1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

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ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

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Table of Contents
Page
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Data Explanation ................................................................................................................................... 5 Discussion ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Location, Planting, and Harvest Dates for 1997-98 Small Grain Tests ................................................ 6 Characteristices of Small Grains Tested in Northern Alabama, Three-Year Summary ....................... 7 Performance of Small Grains at Belle Mina, Alabama, 1998 ............................................................... 8 Performance of Small Grains at Crossville, Alabama, 1998 ............................................................... 10 Performance of Small Grains at Winfield, Alabama, 1998 .................................................................. 11 Characteristices of Small Grains Tested in Central Alabama, Three-Year Summary ........................ 13 Performance of Small Grains at Prattville, Alabama, 1998 ................................................................. 14 Performance of Small Grains at Tallassee, Alabama, 1998 ................................................................ 15 Characteristices of Small Grains Tested in Southern Alabama, Three-Year Summary ..................... 16 Performance of Small Grains at Camden, Alabama, 1998 ................................................................ 17 Performance of Small Grains at Monroeville, Alabama, 1998 ............................................................ 18 Performance of Small Grains at Headland, Alabama, 1998................................................................ 19 Performance of Small Grains at Fairhope, Alabama, 1998 ................................................................. 20 Disease Ratings Septoria Blotch Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 .......................................... 21 Leaf Rust Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 ................................................... 21 Powdery Mildew Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 ....................................... 22 Barley Yellow Dwarf Ratings for Wheat Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 ................................. 22 Disease Ratings for Oat Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 ........................................................... 23 Disease Ratings for Triticale Varieties in Alabama, 1997-98 .................................................... 23 Disease Ratings for Barley Varieties in NorthernAlabama, 1997-98 ....................................... 23 Sources of Seed .................................................................................................................................. 24 Appendix .............................................................................................................................................. 26

Information contained herein is available to all persons regardless of race, color, sex, or national origin.

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Acknowledgments
Appreciation is expressed to Mien-Huei Tzeng, Research Data Analysis, for the computation and summarization of data in this report. Appreciation is also expressed to the following supervisory personnel of the outlying units whose support is gratefully acknowledged: Northern Alabama Tennessee Valley Substation, Belle Mina .......................................................... B.E. Norris, Jr., Supt. H.E. Burgess, Assoc. Supt. Sand Mountain Substation, Crossville ................................................................. R.A. Dawkins, Supt. M.E. Ruf, Asst. Supt. Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield ............................................................... R.C. Rawls, Supt. Central Alabama Black Belt Substation, Marion Junction .............................................................. J.L. Holliman, Supt. Prattville Experiment Field ...................................................................................... D.P. Moore, Supt. E.V. Smith Research Center ..................................................................................... J. S. Bannon, Dir. Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee .................................................................... S.P. Nightengale, Supt.

Southern Alabama Monroeville Experiment Field ............................................................................... J.R. Akridge, Supt. Gulf Coast Substation, Fairhope ........................................................................ N.R. McDaniel, Supt. M.D. Pegues, Asst. Supt. Lower Coastal Plain Substation, Camden .................................................................. J.A. Little, Supt. P.A. Rose, Asst. Supt. Wiregrass Substation, Headland ............................................................................... L.W. Wells, Supt. B.E. Gamble, Asst. Supt.

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

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The 1998 Alabama Performance Comparison of Small Grain Varieties
K. M. Glass and P. L. Mask1

INTRODUCTION
The large number of commercially available varieties of wheat, oat, rye, barley, and triticale makes it difficult for growers to select varieties most suited for forage production in their particular area of Alabama. Making this decision requires up-to-date, unbiased, reliable information on varietal yields and characteristics. This report is published annually to provide Alabama growers with this information. Entries in each experiment are determined by the companies or institutes which control each variety, or line, not by experiment station personnel. Data from tests conducted at nine locations were used to compile this report. These locations represent the varied growing conditions farmers have around Alabama.

PROCEDURE
The experimental design for the tests was a split plot design with species as the main plot and varieties as subplots. Plots were 5 feet by 20 feet with rows spaced 7 inches apart. A cone drill was used to plant all tests in the State. Each variety was replicated three times in each test. The trials were divided into two management systems: grain only and forage only. Grain only: These tests are normally planted during late October to early November, which is approximately one month later than the forage tests. Planting dates for all tests in 1997 are shown in table 1. All tests were fertilized with P and K according to soil test plus 20 pounds N per acre at planting with a top dressing of 60 pounds N per acre in late February or early March, just before jointing. The plots were not sprayed to control disease so that the varieties could be rated for their inherent disease resistance. The grain was allowed to mature and was harvested with a plot combine. The grain was cleaned and weighed. Moisture and bushel test weight were measured. Forage only: These tests are normally planted in late September to early October. Tests were fertilized at planting with 100 pounds N per acre and clipped with a flail-type mower each time they reached six inches in height. A sample was weighed green from each plot, then dried and reweighed. The percent dry matter figure from these weights was used to calculate dry forage matter per acre. The test was top dressed in February with 60 pounds N per acre and clipping was continued until no regrowth occurred.

DATA EXPLANATION
Grain yields were calculated by weighing air-dried grain and using 60 pounds per bushel for wheat, 32 pounds per bushel for oat, 48 pounds per bushel for barley, and 50 pounds per bushel for triticale. Lodging was measured as the percent of plants in the stand broken or leaning that would likely be missed by a combine. Height was measured from the ground to top of the grain head. The 1/10 headed date is the date when approximately 10 percent of a plot showed fully emerged heads. Disease ratings for all 1997-98 variety trials are summarized by region in tables 14 through 20. Katherine Burch, Research Associate, Plant Pathology, made disease ratings at all locations. At the time of mid-season ratings, disease incidence and severity were generally lower across the state than in 1997. On wheat, incidence of leaf rust and powdery mildew and the viral disease barley yellow dwarf was lower throughout the state, while levels of Septoria
1

Glass is an Agricultural Program Associate and Mask is an Associate Professor in the Auburn University Department of Agronomy and Soils.

