1111111
[wifH
11111
Entomology and Plant Pathology Departmental 
Series No. 3
April 2001
LS. Alabama 
Agricultural Experiment 
Station
Luther Waters, Director
Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
http://www.ag.auburn.edu/resinfo/publications/forageanldfield.htmi
we I I i I
I T Owl
This report is the result of a joint effort among the following:
Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station
Alabama Cooperative Extension System
Alabama A&M University
Auburn University
Table of Contents
Page
Acknowledgments
Introduction ........................................................................... 1
Reaction of Experimental Peanut Lines to Common Diseases..................................................... 3
Effect of Seeding Rate on the Incidence of TSWV in Peanut ....................................................... 5
Reaction of Commercial Peanut Lines to Several Fungal and Viral Diseases ............................. 6
Recommended Fungicide Regimes on Selected Peanut Cultivars for the Control
of Leaf Spot Diseases and Southern Stem Rot ....................................... .............................. 8
Performance of Recommended Fungicide Treatment Regimes
on Selected Cultivars of Peanut ..................................................... ......................................... 11
Effect of Placement on the Efficacy of Moncut 50W for the Control
of Southern Stem Rot and on the Yield of Peanut .................................................................. 14
Efficacy of Tank Mix Combinations of BAS 500 Against Foliar
and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ....................................................................... ................... 16
Effectiveness of Terraclor Against Soil-borne Diseases and of Echo 720
and Eminent 125SL Against Soil-borne and Foliar Diseases of Peanut ............... 18
Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut with
Fungicide Treatment Regimes that Include Stratego ......................... 20
Impact of In-furrow Applications of Abound 2SC on the Incidence
of Leaf Spot and Southern Stem Rot in Peanut .............. ............ ..................... 22
Comparison of Abound 2SC Spray Programs to Recommended Fungicides
for Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ..................................... 24
Comparison of Moncut 50W and Moncut 70WDG with Abound 2SC and Folicur 3.6F
for Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ............................................................ 26
Comparison of New and Experimental Fungicides for Control
of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut .............................................................................. 28
Efficacy of Fungicides as Foliar Spray for the Management
of Leaf Spot and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ......................................................................... 31
Efficacy of New Fungicides for the Control of Foliar and
Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ...................................................................................................... 3 3
Efficacy of Abound 2SC as a Foliar Spray for the Management
of Leaf Spot and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut ....................................................................
35
The information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race,
color, sex, or national origin.
Acknowledgments
The following agencies provided financial support for the 2000 peanut disease research program:
BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC
BAYER Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC
Gowan Corporation, Yuma, AZ
Griffin Corporation, Valdosta, GA
Novartis Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC
SipcamAgro USA, Roswell, GA
Zeneca Inc., Wilmington, DE
Wilbur-Ellis, Kansas City, KS
Peanut Disease Control Field Trials, 2000
A. K. Hagan, K. L. Bowen, H. L. Campbell, and M. E. Rivas-Davila'
Introduction
The variety of fungicides available for disease control on peanuts makes it difficult for growers to select the
most efficient treatment to use. In order to provide information on the effectiveness ofvarious 
fungicides, disease
trials were conducted by Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station personnel in 2000 on peanut in 
Alabama. This
report summarizes the results of these trials.
The disease trials were located at the Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, 
Headland, Alabama, and
the Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope, Alabama. These trials evaluated 
the efficacy of current
and new fungicides for controlling foliar and soil-borne diseases of peanut and their 
effect on crop production in
Alabama.
In the Wiregrass Region of Alabama, the 2000 growing season was the driest in a century. 
Only 6 inches of
rain were recorded at the Wiregrass Research and Extension Center (WREC) during the months of April, 
May,
June, July, and August (Figure 1). In addition, day temperatures in part of June and July often ranged 
between 95
Figure 1 .Daily precipitation (inches) April to November 2000.
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'Hagan and Bowen are Professors and Campbell and Rivas-Davila are Research Associates in the Auburn University 
Depart-
ment ofEntomology and Plant Pathology.
4F r 4 r v
04 9 040
2 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
and 100 Fo (Figure 2). Consequently, the yield of peanut, especially those grown without the benefit of irrigation,
was extremely low. As indicated by SMK values between 50 and 60, crop quality was also quite poor.
Rainfall patterns at the Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center (GCREC) were more conducive to
growing peanuts. However, a late August-September drought also limited peanut yield.
As was observed in 1999, the development of leaf spot diseases was limited by dry weather patterns at both
test locations. Also, peanut rust was not observed at either location. The development of southern stem rot in some
trials, especially at the WREC, may have been limited by drought conditions. Rhizoctonia limb rot did not cause
significant damnage in trials at either location.
Figure 2. Daily minimum and maximum temperature (OF), April to November 2000.
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Reaction of Experimental Peanut Lines to Common Diseases
Objective: To assess the susceptibility of peanut cultivars to leaf spot diseases, TSVW, and southern stem rot.
Target diseases include early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii), and TSWV (Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan fine sandy loam (OM < 1%)
Cultivars: NC 7, Florunner, VT 940419 P, UF 98326, UF 97102, UF 98511, GA 942511, GA 952540, GA 952533,
TP 301-1-8, TP296-4-4
Planting:
Date: May 3, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with four replications. Plot size was two 20-
foot (6.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Six seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-corn-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Pursuit 70DG 1.44 ounces per acre.
Fungicides: Bravo Ultrex 1.4 pounds per acre (June 28 and July 13).
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pint per acre (July 26, August 10, August 24, and September 8).
Insecticides: Temik 15G 6.7 pounds in-furrow at planting. Lorsban 15G 13.3 pounds per acre (June 6).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: As needed with a side-roll system.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as full canopy spray at a spray volume of 15 gallons per
acre on the dates indicated above.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 7 (early maturity [E]), Septem-
ber 13 (intermediate [M]), and September 27 (late maturity [L]) using the Florida leaf spot scoring system. 
Counts
of TSVW severity was assessed by determining the number of disease loci (one locus was defined 
as <1 foot of
consecutive symptoms plants per row) and southern stem rot (SSR) loci (one locus was defined 
as <1 ft of
consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease) were made on the same days as early and late leaf spot.
Harvest: Plants were dug on September 7 (E), September 13 (M), and September 
28 (L) and harvested with a
combine two to three days later. Yields were reported at 7 % moisture.
Summary: Unusually low rainfall totals for May, June, July, and August suppressed the development of early and
late leaf spot, especially on the early maturing (E) cultivars but the dry weather in May 
probably contributed to the
unusually high incidence of TSWV.
Significant differences in the level of TSWV, leaf spot diseases, SSR, 
and pod yields were seen between
the commercial standards (NC-7 and Florunner) and the experimental peanut lines. The lowest 
incidence of
TSWV was seen on UF 97102, UF 98511, GA 942540, and GA 962533, while the highest 
virus ratings were
recorded for the susceptible standards Florunner and NC-7. TSWV ratings for TP 301-1-8, TP 
296-4-4, and VT
940419P did not differ significantly from those noted for the two commercial standards. Above 
average rainfall in
late September did increase the level of leaf spot disease, particularly late leaf spot, on the late-maturing 
(L) peanut
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 3
4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
lines but appeared to have no impact on the severity of 
SSR. On the majority ofthe early and intermediate maturity
lines, light to moderate spotting ofthe leaves along 
with little or no premature leaf shed was seen. SSR loci 
counts
for the runner-type experimental lines UF 98326, UF 97102, UF 
98511, GA 962533, TP 301-1-8, and TP 296-4-4
were statistically similar to the counts recorded for the runner standard 
Florunner. However, SSR incidence on GA
942511 and GA 962533 was significantly lower than damage levels 
seen on Florunner. Similar SSR loci counts
were noted on the Virginia standard NC-7 and the lone Virginia-type 
entry VT 940419P.
With the exception of GA 942511, yields increased as the incidence ofTSWV 
declined. Florunner yielded
significantly less than all of the runner-type experimental lines except TP 301-1-8 
and TP 296-4-4. Yields of the
Virginia-type commercial standard and the one experimental line were 
similar.
REACTION OF PEANUT CULTIVARS TO FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES 
OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Leaf Spot TSWV Southern Stem Yield
Cultivar (Maturity ') Rating 2 Rating 
3  
Rot Rating
4  
(lbs/ac)
NC 7 (E) 3.3 EF s 30.8 A 3.3 EF 3911 B-D
Florunner (M) 3.5 D-F 32.3 A 11 A-C 
2741 EF
VT 940419 P (E) 3.0 EF 26.8 AB 2.8 EF 3630 CD
UF 98326 (L) 5.5 AB 20.3 B-D 8.0 B-D 4320 AB
UF 97102 (M) 4.8 BC 19.3 CD 7.0 C-F 4320 AB
UF 98511 (M) 4.0 C-E 16.5 D 11.8 AB 4066 BC
GA 942511 (L) 4.0 C-E 22.8 B-D 6.0 D-F 4465 AB
GA 952540 (L) 6.0 A 18.0 D 2.5 F 
3303
GA 952533 (M) 4.5 B-D 18.3 D 7.3 B-E 4982 
A
TP 301-1-8 (M) 2.5 F 27.0 AB 13.5 A 2468 F
TP296-4-4 (M) 2.8 F 25.8 A-C 10.8 A-C 2677 
EF
LSD (0.05) 1.05 7.2 4.6 
675
'Peanut maturity group: E = early maturing, M = intermediate, and L = late maturing cultivar.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 7 (E), September 13 (M), and September 27 (L), based on 
the
Florida leaf spot scoring system (1 = no disease, 2 = very few lesions in lower canopy, 3 = few lesions in lower 
and
upper canopy, 4 = some lesions with slight defoliation, 5 = lesions noticeable in upper canopy 
with some defoliation,
6 = lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7 = lesion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8 = very numerous
lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 9= very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 
10
= plants dead).
3
Number of TSWV loci per 40 feet of row.
4
Number of southern stem loci per 40 feet of row.
5
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
Effect of Seeding Rate on the Incidence 
of TSWV in Peanut
Objective: To study the effect of seeding rate of the peanut cultivars Florunner and 
Georgia Green to TSVW.
Target disease was TSWV (Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan fine sandy loam (OM < 1%)
Cultivars: Florunner and Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 3, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with four 
replications. Plot size was two 20-
foot (6.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: See table.
Crop History: Peanut-corn/cotton-peanut.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Pursuit 70DG 1.44 
ounces per acre.
Fungicides: Bravo Ultrex 1.4 pounds per acre (June 28 and July 13).
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pint per acre (July 26, August 10, August 
24, and September 8).
Insecticides: Temik 15G 6.7 pounds in-furrow at planting. Lorsban 15G 
13.3 pounds per acre (June 6).
Nematicides: Temik 15G 6.7 pounds banded over row middle at 
planting.
Irrigation Applied: As needed.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as 
full canopy spray at the volume of 15 gallons per acre
on the dates indicated above.
Disease Assessment: Counts of TSVW severity were 
assessed by determining the number of disease loci (one
locus was defined as <1 foot of consecutive symptoms plants per 
row) on September 7.
Harvest: Plots were dug on September 13 and picked with a combine 
on September 16. Yields were reported
at 7 % moisture.
