}BULLETIN No. 175

r

4

~,JANUARY, 1914

iil

ALAB AMA

Agricultural Experiment Station
OF THE

Alabama Polytechnic Institute
AUBURN

Local Fertilizer Experiments With Cotton irn North Alabama in 1913
J. F. DUGGAR, J. T. WILLIAMSON, and L. J. HAWLEY.

Opelika, Ala. Post Publishing Company 1914

COMMITTEE OF TRUSTEES ON EXPERIMENT STATION.
HON. HON.

R. H.

F. L.

KOLB------------------------------------------MARTIN

Montgomery
Ozark

-

---------------------------

HON.

A.

W. BELL--------------------------------------------Anniston

STATION STAFF C. C. THACH, President of the College. J. F. DUGGAR, Director of Experiment Station. DEPARTMENTAL ORGANIZATION.
,AGRICULTURE: BOTANY:

F. Duggar, Agriculturist. E. F. Cauthen, Associate. ,M. J. Funchess, Assistant. J. T. Williamson, Field Agent. iL. J. Hawley, Field Agent. H. B. Tisdale, Assistant.
VETERINARY SCIENCE:

5.

J.

S. Caldwvell, Botanist. A. B. Massey, Assistant.
PLANT PATHOLOGY:

F. A. Wolf,
HORTICULTURE:

Pathologist.

C. A. Cary, Veterinarian. I. S. McAdory, Assistant.
CHEMISTRY:

Ernest Walker, Horticulturist. J. C. C. Price, Associate. G. V. Stelzenmuller, Field Agent.
ENTOMOLOGY:

B. B. Ross, Chemist, State Chemist Anderson, Chemist, Soils and . Crops . C. L. Hare, Physiological Chemist. T. Bragg, First Assistant. S. Adler, Assistant.

5. T.

W. E. Hinds, Entomologist

J.

E. Buck; Assistant.

G. W. Ells, Field Agent.
ANIMAL INDUSTRY:

EXTENSION: L.
J.

N.

Duncan,

Superintendent.*

N.

B. Hobdy,

Assistant.*

A. Negley, Assistant

Mrs. Birdie I. Robinson C. S. Jo ies, Assistant

G. S. Templeton, An'l Husbandman. E. S. Girton, Assistant. S. S. Jerdan, Assistant.* A. R. Gissendanner, Assistant. J. A.. McLeod, Assistant.

*In co-operation with United States Department of Agriculture.

LOCAL FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON IN NORTHERN ALABAMA IN 1913
BY

J.

F. DUGGAR,

J.

T. WILLIAMSON, L.

J. HAWLEY

SUMMARY.
Bulletin No. 175 records the results of 32 fertilizer experiments with cotton conducted by the Alabama Experiment Station in the counties of the northern half of Alabama in 1913. Of these, 21 are regarded as conclusive. In 17 conclusive experiments (that is, 81 per cent of the tests) cotton seed meal was needed and profitable. In 12 experiments, phosphate was more effective than kainit; in 3 it was about equally as important as kainit; and in 2 tests, it was less effective than kainit, though needed; thus in 81 per cent of these experiments acid phosphate was needed to a greater or less extent. In 2 experiments kainit was more important than phosphate, and in 3 cases it was about equally as effective as phosphate; and in 11 instances kainit, though needed, was less effective than phosphate; that is, in 76 per cent of these experiments, kainit was needed to a greater or less extent. This table shows that, as a rule, the complete fertilizers (on plots 12, 10, and 9) were more profitable than cotton seed meal, acid phosphate, or kainit applied singly or in pairs. The complete fertilizers were also the most profitable applications in 1911 and 1912 in North Alabama. In the general average it was more effective and more profitable in all three years to apply 100 pounds of kainit in a complete fertilizer (plot 10) than to use 200 pounds of kainit (Plot 9). The average of the conclusive experiments shows that in 1913 in North Alabama 100 pounds of nitrate of soda applied after the plants were six inches high was more effective and profitable than was 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting. The average results of 21 conclusive experiments are shown in the following table:

Lbs.
1 200

2 3
4

240 000 200 200

C. S. Meal Acid Phosphate No fertilizerKainit ___------,C. S. Meal-----IAcid

--_
_ -

----69

Lbs. 132 172

$ 2.84

5.89
--__-

1.49

219
1733

:i
7

240

Phosphate

200 C. S. Meal 200 Kainit ___3.39
000 No fertilizer
.

-----

-

177 193 315
325
---

---

___--

8

240 Acid Phosphate -5.42 200 Kainit-------

5.42

9

1
1

--------240 Acid Phosphate-__20(0 Kainit
200 iC. S. Meal

7.79
8.90
-

200 C. S. M eal--------240 Acid. Phosphate

100 Kainit____________
11 12 000 No fertilizer-- 240 Acid Phosphate
100 Kainit_.________66

---

10.73

100 Nitrate of Soda (late)

Introductory.
The chief object of these local fertilizer experiments or soil tests his been to ascertain the best combination of fertilizers for cotton, growing on each of the principal soils of the. northern half of Alabama.
The. results

recorded

in this

bulletin were obtained

in fertilizer

experiments conducted with funds appropriated by the Legislatureof in February, 1911, to the Experiment Station, for making local experiments with crops, fertilizers, fruits, live. stock, insects, plant diseases, etc. This bulletin deals only with fertilizer experiments carried to conclusion in 1913 in the northern half of the State. For

'Alabama,

ience

conven-

a

the counties grouped together in this bulletin are those lying-

north of the Central Prairie or Lime

Region.

The results of fertilizer experiments made in the counties lying south of or within the Central Prairie Region appear in Bulletin No. 174 of this Station.
Local fertilizer tests constitute only one of many lines of

exper-

the

iments instituted in 1911 by the Alabama Experiment Station with support of State funds. Local fertilizer experiments as now conducted are made by farmers especially recommended as being men likely to take the ;necessary pains to secure accurate results. Small lots of carefully weighed and mixed fertilizers were supplied to each experimenter. Detailed instructions as to how to conduct the experiment and blank forms for reporting results were also furnished. Representatives of the Station inspected the experiments here published as often as practicable. The directions sent to each experimenter stated that the land employed for this test should be level and uniform, not manured in recent years, not in cowpeas the preceding year, and that it should be representative of large soil areas in its vicinity. The need of perfect uniformity and standard treatment for all plots (except as to kind of fertilizer used) was emphasized. Fertilizers were applied in the usual manner that is, drilled before planting, except nitrate of soda which was directed to be applied when the plants were 6 to 10 inches high. Bulletins thus far published in this series detailing the results of local fertilizer experiments with cotton on this uniform plan are the following: For South Alabama-Bulletins No. 160, 169, and 174. iFor North Alabama Bulletins No. 162, 170, and 175. The reader should bear in mind that there are great numbers of different soils in Alabama, and that even the same soil would give different results in different years, depending on how it had been cropped, fertilized, and cared for in the year or two immediately preceding the test. It is'the purpose of the authors in later years to publish bulletins classifying the soils on which all these tests are made and drawing conclusions relative to the needs of each class of soils. However, before this can be safely done, these experiments must be often 'repeated, so that the average results may teach clearly the fertili'zer requirements of each distinct type of soil. Averaging the results obtained on dissimilar soils will not afford ,the desired information. Neither will chemical analysis of the .soil indicate what fertilizers are needed.

6 WEATHER CONDITIONS. The average rainfall in the part of Alabama covered by these experiments is given below by months, according to datafurnished by the Alabama Weather Service. There was a severe drought in August in most localities. In. 1913 killing frost occurred much earlier than usual, Oct.,21.
Inches.Inches Inches JulyJan._--------7.42 Apr._____ 2.25 Aug. Feb. ------- 6.03 May------4.10 Sept. 3.69 7.00 June - -Mar. ----3.95 2.59
-

-2.11 Nov_'_-_1.25
Inches
Oct.
Dec.

