Evaluations of Corn Hybrids in Alabama, 2003 Agronomy and Soils Departmental Series No. 254 Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station John Jensen, Interim Director Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, December 2003 Printed in cooperation with the Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Appreciation is expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose quality work makes this a reliable source of information for farmers in their areas. Chet Norris and Ellis Burgess, Tennessee Valley Research and Extension Center; Tony Dawkins, Sand Mountain Research and Extension Center; Jimmy Holliman, Black Belt Research and Extension Center; Don Moore, Prattville Research Unit; Bobby Durbin and Steve Nightengale, E.V. Smith Research Center; Randy Akridge, Brewton Research Unit; Larry Wells and Brian Gamble, Wiregrass Research and Extension Center; Ronnie McDaniel and Malcomb Pegues, Gulf Coast Research and Extension Center. Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin. Issued in furtherarnce of Cooperative Extension work in agriculture and home economic, Acts of May 8, and June 30, 1914, and other related acts, in cooperation with the U.S. department of Agriculture. The Alabama Cooperative Extension System (Alabama A&M University and Auburn University) offers educational programs, materials, and equal opportunity employment to all people without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, veteran status, or disbility TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 2 Table 1. Locations and Cultural Practices for the 2003 Corn Hybrid Tests ..................................................... 3 NORTHERN ALABAMA Table 2. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Northern Alabama, 2001-2003 ........... 4 Table 3. 2003 Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Northern Alabama .................................................................................................................... 4 Table 4. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Belle Mina, Alabama, 2003 ......................... 6 CENTRAL ALABAMA Table 5. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn at Prattville in Central Alabama, 2001-2003 ................................................................................................................................... 8 Table 6. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for the Corn Virus test at Marion Junction in Central Alabama, 2001-2003 ..................................................................................................... 9 Table 7. One, Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for the No-Till Early Corn Hybrid Test at Shorter in Central Alabama, 2001-2003 ....................................................................................... 10 SOUTH ALABAMA Table 8. Two- and Three-year Yield and Lodging Averages for Corn in Southern Alabama, 2001-2003 .......... 11 Table 9. Yield of Corn Hybrids by Location and Regional Averages of Hybrid Characteristics in Southern Alabama, 2003 ......................................................................................................... 12 Table 10. Irrigated Corn Hybrid Performance and Characteristics, Headland, Alabama, 2001-2003 ................. 13 RAINFALL, SOIL TYPES AND SEED SOURCES Table 11. Growing Season Rainfall, 2001-2003 .......................................................................................... 14 Table 12. Soil Types for Corn Trials, 2003 .................................................................................................. 15 Sources of 2003 Corn Hybrid Test Seed ...................................................................................................... 