Summary: For Florunner peanut, seeding rate had no significant 
impact on the incidence ofTSWV, and yields
across the three seeding rates were similar. Surprisingly, TSWV 
levels in Georgia Green were higher at the
four-seed per foot rate than at the higher or lower seeding rates. As was the 
case with the Florunner peanut,
yield of Georgia Green was similar across all seeding rates. Overall, the incidence 
of TSWV was significantly
lower in Georgia Green than in Florunner. Although the differences 
were not always significant, Georgia Green
substantially outyielded Florunner.
EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE OF THE PEANUT 
CULTIVARS FLORUNNER AND GEORGIA GREEN
ON TSVW INCIDENCE AND YIELD,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Cultivar Seeding TSWV Yield 
Cultivar Seeding TSWV Yield
Rate Rating' lbs/ac 
Rate Rating lbs/ac
Florunner 6 seed/ft 30.8 A 2 3557 C 
Georgia Green 6 seed/ft 12.3 C 4882 A
Florunner 4 seed/ft 26.8 A 3666 BC 
Georgia Green 4 seed/ft 19.0 B 4683 
A
Florunner 3 seed/ft 27.3 A 3766 BC 
Georgia Green 3 seed/ft 11.0 C 4547 A-C
LSD (0.05) - -
5.7 1029
1
TSWV was assessed on September 7 as the number of TSWV 
loci per 40 feet of row.
2
Mean separation within columns was according to 
Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) 
test.
5
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
Reaction of Commercial Peanut Lines to Several
Fungal and Viral Diseases
Objective: To assess the susceptibility of peanut cultivars to leaf spot diseases, southern stem rot and TSVW.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii), and TSWV (Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan fine sandy loam (OM < 1%)
Cultivars: Agratech 1-1, AgraTech 201, AgraTech VC-2, Andru 93, C-99 R, Florida 98, Florunner, GA Bold,
GA Green, GA Hi Oil, GK7 High Oil, Gregory, NC7, NC-VII, NC 12C, Southern Runner, SunOleic 97 R, VA
93 B, VA 98 R, VA-C 92 R, and Virugard
Planting:
Date: May 3, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with four replications. Plot size was two 20-
foot (6.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Six seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-Cotton-Peanut.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Pursuit 70DG 1.44 ounces per acre.
Fungicides: Bravo Ultrex 1.4 pounds per acre (June 28 and July 13).
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pint per acre (July 26, August 10, August 24, and September 8).
Insecticides: Temik 15G 6.7 pounds in-furrow at planting and Lorsban 15G 13.3 pounds per acre (June 6).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: As needed with side-roll system.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as full canopy spray at a spray volume of 15 gallons per
acre on the dates indicated above.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 3 (early maturity [E]),
September 7 (intermediate [M]), and September 26 (late maturity [L]) using the Florida leaf spot scoring
system. Counts of TSVW severity was assessed by detennrmining the number of disease loci (one locus was defined as
<1 foot of consecutive symptoms plants) and southern stem rot (SSR) loci (one locus was defined as <1 foot of
consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease) were made on the same 
days as early and late leaf spot.
Harvest: Plants were dug on September 5 (E), September 12 (M), and September 28 (L) and harvested on
September 11 (E), September 14 and 18 (M), and October 2 (L). Yields were reported at 7 % moisture.
Summary: Unusually low rainfall totals for May, June, July, and August helped suppress the development of
early and late leaf spot, especially on the early maturing (E) cultivars, but the dry weather in May probably
contributed to the severity of TSWV. Above average rainfall in late September did increase the level of leaf
spot diseases, particularly late leaf spot, but not SSR on the late-maturing peanuts.
Significant differences in the level of TSWV, severity of leaf spot diseases and SSR, and pod yields
were noted among the 21 peanut cultivars. The most extensive and intensive TSWV symptom development
was seen in the runner type-peanuts Andru 93, Georgia Bold, and SunOleic 97R. Runner-type cultivars, which
had the lowest TSWV infection levels, included Virugard, Georgia High Oil, C-99R, and Gregory. No
significant differences in TSWV intensity were noted among the Virginia-type peanuts. Among the runner-type
peanuts, the late maturing C-99R, FL MDR 98, and Southern Runner had among the highest leaf spot ratings,
while the earlier maturing Andru 93 and SunOleic 97R suffered the least leaf spot damage. Of the Virginia-
6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT 
STATION
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 7
type peanut lines, NC-VII and VA-C 92R had the lowest leaf 
spot ratings. As indicated by leaf spot ratings of
4.5, NC 12C and AgraTech VC-2 suffered from moderate 
leaf spotting in the lower and mid-canopy as well as
light defoliation. Of the runner peanuts, the least 
SSR damage was noted on runner-type cultivars Virugard,
AgraTech 1-1, and Georgia High Oil and Virginia lines VA 
93B, NC-7, and NC 12C. Overall, the heaviest SSR
damage was seen on the runner-type peanuts Florunner and 
AgraTech 201.
The best yielding runner-type peanuts included Virugard, AgraTech 
1-1, Gregory, Georgia Hi Oil,
Georgia Green, and C-99R. Yields of several of the Virginia-type 
peanuts such as NC-VII, VA-C 92R,
AgraTech VC-2 did not significantly differ from that of the top yielding 
runner peanut, Virugard. As has been
seen in previous years, the most TSWV-susceptible runner-type cultivars, such as Florunner 
and SunOleic 97R,
have among the lowest pod yields, while many of the highest yielding lines, such as 
Virugard, Georgia Hi Oil,
and C-99R, are partially resistant to this disease.
EFFECT ON COMMERCIAL PEANUT LINES TO LEAF SOar DISEASES, SouTHERN STEM Ror, AND TSWV
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 1999
Leaf Spot Southern Stem Yield
Cultivar (Maturity
1
) Peanut Type
2  
Rating
3  
Rot Ratings
4  
TSWV
5  
lbs/ac
AgraTech 1-1 (E) R 3.5 B-F 6 1.5 F-H 24.0 C-F 4565A-C
AgraTech 201 (M) R 4.3 A-C 9.5 AB 21.3 E-G 3875 C-G
AgraTech VC-2 (E) V 4.5 AB 2.8 E-H 24.5 C-F 4175 B-F
Andru 93(E) R 3.0 D-F 3.3 D-H 35.7 A 3594 FG
C-99 R (L) R 5.3 A 4.5 C-G 14.8 GH 4447 A-E
Florida 98 (L) R 4.5 AB 2.3 F-H 25.8 B-F 4075 B-F
Flourunner (M) R 3.8 B-E 13.3 A 28.3 B-D 2523 H
Georgia Bold (M) R 3.5 B-F 4.5 C-G 31.5 AB 3911 C-G
Georgia Green (M) R 4.0 B-D 6.5 B-E 21.0 E-G 4538 A-D
GA Hi Oil (M) R 3.3 C-F 1.5 F-H 12.0 H 4783 AB
GK7 High Oil (M) R 3.5 B-F 7.3 B-D 23.3 D-F 3312 G
Gregory (M) R 3.5 B-F 4.5 C-G 15.5 GH 
4737 AB
NC 7 (E) V 3.8 B-E 1.5 F-H 27.5 B-E 3920 C-G
NC-VII (M) V 2.8 EF 5.3 C-F 23.5 D-F 4420 
A-E
NC 12C (M) V 4.5 AB 1.7 F-H 23.5 D-F 3721 E-G
Southern Runner (L) R 4.3 A-C 4.8 C-G 20:3 FG 3866 C-G
SunOleic 97R (M) R 2.5 F 8.3 BC 30.3 A-C 3194 GH
VA 93B (E) V 3.8 B-E 0.3 G 23.3 D-F 3920 C-G
VA 98R (M) V 3.5 B-F 7.3 B-D 23.3 D-F 3802 D-G
VA-C92R (E) V 2.8 EF 2.8 E-H 24.0 C-F 4483 A-D
ViruGard (E) R 4.5 AB 0.8 GH 13.5 H 5037 A
LSD (0.05) 1.0 4.0 3.9 759
'Peanut maturity group: E = early maturing, M = intermediate, and L = late maturing cultivar.
2
Peanut type: R = runner-type and V = Virginia type peanut cultivar.
3
Early and late leaf spot was assessed based on the Florida leaf spot scoring system (1 = no 
disease, 2 = very few
lesions in lower canopy, 3 = few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4 = some lesions with slight 
defoliation, 5 = lesions
noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6 = lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 
7 = lesion
numerous with heavy defoliation, 8 = very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with 
very heavy defoliation, 9
= very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10 = plants dead).
4
Southern stem rot loci per 40 feet row.
5
Number of TSWV loci per 40 feet of row.
6
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference 
(LSD) test.
Recommended Fungicide Regimes on Selected Peanut Cultivars
for the Control of Leaf Spot Diseases and Southern Stem Rot
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of recommended fungicide programs for the control of leaf spot
diseases and southern stem rot on selected cultivars of peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope, AL
Soil Type: Malbis sandy loam soil (OM<1%)
Cultivars: Georgia Green, ViruGard, and Southern Runner
Planting:
Date: April 26, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design consisting of six replications with peanut
cultivar as the whole plot and fungicide treatments as the split plot. Individual fungicide split plots
consisted of four 30-foot (9.1 m) rows spaced 38 inches (0.97 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five to six seed per row foot.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant incorporated: Prowl 2 pints + Dual Magnum 1.5 pints per acre (April 26).
Basagran 2 pints + Penatrator 1 pint per acre (May 25).
Classic 0.5 ounces per acre + Activate 1 pint per 50 gallons of water (July 5)
Fungicides: See tables.
Insecticides: Temik 5-6 pounds per acre in-furrow (April 26).
Lorsban 15G 13 pounds per acre banded over row (June 13).
Karate 3 ounces per acre (September 20).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: None.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied at a spray volume of 20 gallons per acre with a four-
row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX-8 cone nozzles mounted on 18-inch centers. Sprays were made on
June 2, June 14, June 28, July 12, July 26, August 8, and August 22.
Disease Assessment: On September 18, early and late leaf spot were rated using the Florida peanut leaf spot
scoxing systbn . O0n SepnEmber 18, counts of southem stam t SSR) bci one bcus w as defned as< 1 ft of
consecutive stem rot) were recorded.
Harvest: Plants were dug October 10 and harvested on October 13. Yields were reported at 7% moisture.
Summary: With the exception of the month of September, monthly rainfall totals were unusually low throughout
the growing season. Consequently, overall disease pressure was low and the crop often 
suffered from the
effects of drought-related stress.
The extended drought greatly suppressed the onset and spread of early and late leaf 
spot. As indicated
by disease ratings of 2.5 or below, only a handful of spots were noted on the foliage 
of the three cultivars
screened (Table 1). No differences in the level of leaf spot diseases was noted between Georgia 
Green,
Southern Runner, and ViruGard. In addition, the leaf spot ratings recorded for the six recommended 
fungicide
programs on each of the above peanut cultivars were quite similar (Table 1).
Southern stem rot (SSR) levels were also low. On Southern Runner and ViruGard, 
SSR hit counts
recorded for the six recommended fungicide programs did not significantly differ (Table 
2). Only on Georgia
8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 9
Green, where the Abound 1.2 pints per acre program reduced disease levels below that of Bravo Ultrex alone
and Bravo Ultrex/Moncut, were significant differences in disease control noted between the recommended
fungicide programs. SSR levels on Georgia Green, Southern Runner, and ViruGard were similar across the six
recommended fungicide programs.