5.77

LOCATION OF EXPERIMENTS.
NAME POST OFFICE COUNTY -35 Brent-- --------- James, J. D.B--Bibb ------Oneonta --------- Harris, R. R. Blount -- ----Eros, T. ___4 ..--Weavers Calhoun -39 Tatum, A. A. Chambers _____LaFayette-Bluff . _Williamson, D. N. Cherokee----J. F. Gaylesville__--- -Westhrook, Cherokee Chilton------- Thorsby--------- Foshee, R. M.---37 Harris, G.H.9 Tuscumbia Colhert Calloway, J. S._Goodvater Coosa
PAGE

---------

44
27
-

-----

Cedar

---

25
44

--------

Cullman_--___

DeKalb Etowah Etowah
*Fayette

Ventress, T. A. -----Gadsden -- - Able, D. C.-44 Hawkins, J. T. Steele ----- ------____-. Fayette - - - - -Bradley, J. Q. -

----Collinsville -----

Hanceville

----Brown, ------

J. A.

--

-

44
- 22

- - -- Russellville --- Hester, - - - Vail, P. -- - -- M illport-Courtland _._-Marion, Lawrence
Frankiin Lamar

Limestone --M adison--Madison --Marion
Marion

------

R. A. H.

------------ 12- -- - - --- --- - __--44

-. ____4

P. H.

-_----Glen Allen----

---

Athens . Huntsville Huntsville
Gum
i

_---Eighth

----

Dist. Agr. -----C.- E. --_Hoy, Johnston, W . H. Letson, WV. P. __.._______45

School ----------- 11. ---- 44 -____-_

14-

------ -------45
--

----

Marshall-----Boaz Morgan Pickens-----Reform

-

------Hartselle -----

-

----iBurleson,

------

H. C. -_-----------18 ---------Hartsell, G. W...---Langdon, T W._-

Phillips,

A.

H-------

19

16. 29 4t 32

Pickens----- Aliceville _---

Turnipseed, G. C--------41

Longshore, W. 0. Randolph--Roanoke-.-Shelby-------_-Calera--_--------Alexander, W. R.---------------Shelby--------- Columbiana --- Choate, E. P. ----------Springville ----- Burks, J. P.--------------------St. Clair --_ Bros. -------------

--------_--_-_

34
40

Tuscaloosa--Northport
Walker ---Cordova
.-

_--

Smith

44

Alexander, G. L.

- -----

------- 31

THE FERTILIZERS USED. The following prices are used, as representing approximately theaverage cash price in local markets during the last few years: Acid Phosphate (16 per cent. available) .
Cotton seed meal -.

Per Ton $14.00
$30.00

Kainit
Nitrate of soda

--------------------

$14.00
$60.00

-...

Prices naturally vary in different localities. Any one can substi-. tute the cost of fertilizers in his locality for the prices given above. In each experiment three plots were left unfertilized, these being plots 3, 7, and 11. When these yields differed widely the experiment was classed as inconclusive. The increase on plots 4 to 6 is calculated on the assumption that the gradation in fertility is uniform from plots 3 to 7; likewise the increase is calculated for plots 8 to 10 inclusive.* PRICE ASSUMED FOR SEED COTTON. The price assumed is $20.00 per ton for seed, and 13 cents per pound for lint. This is equal to 5 cents per pound for seed cotton turning out 331% per cent. of lint. Deducting o cents per pound as the average cost of picking and ginning, and we have left 4.4 cents as the net value per pound of the increase of seed cotton due to fertilizers. This latter is the figure used in all financial calculations.
,For the standard method employed in this Bulletin for calculating the. increased yield, see Alabama Station Bulletin 160 or 162.

Pounds per aire of fertilizers; nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and" :potash used and composition of each mixture.
FERTIZRSMIXTURE
COST

OF

CONTAINS

FERTILIZERS

V/

KIND
xOF

c

a

10

FERTILIZER°

6
O 6

Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal
In 100 lbs. c. s.

_-1_ meal*
--

2 4

06
8

31.68 38.401400 240 Acid phosphate16.00 In 100 lbs. acid plos 200 Kainit -_----------------- ---- -- 24.60 1 . - ---In 100 lbs. kainit200 Cotton seed meal 1358 44.16 3.54 240 Acid phosphate 3.09 10.04 0.80 In 100 lbs. above mixtB 13.58 200 Cotton seed meal 200 Kainit 35 5.76 28.14 In 100 lbs. above mixt__ 3.39 1.44 7.03 240 Acid phosphate_____ S -200 Kainit

--

Lbs. 13.58
6.79

Lbs.

Lbs.

5.76

2.88.1.77
1

$

0

30

----

S

14 00 2127
2 0

1.40 4.68

S

-----

191.200
40~

In 100 lbs. aboven

--

13.99

3.08

240 Cotton seed

200 Acid phosphate--

meal---

xt---.

8.73 13.58

5.59

44.16 28.14)

Kii In 100 lbs. above rixt_

19.00 2.12
13.58

6.08

200 Cotton seed meal
240 Acid 100 Kainit-----

phosphate -----

-------

6.90
44.16

4.40)
15.84 20.13 5.38

In 100 lbs. above mixt_

12

240 Acid phosphate

100 Kainit_
100 Nitrate of

In 100 lbs. above mixt-

soda ------

---- 14.00
3.18

2 59

8.18

2.93
24.45 5.38

16.00. 12.30

8.73

2.80

*Average of many analyses. eCounting all' the phosphoric acid in cotton seed meal as available.

Those

farmers who are more accustomed to the word ammonia

than to the term nitrogen, can change the figures for nitrogen into their ammonia equivalents by multiplying by 1I%.

,COLBERT

COUNTY, 2 MILES EAST OF TUSCUMBIA.
G. H. HARRIS.

Dark clay valley soil, with red clay subsoil.

Recent crops on this land had been cotton. The three largest increases in yield were afforded by Plots 10, 12, and 9, each of which received a complete fertilizer differing slightly in composition. The largest pro-fit was afforded by that used on Plot 10, consisting of a complete fertilizer of 200 pounds cotton seed meal, 240 pounds acid phosphate, and 100 pounds kainit. The largest profit due to fertilizers (Plot 10), was $5.71 per acre, or 106 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. July, August, and September were very dry, so that the full effects of the fertilizers were not shown. The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 89 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate 80 pounds; and with kainit there was on the average a loss of 2 pounds. However, all three fertilizer constituents when used together in a complete fertilizer made a far -better showing than indicated by the above figures. The -complete fertilizers always showing a profit in spite of the Sextremely dry weather. It is noticeable that 100 pounds of kainit in a complete fertilizer afforded a larger yield than did double this amount. There were practically no rains worth mentioning after the nitrate was applied. This is the third year that Mr. Harris has made the same experiment on exactly the same plots. In 1911 cotton caterpillars practically ruined the experiment, but even then nitrogen and phosphate were profitable. In 1912 nitrogen was the most important fertilizer constituent, but phosphate was somewhat effective. Taking the three years' results as a whole, it would seem .advisable to use on this soil the fertilizer employed on Plot 10.

10
Increase of seed cotton. per acre when cottonseed meal was added: .. ........ To unfertilized plot...... lbs. ............ To acid phosphate plot........... lbis. .............. To kainit plot .................. 140 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.......

152''lbs.

20 84

Average

increase 2with

cotton seed meal

--

-

--

89

lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 128 lbs. To unfertilized plot.................... 44 lbs. .... To cotton seed meal plot........ 9...0 ......... To kainit plot....... 146 lbs. cotton seed meal and kainit plot..........

To

s.

Average increase with acid phosphate

---

-

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot........................-6 ...... To cotton seed meal plot...........
To acid phosphate
:plot...... .. .........

added:
....

80 lbs.

lbs.
74 44

To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate
A'verage increase with kainit-----------------_ __

plot.
_--------2

lbs.
lbs.

lbs.

116 ibs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from: use of different quantities of kainit:
pounds kainit..... ........... From use of From use of 10 0 pounds kainit...............

200

116. lbs. lbs.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete
fertilizer
...... . ..................

144
140
20

Increase from use of nitrate of soda.................
Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by

------

160

lbs.

lbs. lbs.

11 Experiments in Colbert.and Limestone Counties
TUSCUMBIAATHENS

a3

KIND OF
Z
y'
r + c s

FERTILIZER
oN

C D
"
'b a

n
ca

gz

~,
$36

c
Lbs.
6

°
e

Lbs.C
1 200 ICotton

n
seed

m
meal.-

Lbs. I
432

Lbs.
152

Lbs.
2$15

23. 4

6

6

240 Acid phosphate___ 000 No fertilizer------200 Kainit 200 C. S. Meal _ ___ 240 Acid phosphate 200' C. S. Meal42 200 Kainit
000

_-

408 280
312

128

-

-6

-736

3951

816
640

80
36

1.84
-2.98

-1.66

464 46 78 432-496

0

0

1

No fertilizer

_

8 9'
10

200ainitospa-phoate 24200 Kainit 200 C. S. Meal______ 240 Acid phosphate _200 Kainit. 200 C. S. Meal______ 240 Acid phosphate
100 Kainit----------

528 680
720

84 224
252

0.62 3.78
5.71

504 496
544

20

-2.20

24 -5.02
84 -1.68

11

240

000 No fertilizer------Acid phosphate1_
100 Nitrate of soda

480
712 II

2448
232
_ _

)

LIMESTONE COUNTY, 1- MILE SOUTHEAST ATHENS.
EIGHTH DISTRICT AGRICUJLTURAL SCHOOL

OF

(W. R. NETTLES, Agriculturist.)