15 2 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION EVALUATION OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA K.M. Glass1, E. van Santen2, and P.M. Mask3 1 Agricultural Program Associate., 2Professor, and 3Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of Agronomy and Soils, Auburn University, AL 36849 INTRODUCTION Selected corn hybrids are evaluated annually by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station as a service to producers and industry. These tests are conducted throughout the state in an attempt to determine effects of different climatic factors and soil types on yield. There are several types of tests in the program. The Preliminary Hybrid Tests are conducted at one location in each of the northern, central and southern regions of the State. These tests include experimental and newly released hybrids. If a hybrid is outstanding in the preliminary test it is entered in the Regular Corn Hybrid Test the following year. The Regular Corn Hybrid Test is conducted at two locations in the northern region, two locations in the central region and four locations in the southern region. Early yellow corn hybrids are tested at one location in each region. In addition, a regular corn hybrid test is irrigated at Belle Mina and Headland and a preliminary test is irrigated at Tallassee. Locations and cultural practices for all tests are given in Table 1. No Early or Preliminary tests were conducted this year. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES All tests are laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicate plots for each variety at each location. Rows are 30 to 36 inches apart, depending on location. Two-row plots are used, and both rows are harvested. Plots are 20 to 30 feet long, depending on location. The target plant population for the tests is 20,000 plants per acre with a seeding rate of 23,000 seeds per acre. The irrigated tests at Belle Mina, Tallassee and Headland are seeded to achieve 30,000 plants per acre, but are thinned to 25,000 plants per acre. Grain yields are adjusted to 15.5 percent moisture and converted to bushels (56 lbs) per acre. Stalks broken or leaning more than 45 degrees are considered lodged. The mid-silk data show the number of days from planting until approximately half the plants in the plots are showing silks. The Regular Corn Hybrid tests also are examined for disease incidence at selected locations each year. When virus or other disease symptoms indicate crop damage, disease ratings are compiled and published in this report. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All test were conducted in randomized complete block designs and analyzed accordingly. It is important to keep in mind that genotype x environment interaction is common in multi-year and multi-location mean. This interaction usually is an indication that the relative rankings of varieties change from one environment to the next. Thus, one cannot draw widespread conclusions if the interaction is significant. INTERPRETATION OF DATA In replicated experiments such as those reported here, yields from each of the four replicate plots of a particular variety at a given location will be slightly different, because of inherent differences in productivity among those plots. These differences in yield among replicate plots are known as random variation. Given this situation, it is clearly necessary to have a method to determine whether differences among hybrids are "true" or "real" differences, or whether they are due to random variation. To do this a statistical analysis was conducted to determine a "least significant difference" (LSD) by comparing the differences among varieties with random variation. If the difference in yield between two hybrids is larger than the LSD, then the difference is probably real, but if the difference is less than the LSD, it may not be real. If the 3 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 difference between two hybrids is less than, but close to the LSD, then there is still a chance that it is real, but if it is considerably smaller than the LSD, then it is probably not real and mainly due to random variation. With this in mind, it is very important to study differences in hybrid yields in relation to the LSD which is provided at the bottom of the table for each of the current year yield columns at each location. Clearly, LSD's vary from one location to another. This is because random variation varies among locations and from year to year. The coefficient of variation (CV) is a reflection of random variation, and is reported below the LSD values in the tables. If the CV is low, a precise or