As expected, few significant differences in yield among the recommended fungicide programs were
seen on the three peanut cultivars. On Georgia Green, yields in the plots treated with the 1.2 pints per acre rate
of Abound 2SC were higher than those obtained with the season-long Bravo Ultrex program (Table 3). On
Southern Runner and ViruGard, the 1.6 pints per acre rate of Abound 2SC outyielded all of the other fungicide
programs. Across all treatments, the yield of Georgia Green and ViruGard were significantly higher than those
recorded for Southern Runner.
Across all cultivars, no significant differences in leaf spot control were seen between the recom-
mended fungicide programs (Table 1). Although SSR pressure was low, the 1.2 pints per acre rate of Abound
2SC, gave better control of this disease than did the Bravo Ultrex/Moncut 50W program (Table 2). However,
similar SSR damage levels were recorded for the standard Bravo Ultrex, Folicur 3.6F, the high rate of Abound
2SC, Montero, and Moncut 50W programs. Significant yield gains were obtained only with the program that
included applications of the high rate of Abound 2SC (Table 3).
TABLE 1. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON LEAF SPOT DISEASES
1
,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing
2  
Georgia Green SouthernRunner Viruguard 
Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 1.8 A 1.8 A 1.8 A 1.8 A
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3-6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 1.3 A 1.5 A 1.5 A 1.4 A
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 1.5 A 2.5 A 1.5 A 1.8 A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 1.8 A 2.0 A 1.3 A 1.7 A
Abound 2SC 1.2 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,3,5,6,7 1.8 A 2.3 A 2.0 A 2.0 A
Montero see label 2,4
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 1.5 A 2.0 A 1.8 A 1.8 A
Abound 2SC 1.6 pt 3,5
LSD (0.05) 1.1 1.3 0.9 0.6
Mean 1.6 2.0 1.6
' Early and late leaf spot was rated using the Florida peanut leaf spot scoring system (1=no disease, 2=very few
lesions on leaves in the lower canopy, 3=few lesions on leaves in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions in lower
and upper canopy with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions
numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesions numerous with heavy defoliation, 8=numerous lesions on few
remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 9=very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, and 10-plants
dead).
2 Spray timing was as follows: l=June 2, 2=June 14, 3=June 28, 4=July 12, 5=July 26, 6=August 8, 7=August 22.
3
Means within each column are separated by the least significant difference (LSD) test.
TABLE 2. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON SOUTHERN STEM ROT,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing
2  
GeorgiaGreen Southern Runner Viruguard Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 2.7 AB 3 2.8 A 2.5 A 2.7 AB
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3-6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 4.8 A 4.0 A 3.8 A 4.2 A
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 4.7 A 3.3 A 4.0 A 4.0 A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 2.3 B 2.2 A 2.3 A 2.3 B
Abound 2SC 
1.2 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,3,5,6,7 3.7 AB 3.3 A 2.7 A 3.2 AB
Montero 
see label 2,4
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 3.8 AB 2.2 A 3.7 A 3.2 AB
Abound 2SC 
1.6 pt 3,5
LSD (0.05) 2.2 2.4 2.4 1.6
Mean 3.7 3.0 3.2
Southern stem rot counts were recorded as the number of loci per 60 ft of row.
Spray timing was as follows: l=June 2, 2=June 14, 3=June 28, 4=July 12, 5=July 26, 6=August 8, 7=August 22.
3 Means within each column are separated by the least significant difference (LSD) 
test.
TABLE 3. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON YIELD
1
,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing
2  
GeorgiaGreen SouthernRunner Viruguard Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 1,2,7 3468 AB
3  
2841 B 3447 AB 3252 AB
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3-6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 1-7 3322 AB 2692 B 3301 AB 3105 AB
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 2986 B 2682 B 3026 B 2898 B
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 3619 A 2902 B 3450 AB 3324 AB
Abound 2SC 1.2 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,3,5,6,7 3460 AB 2638 B 3248 AB 3115 AB
Montero see label 2,4
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 3443 AB 3307 A 3603 A 3451 A
Abound 2SC 1.6 pt 3,5
LSD (0.05) 501 347 437 409
Mean 3383 2844 3346
Yield is reported in pounds per acre.
2Spray timing was as follows: 1=June 2, 2=June 14, 3=June 28, 4=July 12, 5=July 26, 6=August 8, 7=August 22.
3
Means within each column are separated by the least significant difference (LSD) test.
10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Performance of Recommended Fungicide Treatment Regimes
on Selected Cultivars of Peanut at the WGREC
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of recommended fungicide programs for the control of leaf spot
diseases and southern stem rot on selected cultivars of peanut.
Target diseases include early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot, (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan fine sandy loam (OM< 1%)
Cultivars: Georgia Green, ViruGard, and Southern Runner
Planting:
Date: May 18, 2000
Experimental Design: A split-plot design with peanut cultivars as the whole plot and fungicide treatment
regimes as the subplot was used. The whole plots were randomized within six complete blocks.
Individual subplots, which consisted of four 30-foot (9.1 m) rows, spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart, were
also randomized within each whole plot.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five to six seeds per foot of row.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre incorporated (April 18).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 22).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds in-furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds banded over center of seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Pivot irrigation system. Approximately 1 inch on May 13, May 19, June 7, June 15,
June 28, July 22, August 12, August 18, and August 29.
Application of Treatments: Treatments were broadcast as a full canopy spray using 
a tractor-mounted boom
sprayer with TX-8 nozzles located on 18-inch centers in a spray volume of approximately 15 gallons per acre.
Applications were made on June 27, July 11, July 25, August 8, August 22, and September 5.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were rated on September 28 on ViruGard, October 12 on
Georgia Green, and on October 26 on Southern Runner using the Florida peanut leaf spot scoring system.
Counts of southern stem rot (SSR) loci (one locus was defined as < 1-ft of consecutive stem rot damaged
plant(s) in a row) were made immediately after plot inversion on October 3 on ViruGard, October 12 on
Georgia Green, and October 26 on Southern Runner.
Harvest: Plants were dug on October 3 (ViruGard), October 12 (Georgia Green), and October 
26 (Southern
Runner). Two to three days later, the windrows were picked with a combine.
Summary: Due to nearly summer-long drought conditions, leaf spot pressure on Georgia 
Green, Southern
Runner and ViruGard was very low. On the early maturing cultivar ViruGard, no differences in leaf spot ratings
were noted across the six fungicide programs (Table 1). On the other hand, significant differences in the level
of leaf spot control provided by the six fungicide programs were seen on Georgia Green and Southern Runner.
Although the leaf spot ratings for the Bravo/Moncut program were higher than those recorded for the two
Bravo Ultrex/Abound and the Bravo Ultrex/Montero programs, damage was limited to moderate leaf spotting
in the lower and upper canopy. For Southern Runner, the low rate of Bravo Utrex/Abound and the Bravo
Ultrex/Montero programs gave better control of leaf spot diseases than the Bravo Utrex program.
11PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
Significant differences in the level of southern stem rot damage were observed among the six fungicide
programs on all three peanut cultivars. The highest damage on all three cultivars was seen on the peanuts treated
with Bravo Ultrex alone (Table 2). On Georgia Green and Southern Runner, the Bravo Ultrex/Moncut program
failed to significantly reduce the incidence of southern stem rot when compared with the Bravo Ultrex standard.
Disease incidence on the Bravo Ultrex/Folicur 3.6F-treated peanuts was significantly lower than that on for the
Bravo Ultrex standard on Southern Runner and ViruGard. Both of the Bravo Ultrex/Abound programs, as well as
the Bravo Ultrex/Montero program, significantly reduced southern stem rot incidence across all three cultivars.
Although significant reductions in southern stem rot damage on ViruGard were obtained with the
programs that included Abound 2SC, Folicur 3.6F, and Montero, yields were similar across all fungicide
programs (Table 3). On Georgia Green, both Abound 2SC programs yielded significantly higher than the
Bravo Ultrex/Folicur 3.6F. When compared with the Bravo Ultrex standard, significant yield gains for the
Southern Runner peanut were obtained only with the Bravo/Abound 2SC program.
TABLE 1. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON LEAF SPOT DISEASES
1
,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing
2  
GeorgiaGreen SouthernRunner Viruguard Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2 2.6 
B  
3.2 A-C 2.8 A 2.9 BC
Folicur 3.6F 
0.45 pt 3,4,5,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 3.6 A 3.8 AB 3.2 A 3.5 A
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 3.0 AB 4.0 A 3.0 A 3.4 AB
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 2.2 B 2.5 C 
3.0 A 2.6 C
Abound 2SC 1.2 pt 
3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 2.6 B 2.8 BC 3.0 A 2.8 C
Montero see label 
3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 2.6 B 3.0 A-C 3.2 A 2.9 BC
Abound 2SC 1.6 pt 
3,5
LSD (0.05) 0.9 1 0.9 
0.5
Mean 2.8 3.2 3
'Early and late leaf spot was rated using the Florida peanut leaf spot scoring system (1 = no disease, 2 = very few
lesions in the lower canopy, 3 = few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4 = some lesions in lower and upper canopy
plus slight defoliation, 5 = lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation (.25%), 6 = lesions numerous
with significant defoliation (<50%), 7 = lesions numerous with heavy defoliation (<75%), 8 = numerous lesions on the
few remaining leaves, 9 = very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, and 10 = plants dead).
2
Spray timing was as follows: 1= June 27, 2 
= July 11, 3 = July 25, 4 = August 8, 5 = August 
22, 6 =September 5.
3
Mean separation within columns was according 
to Fisher's protected least significant difference 
(LSD) test.
12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL 
EXPERIMENT STATION
TABLE 2. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON SOUTHERN STEM ROT
1
,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing
2  
Georgia Green SouthernRunner Viruguard Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2 7.0 AB 3 8.5 BC 4.7 B 6.7 BC
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3,4,5,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 9.7 A 11.8 AB 3.3 B 8.3 B
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 12.0 A 14.7 A 10.5A 12.4 A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 2.8 B 4.0 C 3.2 B 3.3 D
Abound 2SC 1.2 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 3.7 B 5.3 C 3.0 B 4.0 D
Montero see label 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 3.8 B 7 BC 2.5 B 4.4 CD
Abound 2SC 1.6 pt 3,5
LSD (0.05) 5.5 5 2.7 2.5
Mean 6.5 8.6 4.5
'Southern stem rot counts were expressed as the number of diseased loci per 60 ft of row.
2
Spray timing was as follows: 1 = June 27, 2 = July 11, 3 = July 25, 4 = August 8, 5 = 
August 22, 6 = September 5.
3
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected 
least significant difference (LSD) test.
TABLE 3. EFFECT OF RECOMMENDED FUNGICIDE REGIMES ON YIELD
1
,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 1999
Rate Spray Peanut Cultivar
Fungicide Program Per Acre Timing2 
GeorgiaGreen SouthernRunner Viruguard 
Mean
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2 3436 C
3  
3993B 4292 A 3907 C
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 
3,4,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 3485 BC 4058 B 4368 A 3970 BC
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1 to 6 3524 A-C 4025 B 4227 A 3949 BC
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 4154 A 4679 A 4509 A 4447 A
Abound 2SC 1.2 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 3840 A-C 4203 AB 4453 A 4165 A-C
Montero see label 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6 4082 AB 4574 AB 4534 A 4396 AB
Abound 2SC 1.6 pt 3,5
LSD (0.05) 632 593 423 456
Mean 3760 4255 4397
'Yield was measured in pounds per acre.