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leaf blotch remained mostly unchanged from the previous year. On oat, levels of Helminthosporium leaf spot were higher in northern and central Alabama and unchanged from last year in the southern region. Barley yellow dwarf was observed to be lower throughout the state, while incidence of crown rust was higher. Stem rust on oat was present on most varieties at the Gulf Coast and Wiregrass Substations. On triticale, low levels of leaf rust and Septoria blotch were observed on entries at most locations while incidence of barley yellow dwarf was much lower compared to 1997. On barley, spot blotch and Septoria blotch developed at low to moderate levels on the entries at all locations. Leaf rust of barley was observed at moderate to high levels in all entries at the Upper Coastal Plain Substation.

DISCUSSION
Growing conditions and variety performance often vary among locations and years. Regional averages and multiple-year averages are given here to use as a better indicator for performance comparison. The 1995-96 growing season was much colder than normal which severely reduced yields on some varieties at all locations. Oat varieties were especially affected and several varieties were winter killed. In the 1996-97 growing season, all locations had wet conditions, causing delayed harvest at some locations and possibly reducing yields in some varieties. Both lodging and bird damage was moderate to severe in oats at most central and southern locations. The 1997-98 growing season was a mild, wet fall and winter with a dry spring. Both the forage- and grain-only trials were not planted at the Black Belt Substation, Marion Junction, due to dry then wet conditions during planting season. There was herbicide injury on the grain-only trial at Upper Coastal Plain Substation, Winfield. It was determined that the trial data were invalid and therefore not reported. Neither Marion Junction nor Winfield were included in the two- and three-year averages for their regions.

TABLE 1. LOCATION , PLANTING , AND HARVEST DATES FOR 1997-98 SMALL G RAIN TESTS
Location Northern Alabama Tennessee Valley Substation (Belle Mina) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Sand Mountain Substation (Crossville) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Upper Coastal Plain Substation (Winfield) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Central Alabama Black Belt Substation (Marion Junction) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only E.V. Smith Res. Ctr., Plant Breeding Unit (Tallassee) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Prattville Experiment Field (Prattville) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Southern Alabama Gulf Coast Substation (Fairhope) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Monroeville Experiment Field (Monroeville) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Lower Coastal Plain Substation (Camden) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Wiregrass Substation (Headland) Small grain forage only Small grain grain only Date planted October 21 November 20 October 23 November 5 October 16 October 16 Date harvested

June 17 June 11 June 16

Not planted Not planted October 8 November 19 October 16 November 18

Not harvested May 26 May 28

October 23 October 23 November 11 November 11 November 10 November 10 October 20 November 20

May 15 May 28 May 21 May 21

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES Average yield/ac. ——Grain only1—— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
bu. bu. bu.

7 ————1998 average———— Lodg- Height 1/10 Test wt. ing headed
pct. in. date lb./bu.

TABLE 2. CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL G RAINS T ESTED IN NORTHERN A LABAMA, T HREE-YEAR SUMMARY
Brand-Variety Average yield/ac. ———Forage only——— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
lb. lb. lb.

Wheat Jackson Madison Wakefield Clemson 201 Pioneer 2684 Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2691 GA Dozier Florida 304 FFR 518 W Northrup King 9704 Jaypee VA 94-54-479 Pocahontas Roberts Hartz H 1551 Northrup King 9663 Roane AR 494B-2-2 Pioneer XW 662 AR 584A-3-1 Pioneer XW 663 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Simpson Harrison Chapman Ga Mitchell Dallas Ozark Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Barley Nomini GA Luttrell Starling Callao Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Maton Oklon Bonel Wren’s 96
1

72 62 65 72 63 65 69 51 52 74 72 70 70 68 67 67 66 65 65 63 62 62 65 7 8 105 87 81 97 100 98 95 12 9 87 81 83 93 86 15 12 – – – –

67 59 56 63 56 58 58 51 45 62 64 – – – 63 – 63 – – – – – 59 14 18 87 65 52 60 – – 66 13 15 87 89 84 84 86 18 15 – – – –

59 53 50 50 50 48 48 46 38 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 49 14 20 72 53 47 46 – – 55 13 17 71 70 68 67 69 16 17 – – – –

– 2,280 2,646 – – – – 2,462 2,305 – – – – – 2,436 – – – – – 2,527 – 2,443 378 11 – 1,920 2,602 2,134 2,396 2,587 2,328 484 15 – – – – – – – 3,268 3,114 2,840 2,928

– 2,656 2,629 – – – – 2,665 2,278 – – – – – 2,476 – – – – – – – 2,541 502 14 – 1,991 2,034 1,876 – – 1,967 417 16 – – – – – – – 3,769 3,620 3,412 2,999

– 2,544 2,507 – – – – 2,554 2,056 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2,415 404 12 – 2,169 2,097 1,881 – – 2,049 395 14 – – – – – – – 4,085 3,808 3,645 3,011

4 0 0 0 0 0 8 10 2 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 – – 68 45 78 40 76 83 65 – – 17 30 52 64 41 – – – – – –

36 34 38 36 34 29 32 33 36 33 31 33 31 34 32 35 40 34 39 36 37 37 34 – – 40 42 35 36 39 40 39 – – 36 33 35 31 33 – – – – – –

4-24 4-21 4-26 4-24 4-19 4-21 4-17 4-23 4-22 4-21 4-20 4-17 4-19 4-21 4-18 4-25 4-24 4-27 4-27 4-22 4-22 4-22 – – – 4-28 4-27 4-25 4-28 4-29 4-28 – – – 4-15 4-14 4-18 4-15 – – – – – – –

52.4 53.1 50.9 52.9 55.5 54.5 53.2 52.1 51.3 52.3 55.3 54.8 53.1 50.5 51.9 52.1 55.7 56.1 54.7 52.4 53.6 53.9 53.3 – – 30.9 34.0 29.4 33.8 31.4 32.8 32.1 – – 32.9 36.9 40.0 41.3 37.8 – – – – – –

Belle Mina and Crossville on grain-only trial.

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TABLE 2, CONTINUED. CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL GRAINS TESTED IN NORTHERN ALABAMA , THREE -YEAR SUMMARY
Brand-Variety Average yield/ac. ——Grain only1—— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
bu. bu. bu.

Average yield/ac. ———Forage only——— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
lb. lb. lb.

————1998 average———— Lodg- Height 1/10 Test wt. ing headed
pct. in. date lb./bu.