Red clay loam,, with red clay subsoil.

This typical upland soil of the Tennessee Valley had been in cultivation for many years. The preceding crop
was corn without cowpeas. There was so little rain May, June, July, and August that none of the ferti-

ing

dur-

lizers were very effective. In the two preceding years nitrogen had been the most

effective

fertilizer, but phosphate and potash had also

been helpful, though to a smaller extent.

12

Increase
To To To To

of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed unfertilized plot..........................32 acid phosphate plot.......................96 kainit plot................................80 acid phosphate and kainit plot.............4

meal was

added:
lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs.

Average increase with cotton seed meal______5lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was

To unfertilized plot..........................80 To cotton seed meal plot .........
To kainit plot...............................56

added:

.....

16

lbs. lbs.
lbs.

To cotton seed meal and kainit plot............-20
Average increase 'with acid phosphate-

lbs.

--

--

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot.........................36

added:
...

-

5 lbs.

lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot......................12 To acid phosphate plot.........................60 To-cotton seed meal and acid phosphate
Average increase 'witlh kainit-

lbs.
plot
-

40
11

lbs. lbs.
lbs.

-----

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: lbs. From use of 200 pounds kainit...............40 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit...............100 Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer...................................4 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................40 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

by. .

36 lbs.

FRANKLIN COUNTY, 41/2 MILES EAST OF RUSSELLVILLE.
R. A. HESTER.

clay- subsoil. This upland soil had long been cleared of its original
with reddish
growth: of hardwoods.

-Reddish sandy clay,

For. several

years

preceding,, this

experiment it had been used. for pasture... The season vas dry. ?Qthis .pasture, land well.. stocked with humus., acid phosphate was the fertilizer chiefly, needed. average increase. attributable to cotton seed meal
w

524 pounds ; and to kainit only 38 pounds. The largest. profit per acre was obtained on Plot 2,

The ,pounds
82

of seed cotton per acre; to -acid phosphate

13 fertilized ith only 240 pounds of acid phosphate. This afforded a profit of $25.95 per acre, or 1545 per cent on. the investment in fertilizer. Every combination in which phosphate was used afforded a profit, usually above $23.00 per acre. Doubtless most soils in the same vicinity which have been in cultivation are much more in need of nitrogen than was this pasture land.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was To unfertilized plot...........................136 ............ To acid phosphate plot............. .......................... To kainit plot...... To acid phosphate and kainit plot.............100 A'verage increase 'with cotton seed meal__2___lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was .................... To unfertilized plot.'. ...... ................ To cotton seed meal plot .
To kainit plot..............
To cotton seed

added: 88

lbs.

4 lbs. lbs.
lbs.

496

628

added:
lbs.

..................

meal and kainit

plot.............
-

480 lb s.
492

lbs._
lbs.

A'verage increase 'with acid

phosphate

524 l bs .

Increase of seed. cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized. plot ..........................

added:

100 lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot.......................
To acid phosphate plot........................ To cottona see~d meal and acid phosphate plot.......
Average

-48 lbs. 48 lbs.
38 lbs..

52tbs.-

increase 'with

kainit---

- - ---------

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities.
of

kainit:
of

Prom use of
From use

200 100

pounds kainit............... pounds kainit...............

48 20

tSo.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete 100 . fertilizer...................... 1Nsr~ -16 Increase from. of nitrate of soda................

use

Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda

by. .

116

lbs.

11 Experiments in Franklin and Lawrence Counties
RUSSELLVILLE COURTLAND

0

o
N
O

I
4

Qo 0O

z

6 o
0 SN

KIND OF

D
3C QNa, *F

°N

o,
% 04-

°N

FERTILIZER

~z,

Cn
Q-

o

o

0

1 2 3

61

Lbs. 200 240 000 4 200' 200 C. S. Meal 240 Acid phosphate-S 200 C.S. Meal

Lbs. Cotton seed meal _ 752 1244 Acid phosphate 616 No fertilizer Iainit _ ____ ~___-_704
1244
768

I

Lbs. 136 '$ 2.98 628 25.95
-

100
632
180

.0
23.13

Lbs. Lbs. 248 480 264 32 2326 32 4
496 192

$

7.91 0.27 05
3.77

200 Kainit_______
000 240 200 200 240 200 200 240
100

7 8

10 11
12

.

No fertilizerAcid phosphateKainit__________ C. S. Acid phosphate Kainit________ __n C. S. Meal-----Acid phosphate

-----}1
568 1104 1160

7. 580 680 652 22.44 23.84 23.31 376 456 768 784 430
536 18.20 864 384 11.52

54 340 330

0.70 8.88 9.14

Meal__-_

1082
392
928

IKainit____

___

000 240 100 100

No fertilizer--__ Acid phosphate
Kainit

Nitrate of soda

S

LAWRENCE COUNTY, 1 MILE. SOUTH OF COURTLAND.
P. H. MARIAN.

Light reid sandy loam, Wit/h red clay subsoil.

This sandier phase of the Tennessed valley soil had been All recent crops had in cultivation for many, years. been cotton. The summer was very dry. The stand

was

The largest increase, 384 pounds of seed cotton per acre, resulted from the use on Plot 12, of a complete fertilizer containing, per acre, 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. This plot also afforded the largest net profit due to

uniform.

15 fertilizers, namely: $11.52 per acre, or 214 per cent.. on next largest increases the investment in fertilizer. and profits were also obtained from the complete fertiand 9. Evidently this soil lizers employed on Plots needs a complete fertilizer. In the complete fertilizer nitrogen was in 1913 the most important constituent, but phosphate and potash were also profitable. pracIn the complete fertilizer 100 pounds of kainit tically as effective and actually more'profitable. than double this amount. Nitrate of soda at the rate of 100 pounds per acre applied June 24th, afforded a larger yield than did 200 pounds of cotton seed meal used before planting.

-The

10

was

Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was To unfertilized plot..........................248 To acid phosphate plot......................160 To kainit plot..... ...... To acid phosphate and kainit plot...............286
A'vera -e increase with cotton seed meal ._

added:

lbs.

96

lbs. lbs.

lbs.

198 lbs.

[ncrease of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was 32 lbs. To unfertilized plot.. ....................... 56 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot.... .................lbs. To kainit plot................................10 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot............200 lbs.

added:
47

A'verage, increase

wvith

acid plhosp hate---------

lbs_

Increase of seed cotton per acre when .... To unfertilized plot.....

kainit
I................

was

added:
..
.

To cotton seed meal plot................. ... . ............... phosphate To To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot

acid

plot.

-108

44

lbs.

148
148
..
.

lbs. 22 lbs. lbs.
27 lbs.

Average increase withz kainit

------------- --

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities
of

kainit:

From use of From use of

200
100

............ pounds kainit .... pounds kainit.............138

lbs. lbs.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete
fertilizer....................... Increase from use of nitrate of

soda.....

........ ..... ......

286

lbs. 340 lbs.

Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed -meal by.

54 lbs.

16 MORGAN COUNTY,

I

MILE EAST OF HARTSELLE.

G. W. HARTSELL.

Fine sandy loam, with yellow clay subsoil.

This upland had been in cultivation for about 25 years,. but had not been cultivated in 1912. The summer was one of the driest ever experienced and some rust was present, being worse where there was no kainit. Ver:r little rain fell between June 15 and September 30. This probably explains why there was not a larger increase in crop from the use of either nitrogen or phosphate. The three plots which received a complete fertilizer (Plots 12, 10, and 9) afforded the largest increase in yield. The largest profit was afforded by Plot 12, fertilized with 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. On this plot the profit due to fertilizer was $9.40 per acre, or 175 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase due to cotton seed meal in this dry year was only 5 pounds; to acid phosphate 74 pounds; and to kainit 209 pounds. In spite of the. effectiveness of kainit and the dryness of the season, 100 pounds of kainit was fully as useful as 200 pounds.
Increase To To To To of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was unfertilized plot......................... acid phosphate plot..................... kainit plot................... .......... acid phosphate and kainit plot............. . increase with cotton seed meal added: 96 lbs. 74 lbs. 38 lbs. 4 lbs. 5 lbs.

Average

----------------

increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot............. ............ 12 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot..................... 182 lbs. To kainit plot............... .... ............ 65 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot........... .31 lbs. Average increase with acid phosphate-.... _----75 lbs

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot............ .......... 167 lbs.

17
To cotton seed meal plot...................... To acid phosphate plot....................... To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.
A'verage increase

301. lbs._
220

tbs.
lbs.