reliable test is indicated. Ideally, the CV should be below 10 percent, but CV's of 10 to 20 percent are acceptable. Values for the CV above 20 percent indicate a rather unreliable test, which may have been caused by factors such as disease variation among replicates, etc. In comparing yield potential of two hybrids it is important to consider a wide range of results. Do not focus on results from only one year at one location. Two- and three-year average yields are provided by location and region. These are more useful guides than yields from only one year. However, other factors may deserve consideration. For example, differences between the highest and the lowest yield of a hybrid across several locations may be an indication of the stability of its yield under variable conditions, or what is the "risk level" of the variety. Differences in yield of hybrids among locations will be a result of the combined effects of differences among locations in soil, weather (mainly rainfall), planting date, weed control, and other factors. To assist in estimating which factors most likely had the greatest effect on yield differences among locations, planting dates and cultural practices (Table 1), rainfall records (Table 18) and soil types (Table 19) are provided. This information also serves as a guide for assessing conditions to which results may be extrapolated. TABLE 1. LOCATIONS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR THE 2003 CORN HYBRID TRIALS Location NORTHERN ALABAMA Tennessee Valley Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Belle Mina) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 24 175 Regular test (irrigated). March 25 210 Sand Mountain Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Crossville) Regular test April 3 135 CENTRAL ALABAMA E.V. Smith Research Center (Shorter) No-Till Early corn test March 25 140 20,000 August 21 Atrazine/Dual 20,000 25,000 20,000 August 22 August 26 September 12 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Atrazine/Dual Planting date Nitrogen Rate† lbs/ac Plant pop. seeds/ac Date harvested Herbicides used Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) April 17 120 Black Belt Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Marion Junction) April 26 150 SOUTHERN ALABAMA Brewton Experiment Field (Brewton) March 24 140 Wiregrass Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Headland) Regular test (non-irrigated) March 31 180 Regular test (irrigated) March 31 250 Gulf Coast Res. and Ext. Ctr. (Fairhope) Regular test Lost - hurricane † 20,000 20,000 August 28 August 26 Atrazine Atrazine 20,000 20,000 25,000 August 26 September 2 August 28 Atrazine/Dual Atrazine Atrazine Lime, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, and sulfur were applied according to soil test recommendations. 4 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 2. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Brand name - hybrid SS 900 BT Pioneer 31G98 Pioneer 31R88 Garst/AgriPro 8222IT Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 5515 Terral TV23R15n Pioneer 34B24 AgraTech 733RR Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2155Bt SS 781CL Pioneer 32W86 Garst/AgriPro 8288 Dekalb DKC69-70 (YG) SS 842RR Dyna-Gro 58K22 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------190 189 179 176 177 170 173 173 167 173 161 153 158 161 162 162 162 165 171 173 175 176 181 175 169 29.7 37.5 5.7 7.8 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.8 0.4 TABLE 3. 2003 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA Belle Mina 242 212 238 231 236 220 218 209 206 211 Crossville 226 249 219 221 211 223 218 222 224 216 2003 regional averages Husk TestYield 234 231 228 226 224 222 218 215 215 214 Lodging -- % -- Brand name - hybrid SS 900 BT Dekalb DKC 64-11 Pioneer 31G98 Dekalb DKC 69-71 SS 842RR Pioneer 33R77 Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst 8350 YG1 Garst 8230IT Terral TV2140 weight lb/bu Mid-silk cover1 mo-day Harvest moisture -- % -- ---------- bu/acre ----------- 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.5 57 58 59 58 56 57 56 58 56 58 6-16 6-17 6-19 6-23 6-18 6-17 6-17 6-16 6-18 6-18 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 16.2 13.9 15.0 17.0 16.8 15.6 14.7 14.3 15.9 15.6 continued 5 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 3. 