2
Spray timing was as follows: 1 = June 27, 2 = July 11, 3 = July 25, 4 = August 8, 5 = August 22, 6 =September 5.
3
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
13
Effect of Placement on the Efficacy of Moncut 50W for the
Control of Southern Stem Rot and on the Yield of Peanut
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of banded and broadcast applications of Moncut 50W fungicide for the
control of peanut diseases.
Target diseases include early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan fine sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 18, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Individual plots
consisted of four 30-foot (9.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Six seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre incorporated (April 18).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 22).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds in-furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds banded over center of seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Center-pivot irrigation system. Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 13,
May 19, June 7, June 15, June 28, July 22, August 12, August 18, and August 29.
Application of Treatments: Broadcast applications were made at a spray volume of 12 gallons per acre
using a tractor-mounted sprayer with TX-8 nozzles spaced at 18-inch intervals along the four-row boom. Using
a twin roller pump, Moncut 50W was applied at the rate of 2 pounds per treated acre on a 12-inch band at a
spray volume of 12 gallons per treated acre with a single TX-8 nozzle located directly over the row center.
Simultaneously, Bravo Ultrex at 1.4 pounds per acre was broadcast over the peanut canopy at a spray volume
of 12 gallons per acre using the equipment described above. A narrow band application ofMoncut 50W was
made with two TX-8 nozzles mounted on a T fitting attached to a drop tube, which was set to drag through the
upper peanut canopy and deliver the fungicide directly to the root collar and surrounding area. Spray dates were
June 27, July 11, July 25, August 8, August 22, and September 5. Again, Bravo Ultrex at 1.4 pounds per acre
was broadcast simultaneously over the peanut canopy.
Disease Assessment: On October 12, early and late leaf spot were rated using the Florida peanut leaf spot
scoring system. On October 12, counts of southern stem rot (SSR) loci (one locus was defined as 1 foot of
consecutive stem rot damaged plant(s) in a row) were made immediately after plot inversion.
Harvest: Plants were dug on October 12. Two to three days later, the windrows of dried peanut vines were
combined.
Summary: The leaf spot ratings for all of the banded and broadcast treatment regimes were statistically similar.
Due to the extended drought, symptoms were limited to light spotting of the leaves in the lower and to some
extent upper canopy. No premature leaf shed was observed.
A significant difference in the incidence of SSR was noted among the fungicide regimes. The least
SSR damage was seen in the plots treated with Folicur 3.6F. When compared with the Bravo Ultrex 
standard,
14
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
the broadcast and narrow band/drop nozzle treatments of Moncut 50W suffered significantly 
less SSR-damage.
However, neither of the above Moncut 50W treatments was as effective in controlling 
SSR as Folicur 3.6F.
Yields were significantly higher in the plots treated with Bravo Ultrex/Moncut 50W and Bravo Ultrex/
Folicur 3.6F than for those receiving Bravo Ultrex alone. Of the Moncut 50W treatments, only the banded
program yielded significantly less than the recommended Bravo Ultrex/Folicur 3.6F program.
EFFECT OF PLACEMENT ON THE EFFICACY OF MONCUT 50W FOR THE CONTROL OF LEAF SPOT
AND SOUTHERN STEM ROT AND ON THE YIELD OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Spray Southern Yield
Treatment Per Acre Timing' Placement Leaf Spot 2 Stem Rot
3  
lbs/ac
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-6 Broadcast 2.3 A 4 12.5 A 3614 C
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2 Broadcast 2.0 A 3.0 C 4413 A
Folicur 3.5F 7.2 fl oz 3, 4, 5, 6 Broadcast
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-6 Broadcast 2.7 A 9.7 AB 4001 B
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3 Band
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-6 Broadcast 2.7 A 6.7 B 4283 AB
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3 Narrow Band/
Drop Nozzles
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-6 Broadcast 2.2 A 7.2 B 4461 A
Moncut 50W 2.0 lb 3 Broadcast
LSD (0.05) 0.7 3.4 371
'Spray timing was as follows: 1= June 27,2= July 11, 3= July 25,4= August 8,5= August 22,6= September 5.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on October 12, based on the Florida leaf spot scoring system (1= no disease,
2= very few lesions in lower canopy, 3= few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4= some lesions with slight defolia-
tion, 5= lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6= lesions numerous with significant defoliation,
7= lesion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8= very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy
defoliation, 9= very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10= plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed as the 
number of disease loci per 60 ft of row.
4Mean separation within columns was according to 
Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) 
test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
15
Efficacy of Tank Mix Combinations of BAS 500 Against Foliar and
Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of candidate and competitive fungicides applied under a 14-day spray
schedule for the control of foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases include early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 19, 200Temik 15G 0
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot size was six 30-
foot (9.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre incorporated (April 18).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 22).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds in-furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds banded over center of seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 0.75 inch of water was applied on May 13, May 19, and 1 inch on
June 7, June 15, June 28, July 22, August 12, August 18, and August 29.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume of 15
gallons per acre using a six-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Applications were made at
two-week intervals beginning June 19 and continuing through September 11.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 18 and 26 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot (SSR) loci were made on October 3 immediately after
plot inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 5 and 13. Yields were reported at 10.4% moisture.
Summary: With one exception, the BAS 500 programs gave the same level of leaf spot control as the Bravo
720 6F, Abound 2SC, and Folicur 3.6F standards. Typically, damage on peanuts treated with BAS 500, Abound
2SC, Folicur 3.6F, and Bravo 720 6F was limited to spotting ofthe lower and middle canopy. Surprisingly, leaf
spot levels were significantly lower on the peanuts treated with Bravo 720 alone than with Bravo 720 +
Moncut 50W.
Few differences in SSR control were noted among the treatments evaluated. When compared with
Bravo 720 at 138 DAP, significant reductions in SSR damage were obtained with programs that included four
applications of BAS 500 at the 0.95 pint per acre rate, two applications of both BAS 500 at the 0.58 pint per
acre rate and Folicur 3.6F at the 0.45 pint per acre rate, and Abound 2SC at the 1.15 pints per acre rate. At
148 DAP, SSR hit counts were significantly higher in the Bravo 720-treated plots than in those treated with
BAS 500, Folicur 3.6F, Abound 2SC, Moncut 50W, and combinations of two ofthe above fungicides. At both
rating dates, Rhizoctonia limb rot damage levels were low.
16 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
At the first digging date, programs that included four applications of BAS 500 at 0.76 and 0.95 pint per
acre as well as two applications of both BAS 500 at 0.58 pint per acre and Folicur 3.6F at 0.45 pint per acre
significantly increased yields above those reported for Bravo 720 alone. Significant yield gains were also
obtained at the first digging date with the Bravo 720/Folicur 3.6F and Bravo 720/Moncut 50W programs. By
the second digging date, the yield in the Bravo 720-treated plots was significantly below those recordedin the
plots treated with BAS 500, Folicur 3.6F, Moncut 50WP, and Abound 2SC.
EFFECT OF TANK MIX COMBINATIONS OF BAS 500 ON FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF
PEANUT, WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Early and Late Southern Rhizoctonia -Pod Yield-
Treatment Formulated Spray Leafspot
2  
-Stem Rot'- -Limb Rot
4
- lbs/ac
Product Timing' 131DAP 138DAP 148DAP 138DAP 148DAP 1st dig
5 
2nddig
6
Bravo 720 2.2 C 
7  
9.3 A 9.3 A 1.3 A 1.8 A 2723 C 2759 B
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.3 BC 5.3 B 6.5 B 1.3 A 1.5 AB 4235 A 3848 A
BAS 500 0.76 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 22 C 7.8 AB 5.0 B 1.5A 1.5AB 3884AB 3787A
BAS 500 0.95 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.5 A-C 6.5 AB 6.0 B 1.5A 1.3 AB 3775 AB 4009 A
BAS 500 0.58 pt 2,4
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.5 A-C 5.OB 52 B 1.2 A 1.4AB 3543 A-C 3882 A
BAS 500 0.76 pt 2,4
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.3 BC 7.3 AB 6.0 B 1.5 A 1.3AB 3453A-C 3590A
BAS 500 0.76 pt 2,3
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.8AB 5.8AB 4.6B 1.2A 1.0B 3214BC 3678A
BAS 500 0.76 pt 2,4
Moncut 50WP 1.2 lb 3,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.5 A-C 6.0 AB 62 B 1.4 A 1.2AB 3998AB 3882A
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,2,4,6,7 2.7 A-C 5.0 B 6.5 B 1.0 A 1.5 AB 3497 A-C 3497 A
Abound 2.08 SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,2,4,6,7 3.0 A 6.5 AB 6.7 B 1.3 A 1.3 AB 3678AB 3824A
Moncut 50 WP 1.2 lb 3,5
LSD (0.05) 0.5 3.9 2.2 0.7 0.7 910 641
1 
Spray timing was as follows: 1=June 19, 2=June 30, 3=July 17, 4=July 31, 5=August 14, 6=August 28, 7= September 11.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 18 and September 26, 
based on the Florida leaf spot scoring
system (1-no disease, 2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions
with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with signifi-
cant defoliation, 7=lesion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with
very heavy defoliation, 9=very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on October 3 (lst dig) and October 10 (
2
nd dig) as the number of disease loci per 60
ft of row.
4
Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed at inversion using a 1-5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row
length, 2=11-25%, 3=26-50%, 4=51-75%, 5 = completely dead plants).
5
First dig October 3, harvested October 5. 
6
Second dig October 10, harvested October 13.
7
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 17
Effectiveness of Terraclor Against 
Soil-borne Diseases and
of Echo 720 and Eminent 125SL
Against Soil-borne and Foliar Diseases 
of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of candidate and competitive fungicides applied 
under a 14-day spray
schedule for the control of foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 12, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot size was six 35-
foot (10.7 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 19).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 20).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 8, June 9, June 22, July 7,
July 19, July 27, August 10, and August 22.
Application of Treatments: Fungicide applications were made at two-week intervals beginning June 13 and
continuing through September 8, and were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume of 15 gallons
per acre using a six-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 11 and 22 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on September 28 immediately after plot
inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 2. Yields were reported at 10.19% moisture.
Summary: In-furrow applications of the three formulations of Terraclor failed to increase the stand count 14
and 28 DAP compared with Echo 720 alone. Despite supplemental watering, the season-long drought
suppressed the onset and spread of early and late leaf spot. Generally, leaf spot damage was limited to spotting
of the leaves and light defoliation. Echo 720 alone gave similar control of early and late leaf spot as programs
that included applications of Eminent 125 SL, Folicur 3.6F, and Abound 2SC.
In addition, the level of SSR damage in the Echo 720-treated peanuts did not differ significantly from
those treated with Eminent 125SL, Folicur 3.6F, Abound 2SC, or Moncut 50W. Plots treated with Folicur 
3.6F,
Abound 2SC, and Moncut 50W suffered less damage than those treated with Eminent 125SL. The in-furrow
applications of the three formulations of Terraclor had no impact on the occurrence of southern stem rot.