150

withs

kainit----------

--- --

209 llbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit............... 150 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit............... Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer. ........................... 4 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda............... lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by Ibs

162

Its.

92

88

Experiments in Morgan and Marshall Counties.
HARTSELLE BOAZ

0
62 O
E.G

Q

O
Q0°a

s-0p

~ e

~2 FERTILIZER
Cotton seed meal.

KIND OF

°

°N

~ v
C) G U O C0 v -

6 7

11 12i I

Lbs. 200 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 000 24() 200 200 240 200 200 .240 100 000 240 100 100

Acid

phosphate_.

No fertilizer-___ Kainit__ _ _ _ _ C. S. Meal___
Acid

Lbs., 384 492 480
632

Lbs.
-96

12

7.22 1.15 5.95 0.90

167
86 205
_ _ _

Kainit_ _ _ _ _ No fertilizer-Acid phosphateK ainit__ __ _._
C. S.

C. S.

phosphateMeal___

536 640
420

Lbs. Lbs. 728 400 $14.60 5.36 488 160 328 1.68 70 400 1.48 140 472 704 336 560 728 784 352 370 220
284

Ri

4.62 7.13

11.88 6.60 6.42 13.80"

628
608 596 324 660 I I

232

Acid

Meal---

phosphate__

236 248

4.30 5.53

Kainit_ _ _ _ _ C. S. Meal___ Acid phosphateKainit__ _ _ __
No

436

Kainit__ _ _ Nitrate of soda I - ~ -

Acid

fertilizer

-

phosphate__

336 I

9.40

816

464

15.04

18

MARSHALL
Gray

COUNTY, 212 MILES EAST OF
H. C. PHILLIPS.
sandy loam,

BOAZ.

with yellow sandy subsoil.

This upland soil had been cleared about 20 years. The -preceding crop was corn. Dry weather the early part of August did some damage. The largest increase, 464 pounds of seed cotton per acre; a profit of $15.04 per acre, or 278 per cent on investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 12, which a complete fertilizer containing .. 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100,pounds nitrate of soda. The second largest increase, 436 pounds of seed cotte per acre, was also obtained from a complete fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed mea was 186 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate pounds; and to kainit, 61 pounds. An application of 100 pounds of kainit was more efective than 200 pounds when applied in a complete fer.tilizer. slightly Nitrate of soda applied June 28

the

received

3

134
ing.

effective than was cotton seed

meal applied before plant3 00 64

was

more

Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was adde~d:
To unfertilized plot

.....................

400 lb s.
20 lb lbS.
lbs.

To

To acid phosphate plot.........................
kainit plot................................ To acid phosphate and
cottoui
seed

kainit

plot...............

A verage increase 'witli

meal

------

186 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre ewhen acid phosphate was adde': ids. To unfe'rtilized plot..................160 2 60 lbs. To cotton seed m eal plot....................... To kainit plot. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ls. natinit plot.............. cal To cotton seed
Average inecrease -withi
To

acid

and

150 lbs.
86
34 iio

phzosphaemn/-acre

Increase of seed cotton per

when kainit

unfertilized

-n-as added:

--

plot............................

70

fb s.

19
To cotton seed meal plot.........................30 To acid phosphate plot........................60 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot. ...
Average

lbs.

144 lbs.
61 lbs.

lbs.

increase mwitI kainit -

__-

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit................144 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit................296 Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer....... ............................. lb lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................92

lbs.

64

Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

by.

28 lbs.

MARION

COUNTY , 5 MILES

NORTH OF

GUIN.

A. H. BURLESON

Light reddish loam, with stiff ree subsoil. This oak and hickory upland had been in cultivation for nany years. Recent crops had been cotton. The largest increase and the largest profit due to fertilizers were obtained on Plot'12, which received a complete fertilizer including nitrate of soda. On this plo the increase was 392 pounds of seed cotton per acre; the net profit due to fertilizers was $11.87 per acre, or 221 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed mend
was pou.-nds of seed cotton per acre ; to acid phosphate only 10 and with kainit there was on the average

112

a loss of 30 pounds.
Nitrate

pounds;
of

soda

applied June 20, was. much more effective and profitable than 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied befor~e planting.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was To plot........................... 2 52

at

the rate

of 1 00 pounds

per acre

unfertilized

added:

lbs. lbs.

To acid phoeshate plot.........................8
To kainit plot............................
.. .

30

2 lbs. lbs.

To acid phosphate and kainit plot...............
Alverage incrensee
Lit/

84
... 96

cotton seed seen

___

_______

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid, phosphate was

added:

112 lbs. lbs.

To unfertilized plot.........................

20
To cotton seed meal plot......................-74 To kainit plot. .................... To cotton seed meal and kainit plot............35 Average increase lbs. 19 lbs. lbs.
10 lbs.

with

acid

phosphate--

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot ............................. To cotton seed meal plot...... .................To acid phosphate plot .......................... To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate
Average increase with kainit--..

added:

139

plot. -30 --- 30 -----------

83 32

lbs.
lbs.

lbs.
lbs. lbs.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete
fertilizer......................................

84 lbs.
316 lbs.

Increase from use of nitrate of soda.................
Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

by

232 lbs.

Experiments in Marion and Cu//mon Counties
GUIN
!rioa) O O Qa)
I

HAN CEVILLE
a)dC 0

O

O O

.
crQ

0
0

a)

KIND OF FERTILIZER
'd)

o v~

6114

1 2 3

7

94
10
11 12

4

C i

Lbs. 200 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 000 240 200 200 240 200 200 240 100 000 240 100 100

Cotton seed meal Acid phospbate No fertilizer C. S. Meal____
Acid phosphate S. Meal____

C.

-

Lbs. 920 764 668 744 832 760 640 736 852 896 768

Lbs.

252 $ 8.0O
96 83 178 113
64

Lbs. 464 2.54 1 632
480

Lbs. -16 152
---

$-3.70

2.2 3.155

528
584

--0.71

5.01

48

104 -0.10 2.29 152 - -- - -- 214 6.34 260 402 5.36 12.31

Kainit-

- - --

0.51 7632

No fertilizer----

Acid

phosphate_

Kainit__ _ _. _ C. S. Meal__ Acid phosphate__ Kainit C. 8. Meal___ Acid phosphate__
Kainit--

-0.2(
0.431 1.66

480 6688 728 864 456

148 160

- --_ _

No fertilizer----

Acid
7

phosphate__

Kainit_ _ _

Nitrate of soda

I 1

1160

392
I 1

11.87
1 1

888
1

432

13. C3
1--^-

~~\

21
CULLMAN

COUNTY, I MILE EAST OF
J. A. BROWN.

HANCEVILLE.

Light gravelly loam, with red clay subsoil.

This land had been in cultivation about 17 years. cent crops had been cotton. The largest increase and the largest profit per acre were obtained on Plot 12. This plot received a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda, and afforded an crease of 432 pounds of seed cotton per acre, which gave a net profit of $13.63 per acre, or 253 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 22 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 137 and to kainit, 109 pounds. Apparently this soil needs a complete fertilizer, but one containing only 100 pounds of kainit. Nitrate of soda applied after growth begun was slightly more effective than cotton seed meal.

Re-

in-

-pounds;

Increase of seed. cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was

To unfertilized plot...........................-16
To acid phosphate plot........................-48
To kainit plot

added:
tbs.

lbs.

...............................

104
46

lb s.

To acid phosphate and kainit plot......... .......
A-verage increase with cotton seed meal

lb s.
lbs.

- -----------.... .......

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was
To unfertilized plot

..........................

152

added:

22 lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot .................. To kainit plot ........................
To cotton seed meal and kainit

plot.............

120 166
108

lbs. lbs.
lbs.

Average increase wvith acid phosphate

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot........................

added:
.

-

137 lbs. 48 lbs.
lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot.
Average iucrease wvithkant

.. .. .. .. ..

.........

16 8
62
-

To acid phosphate plot...................... . To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot. ...
--

lbs. 156 lbs. 109 lbs.

Increase of seed, cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit................156

lb

22
From use of 100 pounds kainit...............298 Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer................................. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................76 Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal
lbsA

46

by

lbs. lbs.

30 lbs.

ETOWAH COUNTY, 31

MILES EAST OF STEELE.

J, T. HAWKINS. Yellowish-brown flatwoods soil, wit/h very stiff reddish clay subsoil.

This land was selected as typical fiatwoods soil mapped by the U. S. Bureau of-Soils as Conasauga Clay. There was much rain in the latter part of June and also in the latter part of July. All three of the plots receiving complete fertilizers (Plots 12, 9, and 10) lead in productiveness and in profit. The largest profit was afforded by Plot 12, fertilized with 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. Plot 12 afforded a profit of $7.29 per acre, or 135 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. This soil evidently needs a complete fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal is 106 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate,
.91

pounds;, and

to kainit,

64 pounds.