2003 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, CONTINUED Belle Mina 219 212 208 200 214 217 216 213 214 238 209 200 201 213 197 201 202 201 207 203 198 196 215 191 201 206 193 196 199 197 196 191 193 170 158 207 15.6 2.7 Crossville 207 213 216 223 208 204 203 206 202 178 204 206 205 192 205 201 199 197 189 187 189 187 168 190 178 173 185 181 177 175 167 168 160 178 179 198 41.5 7.5 2003 regional averages Husk TestYield 213 213 212 211 211 211 210 210 208 208 206 203 203 202 201 201 200 199 198 195 194 192 191 190 189 189 189 188 188 186 182 179 177 174 168 203 22.2 3.9 Lodging -- % -- Brand name - hybrid Terral TV26BR10n Dyna-Gro 58K22 Garst ND200YG1 Garst/AgriPro 8222IT Terral TV2160Bt Dekalb DKC 63-24 SS 692 BT Dekalb DKC69-70 (YG) Pioneer 31G66 Pioneer 32W86 Pioneer 33M54 Garst 8118RR Terral TV25B30 Pioneer 31R88 Garst/AgriPro 8288 SS 753 BT/CL Terral TV26B23 Pioneer 33V15 Pioneer 34B23 Terral TV2130 Pioneer 34B24 SS 781CL Dekalb DKC 61-42 Terral TV23R15n Terral TV2155Bt Terral TV2140nRR AgraTech 733RR Dyna-Gro 5515 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dyna-Gro 5545 AgraTech 719RR Terral TV24R10 Dyna-Gro 58K15 AgraTech 803RR AgraTech EXP 31603 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) weight lb/bu Mid-silk cover1 mo-day Harvest moisture -- % -- ---------- bu/acre ----------- 0.0 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.4 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1 1.6 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.1 58 57 57 59 58 58 59 58 58 60 60 56 59 59 58 59 59 61 59 57 59 59 58 58 59 57 57 57 58 56 57 59 58 59 58 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-18 6-16 6-17 6-21 6-17 6-18 6-16 6-23 6-17 6-17 6-16 6-17 6-16 6-16 6-17 6-18 6-18 6-17 6-16 6-18 6-16 6-18 6-17 6-20 6-17 6-15 6-16 6-18 6-19 6-17 6-17 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 14.4 14.5 16.9 16.5 16.4 14.3 14.2 18.4 15.4 14.6 15.8 17.0 16.1 15.8 15.7 15.0 15.8 14.5 13.9 15.5 13.8 14.9 14.9 14.5 15.0 16.0 15.0 14.9 15.5 14.9 14.4 16.9 14.8 17.3 14.7 6 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 4. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 SS 900 BT Dyna-Gro 5515 Pioneer 31R88 Terral TV2160Bt Garst/AgriPro 8222IT SS 842RR Pioneer 32W86 Terral TV2140nRR Dyna-Gro 58K22 Dekalb DKC69-70 (YG) Garst/AgriPro 8288 Terral TV23R15n Terral TV2155Bt AgraTech 733RR SS 781CL Pioneer 34B24 Pioneer 33R77 Garst ND200YG1 Pioneer 31G66 Terral TV2130 Dekalb DKC 61-42 Garst 8230IT Terral TV2140 Dekalb DKC 69-71 AgraTech 719RR Dyna-Gro 5518 Dyna-Gro 5545 Dekalb DKC 63-24 Terral TV25B30 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ------- bu/acre ------ Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ---------- % --------- Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover1 2.5 1.5 1.5 2.3 1.8 1.3 2.3 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.3 2.0 1.8 3.3 2.8 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.5 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.8 Harvest moisture -- % -- 234 227 219 218 216 215 234 236 221 220 220 211 253 238 236 234 230 226 226 224 221 215 202 256 254 220 240 221 231 255 261 243 245 241 237 218 225 209 219 208 254 250 248 245 242 240 240 238 233 232 232 231 230 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.4 0.7 1.6 0.7 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.4 1.7 2.6 0.4 1.6 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.9 1.9 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 2.3 3.8 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 2.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.5 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 58 55 59 58 58 59 55 60 55 55 57 58 57 58 58 59 58 57 58 59 57 57 56 55 58 56 56 54 58 60 6-18 6-17 6-17 6-19 6-17 6-17 6-19 6-17 6-19 6-18 6-20 6-13 6-15 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-15 6-17 6-19 6-19 6-17 6-16 6-16 6-18 6-18 6-18 6-18 6-15 6-16 6-17 16.0 17.6 16.6 19.7 18.5 18.5 19.0 16.0 17.3 17.1 20.5 15.7 16.2 18.4 16.2 15.7 15.0 16.5 19.6 17.7 16.9 15.2 18.8 17.2 19.9 15.6 17.0 17.5 14.7 18.1 continued 7 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 4. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 2001-2003, CONTINUED Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Terral TV26B23 SS 753 BT/CL Terral TV26BR10n Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 33V15 Dyna-Gro 58K15 Garst 8118RR Garst 8350 YG1 Pioneer 34B23 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dekalb DKC 64-11 Terral TV24R10 SS 692 BT AgraTech EXP 31603 AgraTech 803RR Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ------ bu/acre ------ Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 --------- % -------- Test- Midweight silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover1 1.5 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.3 2.0 1.5 2.8 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.0 Harvest moisture -- % -- 230 230 226 226 225 225 225 223 222 219 219 216 212 210 200 221 226 231 15.6 19.7 24.2 2.5 3.1 3.7 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 4.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 58 58 57 61 59 59 55 58 59 58 57 59 59 57 59 6-17 6-17 6-17 6-16 6-18 6-18 6-20 6-16 6-17 6-14 6-16 6-14 6-13 6-14 6-17 19.9 16.7 16.8 17.1 16.2 17.6 20.1 15.7 14.3 15.8 15.6 19.5 16.3 14.9 20.5 8 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 5. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN AT PRATTVILLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2160Bt Pioneer 32R25 Dyna-Gro 5515 Terral TV2140nRR Dyna-Gro 58K22 Terral TV23R15n Terral TV2155Bt Terral TV2140 Dyna-Gro 5518 Terral TV26BR10n Garst ND200YG1 Dyna-Gro 58K15 Pioneer 33M54 Terral TV2130 Pioneer 31G66 Terral TV26B23 Pioneer 33V15 Garst 8230IT Terral TV25B30 Terral TV24R10 Dyna-Gro 5545 Garst 8118RR Dyna-Gro 58K56 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ------ bu/acre ----- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ---------- % --------- Husk Testweight Mid-silk cover1 lb/bu mo-day Harvest moisture -- % -- 211 194 199 184 203 192 187 188 204 202 196 196 193 192 190 190 186 185 185 184 176 175 174 172 141 155 190 10.4 13.1 19.9 2.5 3.0 3.7 148 141 139 137 161 150 155 152 162 156 154 147 3.4 4.2 9.2 2.9 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 58 58 57 57 55 55 58 59 55 55 57 56 57 60 56 56 59 60 54 60 59 55 53 57 6-19 6-19 6-20 6-20 6-19 6-20 6-18 6-18 6-18 6-19 6-19 6-17 6-19 6-16 6-18 6-19 6-17 6-18 6-21 6-17 6-18 6-19 6-23 6-18 1.8 2.3 2.8 2.3 1.0 1.8 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.5 2.5 2.0 1.3 1.5 2.3 2.5 1.3 1.3 2.5 2.3 1.3 14.5 15.4 14.9 14.3 15.7 15.9 14.4 14.8 15.7 15.5 14.4 16.6 14.4 14.6 14.4 15.0 15.4 14.1 16.9 14.1 15.9 15.5 17.7 16.3 9 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 6. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR CORN VIRUS TEST AT MARION JUNCTION IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 5515 Pioneer 32R25 Terral TV26BR10n Terral TV23R15n Garst 8118RR Garst 8230IT Terral TV24R10 Terral TV2155Bt Dyna-Gro 58K22 Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2130 Terral TV25B30 Terral TV26B23 Dyna-Gro 58K15 Dyna-Gro 58K56 Terral TV2140 Pioneer 33M54 Pioneer 31G66 Pioneer 33V15 Dyna-Gro 5518 Dyna-Gro 5545 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ------ bu/acre ----- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 --------- %---------- Testweight Mid-silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover1 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Harvest moisture -- % -- 64 68 60 52 78 59 83 64 55 69 48 52 68 62 61 58 56 53 53 52 50 47 43 83 64 59 19.5 20.3 21.9 7.4 11.0 13.1 85 83 82 80 66 69 65 56 86 75 73 71 63 55 50 45 5.0 4.4 3.5 9.8 3.6 1.9 0.9 6.3 0.0 1.4 2.2 1.6 2.3 7.0 7.5 6.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.0 55 57 57 54 57 57 56 53 59 56 53 53 54 59 58 57 60 53 59 55 58 54 56 13.1 13.5 13.4 12.8 12.7 13.9 16.2 13.1 15.1 13.8 14.4 15.6 14.2 13.5 14.0 12.5 15.0 12.8 13.9 13.0 12.8 14.9 14.0 10 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 7. ONE, TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR THE EARLY NO-TILL CORN TEST AT SHORTER IN CENTRAL ALABAMA, 2001-2003. Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2160Bt Terral TV26BR10n Terral TV2155Bt Terral TV23R15n Terral TV24R10 Pioneer 32R25 Pioneer 31G98 Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst 8118RR Pioneer 33M54 Garst 8230IT Pioneer 31G66 Dyna-Gro 58K15 Terral TV2140 Dyna-Gro 5545 Dyna-Gro 58K22 Terral TV2130 Pioneer 33V15 Dyna-Gro 5515 Dyna-Gro 58K56 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ----- bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 --------- % --------- Testweight Mid-silk lb/bu mo-day Husk cover ‡ Harvest moisture -- % -- † 180 180 180 168 147 156 196 192 191 189 188 188 187 186 185 184 181 175 173 172 156 145 179 12.8 22.3 2.9 4.4 154 153 150 143 135 134 † 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 56 59 57 59 58 60 59 59 56 57 60 57 57 58 56 56 56 57 60 58 60 6-13 6-10 6-10 6-9 6-12 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-14 6-8 6-11 6-8 6-9 6-9 6-9 6-10 6-10 6-9 6-12 6-10 24.3 23.6 23.3 22.6 22.4 23.7 22.6 23.0 24.2 26.2 23.2 24.5 23.0 22.0 24.4 23.2 23.9 22.1 21.5 22.4 23.9 † There were no varieteis in common between the 2003 and the 2001 test ‡ Husk ratings were not taken at this location 11 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 8. TWO- AND THREE-YEAR YIELD AND LODGING AVERAGES FOR YELLOW CORN IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 32R25 Dyna-Gro 5515 Terral TV2160Bt Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2155Bt Garst/AgriPro 8288 Terral TV23R15n Dyna-Gro 58K22 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) Grain yield 3-yr 2-yr ---------- bu/acre --------126 121 124 123 124 123 118 112 115 121 121 121 123 123 120 18.4 24.8 4.7 7.1 % stalks lodging 3-yr 2-yr ---------- % ----------1.4 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.2 3.5 2.7 4.3 5.2 4.0 1.0 1.3 5.7 12 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 9. 2003 YIELD OF CORN HYBRIDS BY LOCATION AND REGIONAL AVERAGES OF HYBRID CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUTHERN ALABAMA Fair- Brew- Headhope ton land Yield ----------- bu/acre ------------ Brand name - hybrid Dekalb DKC 69-71 AgraTech EXP 31610 Terral TV2140 Pioneer 31G66 Terral TV26BR10n Pioneer 33M54 Terral TV23R15n Dyna-Gro 58K22 Dyna-Gro 5518 Garst ND200YG1 Dekalb DKC 67-60 Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 58K15 Terral TV2130 Garst/AgriPro 8288 Terral TV24R10 Pioneer 32R25 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Dyna-Gro 5515 Garst 8230IT Terral TV25B30 Pioneer 31G98 Terral TV26B23 Terral TV2140nRR AgraTech 905RR Dyna-Gro 5545 Terral TV2155Bt Dyna-Gro 58K56 AgraTech 1701 AgraTech 803RR Pioneer 33V15 Test Average LSD 0.05 CV (%) † 2003 regional averages Husk LodgTesting weight Mid-silk cover1 -- % -lb/bu mo-day Harvest moist. -- % -- † 152 155 142 154 147 147 146 142 140 151 146 142 145 139 145 130 140 138 140 138 143 140 134 134 130 144 139 125 128 127 133 140 23.5 6.0 175 165 175 162 168 168 164 168 165 155 160 162 158 160 153 167 156 156 153 154 149 151 156 150 152 137 139 148 143 143 136 156 26.1 6.0 164 160 158 158 158 157 155 155 153 153 153 152 152 150 149 149 148 147 147 146 146 146 145 142 141 141 139 137 136 135 134 148 17.6 4.2 3.3 0.6 7.8 3.8 4.0 4.0 1.1 6.8 5.8 5.1 4.1 5.3 5.3 4.0 1.9 10.3 4.4 4.9 3.3 5.0 0.8 6.0 5.1 7.1 4.3 3.9 7.0 2.0 7.0 4.1 7.3 59 59 56 56 56 58 57 56 55 56 56 56 57 55 57 58 55 55 57 55 58 56 58 55 55 55 56 58 55 58 58 6-4 6-4 6-4 6-3 5-11 6-3 6-3 6-2 6-3 6-3 6-5 6-4 6-4 5-16 6-2 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-5 6-5 6-2 6-4 6-3 6-5 6-3 6-4 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-4 6-2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 16.3 15.7 15.2 15.7 15.2 15.9 15.1 15.0 15.3 15.8 16.2 15.4 15.2 15.2 15.6 16.2 15.7 15.4 15.4 15.6 16.0 15.4 15.7 15.2 15.1 15.0 15.8 16.2 15.0 16.0 15.9 This test was severely lodged and lost due to a hurricane 13 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 10. IRRIGATED CORN HYBRID PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS, HEADLAND, ALABAMA, 2001-2003 Grain yield Brand name - hybrid Pioneer 31G98 Pioneer 32R25 Dyna-Gro 5515 Terral TV2160Bt Dyna-Gro 58K22 Garst/AgriPro 8288 Terral TV23R15n Terral TV2140nRR Terral TV2155Bt Terral TV2140 Garst ND200YG1 Dekalb DKC 69-71 Dyna-Gro 5518 