BULLETIN No, 113. ALABAMA. FEBRUARY, 1901. Agricultura1 Experiment Station OF THE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, AUBURN. Co-operative Experiments with Cotton in 1899-1900. By J. F. DUGGAR, Agriculturist. MONTGOMERY, ALA. BROWN PRINTING CO., PRINTERS & BINDERS 1901, COMMITTEE OF TRUSTEES ON EXPERIMENT STATION. THOS. WILLIAMS......................... JONATHAN . . etunpka HARALSON.....................................Selma. STATION COUNCIL. WM. LEROY BROUN...................................President. P. H. MELL .............................. B. B.Ross............................................Chemist. C. A. CARY, D. V. M................................Veterinarian. J. Director and Botanist. F. DUGGAR .................................... Agriculturist. F. S. EARLE........................Biologist and Horticulturist. J. T. ANDERSON..............................Associate ASSISTANTS. C. L. HARE............................. J. Q. BURTON ......................... Chemist. First Assistant Chemist. Second' Assistant Chemist. H. S. HOUGHTON....................... Third Assistant Chemist. T. U. CULVER ........................... R. W. CLARK ............................. C. F. AUSTIN........................... Superintendent of Farm. Assistant Agriculturist. Assistant Horticulturist. The Bulletins of this Station will be sent' free to any citizen of the State on application to the Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama. CO-OPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON IN 899 and 1909. BY J. F. DUGGAR. These experiments were conducted under the direction of the Agricultural Department of this Station in 1899 and 1900. These tests in 1899 were made by farmers in nineteen localities; the tests made in 1900 were conducted in eighteen localities, not including in this count the few experimenters who failed to report results. The method of conducting the experi'meuts was the sameas in former years. The plots were each oneeighth acre in'area. The following is the list of those who made experireported results. ments in 1899 an'd 1900 and County. Page Post Office Name, Agricultural School.... Hamilton........Marion-50 who Autrey, A ............ Ballard J. L.......... Berneys........ Jackson.. ..... Talladega-50 Clarke-49 .Bevill........... Choctaw-38 Bevill, W.'C.....' Borland, T. M......... Dothan........... Henry-46 Chappell, C. A........Dillburg........Pickens-51 Vick.............. Bibb-20 Chism, W. T......... Clarke-40 Culver, J. W.......... Jackson .......... Cunningham, E. L......Furman......... Wilcox-li Cory, A. F..........Evergreen ......... Daffin, EJ.... Conecuh-52 Cherokee-13 7 '..Tuscaloosa..Tuscaloosa-1 Duncan, J. S...... Maple Grove........ Experimen't Station .... Auburn............. Lee-24 Fo'ster, J. D.......... Auburn............ Lee-27 French, J. W. ... ..... Gordo.......... Pickens-15 4 Name Fulton, W. F...... Funke, F Post Office County Page. 7 ........... Tuscumbia..........Colbert-.5O Collinsville......... DeKaib- Freeman, G. WV.Maple Grove....... Cherjokee--13 Harris, Jno. Jr.... Oak Bowery...Chambers--51 Ingrain, W. N......... Marvyn ......... Russell-5i Ingram, W. N......... Opelika ............. Lee-32 Jarrett, R. H..... Sterrett.......... Shelby-5i Jones, T.K..... Greensboro............ Hale-Si1 T., Mason, C. H........ Wilson...... .... Escambia-44 McClure, G. L ........ Garland........... Butler-43 Melton, E ........... Hugent........... Fayette-1J McAlpine, J. RH...... Boligee............ Greene 50 McIntyre, P. M ... Abbeville .......... Henry-52 Purifoy, W~. M.......Snowv Hill.....:.... Wilcox-lO Rivers, C. E...... Hurts'boro.......... Rouse, D. H ...... Greenville.......... Butler 52 Russell-35 Maccon-2i Slat-on, J. P Thomason, T. J... Kaylor or R~anburn ... . Randolph-29 Troyer, A. M.........Calhoun...... Lowndes. 36, 52 Watkins, J. C....... Burn Corn......... Monroe 33 WeenmsJ. A.......Union Springs ...... Bullock-52 ...... .. Notasulga.......... THE FERTILIZERS USED. These consisted of ligh grade acid phosphate teed to contain at least 14 per cent. of available phosphoric acid. The table gives the plan and the composition of the fertilizers guaran- following of employed: the experiment Pounds per acri of fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash used, and conposition of each mixture. FERTILIZERS. MIXTURE CONTAINS. U a) Q) p L O>D. KIND. U) Pc 0 Lbs Lbs. 1358 200 Cotton seed meal..... In 100 lbs. s. c. meal. N 6.79 2 240 Acid phosphate........... In 100 lbs. acid phos.......... .................... 4 200 Kainit In 100 lb kainit............ 13.58 5 200 Uotton seedreal...) 240 Acid phosphate..4 3.09 In 100 lbs. above mixt. 13.5 6 200 Cotton seed meal...) 5 2600Kainit........... 3.39 In 100 lbs. above mixt 240 Acid phosphate... .( 200 Kainit .. ............ ... In-100 lbs. above mixt 200 Cotton seed meal... . 13.58 240. Acid phosphate .. 9 . 200 Kainit 1 In Lbs. 5.76 2 88 15.05 ....... 41.88 9.52 ....... .~. Lbs. 354 I 77 24 60 12.30 3.54 .80 24 7.03 $ 19.00 12.50 13.75 15.45 16 38 13. 09 .6 5.6 1.44 8.21 41. 88 6.54 5.59 28.1.4 4.39 110 200 Cotton seed meal.... 240 Acid phosphate ..... 100 Kainit In 100 lb.obove mist 100 lbs above mixt 2.12 14 94 13 5 5 18 18 2.59 7.75 2.93 58 58 15 11 *Countingof many analyses. Average + all the phosphoric aci4 available. 2)-1113 in cotton seed meal as Those farmers who are more accustomed to the word ammonia than to the term nitrogen, can change the figures for nitrogen into their ammonia equivalents by multiplying by 1 4. The phosphate and cotton seed were purchased at market prices. Most of the kainit was donated by the German Kali Works. In determining the increase over the unfertilized plots, the yield of the fertilized plots, Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7, is compared with both unfertilized plots, lying on either' side, giving to each unfertilized plot a weight inversely proportional to its distance from the plot under comparison. This method ,of comparison tends to compen sate for variations in the fertility of the several plots. It should be remembered that seasons, as well as soils. determine the effects of fertilizers, so that to be absolutely reliable a fertilizer experiment should be repeated for several years on the same kind of soil. Abnormal weather conditions in 1899 and 1900 resulted in an unusually large proportion of inconclusive experiments. THE WEATHER IN 1899 and 1900. The following data are taken from the records of the Alabama Section of the Weather Bureau for 1899 and 1900 and give average results of a number of stations: Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall Rainfall 1899. for April, inches ........ 2.80 2.03 for May, inches. ......... inches .......2.54 for June, 6.76 for July, inches ......... for August, inches..... ... 3.68 for September, inches........ .66 for October, inches. ... 