Rye, continued Wren’s Abruzzi AL Wintergrazer 70 Elbon GI 87 Bates Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

– – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – –

2,556 3,302 3,189 3,174 3,036 3,045 493 12

2,345 – – – 3,533 3,280 490 11 – 2,607 2,607 – –

2,363 – – – – 3,382 485 11 – 2,788 2,788 – –

– – – – – – – – 16 – 16 – –

– – – – – – – – 40 – 40 – –

– – – – – – – – 4-16 – – – –

– – – – – – – – 42.8 – 42.8 – –

Triticale Trical 498 77 70 60 – Trical 2700 – – – 3,075 Test Mean 77 70 60 3,075 L.S.D. (.10) – – – – C.V. (%) – – – – 1 Belle Mina and Crossville on grain-only trial.

T ABLE 3. PERFORMANCE OF S MALL GRAINS AT BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat FFR 518 W Northrup King 9704 AR 584A-3-1 Jaypee Clemson 201 Pioneer 2691 Jackson VA 94-54-479 Roberts Pioneer XW 662 Hartz H 1551 Pioneer 2643 AR 494B-2-2 Pioneer XW 663 Pocahontas Wakefield Pioneer 2684 Northrup King 9663 Roane Madison Florida 304 GA Dozier Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

70 69 69 68 68 68 67 66 65 65 64 63 62 62 60 60 60 60 57 57 53 47 63 5 6

55.8 58.0 56.3 58.2 56.3 56.4 56.9 56.1 56.8 56.4 55.8 56.4 58.1 57.9 55.6 54.7 58.2 58.0 58.7 56.0 55.6 55.9 56.7 – –

– – – – 44 46 54 – – – – 46 – – – 50 45 – – 50 37 46 46 – –

– – 3,040 – – – – – 2,760 – – – – – – 2,955 – – – 2,741 2,608 2,818 2,820 240 6

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3,462 – – – 3,755 2,769 3,490 3,369 – –

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T ABLE 3, CONTINUED. P ERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAINS AT BELLE MINA, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Oats Ga Mitchell Dallas Simpson Ozark Harrison Chapman Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Barley GA Luttrell Callao Nomini Starling Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye GI 87 Maton Wintergrazer 70 Oklon Elbon Bonel Bates Wren’s 96 Wren’s Abruzzi AL Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

100 99 97 90 79 71 89 17 13 95 92 91 85 91 12 8 – – – – – – – – – – – – 77 – 77 – –

36.8 31.8 32.2 34.2 35.6 31.7 33.7 – – 40.5 46.8 45.3 42.0 43.7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 45.4 – 45.4 – –

42 – 74 – 48 36 50 – – 70 65 73 68 69 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 59 – 59 – –

3,040 3,673 – 3,507 3,149 3,195 3,313 485 10 – – – – – – – 4,045 4,009 3,813 3,766 3,730 3,605 3,483 3,405 3,002 3,651 372 7 – 4,049 4,049 – –

2,644 – – – 3,359 3,121 3,041 – – – – – – – – – – 5,292 – 5,036 – 4,862 – 3,926 3,395 4,502 – – – 4,301 4,301 – –

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TABLE 4. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAINS AT C ROSSVILLE, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat FFR 518 W Clemson 201 Jackson Pocahontas Northrup King 9704 Roane VA 94-54-479 Northrup King 9663 Jaypee Roberts Hartz H 1551 Pioneer 2691 Wakefield AR 494B-2-2 Madison Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2684 Pioneer XW 663 Pioneer XW 662 AR 584A-3-1 GA Dozier Florida 304 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Simpson Ozark Dallas Harrison Ga Mitchell Chapman Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Barley Callao Nomini Starling GA Luttrell Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

78 77 76 76 74 74 74 73 72 69 69 69 69 68 68 67 66 62 61 55 55 52 68 9 10 113 105 101 95 93 91 100 7 5 94 82 81 67 81 20 15

53.8 54.1 56.2 54.2 57.3 57.0 55.4 57.5 55.2 51.5 53.6 53.8 54.5 57.4 54.8 55.0 57.7 54.7 53.6 55.1 53.9 52.1 54.9 – – 33.2 34.4 34.1 36.2 35.7 31.3 34.2 – – 41.8 43.2 38.0 38.3 40.3 – –

– 56 63 – – – – – – – – 50 50 – 55 50 54 – – – 47 39 52 – – 70 – – 58 49 61 60 – – 69 70 69 71 70 – –

– – – – – – – – – 1,824 – – 1,671 – 1,430 – – – – 1,771 1,586 1,526 1,635 296 12 – 1,354 1,383 1,165 1,329 1,654 1,377 304 15 – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – 1,660 – 1,721 – – – – – 1,706 1,434 1,630 – – – – – 1,464 – 1,354 1,409 – – – – – – – – –

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TABLE 4, CONTINUED. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL G RAINS AT C ROSSVILLE, A LABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Rye Wren’s 96 GI 87 Bates Maton Elbon Wren’s Abruzzi AL Oklon Wintergrazer 70 Bonel Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

– – – – – – – – – – – – 78 – 78 – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – 45.6 – 45.6 – –

– – – – – – – – – – – 60 – 60 – –

2,509 2,391 2,313 2,265 2,235 2,173 2,098 2,065 2,015 2,229 317 10 – 2,008 2,008 – –

2,506 – – 2,717 – 1,622 2,542 – 2,588 2,395 – – – 1,787 1,787 – –

T ABLE 5. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAINS AT WINFIELD, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre1—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat Northrup King 9663 – – Madison – – Pioneer 2643 – – Northrup King 9704 – – VA 94-54-479 – – Pioneer 2684 – – Hartz H 1551 – – Pioneer XW 662 – – FFR 518 W – – AR 584A-3-1 – – Pioneer XW 663 – – AR 494B-2-2 – – Roberts – – Pioneer 2691 – – Jaypee – – Pocahontas – – Clemson 201 – – Wakefield – – Roane – – Jackson – – GA Dozier – – Florida 304 – – Test Mean – – L.S.D. (.10) – – C.V. (%) – – 1 Invalid data on the grain-only trial due to herbicide injury.