18
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Yield in the Abound 2SC-treated plots was significantly higher than 
those noted with Echo 720. Plots
treated with Folicur 3.6F, Moncut 50W, and Eminent 125SL did 
not yield higher than those treated season-long
with Echo 720. In-furrow applications of Terraclor 15G, Terraclor 2E, and Terraclor 
4F failed to increase
peanut yield.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TERRACLOR AGAINST SOIL-BORNE DISEASES AND OF ECHO 720 AND EMI-
NENT 125 SL AGAINST SOIL-BORNE AND FOLIAR DISEASES OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Earlyand Late Southem
Treatment Formulated Spray -Stand Count- Leafspot
2  
Stem Rot Limb Rot Pod Yield
Product Timing i 14DAP 28DAP 133 DAP 140DAP 140DAP lbs/ac
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1-7 85.2 A 100.8 A 3.7A-C 8.2A-D 1.7 A 4480BC
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 - - 3.3 BC 7.3 B-D 1.5 A 4411 BC
Eminent 125 SL 26 fl oz 2,3,4,5
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 - - 3.0C 8.7A-C 1.5A 4411BC
IS 125 DME 26 fl oz 2,3,4,5
Echo 720 1.0 pt 1,6,7 - - 3.C 10.5A 1.3A 4431BC
Echo 720 + 1.0 pt + 2,3,4,5
Eminent 125 SL 13 fl oz
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1,2,7 - - 32 C 5.7CD 1.3A 4784 AB
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3,4,5,6
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1,3,5,6,7 - - 3.3 BC 5.5 CD 1.3 A 5116A
Abound 2 SC 1.6 pt 2,4
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1,24,6,7 - - 4.0AB 5.3 D 1.3 A 4445BC
Moncut 50 WP 1.2 lb 3,5
Terraclor 15G 10 lb in furrow 84.0 A 101.5 A 3.3 BC 9.0 AB 1.7 A 4300C
Echo720 1.5 pt 1-7
Terraclor 2E 96 fl oz in furrow 91.3 A 103.8 A 3.5 A-C 6.7B-D 1.7 A 4418BC
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1-7
Terraclor4F .48floz in furrow 81.8 A 100.2A 4.2 A 8.2A-D 1.5 A 4487BC
Echo 720 1.5 pt 1-7
LSD (0.05) 10.3 13.2 0.8 3.0 0.6 462.5
1Spray timing was as follows: l=June 13, 2=June 29, 3=July 11, 4=July 25, 5=August 8, 6=August 23, and 7=September 8.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 22, based on the Florida leaf spot scoring system (1-=no disease,
2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation,
5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=le-
sion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation,
9=very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on September 28 as the number of disease loci per 70 ft row.
4 Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed using a 1-5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row length, 2=11-
25%, 3=26-50%, 4=51-75%, 5=completely dead plants).
'Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
19
Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut with
Fungicide Treatment Regimes that Include Stratego
Objective: To assess the efficacy of candidate and competitive fungicides applied under a 14-day spray
schedule for the control of foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 19, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plots consisted of six
30-foot (9.1 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Incorporated Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 18). Gramoxone Max
5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 22).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 0.75 inch of water was applied on May 13, and May 19, and 1 inch on
June 7, June 15, June 28, July 22, August 12, August 18, and August 29.
Application of Treatments: Fungicide applications were made at two-week intervals starting on June 19 and
ending on September 11. Treatments were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume of 15 gallons
per acre using a six-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 18 and 26 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on October 3 and 10 (one locus was
defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 5 and 13. Yields were reported at 10.39% moisture.
Summary: Unusually dry weather patterns in June, July, and August greatly limited the development of early
and late leaf spot. Consequently, few significant differences in the leaf spot ratings were seen among the
treatments. Damage in all plots, including those sprayed season-long with the Bravo 720, was limited to light
spotting in the lower and mid- canopy. Little if any premature leaf shed was seen. At the first digging date (138
DAP), programs that included applications ofMoncut 50W or Abound 2SC significantly reduced the severity of
southern stem rot when compared to the Bravo 720 or the Bravo 720 + Benlate programs. Stem rot damage in
the plots treated with the Tilt + Bravo tank mixture or Bravo 720/Folicur 3.6F was similar to the levels seen in
those treated season- long with Bravo 720 alone. Abound 2SC applied twice at 1.15 pints per acre gave better
southern stem rot control than did four applications of 0.45 pt/A of Folicur 3.6F. On the second digging date,
Abound 2SC-treated plots generally suffered the least southern stem rot damage. Stratego 2.08EC, when used
in combination without Abound 2SC or Moncut 50W had no impact on the severity of southern stem rot.
Rhizoctonia limb rot damage was negligible and the fungicide programs had limited impact on disease severity.
Generally, the yields for individual programs at both digging dates were similar.
20 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 2
Significant yield gains were noted with the programs that included applications ofMoncut 50W,
Abound 25C, and Folicur 3.6F. Surprisingly, yields recorded forthe program that included two applications of
the 14 fluid ounce rate of Stratego were often similar to those obtained with the previously mentioned
fungicides. At both digging dates, the highest yields were noted in the plots receiving two applications of
Abound 2SC at 1.15 pints per acre while the lowest were obtained with Bravo 720 alone or the Bravo +
Benlate/Bravo 720 program.
EFFCT OF FUNGIC]IDE TREATEMNT REGuIES ON FOLIAR AND Soum-BoNEDISEASES OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Earlyandate Southern Rhizoctonia Pod Yield
Treatment Formulated Spray Leafspot
2  
Stem Rot' Limb Rote lbs/ac
Product Timing' 131DAP 138DAP 145DAP 145DAP 1 st dig 2nd dige
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1-7 2.5 AB
7
12.4A 10.OAB 2.OA 3582 C 3804E
Tilt 3.6EC +
Bravo 720
Bravo 720
Folicur 3.6F
Stratego 2.08 EC
Tilt + Moncut 50W
Bravo 720
Stratego 2.0 EC
Tilt+ Moncut5W
Bravo 720
Stratego 2.08 EC
Abound 2.08 SC
Tilt + Bravo 720
Stratego 2.08 EC
Tilt+ Moncut SOW
Bravo 720
Tilt + Bravo 720
Stratego 2.08 EC
Bravo 720
Tilt + Bravo 720
Abound 2.08 SC
Bravo 720
Bravo 720
Abound 2.08 SC
Bravo 720O+
Benlate 5OWP
Bravo 720
2 fioz +
1.5 pt
1.5Spt
0.45 pt
5 ft oz
4floz+ 1.2 b
1.5Spt
5 fi oz
4floz+ 121b
1.5 pt
7 fioz
0.77 pt
2floz+ 1.Opt
7 fioz
4floz+ 121b
1.5 pt
2floz+ 1.Opt
14 floz
1.5 pt
2 fl oz+ 1.0Opt
0.77 pt
1.5 Pt
1.5Spt
1. 15 pt
0.75 pt +
4.0Ooz
1.5Spt
1-7 2.5AB 9.8 A-C 9.4 A-C 1.6AB 3746BC 3891DE
19297
R3,4,5,6
35
2Z4
637
1,2,4
395
697
1
2,4
3,5,6,7
1,3,5
2,4
6,7
1,3
2Z4
Z,4
6,7
la,4697
395
2.5AB 9.0OA-C 9.0OA-D 1.7 AB 4327 AB 4340 B-D
2.SAB 8.5SB-D 8.5SA-E 1.SA-C 4247 AB 4453 A-C
3.OAB 8.5 B-D 7.5B-E 1.3 BC 4066 A-C 4404 A-C
2.AB 73CD 6.DE OC 4566A 4622 A-C
2.5 AB 8.0CD 7.8A-E 2.0A 4029 A-C 4203 C-E
2.7AB 8A4B-D 10.6A
2.8A
22B
4.8D 5.5E
2.0A 4221AB 4327B-D
1.3 BC 4489 A 4671 AB
4.8D 64C-E 1.2BC-4521A 4821 A
1;2 2.5AB 12.2 AB 10.8 A 1.7AB 3799BC 3840E
3,4,5,6,7
LSD (0.05) 0.6 3.8 3.1 0.5 583 454
'Spray timing was as follows: 1=June 19, 2=June 30, 3=July 17, 4=July 31, 5=August 14, 6=-August 28, 7=September 11.
'Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 26, based on the Florida leaf spot scoring system (P-=no disease, 2=very few lesions
in lower canopy, 3--few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy
with some defoliation, 6=-lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8--very numerous
lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 9--veiy few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3 
Southemn stem rot was assessed on October 3 (181 dig) and October -10 (2nd' dig) as the number of disease 
loci per 60 ft of row.
4
Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed at inversion using a 1-5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row length, 2=1 1-25%,
3=26-50%o, 4=-51-75%/, 5'=completely dead plants). 'First dig October 3, harvested October 5. "Second dig October 10, harvested
October 13. 
7
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
21
Impact of In-furrow Applications of Abound 2SC
on the Incidence of Leaf Spot and Southern Stem 
Rot in Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of candidate and competitive fungicides applied in furrow and under a 14-
day spray schedule for the control of foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 19, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plots consisted of four
35-foot (10.7 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 19).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 20).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 8, June 9, June 22, July 7, July 19,
July 27, August 10, and August 22.
Application of Treatments: In-furrow applications were made at planting on May 12 at 5 gallons per acre
using a tractor-mounted CO
2 
sprayer with 8001 nozzles. Foliar fungicide applications were made at two-week
intervals beginning June 12 and continuing through September 5 and were applied as a full canopy spray at a
calibrated volume of 15 gallons per acre using a four-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 11 and 22 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on September 11, September 22, and
September 28 immediately after plot inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and
signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 3. Yields were reported at 10.17% moisture.
Summary: At both rating dates, the leaf spot ratings for nearly all of the fungicide regimes were not signifi-
cantly different. At the last rating, southern stem rot damage was significantly lower in the plots treated at mid-
season with Abound 2SC, Fluazinam, Moncut 50W, and/or Folicur 3.6F than in those treated with Bravo Ultrex
alone. With one exception, yields were also significantly higher with mid-season applications of Abound 2SC,
Fluazinam, Moncut 50W, or Folicur 3.6F. Yield gains obtained with the latter fungicides were similar. When
applied in-furrow at planting, Abound 2SC appeared to have little if any impact on disease incidence or peanut
yield.