In a complete fertilizer 100 pounds of kainit was about. as effective as double this' amount. Nitrate of soda at the rate of 100 pounds per acre applied July 9, was slightly more effective than doublethis amount of cotton seed meal employed before
To unfertilized plot.........................

planting.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To acid phosphate plot............... ........ To kainit plot............................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot.............. Average increase 'with cotton seed meal___________

160 80 80

lbs..

lbs. lbs. 100 lbs. 105 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To unfertilized plot......................... To cotton seed meal plot...................... 48

128 lbs. lb s..

added:

23
To kainit plot..................................84
To cotton seed meal and

kainit

plot.............
_ ________

104 lbs.

lbs. lbs.

Average increase 'with acidphesp hate

Increase~ of seed cotton per acre when kainit was

To unfertilized plot........................... To cotton seed meal plotL......... ............ To acid phosphate plot....................... To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot. A
verage increase

added:
. .

91
64

88 lbs. 8 lb s.. 44 lbs.

lbs-.

7.with kainit- ---- -- --

51 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: lbs. From use of 200 pounds kainit................64 60 lbs. pounds kainit............... From use of Increase from use of cotton seed meal in'complete lbs. fertilizer .................. .................. lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................120 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by.

100

100 20

Experiments in Etow'ah and Calhoun Counties.
STEELE WEAVER

U,

O

t-

.

,

N

V

U

U

C7

j0

O

o
o

a

FERTILIZER
.U))

°
o O U

4
C

+

1
2

Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal__
240 Acid

3
4

000

20
6

No

fertilizer-

phosphate--

Lbs. 784
75 2

Lbs. 160 $
128

4.04
3.95 2.47

Lbs. 57o
710 720

Lbs. 32 $-4.41
102 96 2.81

624
696

08-- ---8 0 20
168

Kainit------

200.C. S. Meal 5 240 Acid phosphate200 C. S.

Meal ---744

80 80 7 6 560 8 0

44 4.7
2.99

88 88 736 672 1 5 86

4 48
80

62 63

2.,82-

-0.88

000 No fertilizer-____-_7 2 0 A cid phosphate -C S. Ma9240 8 200 Kainit__6
200 C. S.

__ _ 12 2 2 12

44 5 8 44

0 0 12 .2 14

Meal.

10
1I 12

240

100 000

Acid phosphateKainit.-__

Ai fertilizer-___ No hsht-

I__
840

268

6.41

1104

306

8.08-

_ 100 Kainit ---100 Nitrate of soda _ a: Farm in Etow~ah county.

576 864

288

7.29

840 1296

14-.6-456---

,'CALHOITN
T. EROS.

24

COUNTY, 112 MILES WEST OF WEAVER.

Red gravelly clay loam, with red clay subsoil.

,ceding
per

This land had been many years in cultivation. The crop was oats followed by cowpeas cut for hay. The largest increase and the largest profit was made on Plot 12, which received a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda. On this plot the increase was 456 poun. of seed cotton per acre, and the profit $14.68, or cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 74 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 152 pounds; and to kainit, 65 pounds. 100 pounds of kainit was just as effective in a complete fertilizer as 200 pounds. Nitrate of soda applied at the rate of 100 pounds per acre June 21, was much more effective than double this amount of cotton seed meal applied before planting. It should be noted that even where cowpea stubble plowed under a few months before there was yet a good profit from application of either cotton seed meal or nitrate of soda.

pre

273

was
lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was

added:
74 lbs

To unfertilized

plot............................32

To acid phosphate plot......................... To kainit plot.................................-16

To acid phosphate and kainit plot................

146 lb 198 lbs. 102 280 6 220
96

lbs. s.

-Increase
-Increase
To

Average increase -withi cotton seed meal

-

of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To unfertilized plot........................... To cotton seed meal plot.......................

added:
lbs. lbs.

To kainit plot.................................. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............
Average increase with acid phosphate

lb s.
lbs.

of seed cotton per acre when kainit was

unfertilized

plot. .............................

- --------- 152 lbs. added:
lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot....................... To acid phosphate plot......................... To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.......
Average increase

112 lbs. 000 lb s. lbs.

wvith

52
6

kii

~

lbs.

25
Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit................52 From use of 100 pounds kainit................58 lbs. from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer...................................198 lbs. from use of nitrate of soda................348 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal lbs.

tbs.

Increase Increase

by150

CHEROKEE COUNTY, 6 MILES NORTH OF LAWRENCE, NEAR GAYLESVILLE.
J. F. WESTBROOK
Gray, sandy, valley soil wit/h reddish,

stiffer subsoil.

The stand was uniform. The season was very dry. The
-soil is apparently that which is mapped by the U. S.

Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Soils, as Hagerstown Loamn. This is the second year in which Mr. Westhas made the experiment on the same plots. In both years the largest profit was made on Plot 12, receiving per acre 240 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds kainit, and 100 pounds nitrate of soda. In 1913 this plot afforded a profit due to fertilizers o~ $18.56 per acre, or 345 per cent on the investment in tilizers. The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 135 pounds of seed cotton per acre ; and to acid phosphate, 189

brook

fer~

but in the applied

Kainit, in most combinations, was not complete fertilizer kainit was profitable. 100 pounds of kainit was as effective in the complete

pounds.

helpful.,

fully

fertilizer as 200 pounds. Nitrate soda at the rate of 100 pounds per acre
July 1, or about two months after planting, was

-of

much more effective than double this amount of cotton seed meal applied before planting. In the preceeding year nitrogen was the main fertilizer -constituent needed..

26
Increase of seed cotton per acre wvhen cotton seed meal wasadded lbs. To unfertilized plot..........................312 lbs. To acid phosphate plot........................108 lbs. To kainit plot............ .................. 154 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot...........

180

Average increase with cotton

seed

meal

135

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To unfertilized plot..........................360 To cotton seed meal plot.....................-60 To kainit plot ............................... To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............214
Average increase -with acid phosiate__ _ Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was

added:

lbs.

lbs.
lbs.

240

lbs. lbs.

89 lbs

To unfertilized plot..........................2 To cotton seed meal plot......................130 To acid phosphate plot....... .............. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot. ....
Average increase with kainit-----------

added:
lbs.
lbs.

118 lbs. 144 lbs.
26 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities
of

kainit:

From use of From use of

200

100

pounds kainit.........144 pounds kainit................

154

lbs. lbs. lbs.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete
fertilizer...................................

Increase from use of nitrate of soda................ Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by..

154 292

lbs. 138 lbs.

27 Experiments in Cherokee County.
GAYLESVILLE CEDAR BLUFF

N0, 5)

0

KIND OF

Q 0

FERTILIZER
w na + ° =

0 "N
°

QSo )

C)

a)8
5
a a_))
° .

o
as y

1 2 3 4

5
I

Lbs. 200 240 000 20 0

Cotton seed meal Acid phosphate--.-_ No fertilizer K a in i t _ -_

-----

Lbs. 648 696 336 4 16 744 648
864

Lbs. 312 $10.73 360 14.16
.2 1 .3 1 6.41 3.61

Lbs. Lbs. 616 216 736 339 40033
46 4 824 528 84

$

o.5 13.10

2.30
15.74 3.87

240 C. S. phosphate_ _ 200 Acid Meal______

6S 7 7

88
10 11

200 C. S. Meal 200 Kainit_ ____j____ 000 No fertilizer----_-_ 240 Acid phosphate 200 Kainit8 ___2
200

------182 752
242

252

464
188

320 2.___.. 396 406 11.34 12.48
800

-----448
376
13.63

240

200
200

1

C.

S.

Meal ---- -

Acid phosphate
Kainit-------

C. S. Meal

240 Acid phosphate-100 IKainit _ _.------000 No fertilizer----_
240 Acid phosphate--~05

-----976
545 1088

-

992

744
384

11.16

54

240aidiphosphate__ 100 Nitrate of soda

544

18.56

824

440

13.98

CHEROKEE COUNTY, 1 / MILES SOUTHEAST OF CEDAR BLUFF.
D. N. WILLIAMSON.

The old which this was made hadbeen intreesland onoak, hickory, experiment leaf pine. The cotton the two preceding years. The original forest were and short land is not

Dark gray loam,

with red clay subsoil.