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– 2,671 – – – – – – – 2,770 – – 2,723 – – – – 3,312 – – 2,983 2,783 2,873 586 14

– 2,155 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2,399 – – 2,467 1,964 2,246 – –

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TABLE 5, CONTINUED. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAINS AT WINFIELD, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre1—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Oats Simpson Dallas Chapman Ga Mitchell Harrison Ozark Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Barley GA Luttrell Callao Nomini Starling Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Wintergrazer 70 Elbon Maton Oklon Bates GI 87 Bonel Wren’s 96 Wren’s Abruzzi AL Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– 2,132 2,956 2,032 1,446 2,900 2,293 709 20 – – – – – – – 4,029 3,600 3,530 3,478 3,313 3,087 2,901 2,870 2,493 3,256 741 16 – 3,167 3,167 – –

– – 1,815 – – – 1,815 – – – – – – – – – – – 4,245 3,846 – – 3,486 2,602 2,071 3,250 – – – 2,275 2,275 – –

Triticale Trical 498 – – Trical 2700 – – Test Mean – – L.S.D. (.10) – – C.V. (%) – – 1 Invalid data on the grain-only trial due to herbicide injury.

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T ABLE 6. CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL GRAINS TESTED IN CENTRAL ALABAMA , THREE -YEAR SUMMARY
Brand-Variety Average yield/ac. ——Grain only1—— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
bu. bu. bu.

Average yield/ac. ———Forage only——— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
lb. lb. lb.

————1998 average———— Lodg- Height 1/10 Test wt. ing headed
pct. in. date lb./bu.

Wheat Jackson Pioneer 2684 GA Dozier Pioneer 2643 Wakefield Madison Clemson 201 Pioneer 2691 Morey Florida 304 GA Stuckey AR 584A-3-1 Jaypee Roberts FFR 518 W Roane AR 494B-2-2 VA 94-54-479 Pocahontas Fleming Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Simpson Ozark Chapman Ga Mitchell Harrison Dallas Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Bonel Maton Oklon Wren’s 96 Wren’s Abruzzi AL GI 87 Bates Wintergrazer 70 Elbon Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

64 63 62 59 56 60 58 45 48 46 47 67 66 64 63 63 62 61 60 49 58 9 11 112 117 90 98 94 107 103 17 12 – – – – – – – – – – – –

59 63 60 65 49 55 59 52 55 45 49 – – 59 58 – – – – – 56 8 11 74 78 68 72 64 – 71 14 14 – – – – – – – – – – – –

69 69 69 68 62 61 59 55 54 51 50 – – – – – – – – – 61 9 11 94 93 83 83 75 – 86 14 12 – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – 3,132 – 3,390 3,226 – – – 3,549 – 3,498 – 3,895 – – – – – – 3,448 769 16 – 2,492 3,024 2,744 2,880 2,739 2,776 638 16 4,116 3,115 3,533 3,909 3,812 3,890 3,764 3,652 3,455 3,694 854 17 – 3,186 3,186 – –

– – 3,154 – 3,358 3,164 – – – 3,397 – – – 3,578 – – – – – – 3,330 689 15 – – 2,943 2,528 2,826 – 2,766 448 12 3,731 3,281 3,259 3,469 3,329 – 3,706 – – 3,462 696 15 – 2,928 2,928 – –

– – 3,011 – 3,152 3,005 – – – 3,067 – – – – – – – – – – 3,059 729 18 – – 2,652 2,288 2,649 – 2,530 404 12 3,825 3,653 3,491 3,485 3,216 – – – – 3,534 609 13 – 2,840 2,840 – –

1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 – – 0 3 0 1 4 0 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0 – 0 – –

36 35 34 30 39 35 35 31 32 35 29 39 32 34 32 33 37 33 36 32 34 – – 44 44 33 36 44 40 40 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 38 – 38 – –

4–16 4–11 4–16 4–13 4–15 4–11 4–13 4– 8 4–11 4–13 4–10 4–17 4–11 4–12 4–12 4–21 4–16 4–16 4–16 4–11 – – – 4–22 4–19 4–16 4–20 4–18 4–21 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 4–11 – – – –

57.6 60.2 57.8 57.7 54.3 57.2 55.1 55.3 54.9 55.5 54.5 55.9 58.9 57.5 55.7 55.8 56.5 54.9 56.2 58.4 56.5 – – 32.9 35.6 31.4 35.9 35.3 33.8 34.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 44.7 – 44.7 – –

Triticale Trical 498 56 67 63 Trical 2700 – – – Test Mean 56 67 63 L.S.D. (.10) – – – C.V. (%) – – – 1 Prattville and Tallassee on grain-only trial.

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TABLE 7. PERFORMANCE OF S MALL G RAINS AT PRATTVILLE, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat Jaypee Roberts Pioneer 2643 Roane Jackson GA Dozier FFR 518 W Wakefield Madison Pocahontas Pioneer 2684 AR 494B-2-2 VA 94-54-479 AR 584A-3-1 GA Stuckey Fleming Florida 304 Clemson 201 Morey Pioneer 2691 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Ozark Simpson Dallas Harrison Ga Mitchell Chapman Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Wren’s Abruzzi AL Bates GI 87 Wren’s 96 Bonel Oklon Wintergrazer 70 Elbon Maton Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

59 59 58 58 57 56 56 55 54 54 53 52 49 48 48 48 48 46 45 42 52 7 10 105 100 96 80 79 71 89 15 11 – – – – – – – – – – – – 44 – 44 – –

60.7 59.4 59.8 58.4 59.7 61.0 57.3 57.1 58.6 59.4 60.7 58.5 56.7 59.6 59.0 60.4 59.6 54.1 58.2 58.2 58.8 – – 37.1 34.7 33.8 35.9 35.6 33.1 35.0 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 48.0 – 48.0 – –

– – 65 – 65 66 – 64 63 – 63 – – – 51 – 55 54 53 53 59 – – 95 92 – 78 88 90 88 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 61 – 61 – –

– 3,627 – – – 2,942 – 3,306 3,135 – – – – 3,293 – – 3,527 – – – 3,305 697 14 2,124 – 2,230 2,377 2,952 2,796 2,496 729 19 4,297 3,815 3,753 3,726 3,484 3,351 3,197 3,063 2,919 3,512 788 16 – 3,140 3,140 – –

– – – – – 3,310 – 3,326 3,076 – – – – – – – 3,370 – – – 3,271 – – – – – 2,559 2,499 2,841 2,633 – – 3,209 – – 3,439 4,129 3,725 – – 3,898 3,680 – – – 2,580 2,580 – –