22 ALABAMA 
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
EFFECT OF IN-FURROW APPLICATIONS OF ABOUND 2SC ON THE INCIDENT OF PEANUT DISEASES,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Spray Early and Late Southern 
Limb Pod
Treatment Formulated Timing' -Stand Count- -- Leaf Spot
2
- Stem Rot
3-
Rot
4  
Yield
Product 14 DAP 28 DAP 116 DAP 133 DAP 116 DAP 133 DAP 14DAP 
lbs/ac
Untreated Control 86.3 B 
5  
97.3 A 6.2 A 7.7 A 1.8A 3.5A 12.3A 2.2A 4072C
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 - - 2.7 B 
3.5 BC 2.2A 3.7A 10.0 A .8AB 4037 C
Abound 2SC 0.38floz/1000rowft in-furrow 94.3 B 104.7A 2.3 B 
3.5BC 0.7A 2.8A 3.5D 12C 4445A-C
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2SC 0.58 fl oz/1000 row ft in-furrow 89.3 B 105.0 A 
2.3 B 32 C 0.8 A 2.0A 6.0 B-D 1.3BC 4957A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 
2.5 B 3.5 BC 1.2A 3.0 A 5.3B-D 12C 
4743AB
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2SC 0.38floz/1000rowft in-furrow 108.3A 113.8A 
2.5 B 3.3 BC 1.5A 3.2A 6.8B 1.3C 4943A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6
Abound 2 SC 0.8 pt 
3,5,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 -
2.3 B 3.3 BC 1.8A 3.3A 6.BC 12C 
4743AB
Abound 2SC 0.8 pt 3,5
BravoUltrex+Fluazinam 1.41b+0.71pt 4,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 - -
2.7 B 4.0 B 1.8 A 3.0 A 52 B-D 1.3 BC 4777 A
Abound 2SC 0.8 pt 3,5
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,3 -
- 3.0 B 3.3BC 0.5 A 2.2A 5.7B-D 
1.3BC 4729AB
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,5,6,7
BravoUltrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 - -
3.0 B 3.7 BC 0.5 A 2.0 A 3.8 CD 1.2 C 4867 
A
Moncut 50WP 1.2 lb 3,5
LSD (0.05) 11.1 16.8 
0.8 0.7 2.0 2.1 2.9 0.5 675
'Spray timing was as follows: 1=June 12, 2=June 26, 3=July 10, 4=July 24, 5=August 
7, 6=August 21, 7=September 5.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 11 and 22, using the Florida 
Leaf spot scoring system (1-=no disease, 2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in 
lower and
upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy 
with some defoliation, 6-=lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesion numerous 
with
heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 
9=very few remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on September 11, 22, and 28 (inversion) as the number of disease 
loci per 70 ft of row.
4
Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed at inversion using a 1-
5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row length, 2=11-25%, 3=26-50%, 4=51-75%, 
5=completely dead plants).'Mean separation within columns was according to
Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
m
z
c
I
m
m
o
z
0
r-
-n
r-
0
Comparison of Abound 2SC Spray Programs to Recommended
Fungicides for Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of fungicides applied in-furrow and under a 14-day spray schedule for the
control of foliar and soilborne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii), and Rhizoctonia limb rot (Rhizoctonia solani).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Center Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 12, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot size was eight 35-
foot (10.7 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 19).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 20).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 8, June 9, June 22, July 7, July
19, July 27, August 10, and August 22.
Application of Treatments: In-furrow applications were made at planting on May 12 at 5 gallons per acre
using a tractor-mounted CO
2 
sprayer with 8001 nozzles. Foliar fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at
a calibrated volume of 15 gallons per acre using a four-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles
and applications were made at two-week intervals beginning June 12 and continuing through September 5.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 11 and 22 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on September 28 immediately after plot
inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 3, and yields were reported at 10.17% moisture.
Summary: All of the treatments controlled both early and late leaf spot significantly better than the non-treated
control, but none of the treatments were better than the full season Bravo treatment. Destructive sampling of
the plots showed the number of hits increased in the non-treated control during the season. All of the treatments
gave significantly better control of southern stem rot compared to the non-treated control. Increased yield
results were observed in all of the in-furrow Abound treatments giving significantly better results than both the
untreated control and the Bravo full season treatment. The yields observed with the Bravo/Abound treatment
were better than those observed with other standard spray programs.
24
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDE PROGRAMS FOR CONTROL OF FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Spray Early and Late Southern Limb Pod
Treatment Formulated Timing' -Stand Count- -- Leaf Spot
2
- -Stem Rot
-  
Rot Yield
Product 14 DAP 28 DAP 116DAP 133 DAP 90 DAP 140 DAP 
lbs/ac
Untreated Control 88.8 AB
5 
96.2 AB 6.2A 7.5A 15.OA 17.OA 2.5A 3567E
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1-7 85.3 AB 92.8 AB 22 C 3.5BC 5.3B 10.3BC 1.8B 3733DE
Abound 2SC 0.38 floz1000rowft in-furrow 90.2 AB 95.5 AB 22 C 32 C 4.5B 6.3DE 
12 C 4756AB
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2SC 0.38 floz/l000rowft in-furrow 92.0 AB 99.6 AB 2.3 BC 3.3 BC 5.5B 8.7BCD 
1.5BC 4722AB
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,3,4,6
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 5,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 86.3 AB 93.2 AB 2.0 C 3.0 C 2.8B 
6.7DE 1.5BC 4922A
Abound 2SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2SC 0.38floz/1000rowft in-furrow 93.8 A 104.7A 2.3 BC 32C 4.8B 
62DE 12C 4777A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6
Abound 2 SC 0.8 pt 3,5,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 88.5 AB 97.7 AB 2.3 BC 3.8 B 
4.5B 5.E 12C 4459A-C
Abound 2 SC 0.8 pt 3,5
BravoUkex+Fluazinam 1.41b+0.71pt 4,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,3,8 81.0 B 91.6AB 2.8B 3.5BC 3.0 B 8.8B-D 
1.3BC 4183B-D
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,5,6,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 85.0 AB 88.7 B 2.8B 3.8B 4.5 B 7.7C-E 
1.5 BC 4107C-E
Moncut 50WP 1.2lb 3,5
BravoUltrex 1.41b 1-7 85.8AB 93.8AB 2.3BC 32C 7.5B 122B 
1.7BC 3816DE
LSD (0.05) 11.7 13.0 0.7 0.5 6.8 
3.6 0.6 574
'Spray timing was as follows: 1 = June 12, 2 = June 26, 3 = July 10, 4 = July 24, 5 = August 7, 6 = August 21, 7 = September 5.
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 11 and September 22, using the Florida leaf spot scoring system (1 = no disease, 
2 = very few lesions in lower canopy, 3 =
few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4= some lesions with slight defoliation, 5= lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6= 
lesions numerous with significant
defoliation, 7= lesion numerous with heavy defoliation, 8= very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 
9= very few remaining leaves covered with
lesions, 10 = plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on August 11, and September 28 (inversion) as the number of disease loci per 70 feet row.
4
Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed at inversion using a 1-5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row length, 2=11-25%, 3=26-50%, 4=51-75%, 
5=completely dead plants).
1 Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
-a
m
z
c
C',
m
C
m
0
0
z
0
-
m
t-
Fn
I-
o
o
CD
(T1
Comparison of Moncut 50W and Moncut 70WDG with Abound 2SC and
Folicur 3.6F for Control of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess efficacy of fungicides as foliar spray for the management of leaf spot and soil-borne
diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 12, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot consisted of six 35-
foot (10.7 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 19).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 20).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 8, June 9, June 22, July 7, July 19,
July 27, August 10, and August 22.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume 
of 15
gallons per acre using a six-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Applications 
were made at
two-week intervals beginning June 12 and continuing through September 5.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 10 and 21 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on September 29 and October 5
immediately after plot inversion (one locus was defined as<1 ft ofconsecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 3 and 9. Yields were reported at 10.18% moisture.
Summary: At 133 DAP, leaf spot ratings for all of the fungicide programs evaluated did not significantly differ.
Due to the extended drought, Bravo Ultrex alone proved as effective in controlling early and late leaf spot 
as
those programs that included applications of Abound 2SC and Folicur 3.6F. As indicated by leaf spot ratings 
of
3.0 to 3.3, damage was limited to light spotting in the lower and mid-canopy. No appreciable defoliation was seen.
Although significant differences in the level of southern stem rot damage were noted among the
fungicide programs at both digging dates, less variability was noted at the second digging date among the
fungicide programs. When compared with the Bravo Ultrex standard, significant reductions in the level of
southern stem rot were obtained with two applications of Abound 2SC and the Moncut 50W/Folicur 3.6F-
combination program. With the notable exception of two applications of Moncut 70WDG at 1.5 pounds per
acre, Moncut 50W and Moncut 70WDG programs proved to have little activity against southern stem rot. Also,
the standard Folicur 3.6F program, which consists of four applications of the 0.45 pint per acre rate, failed to reduce
southern stem rot severity in peanut below levels seen in the Bravo Ultrex-treated plots. Although some differences in
hztonia limb rot damage were noted at both rating dates, damage levels were uniformly low (data not shown).
26 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 2
In this irrigated trial, pod yields for all the fungicide programs were 
well over the two-ton level.
However, significant differences in yield were seen among these programs. 
The effect of southern stem rot
control was reflected in the high yields seen in the peanuts treated 
twice with Abound 2SC at 1 .15-pints per
acre. On the other hand, yields of the Folicur 3.6F-treated peanuts 
did not differ significantly from those ofthe
Bravo Ultrex standard. Yield response to the Moncut 50W and Moncut 
70WDG-treated peanuts varied-widely.
Two applications ofMoncut 70WDG at 1.5 pounds per acre and the Moncut 50W/Folicur 3.6F 
combination
program were as effective in boosting pod yields as Abound 2SC. The yields obtained 
with the remaining
Moncut 50W and Moncut 7OWDG program, which did not differ significantly 
from those ofthe Bravo Ultrex
standard, were directly related to their lack of efficacy against southern stem rot.
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Treatment Rate Per Acre Spray Leaf Spot 
2 
Southern Stem Rot
3  
Pod Yield (lbs/ac)
Formulated Product Timing' 133 DAP 141 DAP 147 DAP 1 st dig"4 2nd digI
Bravo Ultrex
Bravo Ultrex
Abound 2.08 SC
Bravo Ultrex
Folicur 3.6F
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut 50W+BravoUrex
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut 50W+ BravoUlrex
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut 50W+BravoUltrex
Folicur 3.6F
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut 50W+ Bravo Ultrex
Abound 2.08 SC
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut 70WDG+ Bravo Ultx
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut7OWVDG+BavoUlrex
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut70WDG+BravoUttex
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut7OWVDG+BmavoUltiex
Bravo Ultrex
Moncut70VWDG +Bravo U1iex
Bravo Ultrex + Tilt
Montero
LSD (0.05)
1.4 lb
1.4 lb
1. 15 pt
1.4 lb
0.45 pt
1.4 lb
1.5 lb+ lAlb
1.4 lb
0.75 lb+l1.41
1.4 lb
0.75 lb+ lAlb
0.45 pt
1.4 lb
1.51b+l1.41
1. 15 pt
1.4 lb
l.5lb+ lAlb
1.4 lb
0.75 1,+l1.41
1.4 lb
4.01,+ lAlb
1.4 lb
4.0 lb + 1.4 lb
1.4 lb
8.01,+ lAlb
0.9 lb + 2.0 fi oz
35
1-7
1,2,43,6,7
3,5
192,7
1,2,49,6,7
395
112
4,6
3,5
3
5
3,5
1,2,7
3
1,224,516J7
3
1,2,4,697
3.3 AB6
3.2 AB
9.2AB
537B
11.0 AB
5.2 D
459 B-D 4127 BC
5462 A 5392 A
3.2AB 5.5B 82A-D 4528B-D 4383BC
3.2AB 9.8AB 8.5A-D 4729A-D 4418BC
3.3AB 10.OAB 8.5A-D 4259CD 4397BC
3.2AB 7.3 AB 6.OCD 4950A-C 4611 A-C
3.3 AB 5.5B 72B-D 4494B-D 4708AB
3.3AB 5.5B 4.8D 5005AB 4819AB
3.OB 10.OAB 8.OA-D 4680B-D 4266BC
3.2AB
3.2AB
3.0 B
11.5 A 10.8 AB 4024D 3761 C
10.2AB 11.3A 4618B-D 4307BC
8.5AB 9.7 A-C 4625 B-D 4093 BC
3.5 A 8.7 AB 7.6 A-D 4425 B-D 4065 BC
0.5 5.3 4.1 734 857
'Spray timing was as follows: I1=June 12, 2=June 26, 3=July 10, 4=-July 24, 5=August 7, 6--August 23, 7=September 5.