1900. 9.06 2.64 11.80 . .2.18 4.93 2.89 4.00 5.64 3.8S Rainfall for November, inches.........3.04 It will be seen from the above that the spring and early summer of 1899 were very dry. Complaints of drought in that year- were general. In 1900 an excessive precipitation in April and June greatly injured crops, and in addition there was in many localities a severe drought in August. Two more unfavorable seasons. in immediate succes- sion -seldom occur. EXPERIMENTS MADE BY W. F. FULTON, LARIMORE COLLINSYILLE, DEKALB COUNTY. OR Dark gray, Tulatto, or reddish, stiff soil; subsoil red clay. An experiment with 'cotton has been conducted on this farm in Big Wills Valley for three years in succession on land cleared 'about three-quarters of a century ago. in The crop preceding the cotton experiments of b'oth 1899 and 1900 was corn. The early part the summer of 1899 was rather dry ; in 1900 "from time the cotton was until was laid by my notes show almost 'continuous rain,-the wettest season the knowledge the planted it of the The results for 1898 were printed in Bulletin No. 102. Th'ose for 1899 'and 1900 are given in the following table : -oldest inhabitant." of 8 Larimore or Collinsville experiment with cotton. FERTILIZERS.1899 CIC1 I. 1O0 o o 4-) *j - 0 - 6KIND.y . seebes.*~ 2 240 Acid phosphate... 6 200 Cotton seed meal.2 200 7 240 200 8 00 200 9~ Lbs. 6 Lbs. Lbs. 8 Lbs. 3 55 2 Kainit.... .... Acid phosphate .... "" Kainit..... ... No fertilizer............ Cotton seed meal. ... Acid phosphate ... Cotton seed meal. .. . 86 456 976 44 16 608 .... 6 10 240 200 520 S200 Kainit .............. 1208 1032 600 10 240 Acid phosphate... 100 Kainit........... 912 456 424 Increase of iseed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal 1899 1900 0 lbs. 214 lbs. 230 lbs. was added : To unfertilized plot.............208 lbs. To acid phosphate plot...........114 lbs. To kainit plot .. :.......... ... 82, lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.. 116 lbs. 132 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal....................... 130 lbs. 144 lbs. 9 Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot ............. 320 126 To cotton seed meal plot ......... To kainit plot...................233 To cotton seed meal and kainit 233 plot .. . .................... lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. 336 lbs. 550 lbs. 263 lbs. 263 lbs. Average increase with acid phos378 lbs. 219 lbs. phate.. .................. Increase of seed cotton .per acre when kainit was added: 205 To unfertilized plot .............. 79 To cotton seed meal plot ......... 84 T'o acid phosphate plot... ...... To cotton seed meal and acid phos86 phate plot ................... lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. 107 lbs. 337 lbs. 132 lbs. 50 lbs. 157 lbs Average increase with kainit..... 116 bs. The principal need of this soil, clearly shown in each of three tests, is for phosphate, which has paid a large profit, whether employed alone or in combination with any of the other materials. The increase 'attributable to phosphate in each of the three years is respectively 464, 219, and 378 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed meal usually increased the yield more than enough to cover its cost, the averages for the 3 years being respectively 152, 130, and 144 pounds of seed cotton. Its relatively slight effect suggests the advisability of reducing the amount of cotton seed meal, of which about half as much as of phospha'te might be used for cotton. Kainit was the least beneficial on this soil of the ingredients of the complete fertilizer and the, figures indicate that its addition to the mixture of phosphate and kainit was not profitable. 10 -EXPE RIMENT MADE BY W. M. PURIFOY, 2 MILES NORTH- EAST OF SNOW HILL, WILCOX COUNTY. White bald prairie;subso iI, white rotten limestone. This experiment was made in on land especially favorable to the 'development of black rust of cotton. The land was not broken until May 25, when it was bedded with a one-horse plow. "Many had on account of coming up too late. Exnothing ton treme 'drought ruined the experiment." The table on page 11 gives the yields and the subjoined analysis of results of Mr. Purifoy's'tests, both in 1898 and 1899, shows the increase attributable to each fertilizer, when used alone or in combinations under cotton growing 'on poor white prairiesoil. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: 1899 .them stalks 1898. V899. 144 lbs. 16 lbs.' 144 lbs. 128 lbs. To unfertilized plot...........128 To acid phosphate plot .......... To kainit plot................ To acid phosphate and kainit plot. 141 lbs. 27 lbs. 227 lhs. lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal ...................... 131 lbs. Increase ,of seed cotton per acre 100 lbs. when acid phosphate 200 lbs., 99 lbs. 209 lbs. lbs. was added : To To To T iIo unfertilized plot ............. cott'on seed meal plot ......... kainit plot.................. cotton seed meal and kainit plot. 123 208 lbs. 48 lbs. '240 lbs. 224 lbs. Average increase with acid phos158 lbs. phate...". ........... 180 lbs. 11 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot........ 27 lbs. 0 lbs. 0 lbs. 72 lbs. To cotton seed . meal plot... To acid phosphate plot..........18 lbs. 32 lbs. To cotton seed meal and 'acid phosphate plot...................96 lbs. 176 lbs. Average increase with kainit......41 lbs. In 'the above paragraphs the results of Mr. Purifoy's 52 lbs. experiment in 1898 are republished to show the ;close 'corbetween the results ,of the two years, both tending to indicate that the ph'osphate was more beneficial than cotton seed meal and that kainit was of least effect. Snow Hill and. Furman, experiments with cotton on white bald prairie. respondence FE RTILIZERS. SNOW THILLT. i an FURMMAN. U1"r, 1899. o 0. KINDh. 0 1900. + J.C a ) v o z 0 0 2 3 4 Lbs. 200 240 4V0 200 200 240 2C0 2C0 Cotton seed meal. Acid phosphate. No fertilizer......... Kainit.............. Cotton seed meal... Acid phosphate.. Cotton seed meal.... Kainit.......... Lbs 144 208 00. 0 144 240 Lbs. 144 208 0... 400 376 192192 66.1 144 488 616 416 624 616' 48 0 .. . . -27 258 79 204 240 :8. 200 00 240 200 240 Acid phosphate.... ...... Kainit ...... No fertilizer....... Acid 240 368 416 200 Cotton seed meal.. 200 Kainit........ Cotton seed Acid phosphate ...... 368 . 416 208 200 10 phosphate... ... mea..., 100 Ka init ...... ... ' I~ 12 EXPERIMENT MADE IN 1900 BY E. L. CUNNINGHAM, 6 MILES EAST OF FURMAN, WILCOX COUNTY. White prairie, the surface dark gray; sub-soil white rottenl limestone. The original growth, cleared about 30 or 40 years ago, is reported as oak sand hickory with some short-leaf pine. The field was in cotton in 1897 and 1898 and vated in 1890. The depth of plowing was 5 or 6 inches. On Plot considerable black rust, but very little on there 10,' where a complete fertilizer containing Plots 9 used. The stand was full and uniform. kainit was There was too much rain. The yields are given in the table above. unculti- was 5 and Increase of seed cotton meal was added: per acre when cotton seed . .. 