A similar experiment was conducted on these same plots by Paul Bishop in 1912. The largest increase, 464 pounds of seed cotton peracre, and the largest profit, $15.74 or 341 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was obtained on Plot 5, where
an application of

subject to any special disease.

pounds of acid phosphate. was used. Profits of $13.98 and $13.63 were obtained from Plots 12 and 9,where an ap--

200 pounds of cotton seed meal and 240

28 plication of a complete fertilizer was used. A larger profit was obtained where nitrate of soda was applied about July 1, than where cotton seed meal was used in a complete fertilizer before planting. The average increase of seed cotton per acre, due to cotton seed meal, was 146 pounds; to acid phosphate, 268 pounds; and to kainit, only 4 pounds. In 1912 the largest profit was obtained from an application of a complete fertilizer containing 240 pounds of acid phosphate, 100 pounds of kainit, and 100 pounds of nitrate of soda. The second largest profit was obtained from an application of 200 pounds cotton seed meal, 240 pounds acid phosphate. If conclusions may be drawn from the two years' experimentation, the writers believe that kainit is not needed on this soil. Chemical analysis made of soil of the unfertilized plots, both in 1912 and 1913, showed that this soil contained an average of 0.16 per cent of potash (K 20); this is equal to fully 3200 pounds of total potash in the upper six inches of soil over one acre.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot............... .......... 216 lbs. To acid phosphate plot ...................... 128 lbs. To kainit plot ..................... .... 104 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot .............. 136 lbs.
Average increase 'with cotton seed meal__ 146 lbs

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot.........................336 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot..................... 248 lbs. To kainit plot...............................228 lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot ............ 260 lbs. Average increase 'with acid phosphate

-

-

268 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was added: To unfertilized plot......................... 84 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot..................... -28 lba. To acid phosphate plot...................... - 24 lbs.

29
To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot .... Average increase wnith kainit _-__4 -16 lbs. lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit...............-16 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit............... -88 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer .................................. 136 lbs Increase from use of nitrate of soda............... 200 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal by.. 64 lbs.

PICKENS COUNTY, .1/2 MILES NORTHEAST OF REFORM.
T. W. LANGDON. Fine sandy soil, with fine sandy subsoil.

This old land had been long in cultivation. The original forest trees were oak and hickory. Cotton on this land is subject to rust, though little damage was done by this disease in 1913.
The largest increase, 368 pounds of seed cotton per

acre, and the largest profit, $10.11, or 166 per cent on the investment in fertilizers was obtained on Plot 9, from
the use of a complete fertilizer, containing 200 pounds

of kainit. Profits of $10.10 and $10.03 were obtained from Plots 5 and 6 respectively.
The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 240 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to kainit, 92 pounds; while with acid phosphate there was a loss of 4 pounds of seed cotton per acre, probably due to the peculiar

character of the season.
Cotton seed meal in a complete fertilizer applied before planting was more effective by 208 pounds of seed cotton

per acre than was an application of nitrate of soda on June 15th.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot......................... 144 lbs. To acid phosphate plot...................... 304 lbs. To kainit plot..... ......................... 96 lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot............. .416 lbs.
Average increase with cotton seed meal -240 lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added:

30
To unfertilized plot............................
To cotton seed meal plot.......................
To kainit plot..............................-,2

192 lbs.
80 lbs.

32

bs.

To cotton seed meal and kainit plot..............'40 Average increase -withacid phosphate__-__--______--__--Increttse of seed cotton per' acre when kainit was

lbs.

To unfertilized plot.......................... To cotton seed neal plot....................... To acid phosphate plot........................ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.

added:

=4 lbs.
232

lb s.
lbs.

-80

184 lbs.

32 Ulbs.

.Increasekainit:
of

A

verage

92 lbs. increase -with kainit- - -- - - of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities

From use of200 pounds kainit................ pounds kainit........... From use of

cotton seed meal in complete Increase from ..... . fertilizer............................... Increase from use of nitrate of soda ............ Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by..

100 use of

...

.

32 lbs. 00 lbs. 416 bs. 208 lb 208 tbs.
s.

Experiments in Pickens and Walker Counties. From~~~ f10punakii. ~~~~ a.
REFORM CORDOV-t

'°V of z

0
N

0&Ed
O
.

on
Uc

3.,

UU

FERTILIZER

KINDOF

OJ -.
C3

,

1

Lbs.

Lbs.

Lbs.

2

200 Cotton seed meal
240 000 200 Acidl phosphate-No fertilizer Kainit-----C. S. Acid

544
432 672

144
232
336

$

Lbs.

3.34
8.81
10.10

5'2-0.27

3 4

400-560

'704

Lbs.

672
560
800

112 $1.93
144 000
240

4.66
-1.40

I

20') 240

phosphate

Meal----

4

816

5.8

6
7

200 C: S. Meal-S 200 Kainit -------00 No fertilizer-- -20Acid phosphate-Kainit S. Meal
----

848
_560560

328 -48

10.03

800
704

240
---

6.16 2.s0

200

9 10
11

240 Acid phosphatet S200 Kainit 200 C. S. Meal--240 Acid phosphate1001Kainit__. 000 ftic

200 C,

-- ---

480.
864 800
432

-5.19
10.11 9.40

136

368 336

896 928592

320
344

8.00 9.76

No

240

Acid

phosphate-

-- _ 12~ 1(0 Kainit_.100 Nitrate of soda

560

128

0.25

1104

512

17.15

31 WALKER COUNTY, 3 MILES SOUTH OF CORDOVA.
G. L. ALEXANDER.

Sandy loam soil, with red clay Iubsoil,

This upland soil had been long in cultivation. The original timber had been oak, chestnut, and short leaf pine. The largest increase, 512 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was obtained on Plot 12, fertilized with a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda. This plot also afforded the largest net profit, $17.15 per acre, or a net profit of 319 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal -was 158 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 122 pounds; and to kainit, only 50 pounds. 100 pounds of kainit was, slightly more effective than _200 pounds. Nitrate of soda applied at the rate of 100 pounds pe acre was much more effcctive than 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied before planting. Note the early date, -June 7, on which the nitrate was applied. This is the second year that Mr. Alexander has made this experiiment on the same plots; he also conducted an experiment on similar soil but different plots in 1911. Both in 1912 and 1913 a complete fertilizer containing only 100 pounds of kainit afforded the largest profit ; the results in 1911 agrce with those of the other two years
in
no

phosphate than for potash.

showing
rTo

financial

the greater need for nitrogen and for acid Ind~eed in. 1nI! there 'vas

loss in

omitting

potash entirely..

Increase of seed cotton per acre wxhen cotton seed nmcal

unfertilizedpiot........................... To acid phosphate plot .... ........ ............ To kainit plot..... ......................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot.............. A ucrage increaise wit/i cotton Seed inca!
:Increase of seed cotton per acre

wxas added:
.112 lbs. 6 lbos. lbjs.

240 184

Ms.

158 lbs.
phosphate was

when acid

addced:

To unfertilized plot.............. To cotton seed measl plot................
To kainit plot.................................

............. .....

144 lbs. .128 lbs.

136 lbs.

32
To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.
Average increase with acid phosphate

..........

80

lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot..........................000 To cotton seed meal plot......................128 To acid phosphate plot.......................-8 To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate

added:
...

122 lbs . lbs.

lbs.

plot.

80

lbs.
lbs.

Average increase with kainit _____________ . Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit...............80 lbs. From use of 100 pounds kainit................104 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer...................................184 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................352 lbs. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

by.

.

168

lbs.

SHELBY COUNTY, 3 MILES WEST OF CALERA.
W. R. ALEXANDER. Dark gray loam with dark yellow subsoil

Rust did some damage on Plots, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, and 12, being worst on Plot 5. The stand was good. The largest profits, $18.39, were obtained on Plot 6 fertilized with 200 pounds cotton seed meal and 200
pounds kainit, and on Plot 8 fertilized with 240 pounds

acid phosphate and 200 pounds kainit. The largest average increase. was due to kainit, which, made an average of 361 pounds of seed cotton per acre.. The average increase, attributable to acid phosphate, was
107 pounds of seed cotton per

102 pounds of seed cotton per acre. Cotton seed meal was more effective, when applied
a complete fertilizer before planting than was soda applied. June. 21. The plot on which nitrate is believed to be on poorer soil.

acre; to cotton seed meal,. in_
nitratewas, added:
lb s..

of used

Marked increases and profits were secured in every case. where kainit was used.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was

To unfertilized plot..........................580

33
To acid phosphate plot......................108 ..... ................ To kainit plot..... To acid phosphate and kainit plot...............40

180

lbs.

lbs. lbs.