2 
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on September 2 1, based on the 
Florida leaf spot scoring system (I1=no disease, 2=very few
lesions in lower canopy, 3=-few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable
in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6--lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesion numerous with heavy defolia-
tion, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 9=-very few remaining leaves covered with
lesions, 10=plants dead). 
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on September 29 (P
t
0 dig) and October 5 (2fl3 dig) as the number of
disease loci per 70 ft of row. First dig September 29, harvested October 3. 
5
Second dig October 5, harvested October 9.
WMean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000
27
Comparison of New and Experimental Fungicides for Control
of Foliar and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of new and experimental fungicides for control of foliar and soil-borne
diseases of peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Wiregrass Research and Extension Center, Headland, AL
Soil Type: Dothan sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: May 12, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plots consisted of six
35-foot (10.7 m) rows spaced 3 feet (0.9 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Peanut-cotton-peanut rotation.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Sonalan 1 quart + Dual 1.5 pints per acre (April 19).
Gramoxone Max 5.5 ounces + 2,4 DB 1.5 pint + Basagran 0.5 pint per acre (June 20).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre in furrow.
Nematicides: Temik 15G 7 pounds per acre banded over the center of the seed furrow.
Irrigation Applied: Approximately 1 inch of water was applied on May 8, June 9, June 22, July 7, July 19,
July 27, August 10, and August 22.
Application of Treatments: Foliar fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume of
15 gallons per acre using a six-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Applications were made
at two-week intervals beginning June 12 and continuing through September 5.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on September 12 and 21 using the Florida
leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot loci were made on September 29 immediately after plot
inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plots were harvested on October 3 and 9. Yields were reported at 10.19% moisture.
Summary: When tank-mixed with Bravo 720, Messenger and Biozymefailed to enhance seedling emergence
or the control of leaf spot diseases, southern stem rot, or Rhizoctonia limb rot as compared with the season-long
Equus 720 or Bravo 720 standard. Surprisingly, no appreciable differences in southern stem rot levels were
noted between the Bravo 720 standard and the other fungicide programs, including those that included three
applications of the 0.45 pints per acre rate of Folicur 3.6F. At the first digging date the Equus 720/Kocide
2000+Folicur 3.6F program increased yields above those recorded for Equus alone. By the second digging date,
highest yields were obtained with the Bravo 720/Folicur 3.6F program. Messenger and Biozyme had no
noticeable impact on peanut yield.
28 ALABAMA 
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
EFFECT OF NEW AND EXPERIMENTAL FUNGICIDES 
FOR CONTROL OF FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE 
DISEASESOPENT
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, 
HEADLAND, AL, 2000_
Rate Per Acre Spray' 
Leaf SouthernPoYil
Treatment Formulated Timing' 
-Stand Count- Spot
2  
Stem Rot
3
- Limb Rot
4
lsa
Product 14 DAP 28 DAP 133 
DAP 141 DAP 147 DAP 141 DMA 47MlPdg 
2ddW
Eciuus720 1.5 Pt 1-7 
78.5KA' 85.3 A 3.0 C 10.7AB 10.0AB 
1.5 B-D 1IA 35B 33B
Equus 82.5 DF
Equus 720 +
Kocide 4.5 LF
Equus 82.5 DF +
Kocide 2000
Equus 720 +
Kocide 4.5 LE
Folicur 3.6F
Equus 82. DF +
Kocide 2000
Folicur 3.6F
Bravo 720
Bravo 720
Folicur 3.6F
Bravo 720
Bravo 720 + Biozyme
Bravo 720
Bravo 720 + Biozyme
Biozyme
Bravo 720 + Biozyme
Bravo 720
Messenger
Bravo 720
1.4 lb
1.0 Pt+
1.0 lbt
1.0 lb
1.0 Ptb
1.0 pt
0.45Spt
1.0 lb +
1.0 lb
0.45 pt
1.5 pt
1.5 pt
0.45 pt
1.5 pt
1.5Spt + 8floz
1.5 pt
1.5 pt+12 floz
12 fl oz
1.5 pt+12 fl oz
1.5 pt
2.23 oz
1.5 pt
1-7
1-7
1-7
1,2Z6.97
3A45
13,2,6,7
3,45
1-7
1,2,6,7
1,3,5,7
2,4,6
1, 3,5,7
2%43,6
1' 11bloom
1,2j3
4159697
- - 32BC
- - 3.5 AB
10.OAB
10.2AB
8.OAB
10.5 AB
1.3 CD
1.7A-D
3754 AB 3775 A-C
3844AB 3547BC
-. 3.5 AB 10.8AB 8.8AB 1.7A-D 1LOB 4113 AB 3601 BC
- 3.5AB 10.8AB 7.7B
- - 3.7 A
- - 3.2BC
- - 3.7A
- - 3.5 AB
- - 3.OC
- - 3.5AB
7, 14 DAE 76.7 A 892A
1-7
9.3 AB 8.5 B
1 1OAB
9.3 AB
9.OAB
8.8AB
2.2AB 1.5AB 4148 A 3851 A-C
2.2AB 1.5AB 4044 AB 3961 AB
2.2AB
1.7A-D
122A 11.0OAB 2.3 A 1.8 A 3685 AB 3766 A-C
72B 11.OAB 1.2D 1.8 A 3975 AB 3785 A-C
12.8 A 13.OA 2.2AB 1.8 A 3657B 3346C
3.2BC 9.5AB 9.2AB 1.8A-D 
1.6AB 4003 AB 3327C
1.2 AB
1.7AB
1.3AB
1.5AB
-u
m
z
c
m
C)
0
z
0
I-
-n
m0
3982AB
4107AB
3726 A-C
4148 A
continued
CONTINUED, EFFECT OF NEW AND EXPERIMENTAL FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROL OF FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF PEANUT,
WIREGRASS RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, HEADLAND, AL, 2000
Rate Per Acre Spray Leaf Southern 
Pod Yield
Treatment Formulated Timing' -Stand Count- Spot
2  
- Stem Rot
3  
Limb Rot
4  
lbs/ac
Product 14 DAP 28 DAP 133 DAP 141 DAP 147 DAP 141 DAP 147DAP lstdig 2nddig
Messenger 2.23oz emerge,7, 77.3 A
7  
92.7 A 3.0C 10.0 AB 82B 1.7A-D 1.4AB 3927AB 3858A-C
14DAE
Messenger +Bravo 720 2.23 oz + 1.5 pt 1-7
Messenger 2.23 oz pre-bloom 73.8 A 87.3 A 3.OC 12.5 A 
10.3 AB 2.0 A-C 1.7AB 4031 AB 3630A-C
Messenger + Bravo 720 2.23 oz+ 1.5 pt 1-7
LSD (0.05) 7.3 19.8 0.5 3.8 4.1 
0.8 0.7 487 533
'Spray timing was as follows: l=June 12, 2= June 26, 3=July 10, 4=July 24, 5=August 7, 6=August 21, 
7=September 5.
2
Early leaf spot was rated on September 21, based on the the Florida leaf scoring system (1-=no disease, 2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper
canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with 
significant defoliation, 7=lesions numerous
with heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with very heavy defoliation, 9-very few 
remaining leaves covered with lesions, 10=plant dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on September 29 (1't dig) and October 5 (
2
"
nd dig) as the number of disease loci per 70 ft of row.
4
Rhizoctonia limb rot was assessed at inversion using a 1-5 rating scale (1=0-10% level of damage of a given row length, 2=11-25%, 3=26-50%, 
4=51-75%, 5=completely dead
plants).
5
First dig September 29, harvested October 3. 
6
Second dig October 5, harvested October 9.
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
-
w
I-
on=.
c
c
-I
I--
m
Y rn
x
m
m
z
"/3
errrl
l171
i
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z4
0
z
Efficacy of Fungicides as Foliar Spray for the Management
of Leaf Spot and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of fungicides applied under a 14-, 21-, or 28-day spray schedule for the control
offoliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope, AL
Soil Type: Malbis fine sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: April 28,2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot size was four 30-feet
(9.1 m) rows spaced 38 inches (0.97 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five to six seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Prowl 2 pints + Dual Magnum 1.5 pints per acre (April 28).
Poast Plus 1.5 pints + Prime Oil 2 pints per acre (June 7).
Classic 0.5 ounces per acre + Activate 1 pint per 50 gallons of water (July 5).
Poast Plus 1.5 pints + Prime Oil 2 pints per acre (July 27).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 5-6 pounds per acre in-furrow (April 28).
Lorsban 15G 13 pounds per acre banded over row (June 13).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: None.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume of 20 gallons
per acre using a four-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Spray schedule intervals were as
follows:
14-day intervals: June 2, June 14, June 28, July 12, July 25, August 9, and August 23
21-day intervals: June 2, June 21, July 12, August 2, and August 23
28-day intervals: June 2, June 28, July 25, August 23
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on August 29 and September 13 using the
Florida leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot (SSR) loci were made on August 29 and September
14 immediately after plot inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and signs of the
disease).
Harvest: Plant were dug September 14 and plots were harvested on September 18.
Summary: Overall, early and late leaf spot were suppressed by the unusually dry summer-long weather
patterns. Surprisingly, leaf spot ratings for the plots treated with the 0.4 pints per acre rate of BAS 500 at two-
week intervals were higher than those recorded for the unsprayed control and most of the other fungicide
treatments. The least southern stem rot damage was noted in the plots treated with 0.58 pint per acre of BAS
500F at 28-day intervals. Yields in the unsprayed control were similar to those obtained with the fungicide
treatments. The best yields were seen in the plots treated with the combination of three applications of BAS
500F and two applications of Folicur 3.6F.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 31
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON LEAF SPOT AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES OF PEANUT,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 2000
Treatment Rate Per Acre Spray -Leaf Spot 2 Southern Stem Rot
3 
Pod Yield
Formulated Product Timing ' 125 DAP 146 DAP 125 DAP 125 DAP (lbs/ac)
Untreated Control - - 2.3 B
4  
3.0BC 3.5 A 7.2A 3397AB
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.0B 3.0BC 5.2 A 6.8AB 3586AB
BAS 500 0.4 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 22B 2.8 C 4.8 A 5.3A-C 3636AB
BAS 500 0.58 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,7 2.0B 3.2BC 4.8 A 5.0 A-C 3787 A
BAS 500 0.4 pt 2,4,6
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 3,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1,3,5,7 3.2 A 4.0A 4.7 A 5.2A-C 3361B
BAS 500 0.4 pt 2,4,6
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1 2.0B 3.2BC 4.5 A 6.2AB 3619AB
BAS 500 0.4 pt 2-51
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1 22B 2.8C 4.5 A 52 A-C 3529AB
BAS 500 0.58 pt 2-55
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1 2.0B 2.7C 4.A 3.5 C 3493 AB
BAS 500 0.4 pt 2-45
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1 2.0B 2.8 C 3.2 A 4.5 BC 3558AB
BAS 500 0.58 pt 2-45
Barvo 720 1.5 pt 1,6,7 2.3 B 3.2BC 3.2 A 6.5AB 
3258B
Folicur 3.6 F 0.45 pt 2,3,4,5
Bravo 720 1.5 pt 1-7 2.8 A 3.5 AB 3.8 A 5.0 A-C 3412 
AB
LSD (0.05) 0.4 5.5 2.2 
2.4 417
'Spray timing was as follows:
14-day intervals: 1=June 2, 2=June 14, 3=June 28, 4=July 12, 5=July 25, 6=August 9, 7=August 23
21-day intervals: l=June 2, 2=June 21, 3=July 12, 4=August 2, 5=August 23
28-day intervals: 1=June 2; 2=June 28, 3=July 25, 4=August 23.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on August 29 and September 13, using the Florida Leaf 
spot scoring system (1-=no disease,
2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 
5=lesions
noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesions numerous 
with
heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with heavy defoliation, 9=very few remaining 
leaves
covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on August 
29 and September 14 (inversion) as the number 
of disease loci per 60 ft of row.