Pioneer 33M54 Terral TV2130 AgraTech EXP 31610 Pioneer 31G66 Terral TV26BR10n Dekalb DKC 67-60 Dekalb DKC 66-80 Garst 8230IT Terral TV24R10 Dyna-Gro 58K15 Terral TV26B23 AgraTech 1701 AgraTech 905RR Terral TV25B30 AgraTech 803RR Dyna-Gro 58K56 Pioneer 33V15 Dyna-Gro 5545 Test Average LSD0.05 CV (%) 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ------ bu/acre ------- Lodging 3-yr 2-yr 2003 ---------- % --------- Husk Harvest Testweight Mid-silk cover1 moisture lb/bu mo-day -- % -- 190 200 168 149 194 177 178 178 150 202 202 200 197 195 191 187 185 185 179 178 178 177 174 172 171 168 166 165 165 164 163 178 166 179 14.7 14.4 18.2 2.6 3.0 3.6 189 187 175 163 171 172 166 151 177 174 167 166 151 1.2 0.3 2.0 6.2 1.3 0.5 1.6 9.4 3.1 1.7 0.8 2.0 4.2 2.5 1.0 2.5 13.5 3.0 1.5 1.5 4.0 7.0 1.5 2.5 4.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 6.0 3.5 3.0 4.5 1.5 9.0 2.5 3.5 1.5 9.0 2.5 0.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.5 57 57 56 58 55 58 57 55 59 55 58 59 55 58 56 60 57 58 58 57 53 61 56 60 54 55 60 60 61 59 55 6-7 6-8 6-9 6-7 6-7 6-6 6-7 6-7 6-10 6-9 6-8 6-7 6-7 6-9 6-8 6-7 6-4 6-8 6-9 6-9 6-8 6-6 6-8 6-4 6-7 6-7 6-10 6-9 6-8 6-5 6-5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 13.4 14 ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION TABLE 11. GROWING SEASON RAINFALL, 2001-2003. Location Year Belle Mina 2003 2002 2001 Crossville 2003 2002 2001 Shorter 2003 2002 2001 Prattville 2003 2002 2001 Marion Junction 2003 2002 2001 Brewton 2003 2002 2001 Fairhope 2003 2002 2001 Headland 2003 2002 2001 6.0 5.2 12.6 9.2 3.4 2.5 3.4 2.9 2.1 8.8 3.9 11.6 7.5 4.1 3.3 6.1 3.1 3.9 4.7 2.9 3.7 45.7 25.5 39.7 5.2 4.2 8.7 3.1 3.1 0.3 5.8 2.3 0.6 9.5 3.4 13.8 18.4 10.8 15.7 5.2 5.8 0.1 3.7 14.8 4.7 50.9 44.4 43.9 6.3 5.3 16.0 7.4 2.2 3.0 9.4 1.8 1.5 8.1 12.4 9.5 11.5 12.4 4.8 13.2 5.7 7.8 5.9 11.5 3.4 61.8 51.3 46.0 3.4 5.3 11.5 10.4 1.0 5.4 7.7 4.6 2.5 9.2 3.6 5.3 7.9 6.5 4.1 7.3 4.3 6.6 2.1 9.1 3.7 48.0 34.4 39.1 5.2 5.8 13.1 8.8 1.4 3.8 4.8 2.6 2.9 7.4 1.9 5.1 6.8 4.2 4.0 8.0 2.2 9.6 2.2 6.2 2.4 43.2 24.3 40.9 6.7 6.5 13.8 9.1 3.6 6.0 6.0 2.5 3.6 6.6 5.6 7.1 7.8 2.3 3.1 6.9 1.9 2.4 4.5 4.6 1.6 47.6 27.0 37.6 4.4 7.8 8.4 5.1 3.0 2.7 12.6 4.8 5.2 4.0 1.9 1.0 4.8 4.5 4.7 5.9 2.0 4.5 3.9 8.9 3.7 40.7 32.9 30.2 2.2 5.5 5.8 4.3 1.5 3.9 9.8 10.3 6.4 5.0 0.9 8.8 4.6 4.5 4.3 3.0 1.7 3.2 8.6 5.3 5.6 37.5 29.7 38.0 ---------------------------- Monthly rainfall in inches --------------------------Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. 7-month total 15 EVALUATIONS OF CORN HYBRIDS IN ALABAMA 2003 TABLE 12. SOIL TYPES FOR CORN TRIALS, 2003 Test location North Soil type Belle Mina ................................ ................................ ................. Decatur silt loam Crossville ................................ ................................ ................... Wynnville fine sandy loam Central Tallassee ................................ .................................................... Cahaba loamy sand Shorter ................................ ................................ ....................... Norfolk sandy loam Prattville ................................................................ ..................... Lucedale fine sandy loam Marion Junction ................................ ................................ ......... Vaiden clay South Brewton ................................................................ ..................... Benndale fine sandy loam Headland ................................ .................................................... Dothan sandy loam Fairhope ................................................................ ..................... Malbis fine sandy loam SOURCES OF 2003 CORN HYBRID TRIAL SEED Seed Company AgraTech Seeds P.O. Box 88823 Dunwoody, GA 30356 Garst Seed Company 761Walnut Knoll Lane Memphis, TN 38018 Monsanto Company 3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115 Southern States P.O. Box 26230 Richmond, VA 23260 Brand AgraTech Seed Company Pioneer Hi-Bred Int., Inc. 6767 Old Madison Pike Huntsville, AL 35806 Terral Seed P.O. Box 826 Lake Providence, LA 71254 UAP Southeast 25324 HSV-Brownsferry Rd Madison, AL 35756 Brand Pioneer Garst, TV Dekalb DK Dyna-Gro SS