80 lbs. ".178 lbs. :.106 To unfertilized plot ............. To acid phosphate plot .................. To kainit To acid phosphate and kainit plot.... ....................... - plot. .......... lbs& 4 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal, 92 lbs. Increase of -seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was used. .80 lbs. To unfertilized plot .. ............. 178 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot ................... 231 lbs. To kainit plot ........................... To :cotton seed meal 'and kainit plot..........129 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate, - 130 lbs.. 13 Increase of seed cotton per added : acre when kainit way, 27lbs.. To unfertilized plot ......................To cotton seed meal plot ..................1 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ................... 124 lbs. To seed cotton meal and acid phosphate plot.-50 lbs. Average increase with kainit, - 12 lbs. Mr. Cunningham's experiment, like both the test made by Mr. Purifoy,ion the same class land, white prairie, indicates that phosphate was most needed. largest yield was made with a mixture of cotton seed meal and phosphate. did not increase the yield, though it did seem to somewhat -restrainthe rust on Plots 9 and 10. not. It should be noted that white prairie soil and that none very responsive to commercial of-these paid a very large profit. Although phosphate was undoubtedly useful in each of these experiments, its effects were far less notable than the favorable influence that is exerted by adding thi's class ,of. soils. We :cansuitable vegetable matter of of The Kainit -fertilizers was to not yet recom'mend the use of. phosphate on these soils, W. FREEMAN'S believing that the same money invested in the seed ofmelilotus or 'of 'other renovating plant would be more profitably spent. EXPERIMENTS MADE BY J. S. DUNCAN ON G. FARM, .14 MILES SOUTHWEST OF MAPLE GROVE, CHEROKEE COUNTY. In 1899 the test was made ion gray sandy upland, with red 'subsoil; in .1900 on light alluvial sec'ond bottom of a dark gray color, with red subsoil. Both fields. had been -cleared for more than a quarter of 'a century. The 14 cotton experiment of 1899: of 1900 by corn. In -1899 the sumnmer was preceded by cotton, that was excessively dry, in 1900 exMAPLE GROVE. S'APLE GROVE. cessively wet. Iliaple Grove experiment with cotton. FEV.TIIZ ERS. 1899. 0 0 O- 1900. H (12 Q (12 O L~Z00 O 0 ;3 o 1 2 3 4 :5 Ls O Cotton seed meal ... . Acid pho~phate . No fertilizer......... Kainit........ .... Cottonseed meal.... Acid' phosphate.. Cotton seed meal.... iKainit ..... ........ Ai phosphate .. Kainit .. I I Lbs. I 200 240 00 200 200 240 200 60 200 7 240 200 800 752 624 Lbs. 176 128 -43 266 175, Lbs. 1036 932 816 920 992 1032 1024 804 Lbs. 220 116 106 181 223 218 '8 9 00 200 .......... . No fertilizer...... meal..) 4 Cotton seed Acid 776 800 1024 992 224 192 10 200 Kainir,...... S200 Cotton seed 240 Acid phosphate .. 100 Kainit........ ( 240 phosphate,.... 1080 1032 276 meal...) 228 Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed mleal was added : 1899. 1900. To nnfertilized plot............176 lbs. 220 lbs. acid phosphate plot.........138 lbs. 65 lbs. To kainit plot ................. 218 lbs. 117 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot. 212 lbs. 58 lbs. To Averaqe increase with cotton seed meal .......... ... 186 lbs. 115 lbs. 15 Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 128 lbs. 116 lbs. To unfertilized plot .. .......... To cotton seed meal plot .......... 90 lbs. -39 lbs. To kainit plot..................55 lbs. 112 lbs. " To cotton seed meal and kainit plot. 49 lbs. 53 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate......................81 Increase of seed cotton per acre added: lbs. 61 Ibs. when kainit was lbs. lb. lbs. lbs. 106 lbs. 3 lbs. 102 lbs. 95 lbs. To unfertilized plot ......... -43 To cotton seed meal plot ..........1 To acid phosphate plot .........116 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot .................42 Average increase (or decrease[-]) with kainit ............. --51 77 lbs. In both years cotton seed meal was the most important fertilizer for cotton; phosphate afforded a small increase, possibly because of abnormal weather conditions; kainit was useless on upland in 1899 and scarcely profitable in 1900 on second bottom land. EXPERIMENT MADE BY J. W. FRENCH, 3 MILES NORTH OF GORDO, PICKENS COUNTY. This test was conducted in 1899 on gray upland, and in 1900 on dark sandy upland, both having red subsoils, rather retentive of water. The cotton experiment of 1899 was preceded by corn, that of 1900 by cotton. In both cases the tests were on old fields, cleared of pines and reclaimed four to seven years before the experiments began. The former season was exceedingly dry; the latter, "the most unfavorable ever known, first too wet and then too dry." The stand was reported as excellent 1V Gordo experiment with cotton. FER rIIIZIERS. 0 0 CC 1899. 0 . 1900. 0 2a 20A p h . . 1 3 4 7 6 7 8 9 10 LsLs Lb 200 4 Cotton seed meal .. 536200 aint 20 ....... . -60 38 2 240 Acid phosphate ...... 848 00 No fertilizer.m...........336384 200 Kainit................360 200 [Cotton seed meal.. . 240 Acid phosphate94..3. 7 200 ICotton seed eal .... : 5f28 23 '200 IKainit......... 40 bs 6968 Ls 335 768 2 58 52 13 16 19 5 20 200 00 200 240 200 200 240 100 IAcid phosphate :::i 736 Kainit............ No fertilizer....... ..... 264 Cotton seed meal... Acid phosphate 1032 Kainit...... ...... Cotton seed meal... Acid phosphate...... 9 Kainit__ __f_ 45 . 868 408 888 480 _ Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: 1899.. 1900. To unfertilized plot...............200 lbs. 312 lbs. To acid phosphate plot....... .... 125 lbs. 151 lbs. To kainit plot..... To acid ............. 197 lbs. and kainit -phosphate plot. .410 175 lbs. lbs. 331 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal, 238 lbs. 242 lbs. Increase seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added : To unfertilized -plot .. ...... .. 512 lbs. 184 lbs. To -cotton seed meal plot ............ 437 lbs. 23 lbs. of To kainit plot .. . ................. 420 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.. 633 lbs. 501 lbs. 1381lbs. 294 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate, 160 lbs. 17 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: 38 lbs. 11 To coltton seed meal plot ...........35 lbs.-126 To acid phosphate plot............ .54 lbs. -35 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate 231 lbs. 145 ................ plot........ .... To unfertilized plot .. lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. Average increase with kainit, - 63 Ibs. -I lb. Phosphate was the material of most importance for the gray soil and it was also needed on the darker soil. Cotton seed meal was first in importance in 1900 and second in 1899. Kainit was useless except in a complete fertilizer, in which combination it was slightly profitable, but never so important as phosphate cotton seed meal. or EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED BY E. J. DAFFIN, 3 MILES S. OF TUSCALOOSA, TUSCALOOSA COUNTY. This test was made in 1900 on the F. S. Moody farm. The soil is described as second bottom, sandy, and of a reddish gray color; the subsoil, as red clay. The original growth, removed more than half a century ago, is sweet gum, black gum, persimmon,. and sassafras. The preceding crop was cotton. June and July brought an excessive rainfall, interfering with cultivation and August was very dry. There were 1,065 plants per eighth-acre plot. "Red rust" was reported as injurious alike on all plots. Both cotton seed meal and acid phosphate, whether used alone, or in any combination, greatly increased the yield and afforded a good profit. Kainit was practically ineffective except in combination with the other two fertilizers, where it seems to have increased the yield to a profitable extent; the complete fertilizer, con- 18 taming kainit (Plot 9) affording an increase greater by 236 pounds of seed'cotton per acre than the increment where only phosphate and meal were used together. (Plot 5.) Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added : To unfertilized plot ...................... 216 lbs. To acid phosphate plot....................3 lbs. To kainit plot ............................ 259 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot...........529 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal.......340 lbs. Increase of seed- cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot......................152 l To cotton seed meal plot...................292 lbs. To kainit plot..........................189 lb To cotton seed meal 'and kainit plot.........459 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate.........273 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added : To unfertilized plot ................ ........ 26 lbs. To cotton seed meal .plot .. .................. 69 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ..................... 63 lbs. To cotton seed nmeal and acid -phosphate....236 lbs. ... 99. Average increase with kainit ... ........... Mr. Daffin also conducted similar tests in 1897 and 1898 on red sandy upland, with red clay 'subsoil, two and one-half miles east of Tuscaloosa. In both ye'as phosphate was by far the chief need of 'that soil, bu't both cotton seed nieal and kainit afforded considerable increase, so that the greatest profit was obtained by the use. of a complete. fertilizer containing all three of these materials. lbs. 19 ExPERIMENT MADE IN 1899 BY E. MELTON, ONE MILE WEST OF IIUGENT, FAYETTE COUNTY. Dark or "mulatto" soil, with reelclay subsoil. The original growth, removed about 50 years ago, is reported as short-leaf pine, oak, and hickory. The three preceding crops were corn. The pl-ants were free fro rust. As shown in the detailed statement below, phosphate was the fertilizer chiefly-needed by this soil, its use, alone and in every combination, was highly profitable, the average increase attributable.to.phosphate bein 364 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed average inuwal was next in importance, affording crease of 168 pounds per acre. The most profitable fertilizer a mixture of acid phosphate and cotton seed meal. Kainit was not needed. Increase of seed cotton per acre whencotton seed meal was used: unfertilized plot ... ......... .......... 128 lbs, 160 lbs.. To acid phosphate plot .. .................. and an was wa sd.To To kainit plot ............... 176 lbs.. To acid phosphate and kainit plot............208 lbs.. Average increase with cotton seed meal......... 168 lbs.. lbs.. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added : To unfertilized plot ....................... To cotton seed meal plot .............. .432 ........... 400 lbs.. 296 lbs. 328 lbs. To kainit plot ........................... To' cotton seed meal and kainit plot Average increase with acid phosphate.......... 364 lbsa 20 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: lbs. To unfertilized plot.......................72 ......... 120lbs. To cotton seed meal plot........ To acid'phosphate plot....................-32 lbs. 16 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot'. .Average increase with kainit....... .EXPERIMENTS .... 1 MILE 44 lbs. SOUTH- CONDUCTED BY W. T. CHISM,, EAST OF VICK, BIBB COUNTY. Both -experiments ,were conducted on dark gray sandy or loamy branch bottom soil, rather retentive of -ture. The earlier experiment was preceded by corn, the later one by cotton. The field had been cleared about 75 years and the original growth is reported as sweet gum, red and white oak, -hickory, ash, poplar, cucumber tree, and a few short-leaf pines, and, chestnuts. The latter part of the season of 1899 was dry and un:favorable 'and in 1900 there was almost 'continuous wet weather during the season of cultivation. The soil was worked June '25, 1900, when too wet, by which the experimenter reports that the crop was greatly damaged. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was used. mois- 1899., To unfertilized plot ........ To 1900. acid phosphate plot............. ...... To kainit plot .................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot. ... 256. lbs. 96 lbs. 244 lbs. 92 lbs. 62 lbs. 77. lbs. 100 lbs. 15 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal, 172 lbs. 64 lbs. 21 Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot .............. 104 lbs. 24 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot.......... -56 lbs. 39 lbs. To kainit plot .. ........... ..... 116 lbs. 78 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot .- 24 lbs. -7 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate, 35 Ibs. 34 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added : To unfertilized plot ............ 24 lbs. -1 lb. To cotton seed meal plot ..........32 lbs. 37 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ...........12 lbs. 53 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot .. ........................ 16 lbs. -9 lbs. Average increase with kainit........-20 lbs. 20 lbs. In 1900 cotton seed meal was the only fertilizer that was very effective. In 1899 none of them were decidedly beneficial. On account of the extremely unfavorable weather in both years, it is probable that neither experiment indicates the real needs of this soil, so that we must place these tests in the class of inconclusive experiments. EXPERIMENT MADE IN 1899 BY J. P. SLATON, 7 MILES SOUTHI OF NOTASULGA AND 7 MILES N. E. OF TUSKEGEE, :IACON COUNTY. Gray sandy upland, with retentive red clay subsoil. The field was originally cleared and cleared of the second growth The original growth was long leaf preceding crop was cotton. The cotton did not come up until 3-113 about 75 years ago, about 12 years ago. pine and oak. The the first of June and 22 this late start may have kept the fertilizers from exerting their full effect. The stand was good. As shown in the table on page 23 and in the statements below, phosphate and cotton seed meal were both effective in nearly every combination. Kainit was not needed. Mr. Slaton conducted an experiment in 1898 (see Bulletin No. 102) on similar soil. In that year acid phos profitable phate and cotton seed meal were even than in 1900 and kainit was useless. It seems that this gray soil, with a clay subsoil near at hand, needs only a mixture of acid phosphate and cotton seed meal to pro duce a profitable cotton crop. detailed more Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was addedd: lbs. To unfertilized plot.......................192 lbs. To acid phosphate plot.....................43 110lbs. To kainit plot ........................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot...........123 lbs. Average increase with cotton seedmeal.......117 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre'when acid phosphate was added : lbs.. To unfertilized plot.......................176 27 lbs.. To cotton seed meal plot..................... lbs., To kainit plot............................145 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.......... 158 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate......... 127 IbsoIncrease of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added : 20 lbs.To unfertilized plot ........................ lbs.. plot..................62 To cotton seed meal lbs. To acid phosphate plot....................-11 To 'cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot .... 69 lbs. Average increase with kainit.............. .. 4 lbs.. Tuscaloosa, Ilugent, Vick and Notasulga FERTILIZERS. TUSCALOOSA. 1900. U 0 0 experiments with cotton. VICK. 1899. VICK ___ VrUGENT. 1899. > 1900. uV .rd NOTASIJLG1. 1899. U > 4 ~U 0 4-D 0 C) ~ -q a Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal....................680 ............. 240 Acid phosphate ........ 00 No fertilizer .... 200 Kainit .............. ............... 205Cttn'ed"ea............984 240 Acid phosphate Lbs. 1 2 3 4 ................ "" Lbs. Lbs. 464 128 616 736 400 44...................464 336.73 . 496 26 400 72 508 880 560 768 496 285 ... 744 544 560 296 248 Lbs. 216 152 Lbs. 992 840 668 848 824 51..... 6 Lbs. 256 104 -24 200 220 .... Lbs. 526 488 464 452 544 532 412 504 496 Lbs. 62 24 .... --1 101 99 ..... 92 84 Lbs. 592 576 400 544 724 616 448.. 736 744 Lbs.192 176 .. C3 20 219 130 6t 8 200 Cotton seed meal...... ............. 200 Kainit............ ............ 00 No fertilizer .................. ...... 200 Cotton seed meal ............. 9 . 240 Acid phosphate........ ........... 200 Kainit........................ 200 Cotton seed meal........ ..... 10~ 240 Acid phosphate ......... ........ '. ( 100__Kainit..._____________________.__ 1240 1040 872 752 576 456 700 840 184 324 288 296 24 AUBURN EXPERIMENTS IN 1898, 1899, & 1900, ON EXPERIMENT STATION FARM. These tests were made on three adjacent areas set apart for permanent fertilizer experiments with cotton, corn, and oats. The soil is of the same character on all three areas, as was also the previous fertilization of each plot. All three of the cotton crops were preceded by oats fertilized like the corresponding cotton plot. In 1900 each plot received the same fertilizer as in 1898 and 1899. Hence the results should show not only the immediate effects of fertilizers, but the residual on cumulative effects, if there are any on this light soil. Contrary to our usual custom, cowpeas were not sown after the oats, but instead a 'thin growth of crabgrass, rag weed, and poverty weed covered the ground during the summer and fall following the harvesting of each oat crop. Commercial fertilizers, !chiefly acid phosphate, had been liberally, though not lavishly, employed annually for a number of years before the experiment began. The soil is a deep sand bed nearly free from stone or gravel, and the plots occupy the crest of a hill. The dates of planting were April 15, 1898; April 11, 1899; and April 24, 1900. The stand was nearly perfeet except in 1900, when there was some slight want of uniformity, so that the figures for 1900 represent the yields after being corrected on the basis of an equal number of plants on each plot. The Peerless variety was used each year. In 1898 black rust was quite injurious. September 23 it was estimated that the plants on the plots on which kainit had been used had shed 50 to 70 per cent. of their leaves while 25 the plants receiving no kainit had shed 75 92 per cent of 'their leaves. The prevalence of black rust probably accounts, at least in lart, for the very favorable showing made by kainit in 1898, for numerous experiments recorded in the bulletins of this Station show that kainit generally decreases the injury from black rust. Fertilizer experim ents with cotton at Auburn,,1 81899vand 1900 on Experiment Station farm. FERTILIZERS. I) to 1898. 1899. 1900. 4)) 'KIND. j> ar C c CI cs b1 t a CO Lbs. Lbs Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 1 2 3 4 .200 240 00 200 5 200 240 6 200 Cotton seed meal...889 214 1008 Acid phosphate ........ 853 178 819 No fertilizer........... 675 ... 774 Kainit.... ........... 783 122 1049 Cotton seed meal .. 10133612 Acid phosphate .. 1. 4612 Cot tn.s.d.. eal ,, 1192 529 1075 8 15 655 ... 240 Acid phospha te...... 8 9 . 234 379 35 161 145 266 -78 82 .. 344....... 262 360 46 143 3 9 0 2 2133 0 265 434 180 325, 4 2 . 262 194 ... 241 Lbs Lbs. 00 No fertilizer.......... 833.... (200 Cotton seed meal... . ...... 361 ...... ( 240 Acid phosphate...... 200 Kainit .. )... 1177, 522 1152 10,55 319 435 200 Cotton seed meal 10 240 phosphate . .1________.___ 100 Kn.init Acid .. 422.... ... 26 Increasein yield from cotton seed, acid phosphate, and kainit on Experiment Station Farm in 1898, 1899 and 1900. Increase; Increase of seed cotton per acre where cotton seed meatl was added To To To To unfertilized plot....................214 acid phosphate plot..................168 kainit plot...........................407 acid phosphate and kaiiiit plot........36 lbs. seed cotton per acre. 1900. Average, 1898. 1899 Lbs. Lbs. 234 88 3 90 206 103 3 years. Lbs. 161 147 181 115 Lbs. 35 187 134 219 144 Average increase with cotton seed meal. _.Increase of seed cotton per acre where phosphate was added To To To To unfertilized plot.....................178 cotton seed meal plot................132 ......... kainit plot........... ... cotton seed meal and kainit plot.... 151 145 -78 194 -3 364 -33 -- 24 61 54 -7 167 41 38 82 80 102 36 82 Average increase with acid phosphate... Increase of seed cotton per acre where kainit was added To unfertilized plot.....................122 TO cotton seed meal plot................315 To-acid phosphate plot...308 To cotton seed meal and acid phos. plot 262 31 84 46 145 100 143 164 164 176 S8 116 132 106 132 152 Average increase with kaiit......... . .235 In 1898 the greatest increase in yield was obtained by the use of a mixture of cotton seed meal and kainit. This mixture was a close second 'to the complete fertilizer in 1899 and 1900 and its average increase for the three years lacked only 36 pounds of seed cotton per acre of equalling the increase due to a -complete fertilizer. Quite unexpectedly, acid phosphate has not been very effective. If this is due to the accumulation of a sufficient supply of phosphoric acid in the soil from the phosphate applied annually for many years before the 27 beginning of the experiment, the value of applications of phosphate should become more marked in future as this supply is exhausted. It would be safe to estimate the amount of phosphate applied annually during the decade before the test began at 200 pounds per 'acre or less. Results on most soils seem to indicate that phosphate is the most important single fertilizing material for cotton. EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED BY J. D. FOSTER, 1 MILE SOUTH OF AUBURN, LEE COUNTY. Light sandy loam, gray' upland; subsoil yellowish clay or loam, not compact. The experiments of 1899 and 1900 were conducted in different parts of the same field, on identical soil. The field, on which the original growth was reported as long-leaf pine, had been in cultivation for a great many years. The crop preceding the experiment of 1899 was corn, with drilled c'owpeas between the rows. The peas made only a moderate growth and were grazed in the fall of 1898. The stand of cotton was uniform. In 1900 cotton was planted May 25. The cotton experiment in 1900 occupied the plots that had been used in 1899 for a similar fertilizer experiment with corn, (having no cowpeas between the rows.) Hence the results of the cotton experiment of 1900 should show not only the immediate effects of each fertilizer, but also the residual or secondyear effects, if there were any lasting benefit from commercial fertilizers used on this light soil. 28 Auburn experiment with cotton on J. D. Foster farm. FERTILIZERS. 1899 1900. a) I )3 0 0O' -~ 0 O O- S O KIND. C ~ md a a) a)_y__ P 0 - Lbs. 1 2 3 4 5 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate ......... 00 No fertilizer........... 200 Kainit.........520 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate. * 200 Cotton seed meal.... 200 Kainit.......... 200 Kaiit...p........4 240 Acid Lbs. Lbs 616 528 336 280 192 .360 Lbs. Lbs. 600 488 432 744 240 128 79 397 744 648 568 183 405 6 7 phosphate""" 0 225 8 528 4 194 8 9 102 _ 00 200 240 200 No fertilizer... ......... Cotton seed meal.... Acid phosphate.. Kainit............ 200 Cotton seed meal.... 240 Acid phosphate... 100 344 664 656 320 312 726 688 398 Kainit.............. 360 Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added : 1899. 1900. To unfertilized plot ... :........ ,....280 lbs. 240 lbs. To acid phosphate plot............213 lbs. 269 lbs. "...124 lbs. 268 lbs. To kainit plot.. .............. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.... 95 lbs. 204 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal, .178 lbs. Increase 245 lbs. of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To' unf ertilized plot ................ To cotton seed meal plot ............ To kainit plot To cotton seed meal and kainit plot Averageincrease with acid phosphate, ............ ........ 192 lbs. 125' lbs. 42 lbs. .. 128 lbs-. 157' lbs. 115 l~bs. 13 lbs. 93 lbs. 51 lbs. 113 lbs. 29 Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: 79 lbs. 183 lbs. To unfertilized plot .............. To cotton seed meal plot ............ 27 lbs. 107 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ............. 33 lbs. 66 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate 1 lb. 85 lbs. plot .. .........................Average increase with kainit..........39 Ibs. 63 lbs.. The figures for the two years agree closely and show that a larger increase was afforded by cotton seed meal than by any other single material. The most profitable of all the fertilizers was a mixture of cotton seed meal was unprofitable. and phosphate. Kainit EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED BY JUDGE T. J. RANDOLPH COUNTY. THOMASON, 2 MILES SOUTH OI' RANBURNE (NEAR KAYLOR), This experiment was made in 1899 on gray land, with yellow subsoil. The soil is described as table land rather retentive of moisture. The preceding crop was cotton. This is the third experiment on a uniform plan conducted by Judge Thomason. (See Bulletin No. 107; p. 274). If we take the average increase of each fertilizer under all conditions we have for the entire period of three years an average increase of 187 pounds of seed cotton per acre attributable to cotton seed meal, 197 to phosphate, and only 31 to kainit. The inference is plain' that a mixture of cotton seed meal and phosphate was all that cotton needed on this soil, and that the addition of kainit, at the rate of 200 pounds per acre, was usually unprofitable. The results for 1899, when kainit afforded a slight profit, were more favorable to potash than were the results of the two previous tests on this soil. 30 The following statements show the average increase in yield for the entire period of three years. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: 217 lbs. To unfertilized plot ....................... lbs. To acid phosphate plot.....................137 156 lbs. To kainit plot ........................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot..........238 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal........187 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate -was added: 264 lbs. To unfertilized plot .. .................... To cotton seed meal plot...................184lbs. lbs. To kainit plot..........................128 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot..........210 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate.........197 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was .added : 90 lbs. To nnfertilize'd plot ..................... 29 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot ................ 80 lbs. plot ...................To acid phosphate To acid phosphate and cotton seed meal........ Average increase with kainit........ ........... 54 lbs. 31 lbs. MILE EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED BY T. T. MEADOWS NORTH OF CUSSETA, CHAMBERS COUNTY. Soil, red, stoney; subsoil red clay. 1899, is the third experiment conThis test, made dncted on similar soil by Mr. Meadows. (See Bulletin -n ~No. 107, p. 274.) Giving attention to the average results for the. three Tears we find that the principal need of this soil was for 31 acid phosphate, which gave an average increase of 202 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed meal was added to the phosphate with profit, kainit was not needed. The red clay soils of the Metamorphic Region in this part of the State seem to contain sufficient potash for the ordinary needs of the cotton crop, though when black rust is prevalent kainit is beneficial even here. but Statemenits of the average increase in yield for the three years follows: Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: lbs. To unfertilized plot.......................109 To acid phosphate plot....................156 lbs. To. kainit plot............................164 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot...........128 lbs. Average lncrease with cotton seed meal........139 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added : To unfertilized plot......................192 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot ................... 239 lbs. To kainit plot............................217 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot ........... 189 lbs. ... 202 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate...... Incease~ of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added : To unfertilized plot ................ ......8 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot................... 43 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ...................... 15 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate -9 lbs. plot.... Average increase with kainit................. 10 lbs. 32 EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED IN 1900 BY W. N. INGRAM, MILES EAST OF OPELIKA, LEE COUNTY. 8 The description of the land seems to indicate that the soil was a yellowish loam, with subsoil of somewhat the same character, and not compact. The original growth is reported as oak and hickory, which been removed about forty years before. The rainfall excessive in June. The preceding crop was corn. The results.are not entirely conclusive, but on the whole they show that 'cotton seed meal was profitable and that the returns from the other fertilizers this wet year were not satisfactory. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: added: Tio unfertilized plot.......................248 lbs. To acid phosphatepl0ot........bs. To kainit plot.............................242 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot............180 lbs. had was Average increase with cotton seed meal.........160 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 96 lbs. lbs. T'o unfertilized plot......................... To cotton seed meal plot.........-182 To kaini't plot ............................ To cotton seed meal and kainit plot............ 87 lbs. 25 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate............ added: To unfertilized plot .. ..................... To cotton seed meal plot.................... To acid phosphate plot ............ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate 7 lbs. 29 lbs. 23 lbs. 20 lbs. lbs. Increase -of seed cotton per acre when kainit was plot. .. .,230 ....... ..... Average increase with kain it ........... 75 lbs. 33 Kaylor, Casseta and Opelika experimnrts with cotton. FERTILIZERS. KAYLOR. 1899. 4.j OUSSETA. OPELIKA. 1899 -4-D 0 - 1900. 4-j o .ND o a)--J -4 d P ;-4 (ad) Lbs. 1 2 200 240 Acid Cotton phosphate...848 seed meal.. Lbs. 888 Lbs. 112 72 Lbs. 296 456 Lbs. 104 264 Lbs. 1000 Lbs. 248 96 3 200 K ainit.nt .sl. .z. 4 . .. . . . . . . 804 00 N o t e e .r 074 20 4Acotphosphate. .. e) l )S 848 8006 85 3490 . . 15 22 5 1 4 304 472 --.34 5 . 2 97 260 29 6 271 116 7 8 9 10 200 Cotton seed meal. nit.......... 240 Acid phosphate ... < 3 944 872. 232 182 1080 944 848 . 200 Kainit.......... 00 No fertilizer........ 200 Cotton seed meal. 240 cid phosphate ... 200 Kainit...... ...... 200 Cotton seed meal. 240 Acid phosphate... _ ........... 100 Kainit__ 663..... 1124 4 472 __ 216....... 640 424 344 1144 1112 296 264 1140 ___ 560 EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED BY J. C. WATKINS 12 MILES NORTH OF BURNT 1899 and 1900 were made on poor The ,experiments yellowish or chocolate-colored upland sandy soil, with red subsoil. This soil The rainfall in -of 1900 CORN, MONROE COUNTY. 'bakes (badly. was excessive. 'There was no black rust in either year. 1900. This is the fourth experiment made by Mr. Watkins according to 'the present plan. (See Bulletin No. 197, p. 274). Most of the tests have sho'wn that phosphate was more important than cotton seed meal and that kainit only increased the yield; however in 1900 kainit was the most effective fertilizer. The table on page 3 4 gives the yields for 1899 and 34 The average results for 4 years show that phosphate gave an average increase of 207, seed meal of 151, and kainit of 70 pounds seed cotton per acre. -of cotton Burnt Corn experiments with cotton. FERTILIZERS. 0 1899. 1900. 0P 00rd Q(2) -U 0 F40 : m ; ;-rd rd KIND.NN j C W ' O 1 2 3 4 Lbs. 20J 240 00 200 200 .240 200 7 8 9~ 10 0 200 240 200 00 200 240 200 200 Lbs. 480 Cotton seed meal...... Acid phosphate......... 556 No fertilizer............264 K~init.......... ...... 280 Cotton seed meal. 768 Acid phosphate...... Cotton seed meal.... 5 4 Kainit .......... Acid phosphate...... 684 Kainit............ 208 No fertilizer........... Cotton seed meal. .. 828 Acid phosphate...... Kainit...... ........ Cotton seed meal.... Acid Lbs 216 292 . 2 526 293 465 .368 Lbs. 348 456 408 2 492 588 476 Lbs. -60 48 2 100 204 100 620 736 648 532 280 164 100 Kainit .... phosphate-., ..... 944 tained in 1900, similar statement for other years having ;previously Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal been published : The following figures refer only to the results ob- was added : To unfertilized plot .....................- 52 lbs. ............... phosphate plot ....... To _.... 76 lbs. To kainit plot......................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot............180 lbs. acid "60 lbs. Average increase with cotton seed meal......... 62 lbs. 35 Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was aidded: lbs. To unfertilized plot........................48 To cotton seed meal plot...................160 lbs. 28 lbs. To kainit plot .........................To cotton, seed meal and kainit plot..........76 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate...........64 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: 128lbs. To unfertilized plot ...................... Toocotton seed meal plot ................... 264 lbs. lbs. To acid phosphate plot.....................52 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.....180 lbs. Average increase with kainit............... EXPERIMENT MADE BY 155 lbs. S. OP C.-E. RIVERS, 6 zMILES HURTSBORO, RUSSELL COUNTY. Dark sandy soil, with yellow subsoil. This test was made in 1900 on flat land that might.be designated as second bottom. The land had been cleared about 40 years ago of its original growth of long leaf pine, but for many years before the experiment. began it had been uncultivated planting and had grown up in broomsedge. The date was late and it was noted that many boll's, especially on. of Plots 9 and 10, did not mature. Phosphate under all' conditions was highly profitable. The average increase 'with 'cotton meal was not quite sufficient to yield a profit ; this poor showing oof cotton seed meal i's probably due to the fact that considerable 'and nitrogen must have accumulated vegetable on tile land while it was uncultivated. On fields in matter 36. constant cultivation 'some cotton seed meal would doubtless have been profitable. Kainit was slightly helpful and as a part of a complete fertilizer, containing all three materials, kainit paid a fair profit. Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilizedplot;......................154 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ...................... 30 lbs. To kainit plot ........................... 14 lbs. To acid phosphate and kaini't plot............27 lbs. increase with cotton seed meal.........56 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot.......................240 lbs. 'To cotton seed meal plot .................. 116 lbs. lbs. To kainit plot...........................274 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot..........287 lbs. Average Average increase with acid phosphate..........229 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added : To unfertilized plot....................... 83 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot,...................-57 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ..................... 117 lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot......114 lbs. 64 lbs. ~Average increase with kainit.................. EXPERIMENT MADE IN 1899 BY A. M. TROYER, 4 OF A MILE N. OF CALHOUN, LOWNDES 'COUNTY. The soil is described as a loam fairly retentive 'of water and 'as being of a very light reddish color, with bright red su~bsoil. The second growth of trees, removed about :5 years ago, was short leaf and old field pine. In 1896 and 1897 'this field was not cultivated, and in 1898 the crop was oats. Under all conditions acid phosphate was highly profitable, the average increase attributable to phosphate being 434 pounds per acre. Cotton seed meal was generally profitable, but not to the same extent as phosphate. Kainit was not needed. By far the larger profit was obtained on the plot containing both acid phosphate and cotton seed meal. Mr. Troyer also conducted an experiment in 1900 om similar soil, the results 'of which were entirely inconclusive. They may be found in the table on page 52. In 1900 he also 'tested the most promising 'combinations 'of fertilizers on an adjoining farm, on very sandy soil. The fertilizer for this last test was not furnished by the Experiment Station and a detailed report of the amounts \cid 20)3{Cotton seed meal.... ........ 832 126 24. Lb s. 368 36 2s6 4.18 418 480 Lbs. 72 72 15: 200 197 283 Lbs 568 .... 240 Acid phosphate ..... 200 Cotton seed meal........ . 552 528 575 968 704 760 52 0 624 560 Lbs. 40 24 *49 4413 181 239 ILbs. 562 600 416 568 680 668. 808 552 808 818 Lbs. 136 181 125 210 171 283 Lbs. 752 728 568 784 568 410 456 392 352 544 Lbs. 184 160 252 71 -22 28 Lbs. 600 536 360 296 312 272 264 168 Lbs. 240 176 -24 30 28 60 QI. 200 240 8 200 4 K.a in it .......... 200 00 Acid phosphate........... Kainit.......... ......... No fertilizer............... Cotton seed cdpopae...... £ 528 49 448 meal .......... 560 272 461 432 -48 192 160 104 40 256 -40 480 432 312 200 Kainit 200 . .... .... 278 -208 Cotton seed meal.......... 10 240 Acid phosphate.......... 100 Kainit.......'.... ........ 1152 1 264 Sterrett, Dillbinrg, iiarvyn, Oak bowery and Greensboro experiments with. cotton. i r. FERTILIZERS. _________________ STERJIETT. STERRETT. DILLBURG. MARVYN. 0_. BOWERY. GREENSBORO. 1899., I 1900. 1900. 1899. 1900. 1899. 4. IND C5 0(L~~ V00. 0 00.N ON 0N 0 40N V. ~Lbs 328 0 0- 0 0- ~) Lbs. 120 -- 0 Lbs. I. Lbs Cotton seed meal............. 640 S 240. Acid phosphate .............. 3 No fertilizer .. .............. 200 752 00 Lbs ........ 11 10 928 Li's. -184 Lbs.' 976 Lbs. 508 Lbs. 376 264 Lbs. Lbs. 100 Lbs. 584 56 216 1128 16 0 872 .............. 58 501 20 -16 C6 392'. -24 1C Lbs. 168 2W0 00 95 424 . 280...204!6400Kit..........2888 4 8 200 Ctosedma......744 240 Acid phosphate 275 221 ... 1128 1056 656 199 218 816 816 368 448 448 400 432 36 392 75 85 -0 384 416 08 . 117 156 15 088 T0 0 54 520 285 32 32 1 136. 152 .......... 6 20otnsedma......712 ... S S200 Kainit..... ......... 240 Acid phosphat.... ainit...............8 7 200 536 .......... 8 0(0 No fertilizer ...... 200 Cotton seed meal.... 240 (200 9 Acid phosphate Kainit............... . .. ..... 192 400 152 768 232 936 280 876 488 584 10 200 Cotton seed meal.. .... 240 Acid phosphate............ 100 Kainit........ ~ 760 224 912 256 680 312 688, 296 240 -8 536 Calhoun, Greenville, KIx I. .Evergreen, Union Springs and Abbheville experiments with cotton. GREENVILLE 1900. O ON 0 0 C1 FE RTI LI ZERS. N U C) CALHOUN. EVERGREEN. UNION SPRINGS. ABEVILLE. ABBEVILLE. 1900. 1899.. 0 0 O- 1899. O O ON 1899. G 0 0 . O N 0 1900. 0 O 0Q U0 z. 0 C P4 O N 0 0~4 0 . 0134 0d1 04.-4 fl. 4 4- 2 3 4 10 Lbs. 200 240 00 200 200 240 200 240 240 200 00 200 240 200 200 240 100 Cotton seed meal........... Acid .phosphate....... No fertilizer..... ......... ....... Kainit ........... . Cotton seed meal ........ Acid phosphate ............ Cotton seed meal........... Acid phosphate ............ Kainit.......... .......... Lbs. Lbs. 444 80 300 -64 364 408 -7 256 -210 640 123 96 Lbs . 1016 968 960 1144 848 576 448 Lbs. 563 520 52 696 400 128 Lbs. 882 764 612 808 840 896 1016* 904* 1420* 1137"6"1 4244 270 152 196 228 284 404 Lbs. 152 20 70 Lbs. 320 216 137 274 276 276, 184 144 208 456 469 368 336 608 568 912 496 568 704 376 -96 -80 656 440 552 661 640 416 31[2 Lbs-. 152 40 27237 21t 71 L . 664 620 624 79 272 400 No fertilizer..... .......... Cotton seed meal..... Acid ii ........ phosphate ............ . 4 880 768 432 320 516* 776 944 72 240 584 712 272 232 Cotton seed meal........ Acid phosphate ......... Kainit ........ 6441 24 462* *Not comparable with Plots 1-6, being in different part of field.