4
Mean separation within columns was according 
to Fisher's protected least significant difference 
(LSD) test.
I At 28-day intervals.
32 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Efficacy of New Fungicides for the Control of Foliar
and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of new fungicides applied under a 14-day spray schedule for the control of
foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope, AL
Soil Type: Malbis fmine sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: April 26,2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. Plot size 
was four 30-
feet (9.1 m) rows spaced 38 inches (0.97 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five to six seeds per foot of row.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Prowl 2 pints + Dual Magnum 1.5 pints per acre (April 26).
Gramoxone 6 ounces + Basagran 8 ounces per acre (May 16).
Poast Plus 1.5 pints + Prime Oil 2 pints per acre (June 7).
Classic 0.5 ounces per acre + Active ipint per 50 gallons of water (July 5)
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 5-6 pounds per acre in-furrow (April 26).
Lorsban 15G 13 per acre banded over row (June 12).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: None.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray at a calibrated volume 
of 20
gallons per acre using a four-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Applications 
were made at
two-week intervals: June 14, June 28, July 12, July 25, August 9, and August 23.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on August 29 and September 13 using the
Florida leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot (SSR) loci were made on August 29 and
September 14 immediately after plot inversion (one locus was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms 
and
signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plants were dug September 14 and plots were harvested on September 
18. Yields were reported at
9% moisture.
Summary: Weather patterns were unusually dry through much of the summer. Consequently, the level of early
and late leaf spot pressure noted in trials at this location was unusually low. Even on the unsprayed control,
damage was limited to light spotting of the leaves in the lower and mid-canopy. At both 
rating dates, premature
leaf shed, which is typically associated with severe outbreaks of early and late leaf spot, was negligible. The
biofungicide Serenade alone controlled early and late leaf spot as effectively as the standard full-season 
Bravo
720 program. At the second rating date, leaf spot levels in the plots treated with Serenade at a rate of 4.0
pounds per acre were lower than those recorded for several of the Equus + Kocide 
2000 or Kocide LF
programs.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 33
At the first digging date, the least stem rot damage was seen in the plots treated season-long with
Serenade at the 2 pounds per acre rate. By the second digging date, little differences in disease control were
noted among the fungicide programs, including those that included three applications ofFolicur 3.6F.
Although the lowest yields were noted in the control plots and those treated season-long with Serenade
at the rate of 4 pounds per acre, relatively few significant differences in yield were seen among the fungicide
programs. Yield in the plots treated with the 2 pounds per acre rate of Serenade were similar to those obtained
full season with Bravo 720 and Equus 720. The yields of the plots treated with Equus 720 + Kocide LT or
Equus DF + Kocide 2000 alone or in combination with Folicur 3.6F did not significantly differ.
EFFECT OF NEW FUNGICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF FOLIAR AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASS OF PEANT,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 2000
Treatment Rate Per Acre Spray -Leaf Spot 2 Southern Stem Rot Pod Yield
Formulated Product Timing ' 125 DAP 146 DAP 125 DAP 125 DAP lbs/ac
Untreated Control - - 3.2 A 
4  
3.0A-C 7.3 AB 11.0AB 2709D
Bravo 720 (standard control) 1.5 pt 1-6 2.5B 2.5C 6.0A-C 10.2AB 2942A-D
Serenade 2 lb 1-6 2.5B 2.8 A-C 42C 9.8AB 3038 A-C
Serenade 4 lb 1-6 2.3 B 2.5 C 5.3 A-C 10.8 AB 2627D
Serenade + Kocide DF 2 lb + 2 lb 1-6 2.7 AB 3.2 AB 4.8 BC 10.5 AB 3063 A-C
Equus 720 1.5 pt 1-6 2.8 AB 2.8A-C 7.5 AB 10.7AB 2814B-D
Equus 82.5 DF 1.36 lb 1-6 2.7 AB 2.7BC 8.0AB 11.5 A 2808B-D
Equus 720 + Kocide 4.5 LF 1.0 pt + 1.0 pt 1-6 2.7AB 3.3 A 5.0 BC 9.5 AB 3051A-C
Equus 82.5 DF + Kocide 2000 1.0 lb + 1.0 lb 1-6 2.8AB 3.3 A 5.8 A-C 8.2B 2936A-D
Equus 720 + Kocide 4.5 LF 1.0 pt + 1.0 pt 1,2,6 2.5 A 3.3 A 6.8A-C 11.0 AB 3166AB
Folicur 3.6 F 0.45 pt 3,4,5
Equus 82.5 DF + Kocide 2000 1.0 lb + 1.0 lb 1,2,6 2.7 AB 3.2 AB 4.8BC 9.2 AB 3280 A
Folicur 3.6 F 0.45 pt 3,4,5
LSD (0.05) 0.6 0.5 2.9 3.2 367
'Spray timing was as follows: l=June 14, 2= June 28, 3=July 12, 4=July 25, 5=August 9, 6=August 23.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on August 29 and September 13, based 
on the Florida leaf spot scoring system (1=no
disease, 2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation,
5=lesions noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesions numer-
ous with heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with heavy defoliation, 9=very few remaining
leaves covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southern stem rot was assessed on August 29 and September 14 (dig) as the 
number of disease loci per 60 ft of row.
4
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least 
significant difference (LSD) test.
34 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL 
EXPERIMENT STATION
Efficacy of Abound 2SC as a Foliar Spray for the Management
of Leaf Spot and Soil-borne Diseases of Peanut
Objective: To assess the efficacy of fungicides applied under in-furrow and under a 14-day spray schedule for
the control of foliar and soil-borne diseases in peanut.
Target diseases included early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), late leaf spot (Cercosporidium
personatum), and southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii).
Location: Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center, Fairhope, AL
Soil Type: Malbis fine sandy loam (OM <1%)
Cultivar: Georgia Green
Planting:
Date: April 27, 2000
Experimental Design: Randomized complete block design with six replications. 
Plot size was four 30-
foot (9.1 m) rows spaced 38 inches (0.97 m) apart.
Land Preparation: Moldboard plow and disk harrow.
Seeding Rate: Five to six seed per foot of row.
Crop History: Field with history of peanut production.
Cultural Practices:
Herbicides: Pre-plant: Prowl 2 pints + Dual Magnum 1.5 pints per acre (April 27).
Gramoxone 6 ounces + Basagran 8 ounces per acre (May 16).
Poast Plus 1.5 pints + Prime Oil 2 pints per acre (June 7).
Classic 0.5 ounces per acre + Active 1pint per 50 gallons of water (July 5).
Fungicides: See table.
Insecticides: Temik 5-6 pounds per acre in-furrow (April 27).
Lorsban 15G 13 per acre banded over row (June 12).
Nematicides: None.
Irrigation Applied: None.
Application of Treatments: Fungicides were applied as a full canopy spray 
at a calibrated volume of 20
gallons per acre using a four-row tractor-mounted boom sprayer with TX8 nozzles. Applications were made at
two-week intervals: June 2, June 14, June 28, July 12, July 25, August 
9, and August 24.
Disease Assessment: Early and late leaf spot were visually rated on August 
29 and September 13 using the
Florida leaf spot scoring system. Counts of southern stem rot (SSR) 
loci were made on August 29 and
September 14 immediately after plot inversion (one locus 
was defined as <1 ft of consecutive symptoms and
signs of the disease).
Harvest: Plants were dug September 14 and plots were harvested 
on September 18.
Summary: Due to unusually dry weather patterns throughout much of 
the summer, early and late leaf spot
damage in all of the fungicide treated plots were 
quite low. No significant differences in leaf spot 
or southern
stem rot damage ratings were noted among the fungicide 
treatments. Yields in the untreated control and the
fungicide-treated plots were similar.
PEANUT DISEASE CONTROL FIELD TRIALS 2000 35
EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES ON LEAF SPOT AND SOIL-BORNE 
DISEASES OF PEANUT,
GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EXTENSION CENTER, FAIRHOPE, AL, 2000
Treatment Rate Per Acre Spray -Leaf 
Spot 
2
- Southern Stem Rot
3 
Pod Yield
Formulated Product Timing' 125 DAP 146 DAP 125 DAP 125 DAP 
lbs/ac
Untreated Control - - 2.5 A 
4  
3.3 A 3.2 A 8.0A 2803 A
Bravo Ultrex (standard control) 1.4 lb 1-7 2.2 AB 2.7B 3.0A 52C 
2587A
Abound 2.08 SC 038floz/1000ft in-finow 2.2AB 2.5B 2.7 A 
5.5BC 2644A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7
Abound 2.08 SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2.08 SC 0.58floz/1000ft in-funrw 2.2AB 2.7B 2.0A 6.5 ABC 
2648 A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7
Abound 2.08 SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 2.0 B 2.3 B 3.8 A 6.0 BC 2722 A
Abound 2.08 SC 1.15 pt 3,5
Abound 2.08 SC 038floz/1000ft in-furinow 2.0B 2.5B 2.3 A 6.2BC 2936A
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6
Abound 2.08 SC 0.8 pt 3,5,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 2.2 AB 2.8 AB 2.0 A 7.0 AB 2659 A
Abound 2.08 SC 0.8 pt 3,5
Bravo Ultrex + Fluazinam 1.4 1b + 0.71 pt 4,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,7 2.2 AB 2.7B 2.3 A 6.2 BC 2663 A
Abound 2.08 SC 0.8 pt 3,5
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,6
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,3 2.3 AB 2.7 B 3.0 A 
6.7ABC 2722A
Folicur 3.6F 0.45 pt 4,5,6,7
Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb 1,2,4,6,7 2.2 AB 2.8 AB 2.8 A 63 ABC 
2772 A
Moncut 50WP 1.2 lb 3,5
LSD (0.05) 0.4 0.5 1.9 1.7 
555
'Spray timing was as follow: 1=June 2, 2=June 14, 3=June 28, 4=July 12, 5=July 25, 6=August 9, 7=August 24.
2
Early and late leaf spot was assessed on August 29 and September 13, using the Florida Leaf spot scoring system 
(l=no disease,
2=very few lesions in lower canopy, 3=few lesions in lower and upper canopy, 4=some lesions with slight defoliation, 
5=lesions
noticeable in upper canopy with some defoliation, 6=lesions numerous with significant defoliation, 7=lesions numerous 
with
heavy defoliation, 8=very numerous lesions on few remaining leaves with heavy defoliation, 9=very few remaining leaves
covered with lesions, 10=plants dead).
3
Southemrn stem rot was assessed as 
the number of disease loci per 60 
ft of row.
4
Mean separation within columns was according to Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test.
36
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION