3
14966.2
18578.0
5129.1
5798.5
20029.3
1780.7
11548.0
1254.5
5268.8
5507.2
11542.1
A
Tabl e 5. Continued
Days Operator 
Grade Completed by Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm <5 5 - 8 9 - 10 11 -12>1
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal ,
South Central (AR.
& LA.)
23. Lower
Coastal,. South
Central (MS. & LA.)
(Number)
1-99
100-249
> 249
1-99
100-249
> 249
1-99
100-249
> 249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
> 249
(Dollars 0ff-Farm Income)
499.9
5813.2
6489.0
5007.9
6957.6
4028.9
103.1
4549.5
5642.9
7675.8
200.3
4006.3
6493.1
302.5
22515.6
589.8
1896.7
6449.0
7997.8
6672.6
5055.0
626.0
5376.5
1210.0
938.4
7598.3
7000.0
9:1
6458.2
4741.5
7486.5
10025.4
5213.2
20083.9
2849.2
3499.0
6073.3
902.2
5904.3
7242.8
9228.2
5978.0
6937.3
501.7
9468.9
7189.9
4029.3
5482.9
4875.1
10918.5
325.4
11746.9
8177.3
9009.0
7930.5
18732.2
Table 5. Continued
Days Operator 
Grade Completed 
by Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm <5 5- 8 9- 10 11 - 12 >12
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
30. East Central
Oklahoma
(Number)
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
2970.0
648.6
2808.0
2001.5
571.3
3485.7
(Dollars Off-Farm Income)
668.3 13902.8
5047.1
22043.8 7081.8
1900.0
10933.3 14890.6
1011.4
826.7
2732.4
4444.0
600.0
7509.3
403.5
4136.6
902.6
5986.2
4876.4
6202.1
5954.7
10142.9
18576.9
234.4
2377.6
9222.8
2700.0
6445.5
4402.3
3944.3
2150.6
24000.8
3831.6
4670.2
4074.2
5325.3
3543.2
7253.2
10319.4
7907.1
6282.7
5512.3
1400.0
893.2
7236.8
9004.2
8932.1
14302.0
Table 5. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
FarmSubregion
<5
Grade Completed by Operator
5-8 9-10
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Middle
Coastal (GA.)
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
36. East Texas
Timber
31. Texas Coast
Prairie
(Dollars 0ff-Farm Income)(Number)
1-99
100-249
> 249
1-99
100-249
> 249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
1-99
100-249
>249
6000.0
1196.9
1600.0
5488.5
1000.0
3411.1
5000.0
6000.0
3943.4
11 - 12
>12
1500.0
10487.8
5504.9
4800.0
1000.0
3000.0
5100.0
5000.0
3273.2
8007.2
7150.7
6115.0
16920.5
18353.14440.7
TLI, t
Tabe 6 Bef FrmAverage Financial Characteristics by Days Operator Worked Off-Farm, Selected 
Subregions of the South, 1968.
Days Operator
Worked Off-
FarmSubregion
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
Off-Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requirements
1. Lower Pied-
mont (GA., AL. &
S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
(Number)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report'
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
2
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
88135.3
46497.8
67435.3
63430.0
74093.8
66956.0
164035.6
27069.8
73312.3
131415.9
61339.3
141352.4
81938.6
91983.8
58276.7
70601.3
67614.8
68469.5
71539.6
179563.2
27069.8
76207.9
135164.1
67429.6
154179.3
90380.9
118139.2 131707.5
45366.6
65861.2
167740.1
121374.0
89742.8
58307.2
74269.4
187517.6
135615.9
101318.1
388311.9 415629.4
67320.4
344766.5
50969.7
71402.1
368931.9
56145.9
(DollIars)
10721.2
4500.1
25687.7
6067.2
10569.2
10572.6
44271.6
1990.4
33787.4
15330.8
20144.2
38212.9
22107.7
35313.0
24020.8
8348.8
30714.0
32822.2
28229.6
67750.6
12681.0
60279.9
14262.7
1357.4
5906.8
6583.7
3188.0
2923.1
1134.5
3965.1
5973.3
1284.4
1487.6
1944.5
5609.0
7365.8
1517.8
1460.0
3620.2
502.8
1142.1
1635.2
229.7
97.1
796.6
711.4
527.2
1244.0
424.9
493.3
460.5
680.2
299.5
568.6
42.9
565.1
541.1
749.1
647.5
210.6
3863.9
4375.0
4348.2
5084.4
4405.5
4390.6
5773.2
4976.1
4229.6
7846.6
7323.5
6109.9
4748.8
5610.6
3290.0
7673.6
7571.4
5987.8
5366.9
5462.7
6591.7
5642.3
4222.3
Table 6. Beef Farm
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator ActualFml
Worked Off- Net Total Farm Off-Farm Other Livin
Subregion Farm Worth Assets Income Income Income Requient
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
6. Alabama
Li mes tone
7. Bl ackbel t
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
(Number)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
141370.8 144463.6
39363.6
38625.5
84837.7
107703.4
54328.4
39363.6
39855.7
92390.0
111197.9
58447.0
155452.7 178194.1
51718.1
104425.1
47402.5
105706.0
74602.3
51718.1
106421.8
57906.5
121351.6
87239.1
323343.3 346515.7
1171834.0
45853.4
113698.8
276552.0
229057.1
1175167.0
46651.9
121025.2
291571.2
242089.4
144248.8 155777.6
62957.7
54135.2
99267.2
125112.3
91315.3
84541.0
74788.1
117351.0
138904.5
99369.1
(DolIars)
13016.0
7680.8
33606.6
6948.1
13399.1
17639.3
51665.1
7933.5
13013.9
6178.1
29492.1
21091.6
38195.6
163500.1
5719.8
14205.4
35036.2
33201.8
28518.5
20526.3
26860.6
13638.8
26097.4
16722.3
442.8
1623.7
5790.1
1509.9
1999.3
1004.2
6486.1
7761.7
3546.0
2706.2
12675.0
1611.7
9924.8
3873.4
2932.9
2291.1
6292.1
6826.3
1624.8
1550.2
3729.6
5412.5
2460.2
6089.1
4163.5
3529.9
6383.9
6025.4
6237.7
6892.2
6560.2
5415.1
5162.7
9500.0
5741.7
5069.2
5341.2
5133.9
4089.8
4370.8
6638.0
5508.1
4567.1
3865.1
139.0
577.6
703.0
498.4
48.2
368.6
323.4
1569.7
8233.8
100.2
365.9
1446.8
1320.2
455.7
160.2
175.4
355.4
401 .7
Tabl e 6. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
(Number)
Off-Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requi rements
(Doll1ars)
9. Tennessee
Highland R-im &
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
0
12. Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
103618.8 107465.8
67631.3
67239.6
92622.1
68366.9
73977.1
71613.9
97000.9
71115.8
104030.3 107110.1
87693.0
53554.3
57354.1
87262.8
53443.1
92690.0
59464.1
63159.6
91373.5
56640.1
201757.6 226684.8
146523.9
189510.6
85523.9
172682.1
139788.8
146523.9
209192.0
102629.4
193298.6
154364.0
273934.8 280705.8
109348.3
104362.9
122787.5
218809.8
91739.6
119923.3
104362.9
129020.6
225620.1
96522.4
Subregion
15115.6
4640.2
3501.2
11853.9
9768.3
13633.1
24718.2
4926.1
5202.9
11553.0
6786.3
38673.6
14338.7
11949.6
3454.6
25253.5
22646.3
26831.3
28747.2
4770.9
11115.2
22538.1
11437.6
8313.3
7959.3
2488.8
2385.4
782.2
12618.6
5590.4
2774.3
2016.0
1649.5
6035.1
12915.9
3513.5
3639.7
1133.9
9924.7
2527.1
1704.3
2602.3
624.6
1900.2
865.1
855.8
632.8
347.2
411.6
684.2
701.9
1534.4
580.8
2747.1
72.3
1315.1
2029.7
47484.2
855.2
19878.7
7700.5
32742.4
9995.4
4523.3
3833.1
5348.0
4488.9
4163.1
1848.1
999.4
3745.4
3038.7
2266.4
3357.7
3997.0
4266.9
6552.8
9128.0
5389.2
5635.1
6164.9
5913.8
19878.7
8073.2
6928.5
4483.3
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator Actual Family
Worked Off- Net Total Farm Off-Farm Other Living
Subregion Farm Worth Assets Income 
Income Income Requirements
15. Bluegrass
Area (KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.)
18. Jackson
Purchase Area (KY.)
(Number)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
168332.5 173784.4
196462.9
54869.7
40517.7
144395.5
142816.9
217459.0
70306.8
44369.4
151169.0
149509.1
113700.6 117828.4
54604.4
47138.8
57751.6
92369.8
91815.7
92846.9
91186.9
71405.4
48566.6
81212.9
80779.9
65342.0
46316.6
64933.1
63974.8
45132.9
56861.5
56603.7
59583.0
48684.0
61226.1
96146.3
95560.6
98020.5
96510.5
71780.3
51881.7
85761.6
85284.8
70221.9
40316.6
64933.1
66818.2
48884.7
60753.8
60451.2
(Dollars)
23401.3
27288.9
12719.0
5055.6
20298.3
20201.8
17503.7
13555.9
6304.8
7980.9
14170.1
14082.2
20696.3
20219.5
5835.9
15405.8
18889.4
18729.3
13843.2
2645.2
12180.8
7296.5
5370.2
9420.7
9330.5
659.9
279.9
5507.4
884.5
873.7
1099.7
4363.0
6830.5
2068.7
2050.9
1674.5
2624.3
5298.5
1375.3
1362.3
5739.7
699.2
5564.5
6792.7
3396.0
3356.8
156.8
1081.2
180.7
178.5
578.0
196.3
31.5
396.0
392.7
393.5
20.0
276.9
287.6
921.6
206.2
42.9
109.6
448.4
457.1
I-j
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
(Number)
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
Off- Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requi rements
(DollIars)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR.
& LA.)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
214245.4 249306.3
263649.6
141873.9
53592.9
149110.8
1177624.6
66219.1
43607.1
50754.6
41534.6
55599.3
46603.6
457210.8
133975.3
28671.0
203984.9
17485.0
384609.1
220053.7
62697.0
34859.5
23604.1
61943.9
55603.6
55604.0
308291.9
141873.9
56081.1
170082.2
134842.6
77356.8
43607.1
56952.1
47348.5
64130.4
53142.0
52-1849.9
133975.3
32660.0
203984.9
19738.9
437884.6
247282.1
66358.7
37406.7
26439.7
67916.8
59846.9
59850.9
31084.2
60400.0
3071.7
6872.8
21536.8
19751.6
12294.7
5610.1
4373.6
3854.2
8493.1
8025.8
96719.6
60440.0
1894.8
25183.3
7042.9
81448.6
53003.1
16013.1
2741.9
4137.8
6934.4
10457.9
10460.4
9228.2
8010.3
6914.9
3526.7
2505.4
349.8
6602.6
10648.7
4286.4
2921.5
2.0
747.9
4029.3
14076.6
1400.8
1057.5
705.8
3757.6
9348.3
3694.6
3694.8
1744.9
5034.0
491.3
1303.1
959.6
146.6
227.3
411.6
351.4
683.7 15603.4
6044.0
2393.4
5036.7
3006.1
556.6 12980.7
408.4 7850.9
1833.7
1181.1
45.6
968.6
968.4
Subregion
6010.7
5720.2
7980.9
6432.5
6255.0
5041.2
3354.1
3497.8
3078.4
6088.1
4282.2
3857.0
3105.8
1901.9
4172.2
6050.2
4106.8
4106.6
____ __ _____~_____ ~
Cil
tsD
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
Off-Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requi rements
23. Lower Coastal,
South Central (MS.
& LA.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
C)1
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas Rice-
land Prairies
(Number)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
125873.7
45127.9
21575.0
21924.2
48323.2
72726.8
73276.1
80802.0
91962.2
311169.8
36216.6
70380.1
98826.7
87249.6
130234.1
55112.0
26080.2
32462.8
52573.7
78066.4
80025.5
111302.6
95098.4
357305.3
38625.2
79306.3
124423.3
108611.6
185633.8 224837.5
30483.3
74199.9
74008.7
126197.8
104821.6
82799.9
80175.6
149020.3
124066.0
221032.1 240138.8
64628.2
49506.2
14867.0
199243.4
137028.9
71303.1
49556.8
16181.8
216443.8
150320.8
Subregi on
(DollIars)
19332.1
4093.5
8735.1
1440.5
3403.9
9458.2
10923.7
38598.7
1618.7
62850.1
8030.6
13250.5
33459.1
39276.5
58525.5
14570.0
2529.0
6541 .6
33091.4
27989.1
49236.2
4254.0
708.0
809.1
43277.0
38523.5
9984.0
325.4
9838.7
11764.0
6422.6
4612.1
8093.5
3189.8
4165.*7
12915.1
3241.'9
2490.2
2166.7
2970.0
12679.7
5497.9
4992.0
4402.3
1011.4
3944.3
452.9
475.8
2569.4
900.0
343.1
1245.8
874.7
1631.0
8326.7
66.8
1196.8
2076.4
1625.0
1349.9
3333.3
151.4
1011.7
849.6
315.5
869.8
297.1
423.2
4311.7
7987.2
4054.7
7306.5
6794.0
5820.1
5307.3
6729.4
6070.1
7776.8
4860.7
8389.4
7027.2
6548.7
4501.9
3900.0
3900.0
6581.6
5205.4
5175.8
5271.6
4169.2
2528.4
5104.3
5409.6
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
FarmSubregion
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
Off-Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requi rements
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
30. East Central
Oklahoma
(Number)
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef arms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef 5arms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef 5arms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef 5arms
All Farms
(Dollars)
52776.5
75509.2
38765.8
42147.5
61160.1
51288.3
51288.3
62418.6
57290.3
75729.9
54728.9
51085.9
60048.1
60048.1
69769.3
31379.4
56024.3
56024.3
76520.1
21730.6
12901.9
35167.8
48760.5
48760.5
55551.8
79720.8
43675.7
45688.1
66924.0
55245.6
55245.6
67683.5
57290.3
80276.0
59262.8
54969.2
64609.5
64609.5
76374.6
38576.4
62841.5
62841.5
84593.9
23731.7
20841.6
38073.8
53718.6
53718.6
9324.0
5013.9
4489.7
4298.1
4900.5
6754.3
6754.3
12474.5
5898.9
5711.7
4768.8
6528.9
8839.1
8839.1
10008.1
1986.3
7771.1
7771.1
7950.9
6548.3
1381.3
2804.4
5064.8
5064.8
9025.0
1573.7
9122.7
5204.6
2760.5
2760.5
2500.8
4937.1
5314.2
5643.2
2827.1
2827.1
6907.0
1926.1
1926.1
985.7
3429.4
7236.1
3511.7
3511.7
905.6
552.1
635.1
354.6
666.9
666.9
711.4
123.2
100.1
111.5
379.7
379.7
860.7
143.9
660.9
660.9
851.3
299.7
49.2
387.5
387.5
2788.2
5013.9
3521.9
3209.8
4864.4
3489.6
3489.6
3599.3
4336.2
3809.0
3146.7
5221.5
3941.1
3941.6
4134.7
6095.4
4748.8
4748.8
4137.0
3558.7
3027.9
4601.9
4152.1
4152.1
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Net
Worth
Total
Assets
Farm
Income
(Number)
Off-Farm
Income
Other
Income
Actual Family
Living
Requi rements
(Doll1ars)
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Niddle Coastal
(GA.)
c~n
U.l
34. East Texas
35. South Texas
Plain
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
Beef Farms:
None
No0 Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
All Farms
15367.2
17500.0
500.0
75874.1
67427.9
55459.7
78340.5
25000.0
11000.0
78372.6
70989.8
58361.7
120472.4 142568.0
22442.2
54211.2
133344.8
107871.9
63991.1
53022.6
71800.0
37116.7
47548.8
47683.3
46802.6
79675.3
104000.0
207465.4
27786.3
67551.8
63023.4
22442.6
66653.8
135589.5
126349.6
75944.5
58401.1
73000.0
38267.6
51970.4
51768.2
50837.8
83862.8
104000.0
215991.9
32203.6
71873.6
67154.4
Subregion
14556.4
10035.0
7000.0
3766.2
11431.1
9146.6
35707.7
3740.4
17851.5
23411.0
30960.7
21858.6
10071.1
6000.0
2227.8
3497.0
6070.7
6869.7
14337.8
4601.0
4936.0
6482.9
10290.7
10261.5
3750.0
5000.0
10033.6
2787.1
2129.6
1196.9
5401.1
2781.3
1083.6
1038.4
5000.0
6305.4
5324.5
3237.3
2971.6
1000.0
232.0
8261.6
3289.5
2828.0
684.0
628.7
588.2
644.1
329.3
242.7
246.8
515.4
329.1
297.4
271.9
575.6
120.0
144.1
1010.0
700.2
692.3
4946.0
6750.0
7500.0
7005.7
5664.0
4993.8
5529.0
2992.3
7418.8
627g. 5
5748. 2
5285.2
6292.7
6000.0
7273.3
5124.3
6118.3
5979.5
3444.4
3000.0
11159.9
7860.9
5577.1
5153.1
Table 6. Continued
Days Operator Actual Family
Worked Off- Net Total Farm Off-Farm Other Living
Subregion Farm Worth Assets Income Income Income Requirements
(Number) (Dollars)
36. East Texas Beef Farms:
Timber None 122622.4 129129.6 12580.3 1519.6 6064.9
No Report
1-99
100-249 117209.4 126994.4 2175.3 921.7 4353.5
>249 63750.6 72543.8 7554.6 9408.3 3876.0 8451.2
All Beef Farms 86548.9 94772.9 8476.3 5770.6 2784.6 7328.2
All Farms 87449.3 95655.6 9134.4 5656.3 2735.7 7332.1
37. Texas Coast Beef Farms:
Prairie None 477573.1 485244.1 59680.8 4915.5 5230.2
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249 4800000.0 4800000.0 371000.0 25000.0
All Beef Farms 509336.2 516931.1 61968.5 4879.4 5375.5
All Farms 240330.2 247725.3 35219.9 2108.8 4499.6
IThis category is included in "none" for subregions 32, 34, 35, 36 and 37.
2
A11 farms included beef and non-beef farms except for subreiong 27, 28, 29
surveyed.
and 30 in which non-beef farms were not
Table 7. Average Financial Characteristics and Income of Operators Reporting Days Worked Off-Farm by Operator Age Groups on Beef Farms, Selected
Subregions of the South, 1968.
Operator Age <25 25 - 44 45 - 64 >65
Days Operator Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non-
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income
1. Lower Piedmont None 0 0
(GA., AL. & S.C.) No Report 0 0
1-99 0 0
100-249 0 0
>249 0 0
2. Upper Coastal None 86446 -
(GA. & S.C.) No Report 27070 9952
1-99 - -
100-249 - -
>249 - -
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
None
No Report
1-99
100-249 -
>249
4. South Carolina None 175047
Tobacco Area No Report -
1-99
100-249 -
>249-
5. Lower Coastal None 754306
(S.C.) No Report -
1-99-
100-249 -
>249-
6. Alabama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
None - -
No Report - -
1-99 - -
100-249 - -
>249 - -
None - -
No Report - -
1-99 - -
100-249 - -
>249 202000 5200
None - -
No Report - -
1-99 - -
100-249 - -
>249 - -
0 82132 0 0 72694 - 905 103769
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 36359 749 0 27985 900 0 70962
0 34872 7824 250 90695 4537 215 0
0 50064 7134 118 69529 6328 87 0
- 250320 - 982 153069 - 365 97125
- 106488 663 2488 40137 1606 -
- 218787 4177 - 48726 4911 - 372300
- 45901 6956 674 73719 5186 250
74653 - 612 143763 - 320 103328
- - - -
45367 1944 299
- 70199 6138 - 62675 5231 946
- 145562 9627 - 184667 5680 7519 -
- 305949 - - 432669 - 722 48469
- - - -
67320 3620 -
-
- 35655 - - 97169 - - -
- - - -
14269 394 - 64458
- 46252 - - 30999 3247 - -
- 38380 7873 - 100808 5074 - -
- 256568 - - 143733 - - 43216
- - - - 51718 
1004 703 -
- - - - 104425 
6486 498 -
- 34603 9078 - 58295 6973 42 33140
- 304063 - 3893 474415 - 185 155558
- - - - 1171834 12675 8234 
-
- - -
- 55534 1594 125 
7005
260 28356 5113 - 133127 11765 509 -
- 428149 - - 86529 
- 210 80929
- - - - 62958 
2291 160-
- 57588 7126 - 47728 6373 - 62500
- - -
- 82513 7066 
89 174662
C.1
0 2603
0 0
2499 0
0 0
0 0
- 560
- 1715
- 2544
492
- 2026
7231 281
- 1937
1681
- 1272
1800-
5748 565
Table 7. Continued
Operator Age <25 25 - 44 45 - 64 >65
Days Operator Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non-
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah
Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W.
Coal Field Area
(KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.)
None 76328 - 82813 155152 - 120 79288 - 1104 122617 -
No Report - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - - - - -
100-249 - - - 71455 7403 - 65244 8882 - - -
>249 - - - 61440 12353 1335 70861 5345 200 - -
None 63054 - 666 98820 - 207 117066 - 1005 92687 -
No Report - - - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - 79280 848 - 150344 499 - 32903 997
100-249 - - - 46965 10992 39 52777 14255 441 78866 6020
>249 - - - 27170 6531 - 62170 5680 403 18563 2348
None 296205 - - 244675 - - 256453 - 3053 78981 -
No Report - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - - - - 146524 1649 581 - -
100-249 175285 4480 3983 121695 5661 4160 278312 6549 263 220465 6090
>249 - - - 73682 15175 14 103382 9615 159 - -
None 84829 - - 415170 - 606670 332775 - 803 132855 -
No Report - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - 174553 833 - 50274 1407 1630 
- -
100-249 - - - 104363 - 19879 - - - - -
>249 144982 7657 - 159031 10570 11070 109315 9478 7241 61755 11741
None 103383 - 55 148421 - 83 202539 - 84 95897 -
No Report - - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - 103758 574 885 569033 1004 1868 
- -
100-249 - - - 97348 - - 44300 350 - - -
>249 - - - 44182 5662 - 35393 5291 - - -
None 61515 - 150 197276 - - 77416 -
485 117675 -
No Report - - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - 49164 1502 - 55962 999 - - -
100-249 61079 4506 - 48713 5507 - 47008 4644 -
31341 -
>249 - - - 42212 7572 - 68406 6318 53 - -
None 66482 - 9 80149 - 39 123940 
- 170 57427 -
No Report - - - - - - - - -
1-99 - - - 138062 2999 - 44312 350 
- - -
100-249 - - - 67215 3499 - 83977 -
>249 45171 6465 167 55885 6598 - 47013 
4987 - - -
833
980
1894
614
963
864
3045
5713
-_
675
576
1452
2163
1363
Table 7. Continued
Operator Age <25 25 - 44 45 - 64 >65
Days Operator Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non-
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
20. Mississippi None
Clay Hills No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
21. Delta (MS., None
AR. & LA.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
22. Upper Coastal, None
South Central No Report
(AR. & LA.) 1-99
100-249
>249
23. Lower Coastal, None
South Central No Report
(MS. & LA.) 1-99
100-249
>249
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
139254 - 24867
- -
- -
- -
1--
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
90529 - -
- - -
- - -_
72370 8485 -
47355 7705 80
95530 - 201
21722 5978 -
- - _
40617 6889 741
67939 - -
- - -_
105630 9988 -
46590 12967 343
1151245 - 83
133975 2 -
- - -_
- - -_
18132 21918 -
100046 - 1856
- - -_
36632 5823 -
63550 11996 -
460829 - -
- - -
37343 551 -
380 16519 -
21031 6837 166
81451 - 885
91962 8093 -
24282 354 2327
32873 3476 -
53849 7692 668
77002 -
46317 5740
86543 903
61572 4729
44590 5975
345767 -
470000 12000
141874 8010
43523 6789
82598 -
43607 350
10190 6196
35623 7146
420583 -
28071 748
- -
16646 6081
52037 -
33647 643
15781 2518
61087 7751
79519 -
45128 9984
5807 100
32696 6499
63210 14451
79227 -
488323 5121
42999 5565
77446 15148
1115 36554 -
- 1213 103
55 -
-
41 37658 7351
2717 33148 
-
5034 - -
72 275482 8014
94 39761 
-
121 22035 626
86 29050 12021
528 6585 
-
- 203985 4029
154 56517 -
899 37291 832
70 
-
1818 77113 -
1350 - -
440 -
-
927 87889 -
13013
202 - -
1423 - -
1000
837
609
786
1745
493
2150
1629
1747
3560
8612
Table 7. Continued
Operator Age <25 25 - 44 45 - 64 >65
Days Operator Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- 
Net Off-Farm Other Non-
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm 
Income Worth Income Farm Income
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
26. Arkansas None
Riceland Prairies No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
27. Ozark Highland None
(AR. & OK.) No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
28. Central Arkansas None
& Southeast Oklahoma No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
0
184968 - 1807 56820 - 666 269431 - 1814 35564 -
- - 31000 2700 - 30225 1900 5000 - -
- - - - - 74200 2970 
- - -
- - 82505 19518 40 74690 5862 - 26078 32972
134006 1517
- -
- -
- 207175 -
- 30457 5823
- - _
- - _
- 234965 -
- -944
85 216003 -
- 49506 1011
63860 - 2395 44460 - - 60629 - 819 41272 -
- - - 75509 9025 - - - - -
- - - 38975 2599 
1000 34975 1369 200 55281 
948
- - - 36419 6120 
- 17796 794 1896 188012 70182
- - - 82082 6691 88 45948 
4218 533 - -
38693 - 98047 - - 63835 
- 636 51031
- 65554 3751 - 49026 1251 - -
- 102876 7067 229 37725 2452 - -
- 76976 6503 - 53140 5166 113 -
- 53775 6184 20 48396 5060 217 -
183
1918
1128
870
1096
1461
1315
- - -
64592
18385 4969
- 720 73929
- 34652 7395 180
30. East Central None
Oklahoma No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
32. Texas
Blackland
Prairie
- 25219 - - 96901 - 725 27454 
-
- 10737 1320 - 5260 298 -
59547 992
- 12902 8932 - - 651 - - -
- 35005 7362 48 98212 7194 77 - -
- 76415 - 516 67641 - 112 
87955 -
- 25000 1500 - 10000 6000 - - -
- 500 5000 - - - -
- 50827 7147 - 58237 14821 1555 778500 -
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
- 1260
1075.8
893
1867
Table 7. Continued
Operator Age <25 25 - 44 45 - 64 >65
Days Operator Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non- Net Off-Farm Other Non
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Income Worth Income Farm Incm
33. Middle Coastal
(GA.)
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
36. East Texas
Timber
37. Texas Coast
Prairie
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
None
No Report
1-99
100-249
>249
None
No Report
1-99
100- 249
>249
8478 - - 169321 - - 138929
- -- - - 22443
- - 36383 3253 - 66083
- -- - - 55455
108097
49339
64093
71800
37117
466138583
84232 36 106280
-n - 104000
- - -- - -
207465
- - - 20442 4625 546 45225
- - - 189447
- - - 73944
- - - 1988887
- 157567
8239 813
117209 92
61244 969
2663 167024 - 5540
1197
6832
3411
5000
6305
3620
1000
232
18507
277
329
101
120
144
2322
82185
477359
40777
57974
107000 5500
71 82128 - 3058
22 -
)6 4629- --
46700
- - - 4800000 -
1455
861
1094
500
Table 8. Index of Help with Farm Work by Family 
Members According to Amount of Off-Farm
Selected Subregions of the South, 1968.1
Work by Beef Farm Operators,
Primary Second
Days Operator Primary Second Operators' Children Operator
Subregions Worked Off-Farm Operators Operators Wives < 18 >18 Wives
( Tn re
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL., & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carol-
lina Tobacco Area
5. Lower
Coastal ( S.C.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.5
3.9
3.5
3.8
3.6
4.0
4.0
3.2
3.7
3.9
0.0
0.0
3z0
4.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
0.0
3.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
3.9
0.0
0.0
3.3
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
1.0
1.3
2.3
2.4
0.0
1.8
1.5
3.1
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.3
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.4
0.0
1.0
1.0
2.3
0.0
2.0
0.0
2.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
1.8
1.0
2.6
0.0
0.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
0.0
2.5
3.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.8
0.0
3.0
1.5
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
C~)
Table 8. Continued
Primary Second
Days Operator Primary Second Operators' Children Operator
Subreqion Worked Off-Farm Operators 
Operators Wives < 18 > 18 Wives
(Index)
6. Alabama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
3. Tennessee
Brown Loam
9. Tennessee
Brown Loam
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
3.9
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.9
4.0
3.8
3.4
3.9
3.6
3.3
2.9
3.8
0.0
2.9
3.2
3.9
3.5
3.4
3.3
4.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
3.9
0.0
0.0
4.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
2.7
3.0
0.0
2.7
2.3
0.0
1.3
3.0
2.5
4.0
2.5
2.4
2.9
1.7
2.5
1.5
2.8
2.0
2.0
3.0
2.2
0.0
2.2
2.5
2.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.3
3.0
0.0
1.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
3.0
2.6
0.0
0.0
2.0
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.9
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
1.4
1.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
o0
Table 8. Continued
Primary Second
Days Operator Primary Second Operators' Children Operator
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Operators Operators Wives 1 18 > 18 Wives
( Tndv)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah
Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area
(KY.)
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.3
3.8
4.0
4.0
2.9
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.3
3.8
4.0
3.5
3.3
3.9
4.0
3.8
3.4
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.4
3.4
0.0
4.0
0.0
4.0
4.0
0.0
3.0
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.9
0.0
0.0
3.0
3.8
0.0
4.0
3.5
4.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
2.2
0.0
1.8
1.0
2.7
3.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.0
1.7
1.2
2.2
3.0
2.0
2.6
2.2
3.5
2.3
1.2
2.2
0.0
2.6
1.4
2.0
2.7
1.4
1.5
3.3
0.0
4.0
3.0
3.1
0.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
0.0
0.0
3.5
3.3
0.0
0.0
2.5
3.4
0.0
3.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Table 8. Continued
Primary Second
Days Operator Primary Second Operators' Children Operator
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Operators Operators Wives 118 > 18 Wives
-- - -(Index)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR.
& LA.)
23. Lower
Coastal, South
Central ( MS. & LA.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
3.9
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.9
4.0
3.8
3.7
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.8
4.0
3.7
3.4
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.3
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
3.3
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
0.0
4.0
3.0
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
4.0
1.0
3.0
2.9
0.0
3.5
2.6
2.4
3.3
0.0
2.0
2.4
3.0
1.2
1.4
2.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
1.4
1.0
1.0
1.0
3.6
3.9
0.0
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.3
4.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
3.0
0.0
1.5
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8
0.0
0.0
1.5
2.5
3.0
0.0
0.0
2.9
4.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
4.0
0.0
0.0
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cn
Table 8. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
Subreqi ons
Primary
Primary Second Operators'
Oerators Operators Wives
Children
18 > 18
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
27. Ozark High
land (AR. & OK.)
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Okl ahoma
30. East Central
Okl ahoma
Second
Operator
Wives
Non e
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
1 00-249
>249
No ne
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
1 00-249
>249
None
1-99
1 00-249
> 249
Nlone
1-99
1 00-249
>249
3.8
4.0
4.0
3.2
3.9
3.7
4.0
3.0
3.8
3.8
3.1
3.1
3.8
3.5
3.6
3.5
4.0
0.0
0.0
3.2
3.9
4.0
3.7
3.4
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.3
0.0
4.0
2.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
0.0
3.7
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.3
0.0
0.0
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
(Index)-
2.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
2.5
2.4
1.0
2.3
1.6
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.8
3.3
0.0
1.5
2.8
2.4
0.0
0.0
2.7
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
1.6
0.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.6
40
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
3.4
1.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
2.3
4.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1 .2
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tabl e 8. Continued
Subrei
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Middle
Coastal (G.A.)
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
36. East Texas
Timber
Days Operator
Worked Off-Farm
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1-99
100-249
>249
None
1 -99
100-249
>249
Primary
Primary Second Operators'
Operators _Operators Wives
3.8
4.0
4.0
3.3
3.9
4.0
3.3
3.8
3.6
4.0
3.3
3.8
3.4
4.0
3.1
3.4
2.3
0.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
(Index)
1.6
1.0
1.0
1.1
2.4
0.0
1.0
2.0
2.7
0.0
1.0
1.0
1.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
2.0
Second
Children Operator
518 >18 Wives
2.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
3.0
3.0
0.0
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
3.0
0.0
1.0
3.8
0.3
0.0
0.0
2.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
0.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Table 8. Continued
Primary Second
Days Operator Primary Second Operators' Children Operator
Subregion Worked Off-Farm Operators Operators Wives <13 >18 Wives
37. Texas Coast 
(Index)
Prairie None 3.9 4.0 1.3 4.0 3.0 1.5
1-99 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
100-249 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
>249 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
llndex of farm work based on: regularly = 4; occasionally = 3; seldom = 2; never = 1. An index of 0 means that
there were no respondents in that category.
00
Table 9. Average Number of Days of Off-Farm Work and Off-Farm Income per Family Member by Amount of Off-Farm Work by Operator for Beef Farms,
Selected Subregions of the South, 1968.
0 P E R A T 0 R WI FE CH I L D R E N >18 CH ILL D R E N <18 0 THER
Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No.
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report-
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing
Ave.
Ave. Off- No.
Days Farm Report-
Work Income ing
Ave. Ave.
Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Days Farm Report- Days Farm
Work Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL. & S.C.)
No Off-Farm Work 387.6 325.9 5.4 81.1 52.8
1-99 52.8 38.3 1358.5 52.8 30.0
100-249 105.6 222.1 5904.3 105.6 85.0 1367.3 17.6
>249 290.3 265.2 6427.7 290.2 97.4 1450.8 17.6
All Farms in Group 836.2 122.5 3062.7 774.5 50.4 766.3 87.9
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
No Off-Farm Work 256.2 203.6 30.3 2257.8 32.8
1-99 6.6 35.0 1140.0 6.6 120.0 4000.0
100-249 19.7 169.3 3965.8 16.4 6.6
) >249 55.8 287.4 5877.1 55.8 49.4 588.1 6.6
Cf All Farms in Group 338.3 58.0 1223.0 282.4 34.4 1837.1 46.0
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
No Off-Farm Work 518.9 473.1 38.8 792.0 84.0
1-99 15.3 90.0 1950.6 15.3 124.8 1747.5
100-249 38.1 206.0 5602.0 38.1 48.1 1502.9
>249 84.0 288.9 8920.9 99.2 56.1 1169.1 7.6
All Farms in Group 656.3 51.0 1512.6 625.8 44.2 918.4 91.6
4. South Carolina
Tobacco Area
166.8 3035.1 140.7
43.9
240.0 3000.0 158.5
52.8
148.1 2421.6 395.9
26.0 649.7 105.2
3.3
23.0
19.7
18.6 464.1 151.2
50.1 882.8 534.3
22.9
22.9
99.3
45.9 809.2 679.4
6.2 49.9 35.1
35.1
2.2 17.7 70.3
77.5 1601.1
38.8 800.9
42.7 19.3
6.6 130.0 2080.0
49.3 34.1 277.3
175.5 96.1 1634.1
30.5 75.1 1251.7
206.0 93.0 1577.5
No Off-Farm Work 21.7 17.3
1-99
100-249
>249 3.5 281.1 3650.1 3.5
All Farms in Group 25.2 38.7 503.1 20.7
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
No Off-Farm Work 10.8 11.9
1-99 2.2 20.0 450.0 2.2
100-249 2.2 155.0 1650.0 2.2
>249 4.3 260.0 5750.0 4.3
All Farms in Group 19.5 77.2 1511.1 
20.6
21.5
17.9
4.9
4.9
23.6 290.9 3.2
90.0 2500.0 1.1
23.2 431.6 4.3
1.4
4.3 30.0 240.0
5.7 22.5 180.0
90.0 1833.3 8.7
4.3
7.6
67.5 1375.0 
20.6
1.2
1.2
22.5 45.0
9.5 18.9
Table 9. Continued
SP E RA T R WI FE CHI L D R E N >18 CHI L D R E N <18 T HER
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
6. Alabama
Limestone
No Off-Farm Work 119.6 119.6 36.4 463.5 25.6
1-99 8.5 60.0 1000.0 8.5 180.0 7000.0 8.5
100-249 17.1 165.0 6502.0 8.5 180.0 1500.0
>249 93.8 274.8 7761.0 93.8 16.4 499.6 34.1
All Farms in Group 239.0 121.8 3546.0 230.5 38.9 758.7 68.2
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
No Off-Farm Work 250.0 195.4 43.6 811.1 46.9
1-99 23.4 61.6 12669.6 23.4 15.6
100-249 39.1 158.8 1613.1 39.1 82.1 1480.0 15.6
>249 140.6 264.5 9924.8 132.8 126.5 1290.0 46.9
All Farms in Group 453.1 99.0 3873.6 390.6 73.0 992.2 125.0
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
No Off-Farm Work 343.2 312.0
1-99 26.1 19.3 2291.6 15.6
100-249 52.0 196.5 6294.3 46.8
>249 57.2 265.5 6827.3 46.8
All Farms in Group 478.5 54.1 1624.8 421.2
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
21.4 378.0 31.2
2.0
53.3 833.6 15.6
60.6 977.6
28.6 481.2 46.8
83.3 2665.2 85.6
90.0 1100.0 8.5
17.0
107.5 1875.4 145.0
96.2 2074.5 256.1
83.2 1165.5 210.9
7.8
31.3
41.7 1866.2 140.6
46.9 1137.2 390.6
41.7
27.8
17.0 200.0 4500.0
17.1 45.0 375.0
34.1 122.5 2436.2
46.9 65.0 1299.9
31.2
15.6
93.7 32.5 650.5
46.8
10.4
20.8 125.0 2800.1
78.0 33.3 746.7
161.3
10.4
41.6
5.2
218.5
No Off-Farm Work 441.0 358.3 6.3 153.7
1-99
100-249 119.4 229.2 8310.4 119.4 36.9 891.9
>249 73.5 257.5 7960.9 73.5 45.5 1249.7
All Farms in Group 633.9 73.0 2488.7 551.2 18.1 459.8
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
18.4
9.2
9.2
36.8
No Off-Farm Work 420.2 158.6 12.0 300.0 87.2
1-99 47.6 45.0 783.3 15.9
100-249 87.2 194.5 12618.5 71.3 46.7 1166.7 
15.9
>249 142.7 265.3 5590.8 87.2 34.5 590.9 
7.9
All Farms in Group 697.6 81.7 2774.2 332.9 24.8 547.6 
111.0
73.5
9.2
27.5
110.3
47.7 745.5 111.0
7.9
23.8
47.6
37.5 585.7 190.3
36.8 115.0 3250.0
36.8 115.0 3250.0
55.5 44.3 1714.3
7.9 300.0
15.9 125.0 3500.0
79.3 86.0 1900.0
0
Table 9. Continued
O PERAT O R WIFE CHILDREN >18 C H I L D R E N <18 THER
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
12. Virginia
Shenandoah
Valley
No Off-Farm Work 196.4 3.7
1-99 29.0 42.8 1649.0
100-249 39.3 179.1 6039.7
>249 68.6 286.3 12922.0
All Farms in Group 333.3 83.7 3513.6 3.7
13. Virginia
Upper Piedmont
No Off-Farm Work 167.0 21.1
1-99 22.3 23.9 1133.0 2.3
100-249 6.0 100.0
>249 61.0 286.3 9645.2 11.7
All Farms in Group 256.2 72.6 2394.5 35.1
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
No Off-Farm Work 313.8 297.9
1-99 26.6 69.0 660.0 26.6
100-249 26.6 155.0 280.0 26.6
>249 63.8 260.0 5505.0 63.8
All Farms in Group 430.8 52.3 873.6 414.9
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
No Off-Farm Work 921.0 883.1
1-99 63.1 48.0 1100.0 63.1
100-249 138.8 157.3 4363.6 126.2
>249 340.6 258.9 6829.6 302.8
All Farms in Group 1463.5 77.2 2050.9 1375.2
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area (KY.)
No Off-Farm Work 458.7 415.3
1-99 24.8 58.5 1675.0 18.6
100-249 24.8 151.5 2625.0 24.8
>249 148.8 267.1 5300.0 136.4
All Farms in Group 657.0 68.4 1362.3 595.0
13.5 200.7 6599.8 87.4
6.6
6.9
6.6 46.5
20.2 134.6 4425.5 147.5
20.0
2.3
54.2 602.1 21.0 101.5 2451.8
18.1 200.7 43.3 49.2 1187.7
34.0 630.4
36.0
92.0
24.2 575.0
36.3 541.1
5.3
5.3
6.8 38.0 52.8
8.3
6.6
3.1
4.1 22.5 70.8
22.6
2.3
14.0
38.9
53.2
5.3
16.0
74.5
33.4 595.7 100.9 31.3 687.5 264.9
66.0 1080.0 126.2
45.0 800.0 25.2 130.0 75.7
31.7 320.8 50.5 130.0 189.2
35.6 576.1 176.6 73.6 392.9 656.1
59.5 622.4
86.7 1333.3
172.5 975.0
20.0 313.6
56.0 588.5
55.8 115.1 2706.7 105.4
6.2 18.6
18.6
12.4 62.0
74.4 86.3 2030.0 204.5
34.9 643.3
26.0 479.4
20.2 44.3 810.5
4.7 160.0 5350.0
24.9 66.1 1665.5
37.2
10.6
37.1
47.9 28.9
214.5 30.0 676.5
12.6
25.2 130.0 2500.0
88.3 111.4 1785.7
340.6 57.4 1074.1
167.4 37.8 710.4
6.2
12.4 100.0 4500.0
185.9 40.7 939.3
Table 9. Continued
SP E R A T R WI FE CH I L D R E N >18 
CH I L D R E N <18 T HER
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. 
Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days 
Farm Report- Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work 
Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) 
(No.) (No.) ($)
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
No Off-Farm Work 149.8 141.9
1-99 15.8 31.2 700.5 11.8
100-249 35.5 177.2 5566.7 35.5
>249 138.0 262.3 6829.2 126.2
All Farms in Group 347.0 123.9 3448.0 323.3
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
No Off-Farm Work 284.0 249.0
1-99 25.2 60.6 9243.5 25.2
100-249 23.5 215.2 8014.7 23.5
>249 222.1 268.2 6914.5 210.6
All Farms in Group 554.8 119.2 3526.7 508.2
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
No Off-Farm Work 508.9 450.8
1-99 29.1 29.0 350.1 29.1
100-249 72.7 158.0 6605.4 72.7
>249 319.8 257.7 6561.4 305.4
All Farms in Group 930.4 101.8 2782.2 857.9
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
28.1 530.6
86.7 400.0
22.2 555.6
58.6 785.9
40.8 639.6
22.4 483.9
34.6 135.1
6.5 90.7
33.8 320.9
27.0 380.9
15.8 1625.0
3.9
7.9 103.0 3500.0
11.8
39.4 20.6 1350.0
11.7
11.7
23.3
46.9 1327.0 101.8
14.5
40.0 599.5 14.5
71.4 1108.8 29.1
53.5 1142.8 160.0
3.9
19.7
23.7
151.1
23.7 86.7 2233.3
23.7 86.7 2233.3
34.9
11.8
23.4
70.2
87.2 141.7 1933.1
87.2 141.7 1933.1
60.0 600.0 106.0
30.0 300.0 257.1
72.8 684.8 276.4
70.0 800.0
29.1
378.1
52.7 508.6 683.6
No Off-Farm Work 163.4 131.6 1.3 27.2
1-99 9.1 42.5 750.0 9.1 
130.0 1600.0
100-249 4.5 110.0 4000.0 4.5
>249 18.1 260.0 14048.2 18.1 
65.0 8747.8
All Farms in Group 199.7 28.0 1400.8 167.9 
15.4 1187.7
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central
(AR. & LA.)
No Off-Farm Work 251.6 235.9 
13.0 449.6
1-99 47.2 45.7 706.1 
47.2 129.9 1932.9
100-249 62.9 160.0 3760.0 39.3 
52.1 640.7
>249 157.2 260.3 8292.0 180.8 
35.4 504.3
All Farms in Group 518.8 102.4 3032.0 503.1 35.1 
623.2
59.0
59.0
36.3
13.6
72.6
31.5 220.1 3700.3 63.0
31.4
47.1 43.3 1083.2 102.2
78.6 114.1 2131.5 196.6
63.6
63.6
15.7
15.7
23.6
55.0
75.0 750.0
86.7 2000.0
58.5 1071.2
Table 9. Continued
O PERAT O R WIFE 
CH I LDREN >18 CH I L D R 
E N 18 THER
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- 
Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work 
Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) 1 ($) (No.) (No.) 
($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
23. Lower Coastal,
South Central
(MS. & LA.)
No Off-Farm Work 110.3 96.5
1-99 13.8 20.0 325.0 
13.8
100-249 41.4 212.7 9831.1 
41.4
>249 117.3 285.8 11766.6 
96.6
All Farms in Group 289.7 147.1 6422.9 
255.2
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
No Off-Farm Work 113.4 109.9
1-99 17.7 49.9 3182.7 14.2
100-249 10.6 173.3 4153.0 10.6
>249 35.4 277.0 12901.6 31.9
All Farms in Group 180.8 69.4 3241.9 
170.2
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
No Off-Farm Work 206.4 
219.2
1-99 38.7 76.7 
2166.7 38.7
100-249 12.9 180.0 
2970.0 12.9
>249 154.7 274.7 
12042.6 180.5
All Farms in Group 412.7 115.8 
4810.5 451.3
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
No Off-Farm Work 116.6 
103.3
1-99 10.0 
33.4 4399.3 6.7
100-249 3.3 110.0 
1000.0 3.3
>249 3.3 260.0 
3900.0 3.3
All Farms in Group 133.3 
11.8 452.8 116.7
27. Ozark Highland
(AR. & OK.)
No Off-Farm Work 356.3 
327.4
1-99 134.8 45.6 
1573.6 125.2
100-249 96.3 
171.7 9123.8 77.0
>249 192.6 
401.5 5205.2 173.3
All Farms in Group 789.6 
126.6 2760.6 712.5
68.9
56.7 1333.8 13.8 53.0 
925.0 55.2
17.9 357.5 27.6 
62.1
16.0 351.8 41.4 17.7 308.3 
200.0
2.3 35.0
48.8 1265.6
9.3 245.6
29.9 328.4 12.8
29.2 740.7 12.8
26.2 455.8 25.7
9.2 267.8 13.3
260.0 3380.0
15.6 333.9
5.9 214.7
40.0 623.1
32.5 325.0
73.1 522.5
31.0 370.3
35.4 43.0 5041.9 
74.5
7.1 17.8
10.6
35.4
42.5 35.8 4198.5 
141.9
103.1
12.9
90.2
206.2
13.3
10.0
23.3
53.0 3065.5 77.0
55.0 350.0 57.8
60.5 844.9 
77.0
192.6
55.5 1387.2 404.4
13.3
48.1
57.8
38.5
144.4
13.8
6.9
20.7
7.1
7.1
14.2
25.8
25.8
40.0 8.3 125.0
40.0 8.3 125.0
9.6
12.5 100.0 9.6
10.0 63.7 9.6 75.0 
1000.0
6.5 46.2 48.2 64.0 
500.7
6.8 48.4 96.3 39.5 
350.4
Table 9. Continued
0 P E R A T 0 R WI F E CHI L D R E N >18 CHILDREN 18 0 T H E R
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
28. Central Arkansas
& Southeast Oklahoma
No Off-Farm Work 509.6 372.4
1-99 127.4 14.3 4935.2 98.1
100-249 176.5 184.5 5315.2 166.7
>249 255.0 278.6 5610.7 225.6
All Farms in Group 1107.7 95.2 2794.5 901.9
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
21.1 320.2
1.0 1179.9
69.1 1233.6
53.8 1000.1
35.0 753.8
9.8
9.8
39.2
58.9
29.4
50.0 900.0 88.2
98.1
8.3 149.8 215.7
No Off-Farm Work 88.7 68.4 102.2 1302.8
1-99
100-249
>249 34.3 265.2 6911.4 34.3 144.0 2679.5
All Farms in Group 123.0 73.9 1925.8 102.6 116.2 1762.6
30. East Central
Oklahoma
13.5 111.4 1519.4
13.5 111.4 1519.4
13.7
6.9
20.6
33.7 52.8 1585.3
6.8 260.0 8000.0
40.6 87.8 2667.8
No Off-Farm Work 70.7 65.7
1-99 20.2 55.0 984.3 20.2
100-249 15.2 158.4 3436.9 15.2
>249 75.7 273.5 5924.7 80.7
All Farms in Group 181.8 133.2 2862.7 181.8
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
10.1
77.6 750.7 5.1
5.0
5.1
32.6 391.4 25.2 24.0 384.4 45.4 6.7 106.6
23.1 257.3 40.3 15.0 240.2 55.5 5.5 87.3
No Off-Farm Work 13425.0 12589.0 35.1 651.5 906.0 246.9 
4875.0
1-99 1672.0 71.0 3750.0 836.0 836.0
100-249 836.0 200.0 5000.0 836.0 100.0 2000.0 
2508.0
>249 3850.0 262.7 10800.9 3709.0 70.0 280.0 
6000.0 2721.0
All Farms in Group 19783.0 65.6 2630.2 17970.0 29.2 
549.5 1812.0 134.2 231.8 10104.0
33. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
No Off-Farm Work 340.5 293.6 16.1 339.5 29.9
1-99 14.5 60.0 1200.0 14.5
100-249 72.3 190.0 5400.0 72.3 102.0 2484.0
>249 32.5 281.5 2780.7 32.5 200.2 1601.7 6.0
All Farms in Group 459.8 51.7 1083.6 412.8 45.1 802.7 36.0
235.8
57.9
293.7
35.8 29.3 635.1
35.8 29.3 635.1
68.5
29.4
29.4
49.0
186.1
2.3 4331.3
1.7 2335.0
86.7 1668.0
48.0 1149.4
27.4 2529.0
164.0
1672.0
1836.0
13.2 351.2
1.2 31.4
Table 9. Continued
O P E R A T O R W I F E C H I L D R E N >18 CHI LDREN 18 O THER
Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave. Ave.
Days of No. Ave. 00ff- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off- No. Ave. Off-
Off-Farm Work Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm Report- Days Farm
by Operator ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income ing Work Income
(No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.1 ($) (No.) (No.) ($) (No.) (No.) ($)
34. East Texas
Farming
No Off-Farm Work 6569.0 6569.0
1-99 70.0 87.0 5000.0 70.0
100-249 3414.0 206.9 6305.4 3414.0
>249 5111.0 267.2 5324.5 4275.0
All Farms in Group 15164.0 137.0 3237.3 14328.0
35. South Texas
Plain
No Off-Farm Work 9050.0 8838.0
1-99 836.0 35.0 1000.0 836.0
100-249 988.0 197.3 232.0 988.0
>249 5308.0 282.4 9824.5 5238.0
All Farms in Group 16182.0 106.5 3288.4 15900.0
36. East Texas
Timber
No Off-Farm Work 2585.0 2373.0
1-99
100-249 907.0 107.8 921.7 907.0
>249 5310.0 278.0 9408.3 5310.0
All Farms in Group 8802.0 178.8 5770.7 8590.0
37. Texas Coast
Prairie
No Off-Farm Work 1621.0
1-99
100-249
>249 12.0 260.0
All Farms in Group 1633.0 1.9
2.8 27.0 293.0
100.4 2448.7
136.9 2424.9
66.1 1319.4 293.0
5.4 86.6 210.0
4.2 75.1 210.0
4.4 72.8 420.0
102.7 2050.6 1672.0 260.0
63.5 1267.5 1672.0 260.0
1550.0 9.4
12.0
1562.0 9.3
152.0
152.0
3003.0
70.0
2508.0
1838.0
7419.0
2094.0 14.8 336.7
24.0 130.0 32500.0
2118.0 16.1 701.1
1186.0 5.4 26.9
234.0 83.8 323.1
9208.0 1672.0
10628.0 2.4 10.1 1672.0
210.0
7195.0
7405.0
178.0
140.0
24.0
164.0
351.0
178.0 351.0
-4
Ul1
Table 10. Herd Replacement Practices of Beef Farm
of the South, 1968.
Operators by Days Operator Worked Off-Farm,
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Subregion Farm
Average
Number
Cows
Percent
Herd
Replaced
Annually
(No.) (Years) (Percent)
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL. & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carol-
ina Tobacco Area
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
Percent
Replace-
ment
Raised
Calving
Age of
Replace-
ment
Heifers
(Percent)
Average
Age of
Culled
Cows
% Operators
Using Per-
formance
Testing in
Heifer
Selection
I
(Months)
None
1-99
100-249
249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All Farms
42.9
23.5
22.1
28.0
33.8
42.4
38.0
36.5
23.7
38.4
51.6
20.0
26.8
54.8
50.0
41.6
19.9
38.7
51.6
20.0
26.8
54.8
50.0
7.2
3.5
1.1
6.3
6.3
4.6
14.5
3.2
9.6
5.2
6.7
2.5
3.7
9.2
7.0
3.6
3.4
6.7
2.5
3.7
9.2
7.0
78.6
100.0
100.0
58.9
73.5
90.0
100.0
100.0
78.8
88.7
89.6
100.0
90.0
92.9
90.4
72.9
72.9
100.0
95.0
100.0
97.1
23.3
24.0
22.1
23.5
23.2
24.4
27.0
26.0
25.5
24.7
24.5
18.0
24.6
27.2
24.9
22.0
21.7
22.0
24.5
18.0
24.6
27.2
24.9
8.2
8.7
11.3
9.7
8.9
10.3
13.5
9.2
10.2
10.3
9.7
10.0
8.7
10.4
9.8
7.8
9.0
7.9
9.7
10.0
8.7
10.4
9.8
2.3
2.9
2.1
2.6
5.9
2.9
7.1
1.2
9.1
7.9
7.1
1.2
Selected Subregions
Table 10. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Of f-
Subregion Farm
Average
Number
Cows
Percent
Herd
Repl aced
Annually
Percent
Repl ace-
ment
Raised
Cal vi n
Age ol
Repl acE
ment
Hei fer--
% Operators
9 Using Per-
f Average formance
Age of Testing in
Culled Heifer
S Cows Selection
6. Alabama
Limestone
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
10. Appalachian
TN. & VA.)
None
1-99
100-249
249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100-249
249
Al IFanrms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All 1Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All 1Farms
None
1-99
100- 249
249
All 1Farms
(No. )
62.9
20.0
26.0
21.0
42.3
12.6
10.0
10.0
11.6
12.0
31.9
41.6
24.8
21.3
30.4
27.9
26.1
15.4
26.1
35.5
57.0
21.4
20.9
32.2
(Percent)
4.4
3.9
4.1
5.6
40.0
5.4
3.2
4.8
4.0
9.4
3.9
1.1
-1
5.7
1.4
10.9
11.3
18.3
11.7
11.7
(Months) (Years)
48.4
22.2
43.5
38.1
100.0
100.0
85.9
52.6
35.4
90.0
80.0
37.4
65.3
93.3
28.6
58.4
69.0
76.9
62.2
28.4
63.1
25.5
24.0
24.0
24.4
24.8
24.6
23.7
19.8
25.4
24.3
23.3
23.6
20.9
24.0
23.2
24.1
24.5
23.2
24.1
25.4
24.6
24.0
26.8
25.4
9.5
12.0
12.0
10.3
10.1
10.3
7.5
10.0
11.1
10.3
12.1
9.5
9.0
7.7
11.1
11.2
12.9
10.3
11.6
10.1
9.3
11.5
9.3
10.1
(Percent)
7.1
3.6
9.4
5.2
4.8
10.0
9.1
5.7
15.4
12.5
4.3
5.8
20.0
6.3
7.2
_ __
Tabl e 10. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
% Operators
Using Per-
formance
Testing in
Heifer
Selection
12. Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
00
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY. )
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal , W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area (KY.)
None
1-99
100- 249
249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All 1Farms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All 1Farms
(No. )
60.9
53. 9
62.9
24.0
53.3
71.0
39.6
66.0
33.1
58.9
32.3
23.8
14.4
12.1
27.9
32.4
29.4
20.6
28.6
30.3
27.9
24.0
18.7
19.6
25.5
(Percent)
4.8
11.9
10.4
6.0
8.2
7.4
9.1
5.3
7.7
5.0
34.7
3.4
5.6
5.8
10.2
5.5
4.7
5.7
8.0
11.5
21.3
9.4
8.8
(Months) (Years) (Percent)
95.0
100.0
66.0
87.5
90.3
7.2
100.0
82.9
85.3
81.1
100.0
66.2
57.5
60.0
66.7
76.1
61.4
53.9
77.3
62.5
63.5
57.4
26.1
27.5
29.0
26.6
26.7
26.0
23.7
24.0
27.3
26.0
24.9
25.5
19.5
26.0
24.7
26.6
26.4
26.3
25.2
26.2
24.5
22.7
26.7
23.8
24.3
10.5
12.0
9.0
8.7
10.2
9.6
9.0
10.0
10.9
9.9
10.0
9.0
8.0
9.0
9.9
10.0
10.0
10.3
9.6
9.9
10.6
12.3
7.3
9.6
10.3
5.4
17.4
5.6
17.8
20.9
22.1
18.7
3.9
2.9
5.6
10.0
3.8
5.4
6.8
25.0
8.0
7.5
Subregi on
Average
Number
Cows
Percent
Herd
Replaced
Annually
Percent
Replace-
me nt
Raised
Calving
Age of
Replace-
ment
Heifers
Ave rage
Age of
Culled
Cows
_ _~_
Table 10. Continued
% Operators
Calving Using Per-
Percent Percent Age of Average formance
Days Operator Average Herd Replace- Replace- Age of Testing in
Worked Off- Number Replaced ment ment Culled Heifer
Subregion Farm Cows Annually Raised Heifers Cows Selection
18. Jackson
Purchase Area
(KY.)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR.
& LA.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
(No.)
26.6
35.5
22.1
24.4
25.4
104.9
225.4
29.8
29.9
77.2
38.7
17.5
23.4
31.9
34.5
121.2
22.0
8.0
15.0
102.0
34.6
20.7
19.1
37.4
32.6
(Percent)
6.0
10.6
3.5
13.0
8.7
11.9
13.3
8.0
9.8
4.4
5.1
5.9
4.9
13.3
4.5
13.3
13.1
7.8
11.3
14.4
12.2
10.1
(Months) (Years)
67.0
100.0
42.9
67.3
68.8
55.9
100.0
83.5
60.4
29.7
100.0
37.3
36.6
24.4
100.0
100.0
25.7
80.9
76.4
94.6
34.2
60.2
25.6
26.7
28.0
25.7
25.8
28.2
22.9
30.0
28.4
28.1
26.5
24.0
25.0
23.7
25.3
27.1
24.0
24.0
33.0
27.5
27.9
23.0
26.6
26.7
26.9
9.9
6.0
9.0
9.0
9.4
10.1
10.0
10.9
10.4
8.6
9.0
10.5
9.2
10.6
12.0
14.0
9.7
10.6
10.0
9.3
10.6
10.1
10.0
(Percent)
8.1
2.9
5.7
8.9
4.5
8.6
4.4
6.2
6.1
25.0
5.6
Table 10. Continued
% Operators
Calving Using Per-
Percent Percent Age of Average formance
Days Operator Average Herd Replace- Replace- Age of Testing in
Worked Off- Number Replaced ment ment Culled Heifer
Subregion Farm Cows Annually Raised Heifers Cows Selection
23. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL. & S.C.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
00
0
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Farms
(No.)
34.8
12.0
27.8
35.0
32.7
39.6
61.9
27.4
30.2
38.9
107.6
35.0
20.0
39.7
72.7
87.0
40.3
15.0
7.0
79.7
34.3
22.5
25.8
34.2
31.7
(Percent)
10.4
16.7
8.4
6.2
8.6
6.0
14.9
6.1
7.0
7.7
11.9
6.1
10.1
3.9
71.4
3.9
7.5
5.1
8.1
9.3
8.7
(Months)
97.0
95.0
100.0
83.8
92.4
92.1
98.5
100.0
95.4
94.9
89.6
41.3
83.4
78.8
50.0
77.6
72.1
100.0
70.2
27.0
51.6
25.1
26.0
26.0
29.5
26.9
29.9
30.8
27.0
29.6
29.8
28.9
28.0
30.0
29.2
29.0
28.0
27.0
33.0
22.0
27.9
27.9
28.3
30.0
27.2
28.0
(Years) (Percent)
10.5
9.0
7.5
10.5
10.0
8.8
12.0
7.5
10.0
9.3
9.2
11.0
10.0
11.2
10.2
10.0
12.0
7.0
10.1
11.5
10.2
11.2
10.7
11.1
7.1
2.8
14.3
12.5
11.1
1.2
Tabl e 10. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
% Operators
Using Per-
formance
Testing in
Heifer
Selection
28. Central.
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Okl ahoma
00
I-j
30. East Central
Oklahoma
32. Texas Black-
land Prairie
33. Middle Coastal
(GA.)
Subregion
Average
Number
Cows
Percent
Herd
Replaced
Annually
Percent
Replace-
ment
Raised
Calving
Age of
Repl ace-
men t
Hei fers
(Percent)
Average
Age of
Culled
Cows
None
1-99
100- 249
> 249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100- 249
> 249
All 1Farms
None
1-99
100- 249
>249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100- 249
249
All 1Farms
(No. )
48.2
53.7
45.5
31.2
44.0
45.1
14.6
36.6
66.6
13.5
17.0
28.7
40.4
46.0
62.5
75.0
33.4
45.6
34.6
10.0
8.6
49.8
30.8
9.2
8.7
14.3
6.4
9.4
6.4
8.2
6.6
3.0
44.4
5.4
5.2
14.4
16.0
11.5
13.2
4.8
23.7
13.7
16.0
59.0
32.5
37.2
56.8
50.3
89.6
77.2
89.4
3.1
100.0
66.0
16.4
57.7
20.2
95.2
2.0
100.0
35.0
(Months)
26.7
28.1
28.1
28.2
27.5
26.5
23.7
25.9
26.4
30.0
27.0
25.4
26.4
24.4
24.0
24.0
29.8
26.1
25.1
24.0
25.0
23.8
24.9
(Years)
11. 1
10.8
10.3
10.9
11.0
9.7
7.0
90
11.3
10.0
15.0
10.7
11. 1
10.8
10.0
11.0
10.2
10.6
9.3
7.7
8.7
9.0
(Percent)
7.7
5.6
7.4
6.1
15.0
10.9
7.5
24.9
6.3
8.2
1.1
1.5
1. 1
5.4
4.1
Table 10. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
% Operators
Using Per-
formance
Testing in
Heifer
Selection
34. East Texas
Farming
35. South Texas
Plain
36. East Texas
Timber
37. Texas Coast
Prairie
None
1-99
100-249
249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100-249
249
All IFarms
None
1-99
100- 249
249
All 1Farms
None
1-99
100- 249
249
All IFarms
(No. )
58.6
150.0
35.9
28.0
43.6
54.3
50.0
70.1
29.3
45.2
69.8
30.2
63.3
61.8
133.6
3907.0
(Percent)
6.1
10.0
11.8
4.4
6.8
4.0
40.0
2.1
7.1
6.5
9.3
1.5
4.1
6.2
(Months) (Years) (Percent)
26. 1
100.0
52.2
39.6
38.0
68.5
58.9
19.2
32.7
38.5
50.0
90.8
50.7
91.1
7.7 100.0
23.5
24.0
26.9
26.0
25.0
25.0
24.0
23.9
24.1
24.5
27.1
24.0
27.4
26.9
24.4
24.0
9A1 A
8.6
10.0
8.0
9.5
8.7
11.5
9.0
12.0
10.8
11. 1
11.4
12.0
11.3
11.3
11.2
13.0
11 
9,
.A.dash -) means the ene i- ls t 1.IA as (- mansth pecetag i les han1%
Subregion
Average
Number
Cows
Percent
Herd
Repl aced
Annually
Percent
Replace-
ment
Raised
Calving
Age of
Repl ace-
ment
Hei fers
00,
Average
Age of
Culled
Cows
Table 11. Calf Production Practices by Days Beef Farm Operators Worked Off-Farm, Selected Sbein fteSuh 98
Days Operator
Worked Of f-
Farmn
Percent
Farms Using
Pregnancy
Tests
1
,2
1. Lower Piedmont
(GA., AL. & S.C.)
2. Upper Coastal
(GA. & S.C.)
3. Peanut Area
(GA. & AL.)
4. South Carol-
ina Tobacco Area
5. Lower Coastal
(S.C.)
6. Alabama
Limestone
None
1-99
100-249
> 249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
No ne
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
(No. )
42.9
23.5
22.1
28.0
33.8
42.4
38.0
36.5
23.7
38.4
51.6
20.0
26.8
54.8
50.0
41.6
19.9
38.7
29.1
8.5
35.0
13.5
24.3
62.9
20.0
26.0
21.0
42.3
(Mo/day) (Months)
3/01
2/16
5/16
2/16
2/25
3/28
4/01
6/13
2/28
3/22
3/28
10/01
3/10
3/28
3/01
2/19
2/28
2/16
2/01
2/16
11/01
3/19
4/28
4/01
1/01
4/01
4/10
6.6
6.2
6. 1
6.8
6.6
6.7
7.5
7.0
6.3
6.7
6.6
7.0
6.8
6-.6
6.6
6.8
7.2
6.9
6.0
5.5
8.5
7.0
6.4
6.5
8.0
6.5
7.3
6.9
Subregion
Average
Number
Cows
Average
Calving
Date
Age
Weaned
Weight
Weaned
Age
Sol d
00
(%)
2.6
11. 1
3.9
7.1
1 .1
(l bs.)
439
463
423
431
436
417
536
442
391
416
429
500
415
418
427
436
450
438
380
375
400
388
383
397
450
438
486
437
(Months)
4.9
8.9
6.5
6.8
5.8
7.2
6.0
6.7
5.8
7.0
6.1
1.0
7.0
8.2
6.5
8.2
6.5
8.0
7.1
4.3
5.0
5.8
6.3
7.5
10.0
6.5
8.7
7.7
Subregions of the South., 1968.
Table 11. Continued
Days Operator
Worked Off-
Farm
Percent
Farms Using
Pregnancy
Tests
7. Blackbelt
(AL. & MS.)
8. Tennessee
Brown Loam
9. Tennessee
Highland Rim &
Central
10. Appalachian
(TN. & VA.)
12. 'Virginia
Shenandoah Valley
13. Virginia Upper
Piedmont
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100- 249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
(No. )
129.7
266.2
33.6
76.9
111.8
31.9
41.6
24.8
21.3
30.4
27.9
26.1
15.4
26.1
35.4
57.0
21.4
20.9
32.2
60.9
53.9
62.9
24.0
53.3
71.0
39.6
66.0
33.1
58.9
(Mo/day) (Months) (l bs. )
4/01
5/16
2/22
3/19
3/28
2/28
2/16
4/25
2/28
3/01
2/16
2/04
4/13
2/19
3/10
3/07
3/07
4/07
3/16
2/25
4/04
3/01
2/13
2/28
3/19
2/10
1/01
3/22
3/13
7.2
7.7
6.2
7.4
7.2
7.5
6.2
7.6
7.0
7.4
7.1
7.8
6.8
7.2
7.6
6.8
8.3
7.1
7.6
7.7
7.2
7.2
7.3
7.5
7.8
6.3
9.0
6.6
7.4
402
392
400
418
406
444
395
475
489
450
435
400
441
429
441
375
435
449
438
450
431
446
420
442
454
302
450
410
428
(Months) (%
8.5
8.4
7.6
8.5
8.5
8.3
8.9
10.4
8.1
8.5
9.5
9.9
10.0
9.6
10.0
10.3
10.3
9.7
10.0
9.5
7.7
9.8
7.8
9.4
5.3
9.0
10.0-
9.1
5.8
6.3
11. 1
6.9
6.2
20.3
9.1
6.6
7.7
12.5
2.9
7.5
16.7
20.0
5.6
9.2
5.6
3.3
15.7
9.4
12.4
Subregion
Average
Number
Cows
Average
Calving
Date
Age
Weaned
Weight
Weaned
Age
Sol d
00
Table 11. Continued
Percent
Days Operator Average Average Farms Using
Worked Off- Number Calving Age Weight Age Pregnancy
Subregion Farm Cows Date Weaned Weaned Sold Tests
15. Bluegrass Area
(KY.)
16. Knobs, Eastern
Pennyroyal, W. Coal
Field Area (KY.)
17. Ohio River,
Pennyroyal Area (KY.)
18. Jackson
Purchase Area (KY.)
19. Mississippi
Brown Loam
20. Mississippi
Clay Hills
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
(Mo/day) (Months) (lbs.)(No.)
32.3
23.8
14.4
12.1
27.9
32.4
29.4
20.6
28.6
30.3
27.9
24.0
18.7
19.6
25.5
26.6
35.5
22.1
24.4
25.4
104.9
225.4
29.8
29.9
77.2
38.7
17.5
23.4
31.9
34.5
5/22
2/01
5/16
3/16
5/01
4/13
10/16
4/07
4/16
4/19
4/19
7/16
4/22
2/19
4/07
3/13
6/01
6/01
4/16
2/25
2/16
3/28
3/10
2/22
2/16
3/01
2/25
2/22
7.8
7.3
8.3
8.2
7.9
7.8
6.6
8.1
8.4
7.9
7.7
8.5
8.0
7.9
7.8
7.5
8.0
8.0
7.8
7.7
6.9
6.5
8.5
7.1
7.0
6.3
6.5
5.8
6.6
6.4
496
483
500
500
497
465
470
453
493
471
459
488
494
475
465
466
519
431
483
472
409
269
349
413
401
397
250
380
383
390
(Months) (%)
9.7
7.3
9.8
9.4
9.5
9.2
7.1
7.7
6.6
8.2
8.7
12.0
8.8
7.9
8.5
8.5
10.5
8.8
8.5
8.7
6.9
9.7
7.0
3.8
6.4
6.6
8.9
3.3
7.7
6.7
2.6
9.1
7.4
4.2
2.6
25.0
8.0
4.6
11.1
1.1
4.8
2.5
2.9
1.5
00
CAn
Table 11. Continued
Percent
Days Operator Average Average Farms Using
Worked Off- Number Calving Age Weight Age Pregnancy
Subregion Farm Cows Date Weaned Weaned Sold Tests
21. Delta (MS.,
AR. & LA.)
22. Upper Coastal,
South Central (AR. &
LA.)
23. Lower Coastal,
South Central (MS. &
LA.)
24. Southwest
Rice (LA.)
25. Alluvial
Mixed (LA.)
26. Arkansas
Riceland Prairies
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
(No.)
121.2
22.0
8.0
15.0
102.0
34.6
20.7
19.1
37.4
32.6
34.8
12.0
27.8
35.0
32.7
39.6
61.9
27.4
30.2
38.9
107.6
35.0
20.0
39.7
72.7
(Mo/day) (Months)
3/28
4/01
3/16
3/25
3/07
3/07
2/25
3/16
3/07
2/16
4/01
3/01
4/25
3/22
2/25
4/01
2/01
1/16
2/16
8/10
6/01
7/22
3/13
2/16
3/01
1/01
3/10
87.0
40.3
15.0
7.0
79.7
6.9
7.0
9.0
7.5
7.0
7.1
6.3
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
7.5
6.7
7.1
7.0
7.2
6.6
6.3
6.5
6.9
7.1
7.0
7.0
7.4
7.2
7.2
6.3
5.0
6.0
7.1
00
(lbs.)
384
375
400
367
391
414
383
416
412
411
384
400
452
463
430
386
310
343
375
375
432
400
300
404
415
436
407
350
300
428
(Months)
6.3
9.0
11.5
9.1
6.4
8.7
9.5
6.4
8.5
8.5
8.1
10.7
9.3
9.0
8.5
8.3
8.9
10.2
7.9
8.6
8.6
9.8
9.0
8.2
8.5
9.5
8.7
9.7
6.0
9.4
(%)
13.9
11.4
10.0
2.0
5.5
7.1
5.5
14.3
12.5
Table 11. Continued
Percent
Days Operator Average Average Farms Using
Worked Off- Number Calving Age Weight Age Pregnancy
Subregion Farm Cows Date Weaned Weaned Sold Tests
27. Ozark High-
land (AR. & OK.)
28. Central
Arkansas & South-
east Oklahoma
29. Northeast
Oklahoma
30. East Central
Oklahoma
32. Texas Blackland
Prairie
33. Middle Coastal
(GA.)
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
None
1-99
100-249
>249
All Beef Farms
(No.)
34.3
22.5
25.8
34.2
31.7
48.2
53.7
45.5
31.2
44.0
45.1
14.6
36.6
66.6
13.5
17.0
28.7
40.4
46.0
62.5
75.0
33.4
45.6
(Mo/day) 1 (Months) (lbs.)
3/22
1/22
3/01
4/10
3/19
3/25
1/22
3/10
2/25
3/04
3/22
7/01
5/19
5/07
7/16
4/01
3/13
4/22
6/18
1/01
5/16
5/01
5/19
4/01
7/01
5/13
34.6
10.0
8.6
49.8
30.8
7.2
6.9
6.4
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.9
6.7
7.1
7.0
6.9
7.0
6.9
7.2
7.7
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.6
6.0
10.0
7.0
7.5
6.6
9.0
6.5
7.9
6.8
442
464
410
460
448
429
437
432
428
431
488
473
484
422
419
408
445
431
428
375
475
418
425
444
500
450
509
451
(Months) (%)
8.7
9.7
6.0
8.0
8.3
8.4
8.7
7.8
9.2
8.6
8.0
8.0
8.0
9.6
10.0
2.8
9.5
9.1
7.5
6.0
10.0
7.7
7.5
6.1
11.0
11.0
3.8
6.0
10.8
4.9
3.8
5.6
3.7
3.5
15.2
11.0
25.0
6.2
5.4
6.7
1.5
4.7
1.8
1.3
00
-11
Table 11. Continued
Percent
Days Operator Average Average Farms Using
Worked Off- Number Calving Age Weight Age Pregnancy
Subregion Farm Cows Date Weaned Weaned Sold Tests
(No.) (Mo/day) (Months) (lbs.) 
(Months) (%)
34. East Texas None 58.6 2/20 7.3 448 7.3
Farming 1-99 150.0 6.0 400 
6.3
100-249 35.9 3/01 6.5 429 6.9
>249 28.0 6.4 455 6.9 1.6
All Beef Farms 43.6 2/25 6.8 446 7.1 -
35. South Texas None 54.3 3/21 7.7 
428 7.6 1.6
Plain 1-99 50.0 8.0 500 8.0
100-249 70.1 7.1 412 7.2
>249 29.3 4/21 7.4 434 8.3
All Beef Farms 45.2 4/06 7.6 433 7.8-
36. East Texas None 69.8 6/21 7.4 
400 7.0 2.7
Timber 1-99
100-249 30.2 6.9 400 7.0
>249 63.3 11/03 7.0 403 7.6 
1.3
All Beef Farms 61.8 10/09 7.1 402 
7.4 1.6
37. Texas Coast None 133.6 1/15 6.3 434 
6.5 4.3
Prairie 1-99
100-249
>249 3907.0 8.0 500 
8.0 100.0
All Beef Farms 161.4 1/15 6.3 434 
6.9 5.0
'A dash (-) means the percentage is less than 1%.
2
A blank indicates that no positive response was 
detected.
00
00