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

15

TABLE 8. PERFORMANCE OF S MALL GRAINS AT TALLASSEE , ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat AR 584A-3-1 Jaypee Pioneer 2684 VA 94-54-479 Jackson AR 494B-2-2 FFR 518 W Clemson 201 Roberts GA Dozier Roane Pocahontas Madison Pioneer 2643 Wakefield Morey Fleming Pioneer 2691 GA Stuckey Florida 304 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Ozark Simpson Dallas Ga Mitchell Chapman Harrison Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Bonel Wintergrazer 70 Wren’s 96 GI 87 Elbon Oklon Bates Wren’s Abruzzi AL Maton Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

86 74 73 73 71 71 71 69 69 69 68 66 66 60 56 52 51 48 47 44 64 10 11 129 123 119 116 108 107 117 21 12 – – – – – – – – – – – – 67 – 67 – –

52.2 57.1 59.7 53.1 55.5 54.5 54.1 56.0 55.6 54.5 53.2 52.9 55.7 55.5 51.4 51.5 56.3 52.3 50.0 51.3 54.1 – – 34.1 31.0 33.9 36.2 29.6 34.7 33.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 41.3 – 41.3 – –

– – 75 – 74 – – 63 – 71 – – 60 71 60 55 – 57 49 48 62 – – 92 96 – 78 76 73 83 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 64 – 64 – –

3,703 – – – – – – – 4,163 3,323 – – 3,317 – 3,474 – – – – 3,570 3,592 905 17 2,860 – 3,249 2,535 3,252 3,383 3,056 625 13 4,749 4,107 4,091 4,028 3,847 3,715 3,713 3,328 3,311 3,877 963 17 – 3,232 3,232 – –

– – – – – – – – – 3,481 – – 3,485 – 3,696 – – – – 3,392 3,513 – – – – – 2,492 2,852 3,086 2,810 – – 4,839 – 4,508 – – 4,435 – 3,883 4,608 4,455 – – – 3,767 3,767 – –

16 Average yield/ac. ——Grain only1—— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
bu. bu. bu.

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Average yield/ac. ———Forage only——— 1998 2-yr. 3-yr.
lb. lb. lb.

T ABLE 9. CHARACTERISTICS OF SMALL GRAINS TESTED IN SOUTHERN A LABAMA , T HREE-YEAR SUMMARY
Brand-Variety ————1998 average———— Lodg- Height 1/10 Test wt. ing headed
pct. in. date lb./bu.

Wheat Pioneer 2684 70 60 59 – Pioneer 2643 74 60 57 – Northrup King Coker 9835 63 57 54 – Pioneer 2691 62 54 50 – Wakefield 63 51 49 4,735 Florida 304 54 49 48 4,621 Morey 56 50 46 – Madison 59 48 46 4,379 GA Stuckey 50 45 43 – Jackson 55 45 42 – VA 94-54-479 75 – – – Northrup King 9663 66 – – – Roberts 66 51 – 4,847 Pocahontas 58 – – – Fleming 57 – – – FFR 518 W 56 50 – – Roane 53 – – – GA Dozier – – – 4,756 AR 584A-3-1 – – – 5,663 Test Mean 61 52 49 4,834 L.S.D. (.10) 8 9 8 690 C.V. (%) 9 14 13 10 Oats Chapman 77 74 82 5,054 Harrison 78 65 72 5,037 Ga Mitchell 71 61 72 4,820 Secretariat LA 495 89 – – – Dallas 85 – – 5,085 Test Mean 80 67 76 4,999 L.S.D. (.10) 9 14 13 961 C.V. (%) 8 15 13 14 Rye Wren’s 96 – – – 4,834 Maton – – – 5,209 Oklon – – – 5,046 Bonel – – – 5,056 GI 87 – – – 4,790 Wren’s Abruzzi AL – – – 4,524 Bates – – – 5,411 RB 20-20 – – – 5,109 Wintergrazer 70 – – – 5,096 Sawan Grazer – – – 4,803 Elbon – – – 4,719 Test Mean – – – 4,963 L.S.D. (.10) – – – 589 C.V. (%) – – – 9 Triticale Trical 498 47 48 44 – Trical 2700 – – – 5,441 Test Mean 47 48 44 5,441 L.S.D. (.10) – – – – C.V. (%) – – – – 1 Monroeville, Headland, and Fairhope on grain-only trial.

– – – – 4,523 4,575 – 4,273 – – – – 4,691 – – – – 4,719 – 4,556 728 12 4,869 4,805 4,634 – – 4,770 997 15 5,061 5,211 5,164 4,949 4,782 4,592 5,117 – – – – 4,982 755 11 – 5,022 5,022 – –

– – – – 4,454 4,416 – 4,124 – – – – – – – – – 4,530 – 4,381 661 11 4,424 4,432 4,249 – – 4,368 860 15 5,342 5,037 5,010 4,939 4,719 4,456 – – – – – 4,917 1,090 16 – 4,745 4,745 – –

1 6 1 2 10 16 2 14 15 21 8 13 21 3 1 9 7 – – 9 – – 22 12 17 24 31 21 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0 – 0 – –

36 33 33 35 39 39 37 37 32 38 35 38 37 38 34 35 34 – – 36 – – 37 45 38 41 43 41 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 41 – 41 – –

3-24 3-31 3-23 3-18 4- 2 3-26 3-15 3-24 3-20 4- 2 3-25 3-23 3-25 3-27 3-10 3-18 4- 9 – – – – – 3-27 4- 1 3-30 3-30 4- 2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3-6 – – – –

58.0 56.4 55.1 55.3 54.7 55.0 54.6 54.4 52.4 54.7 55.4 54.9 53.7 53.8 54.6 54.4 54.8 – – 54.8 – – 28.9 31.4 32.0 30.5 28.6 30.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 42.7 – 42.7 – –

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

17

TABLE 10. P ERFORMANCE OF S MALL G RAINS AT CAMDEN, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat Northrup King Coker 9835 33 Pioneer 2643 29 Pioneer 2684 28 Pioneer 2691 27 Morey 25 Florida 304 25 FFR 518 W 25 VA 94-54-479 24 Fleming 24 Jackson 21 GA Stuckey 20 Pocahontas 17 Roane 17 Wakefield 16 Madison 16 Roberts 12 Northrup King 9663 10 AR 584A-3-1 – GA Dozier – Test Mean 22 L.S.D. (.10) 7 C.V. (%) 22 Oats Ga Mitchell 47 Secretariat LA 495 44 Dallas 44 Harrison 41 Chapman 40 Test Mean 43 L.S.D. (.10) 4 C.V. (%) 7 Rye Oklon – Elbon – Bonel – Maton – Wintergrazer 70 – Wren’s 96 – RB 20-20 – Sawan Grazer – Bates – Wren’s Abruzzi AL – GI 87 – Test Mean – L.S.D. (.10) – C.V. (%) – Triticale Trical 498 29 Trical 2700 – Test Mean 29 L.S.D. (.10) – C.V. (%) – 1 Grain yields reduced due to wildlife damage.

51.9 52.8 52.0 52.1 49.3 50.1 48.9 50.2 48.6 50.1 47.5 50.1 49.4 49.3 47.9 50.7 46.6 – – 49.9 – – 34.0 30.1 30.8 31.3 27.9 30.8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 43.1 – 43.1 – –

33 34 33 30 26 27 – – – 32 25 – – 25 26 – – – – 29 – – 46 – – 42 42 43 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 27 – 27 – –

– – – – – 2,218 – – – – – – – 2,260 2,111 2,312 – 2,238 2,228 2,228 397 12 2,242 – 2,450 2,198 2,242 2,283 227 6 2,463 2,411 2,404 2,310 2,290 2,261 2,200 2,187 2,151 2,035 2,001 2,246 285 9 – 2,471 2,471 – –

– – – – – 2,589 – – – – – – – 2,751 2,660 – – – 2,602 2,650 – – 2,561 – – 2,709 2,796 2,689 – – 2,809 – 2,946 2,876 – 4,202 – – – 2,628 2,690 3,025 – – – 2,666 2,666 – –

18 Brand-Variety

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE 11. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL G RAINS AT M ONROEVILLE, ALABAMA, 1998
—————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat Pioneer 2643 97 Pioneer 2684 92 VA 94-54-479 92 Northrup King 9663 89 Wakefield 89 Roberts 87 Northrup King Coker 9835 86 Pocahontas 86 Pioneer 2691 84 Jackson 82 Madison 80 Morey 80 Fleming 79 FFR 518 W 72 Roane 68 Florida 304 63 GA Stuckey 63 AR 584A-3-1 – GA Dozier – Test Mean 82 L.S.D. (.10) 9 C.V. (%) 8 Oats Dallas Secretariat LA 495 Chapman Harrison Ga Mitchell Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Wren’s Abruzzi AL Wren’s 96 Bates Sawan Grazer RB 20-20 Bonel Wintergrazer 70 Maton Elbon Oklon GI 87 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) 139 118 110 107 107 116 13 7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 76 – 76 – –

58.1 59.6 56.4 58.7 57.6 56.1 56.0 57.3 57.5 56.5 57.3 57.3 59.5 56.8 57.9 55.1 54.7 – – 57.2 – – 35.4 34.5 32.6 36.5 36.7 35.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 49.1 – 49.1 – –

74 70 – – 73 – 65 – 62 65 57 50 – – – 55 52 – – 62 – – – – 100 75 77 84 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 56 – 56 – –

– – – – 1,744 1,782 – – – – 1,704 – – – – 2,020 – 1,439 1,285 1,663 187 8 1,802 – 2,009 1,641 1,893 1,836 396 14 2,035 1,708 1,643 1,598 1,562 1,402 1,399 1,348 1,312 1,301 1,267 1,507 300 14 – 1,849 1,849 – –

– – – – 3,389 – – – – – 3,321 – – – – 3,584 – – 3,186 3,370 – – – – 2,891 2,663 2,512 2,688 – – 3,183 3,723 – – – 3,612 – 3,849 – 3,316 3,156 3,473 – – – 3,467 3,467 – –

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

19

TABLE 12. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL G RAINS AT HEADLAND, ALABAMA, 1998
Brand-Variety —————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat Fleming Pioneer 2684 VA 94-54-479 FFR 518 W Pioneer 2691 Northrup King Coker 9835 Roberts Morey Northrup King 9663 Pioneer 2643 GA Stuckey Florida 304 Madison Pocahontas Wakefield Jackson Roane AR 584A-3-1 GA Dozier Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Secretariat LA 495 Chapman Dallas Ga Mitchell Harrison Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Bates Wintergrazer 70 RB 20-20 Oklon Maton Wren’s 96 Bonel GI 87 Sawan Grazer Elbon Wren’s Abruzzi AL Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Tritical Trical 98 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

66 64 64 63 62 62 60 59 57 56 55 54 50 48 48 44 42 – – 56 6 8 92 90 87 87 78 87 11 8 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 56 – 56 – –

61.4 62.1 57.4 58.5 58.1 59.2 59.5 58.5 60.0 60.7 58.4 59.8 57.4 59.3 56.8 57.6 56.3 – – 58.9 – – 32.7 32.4 32.2 34.4 32.6 32.9 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 50.3 – 50.3 – –

– 58 – – 45 49 – 50 – 49 39 50 37 – 32 33 – – – 44 – – – 89 – 82 80 84 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 55 – 55 – –

– – – – – – 8,885 – – – – 9,097 7,946 – 9,047 – – 10,620 9,115 9,118 1,165 9 – 9,904 10,553 9,488 9,086 9,758 1,880 12 11,118 10,474 10,456 10,209 10,188 9,984 9,887 9,501 9,445 8,994 8,930 9,926 1,047 7 – 10,577 10,577 – –

– – – – – – – – – – – 6,564 5,451 – 6,783 – – – 6,781 6,395 – – – 6,693 – 6,813 6,496 6,667 – – – – – 8,177 7,605 8,430 7,625 7,315 – – 7,519 7,779 – – – 7,364 7,364 – –

20 Brand-Variety

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE 13. PERFORMANCE OF SMALL GRAINS AT FAIRHOPE, ALABAMA, 1998
—————Grain-only yield/acre—————
1998 bu. Test wt. lb./bu 3-yr. av. bu.

—Forage-only yield/acre—
1998 lb. 3-yr. av. lb.

Wheat VA 94-54-479 Pioneer 2643 Wakefield Pioneer 2684 Northrup King 9663 Roberts Roane Madison Florida 304 Northrup King Coker 9835 Pioneer 2691 Jackson Pocahontas GA Stuckey FFR 518 W Morey Fleming AR 584A-3-1 GA Dozier Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Oats Secretariat LA 495 Harrison Chapman Dallas Ga Mitchell Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Rye Maton Bates Bonel GI 87 Wintergrazer 70 RB 20-20 Oklon Elbon Sawan Grazer Wren’s 96 Wren’s Abruzzi AL Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%) Triticale Trical 498 Trical 2700 Test Mean L.S.D. (.10) C.V. (%)

70 69 53 53 50 50 50 46 46 41 39 39 39 33 33 29 24 – – 45 9 14 58 47 31 30 21 37 4 7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 10 – 10 – –

57.5 54.0 55.0 58.1 54.1 48.6 55.7 55.0 55.0 53.2 53.6 54.4 48.6 48.9 53.3 53.1 48.9 – – 53.4 – – 24.7 25.0 22.8 16.0 22.9 22.3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 28.4 – 28.4 – –

– 48 42 49 – – – 42 40 47 43 29 – 39 – 38 – – – 42 – – – 61 58 – 56 58 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 22 – 22 – –

– – 5,890 – – 6,407 – 5,757 5,150 – – – – – – – – 8,357 6,393 6,326 808 9 – 7,223 6,061 5,534 5,656 6,118 1,010 10 6,990 6,733 6,530 6,390 6,223 6,218 6,209 6,159 5,983 5,383 5,095 6,174 472 5 – 6,867 6,867 – –

– – 4,895 – – – – 5,064 4,927 – – – – – – – – – 5,552 5,109 – – – 5,859 5,316 – 5,109 5,428 – – 5,818 – 5,573 5,714 – – 5,739 – – 5,011 4,495 5,392 – – – 5,482 5,482 – –

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

21 Southern Alabama – – – 3.9 4.2 2.5 3.2 – 4.2 – 2.4 – 2.5 – 2.2 – 2.7 1.8 2.7 3.5 – – 1.8 1.3 2.3 2.5

TABLE 14. S EPTORIA BLOTCH RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA , 1997-981
Brand-variety AR 494B-2-2 AR 584A-3-1 Clemson 201 Fleming Florida 304 Roberts FFR 518 W GA Dozier GA Stuckey Hartz H 1551 Jackson Jaypee Madison Morey Novartis 9663 Novartis Coker 9704 Novartis Coker 9835 Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2684 Pioneer 2691 Pioneer XW 662 Pioneer XW 663 Pocahontas Roane VA 94-54-479 Wakefield
1

Northern Alabama 2.4 2.7 3.3 – 5.7 3.8 3.1 4.7 – 3.6 4.4 3.3 2.8 4.2 2.5 3.6 – 3.1 3.3 4.1 3.2 2.7 3.8 2.8 3.8 3.0

Central Alabama 2.7 2.3 3.8 4.2 6.3 3.8 3.3 3.5 4.2 – 2.7 4.2 3.2 3.6 – – – 3.2 3.8 5.2 – – 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.8

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease.

TABLE 15. LEAF RUST RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN A LABAMA, 1997-981
Brand-variety AR 494B-2-2 AR 584A-3-1 Clemson 201 Fleming Florida 304 Roberts FFR 518 W GA Dozier GA Stuckey Hartz H 1551 Jackson Jaypee Madison Morey Novartis 9663 Novartis Coker 9704 Novartis Coker 9835 Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2684 Pioneer 2691 Pioneer XW 662 Pioneer XW 663 Pocahontas Roane VA 94-54-479 Wakefield
1

Northern Alabama 2.9 0.3 0.4 – 0.3 1.9 0.0 0.3 – 3.3 4.6 2.0 3.0 – 0.0 2.2 – 2.8 2.8 2.1 1.8 1.3 3.3 2.7 1.6 4.1

Central Alabama 3.5 0.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.5 1.8 2.3 – 4.3 2.3 4.2 0.0 – – – 3.2 3.3 2.8 – – 4.3 2.8 2.8 5.0

Southern Alabama – – – 0.9 0.3 1.3 0.3 – 2.3 – 2.9 – – 0.0 0.2 – 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.8 – – 2.7 1.6 1.8 2.5

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease.

22

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

TABLE 16. P OWDERY MILDEW RATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN ALABAMA , 1997-981
Brand-variety Northern Alabama AR 494B-2-2 0.8 AR 584A-3-1 0.2 Clemson 201 0.0 Fleming – Florida 304 1.3 Roberts 0.0 FFR 518 W 0.0 GA Dozier 0.5 GA Stuckey – Hartz H 1551 0.7 Jackson 0.5 Jaypee 1.1 Madison 0.9 Morey – Novartis 9663 0.8 Novartis Coker 9704 0.3 Novartis Coker 9835 – Pioneer 2643 0.3 Pioneer 2684 0.2 Pioneer 2691 0.2 Pioneer XW 662 0.0 Pioneer XW 663 0.3 Pocahontas 0.0 Roane 0.0 VA 94-54-479 0.0 Wakefield 1.1 1 0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease. Central Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 – – – 0.0 0.0 0.0 – – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Southern Alabama – – – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 – 0.0 – 0.0 – – 0.0 0.0 – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 – – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.04

T ABLE 17. B ARLEY YELLOW DWARF R ATINGS FOR WHEAT VARIETIES IN A LABAMA, 1997-981
Brand-variety AR 494B-2-2 AR 584A-3-1 Clemson 201 Fleming Florida 304 Roberts FFR 518 W GA Dozier GA Stuckey Hartz H 1551 Jackson Jaypee Madison Morey Novartis 9663 Novartis Coker 9704 Novartis Coker 9835 Pioneer 2643 Pioneer 2684 Pioneer 2691 Pioneer XW 662 Pioneer XW 663 Pocahontas Roane VA 94-54-479 Wakefield 1 Percent symptomatic plants. Northern Alabama 13.4 11.3 6.1 – 18.3 2.2 7.6 19.0 – 2.2 0.0 1.4 3.3 – 6.9 7.8 – 4.8 3.6 0.2 6.4 11.4 23.9 17.2 18.1 6.9 Central Alabama 1.9 8.5 13.3 4.2 12.8 10.8 6.8 6.2 26.8 – 5.9 11.7 2.7 10.0 – – – 21.2 35.4 18.3 – – 5.2 21.3 0.2 5.0 Southern Alabama – – 2.7 7.2 1.3 2.9 – 13.8 – 1.0 – – 1.3 0.9 – 4.2 0.9 3.0 1.1 – – 0.7 1.3 1.4 3.4

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

23 Barley yellow dwarf 2 20.4 13.4 19.1 5.0 1.8 19.0 4.4 6.2 5.2 4.2 1.3 1.7 10.1 8.0 14.0 4.7 4.7

T ABLE 18. DISEASE RATINGS FOR OAT V ARIETIES IN A LABAMA, 1997-98
Brand-variety Northern Alabama Chapman Dallas GA Mitchell Harrison Ozark Simpson Central Alabama Chapman Dallas GA Mitchell Harrison Ozark Simpson Southern Alabama Chapman Dallas GA Mitchell Harrison Secretariat LA 495
1 2

Helminthosporium leaf spot1 5.2 4.8 5.4 4.3 4.4 4.5 3.8 3.0 3.0 2.0 3.2 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8

Crown rust1 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.0 1.2 2.8 1.8 2.8 2.3 1.3 1.9

Stem rust1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 1.9 0.8 1.8 0.7

0-10 scale: 0=no disease, 10 = severe disease. Percent symptomatic plants.

T ABLE 19. DISEASE R ATINGS FOR TRITICALE VARIETIES IN ALABAMA , 1997-98
Brand-variety Northern Alabama Trical 498 Central Alabama Trical 498 Southern Alabama Trical 498
1 2

Septoria blotch1 3.0 3.5 3.0

Leaf rust1 2.0 2.3 3.0

Barley yellow dwarf 2 0.9 0.0 0.7

0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease Percent plants affected.

TABLE 20. D ISEASE RATINGS FOR BARLEY V ARIETIES IN NORTHERN ALABAMA, 1997-98
Brand-variety Callao GA Luttrell Nomini Starling
1 2

Septoria blotch1 3.9 3.4 3.1 2.8

Spot blotch1 5.2 5.4 3.8 4.4

Barley yellow dwarf 2 0.3 1.4 0.2 0.2

0-10 scale: 0 = no disease, 10 = severe disease Percent plants affected.

24

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Sources of Seed
Wheat
AR 584A-3-1, AR 494B-2-2, Jaypee University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas GA Dozier, GA Stuckey, Fleming, Morey, FFR 518 W (formerly GA 87467), Roberts (formerly GA 871339) Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia Coker (all varieties, brands, and hybrids) Novartis Seeds, Inc. Grifton, North Carolina Florida 304 Univ. of Florida, Agric. Res. Ctr. Quincy, Florida Jackson, Madison, Wakefield Alabama Crop Improvement Assoc. Auburn, Alabama Pioneer (all varieties, brands, and hybrids) Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Huntsville, Alabama Clemson 201 South Carolina Crop Impr. Assoc. Clemson, South Carolina Delta King 1551 W Delta King Seed Company McCrory, Arkansas Pocahontas, VA 94-54-479, Roane (formerly VA 93-54-429) Virginia Polytechnic Inst. Blacksburg, Virginia

Oats
Ozark University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas Secretariat LA 495 Terral Seed Co. Lake Providence, Louisiana Harrison Alabama Farmer’s Coop Decatur, Alabama Chapman Univ. of Florida, Agric. Res. Ctr. Quincy, Florida Dallas Texas A&M University College Station, Texas GA Mitchell Alabama Crop Improvement Assoc. Auburn, Alabama Simpson South Carolina Crop Impr. Assoc. Clemson, South Carolina

Barley
Callao, Nomini, Starling Virginia Polytechnic Inst. Blacksburg, Virginia GA Luttrell Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia

1998 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF SMALL GRAINS VARIETIES

25

Sources of Seed
Triticale
Trical 498, Trical 2700 Resource Seeds, Inc. Union, Kentucky

Rye
Wren’s Abruzzi AL Alabama Crop Improvement Assoc. Auburn, Alabama GI-87 Ryegrazer Carl R. Gurley, Inc. Princeton, North Carolina RB 20-20 Red Barn Industries, Raleigh, North Carolina Bates, Bonel, Elbon, Maton, Oklon Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc. Ardmore, Oklahoma Wren’s 96 Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Station Griffin, Georgia Wintergrazer 70 Seed Production, Inc. Madison, Georgia Sawan Grazer Sawan Seeds, Inc. Pelham, Georgia

26

ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION

Appendix
CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED WHEAT V ARIETIES
Brand-Variety Leaf rust AgriPro Hickory poor AgriPro Mason good Florida 304 good GA-Dozier good GA-Gore poor GA-Stuckey poor Jackson poor Madison poor Morey good NK Coker 9134 poor NK Coker 9663 good NK Coker 9835 poor Pioneer 2580 fair Pioneer 2643 good Pioneer 2684 poor Pioneer 2691 fair Roberts poor Wakefield fair Resistance Glume Powdery blotch mildew good fair fair poor fair fair good fair good good fair good fair fair fair good fair good good poor fair poor good fair good good good good good good fair fair good good fair fair Hessian fly fair poor good fair good good poor poor good poor fair good good poor good fair good poor Test weight fair good good good good fair good fair good good good good fair good good fair good good MatStraw urity strength medium fair early good medium good late good medium fair early fair late fair medium good early good late fair medium good medium good late fair late good early fair early good late fair late fair Vernalization requirement medium short medium long med. long very short long med. long very short long medium medium long long medium very short med. long long

CHARACTERISTICS OF S ELECTED O AT V ARIETIES
Brand-Variety AgriPro Hickory AgriPro Mason Citation Florida 501 Florida 502 GA-Mitchell NK Coker 716 Ozark Simpson Crown rust resistance fair poor poor poor fair poor poor poor poor Cold hardiness fair good good poor poor fair good good good Maturity medium early medium early early medium medium med-late medium Test weight fair good good good good fair good fair good Straw strength medium short good poor good good good poor fair

Barley Yellow Dwarf Although Barley Yellow Dwarf is a significant problem in Alabama, no current oat or wheat varieties have adequate resistance to this disease. All oat and wheat varieties are susceptible. Hessian Fly In the 1996-97 and 1997-98 growing seasons biotype ‘L’ of hessian fly was found in Alabama. This biotype represented only a small portion of the population The level of resistance to hessian fly as shown in the table is only valid for the biotypes other than ‘L’ since none of the current commercial varieties are resistant to this new biotype.