102 lbs. A'verage increase wit/h cotton seed meal Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 120 lbs. To unfertilized plot......................... 148 lbs. To cottoni seed meal plot....................... lbs. ........................ To kainit plot ...... 10 lbs. kainit plot.............. To cotton seed meal

and

150

Average increase with acid phosphate-----------

added : Increase. of seed cotton per acre when kainit 338 lb s., . To unfertilized plot............ To cotton seed meal plot...................... 438 tbs.. 368 tbs.. To acid phosphate plot......................... 300 . lbs. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.
Average increase cithi kainit

was

107

lbs.

361 lbs.
>-orilze

Experiments, in Shelby County.
'ro~~~~~~ plt.-.....

CALERA
1 20

COLUMBIANA
$ 052 24
22

Cotton

seed

meal-_
kni5i

62

8

$8.9

2

__e~~pt phosphate---24 Acid _________ N

~3t >-~
672

20

o___ ___.
.60

88

35

1.10

___

IJ U 5

O

KIND OF SFERTILIZER
0
4 Acid

°N

,

i

p o

ha te-- 4

8 3

24 cdphsht 552 000 No fertilizer Lbs . SLbs.aLbs._Lbs. 1 200 KContto sedme----8--0.2 4
9

362

Lbs. 62-22-489 384
0

200

200 C. S. Meal O-200 Kainit_
240 Acid phosphate
200 240 C. S. Acid

Kainit

83 33 1347 a 7128-.3_60
922

7

64 30
2

.4 .4
24

9.

phosphate
_ _ __7

Meal

92

2

173

0

420

12.40

200 Kainit_ 11 (100
240

No fertilizer-_-_
Acid

phosphate-40-4

384

152 55

100

Nitrate of soda

34

SHELBY COUNTY, 112 MILES SOUTH OF COLUMBIANA.
E. P. CHOATE. Light reddish gravelly soil, with

red

gravelly clay subsoil.

This upland had been cleared about 12 years. The (Plots 9 and 10) afforded the increase in yield. The largest profit, $13.19 per acre, or 245 per cent on the investment in fertilizer, was afforded by Plot 10, which received a complete fertilizer in which there wa only 100 pounds of kainit per acre. The average increase due to cotton seed meal was 129 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 210 .pounds; and to kainit, 23 pounds. The smaller amount of kainit was as effective as the :lrger amount. Cotton seed meal was much more effective than nitrate ,of soda; this difference may be partly due to the fact that ,cotton on all plots was plowed up May 28, and replanted .at this late date.
-complete fertilizers

largest

Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton.seed neal was To unfertilized plot...........................272
To acid phosphate plot.......................

added:

-16
64
194

lbs.
lbs.

To kainit plot.................................

To
To

acid phosphate and kainit plot...............
---

lbs. lbs.

A'verage increase 'with cotton seed meal-------unfertilized

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To cotton seed meal plot............ ..........

plot. .......................... 336 lbs.

'To kainit plot................................
To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............

added: 48 lbs. 162 lbs. 292 lbs.
210 lbs.

129 lbs.

Average increase 'with acid phosphiate_
Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was
To unfertilized

plot. .........................

added:

To cotton seed meal plot ...................... To acid phosphate plot.......................
TO cotton seed me~al and acid phosphate

plot. ...

lbs. -144 lbs. -110 lbs.
.64

100 lbs.

Average increase 'with kainit,_

23 lbs .

35
Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit: From use of 200 pounds kainit............... 100 lb . From use of 100 pounds kainit............... 102 lbs. Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer ....................... ........... 194 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda............... 20 lbs. Cotton seed meal better than nitrate of soda by.. 174 lbs.

BIBB COUNTY, 1/2 MILE SOUTH OF BRENT.
J. D. JAMES.

Gray loam, with reddish subsoil. This land had been in cultivation for many years. The preceding crop was corn and peas. The largest increase, 472 pounds of seed cotton per acre, was afforded by Plot 12, receiving a complete fertilizer containing nitrate of soda. This combination also afforded the largest profit, $15.39 per acre, or 286 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The next largest profits, $8.70 and $8.52 per acre are shown by two other plots receiving complete fertilizers, numbers 9 and 10. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 151 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 141 pounds; and to kainit, 57 pounds. Kainit at the rate of 100 pounds was practically as profitable as double this rate. Nitrate of soda at the rate of 100 pounds per acre was much more profitable than was 200 pounds of cotton seed meal applied at the time of planting. Note the rather early date at which nitrate of soda was applied, June 10, to cotton planted May 2. This is the second year that Mr. James has conducted a fertilizer experiment on cotton. Although the land used in 1913 is described as a grayish loam and that used in 1912 as a reddish loam, the results of the two years agree in showing that complete fertilizers were most profitable and that 100 pounds of kainit was about as effective as double this amount.

36
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was.added: .72 lbs. ...... To unfertilized plot............... lbs. . To acid phosphate plot............. lbs. ........ To kainit plot.................. To acid.phosphate and kainit plot...........:.204lbs.

192

136

Average

increase

with cotton seed meal--

152lbs

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: 112lbs. To unfertilized plot................ .... To cotton seed meal plot............. lbs. ................ To kainit plot..... ...... lbs. To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............144

176.lbs.

132

Average increase -with acid phosphate--

141

lbs

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot................000'lbs. To cotton seed meal plot.....................120 To acid phosphate plot....... .................. To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot.
Avserage increase

added:
lbs. . ..

20 lbs. 88 lbs.
57 lbs.

'with kainit------

--------

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of hlijit:
From, use of 200 pounds

From use of

100

kainit.................

88

pounds kainit.................

68

lb s.
lb

s. s.

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete fertilizer.....................................
Increase from use of nitrate of soda................. Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

204

by

360 lb s.
156
lb

lbs.

37 Experiments in Bibb and C/h ton Counties.
BRENT THORSBY

0

O

KIND OF O

0 w

0Co

1.a
.

FERTILIZER

.
C

z

0 ,

N
'.

4

Z
1 2 3

Lbs. 200 240 000 4 200 5 200 240 6 200 {. 200
7 000

Cotton seed Acid phosphate---No fertilizerKainit C. S. Meal Acid phosphate C. S. MealKainit_-____
No fertilizer----_

meal-_

---856

Lbs. 976 1016 904 1056
952
712

Lbs. 72 $ 0.17 112 3.25 OCO 248
192 1.40 6.23 4.05

Lbs. 456

Lbs.

584 408
368 496 520

48

$-0.89

176

6.06

-14 139=1.44 189 3.92

-2.02

------ 306
132 336 316 2.73 8.70 8.52 590 688. 720 392 472 15.39 992 262 339 349 8.45 8.84 9.98

8 9.-

10
11 12

-

240 Acid phosphate-_ 880 200 Kainit__ ___:_ f 200GC. S. Meal-_240 Acid phosphate_ 1120 200 Kainit ----240 Acid phosphate1136 100 Nofriizer__-_ 856 ('0 N etlz r _ __ 240 Acid phosphate 100 Kainit____1328 100 Nitrate of soda

_ _ __ - _ _ 600 21.02

CHILTON COUNTY, 2 2MILES SOUTH OF THORSBY.
R. M. FOSHEE.

Gray sandy loam, with yellow clay subsoil.

This land had been in cultivation about 15 years. Long
leaf pine with some oak was the original growth. The preceding crop was corn. The stand was not perfect.

The largest increase in yield, 600 pounds per acre, and the largest net profit, was afforded by Plot 12, which received per acre
240 pounds acid phosphate,

100 pounds kainit, and
100 pounds nitrate of soda.

This plot afforded a profit due to fertilizers of $21.02

38 per acre, or 390 per cent on the investment in fertilizer. The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal was 73 pounds of seed cotton per acre; to acid phosphate, 173 pounds; and to kainit, 103 pounds. Evidently a complete fertilizer was needed on this soil, and one containing only 100 pounds of kainit was fully as good as one with double this amount of potash. Nitrate of soda at the rate of 100 pounds per acre applied June 18 to cotton planted April 24, was more effective than double this amount of cotton seed meal applied just before planting.
Increase of seed cotton per acre when. cotton seed meal was To unfertilized plot..........................48 To acid phosphate plot.........................37 203 To kainit plot .............................. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.............77
Average increase
with

added: lbs. added:
73 lbs.

lbs. lbs. lbs.

cotton seed meal

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was lbs. To. unfertilized plot.........................176 lbs. To cotton seed meal plot......................91 lbs. To kainit plot..............................276 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............150lbs. A verage
increase

'withi acid phiosphate

- ------

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot..........................-14

added:

173 lbs.
lbs. 141 lbs. lb s. 200 lbs.

To cotton seed meal plot..................... To acid phosphate plot....................... To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot....
A'verage increase 'with kii

86

103 lbs. use of different quantities Increase of seed cotton per acre from of kainit:
From use of
From use of

200

100

pounds kainit................
pounds kainit................

200
77

lbs.

210 lbs..

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in complete
fertilizer....................................

Increase from use of nitrate of soda...............
Nitrate of soda better than cotton seed meal

by.. 252

328

lbs._

lbs.lbs._

39 CHAMBERS, 1 MILE NORTHEAST OF LAFAYETTEA. A. TATUM.

Gray gravelly loam, with yellowish subsoil.

The stand was even and no reason is known for failure of phosphate and nitrogen to afford somewhat uniform increases in yield, except perhaps on account of the abnormal season. Kainit was apparently effective except when applied alone. In a complete fertilizer 100 pounds of kainit Was more helpful than 200 pounds. The average increase in seed cotton per acre attributto acid phosable to cotton seed meal was only 9 phate, 57 pounds; and to kainit, 53 pounds.

the

pounds;

Increase of seed cotton per acre we n cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot.........................-32 ts. To acid phosphate plot....................... 8 The. To kainit plot ................. lbs. To acid phosphate and kainit plot.............-76 The.

136

Azerage increase -vit/
To unfertilized
To kainit

cotton seed. mnealplot...........................

-

9 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was To cotton seed meal plot.......................
plot................................

added: 000 libs..
40 Jbs.
the.

To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............
Average increase with acid phosphate

-12
added:

200
57

te.
lbs.

- ---------

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was
To unfertilized plot............................-68

To cotton seed meal plot....................... To acid phosphate plot........................ To cotton seed meal and acid phosphate plot. ....
Average increase

100 132 48
53

The..
The. the.. the.
lbs.

-with kainit_

_____________

increase of seed cotton per acre from use of
of

kainit:

different

quantities

From use of
From use of

200

100

pounds kainit.................4
pounds kainit.................

164

8 The. The.-

40 Experiments in Chambers and St. C/air Counties.
LAFAYETTE SPRINGVILLE

1

P

o
o

;

KIND OF FERTILIZER

i%

(
.

5
?
a aa

o
+

%U
Lbs. 704
736

O

CL t4--dc ,

1 2 3

Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal
240 =kcid

4 :
7 8

000 200 200 240 200

No fertilizer - _ __ Kainit C. S. Meal.---__ Acid phosphate
S Kainit___ . ______ S C. S.

phosphate----

Lbs 800 n0-1.68 832 832536 -68 -4.39 752 816 8
8

Lbs. 32 $-4.41

Lbs. 168
200

$ 4.39
7.12

608

70

1.68

Meal----

000 No fertilizer______ 240 Acid phosphate 5__ S200) Kainit___

864 784 8 96

68-1.41 132 56 172 2.73
3.62

608

66 -1.50

544 680
760

16
256

3.78
5.18

5 200
200

C. S. Meal

9 240 Acid phosphate
Kainit----C.

10
11

S. Meal 200 240 Acid phosphate100 Kainit ------000 No fertilizer240 Acid phosphate100

----

---

--

L__ 800
896
704-464

_--

2.19

736

252

5.71

144 0.96 712 248 5.53

12

100

Kainit

848

Nitrate of soda -

ST. CLAWR COUNTY, 1 MILE SOUTH OF SPRING VILLE.
J. P. BURKS
Reddish sandy loam, with red clay subsoil.

This land had been long in cultivation. The recent. ,crops had been cotton. The largest increases in yield (and the largest profit) were made on the three Plots, (10, 12, and 9), receiving

complete

fertilizers, but with slightly different formula.

This soil evidently required a complete fertilizer though in some combinations each fertilizer constituent failed to give an increase. The average increase due to acid phosphate was 108 pounds of seed cotton per acre ; to cotton seed meal, 67

41 pounds; and to kainit only 14'pounds, on the average, though in the complete fertilizer kainit at both rates was much more effective than is indicated by this figure. ,One hundred pounds of kainit per scie was practically effective as 200 pounds. very slightly betCotton seed meal before planting ter than nitrate of soda applied July 4.
.as

was

Increase To To To
To

of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was unfertilized plot............................168.lbs. acid phosphate plot.......................-76 lb. kainit plot.....................................4 acid phosphate and kainit plot. ............. 10lbs.

added:

lbs.

Average increase vith cotton seed meal

67 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre when -acid phosphate was To unfertilized plot.......... ................. To cotton seed meal plot......................-44 lbs. To kainit plot .......... .................... 86 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot............190 lbs.

200 lbs.

added:

lbs.

Average increase with acid phosphate Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot............................70 To cotton seed meal plot............ ....... To acid phosphate plot.......................-44 To cotton seed meal and acid'phosphate plot ...... Azverage increase w~ith kainit

108 lbs.

added:

102
13 2

lbs.
lbs.
lbs.

lbs.

14 lbs.

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of. different quantities of kainit:
From use of From use of

200

100

pounds kainit.. .......... pounds kainit.................

132

128

lbs. lbs.
lbs.

Increase from use of cotton
fertilizer.....................................

seed meal in complete
100

Increase from use of nitrate of soda................. Cotton seed meal better. by- ------- -----

96

lbs.

PICKENS COUNTY.

OF ALICEVILLE.
G. C. TURNIPSEED

3 MILES NORTHWEST

4- lbs.

Red sandy loans, wit/s red clay subsoil.

The largest increase The stand. was uniform. reciving a complete fertilizer conwas made on Plot taining a half ration of kainit. This was closely followed

10,

42 in amount of increase and in profit per acre by Plot 5,

which was fertilized with 200 pounds cotton seed meal per acre,
240 pounds acid phosphate per acre. This plot afforded a net profit above the cost of fer-

tilizer of $11.36 per acre, which is equal to a profit of
264 percent on the investment in fertilizer.

The average increase attributable to cotton seed meal
used under four different conditions was 100 pounds of

seed cotton per acre; the average increase due to acid
phosphate was 260 pounds of seed cotton per acre. In an average of four conditions kainit afforded no increase in yield though it was slightly helpful in each of the com plete fertilizers. Apparently this land needed both cotton seed meal and acid phosphate, but no kainit, under the conditions of 1913. Cotton seed meal, applied before planting, was more effective than half its weight of nitrate of soda, applied late. Experiment in Pickens County.
ALICEVILLE

"

KIND OF FERTILIZER

N

0

1 2 3
4

Lbs. 200 240 000

Lbs. Cotton seed meal-640 Acid phosphate No4 fertilizer480
Kainit520

760
840

Lbs. 160 $ 4.04 280 10.64
40 0.36

200

5 7 4

20 000 200 240 200 S200

Acid phospehate No fertilizer C. S. phosphate Acid Meal Kainit C. S. Meal80

360

11.36

8

-

480 7} 840 5
-

274

8.98 -0.88

9 11 8

100 240 000 240 1 100 2

Acid .. ... Kainitphosphate . No fertilizer Acid phosphate )760 Kainit

388 10.99 .480 336 9.90

--

4-

100

Nitrate of soda

I

43
Increase of seed cotton per acre when cotton seed meal was added: To unfertilized plot..........................160 To acid phosphate plot..................... To kainit plot ............................... To acid phosphate and kainit plot..............120
Average

80 40
100

lbs.

lbs. lbs. lbs.

lbs. Increase of seed cotton per acre when acid phosphate was added: To unfertilized plot..........................280'lbs. To cotton seed meal plot......................200ls. lbs. To kainit plot................................240 To cotton seed meal and kainit plot.............320,ls.
increase
with

cotton seed meal

-

Avrerage increase

with

acid phosphate

-

Increase of seed cotton per acre when kainit was To unfertilized plot .......................... To cotton seed meal plot.....................-80-lbs. To acid phosphate plot........ .................
To cotton seed meal

added:
....

260

lbs.

40 lbs.

ard acid

phosphate plot.
---

40

0 lbs.
lbs. 0 lbs.

Average increase 'with kainit

Increase of seed cotton per acre from use of different quantities of kainit:
From use of From use of

Increase from use of cotton seed meal in a complete 12 0 lbs. fertilizer.................................... 80 lbs. Increase from use of nitrate of soda................. lbs. Cotton seed .meal better than nitrate of soda .. :.......40

200 100

pounds kainit................... pounds kainit...................

40 lbs. lbs.

40-

Inconclusive Experiments in Madison, DeKaib, Etowah, Blount, Lamar, and Fayette Counties.
-HUNTSVILLE COLLINSVIL'E GADSDEN ONEONTA MILLPORT FAYETTE

N

U

a
ON

,0

I
U
U

I

4J CO))Nd

O
0

)

C)

0p

U 0 0)
c>

) 0.

0 oUO

N
N

0
;
C7)v

-0
O0)

KIND OF
"2
0-j

O

NU 4j )

u
)-

w
oLbs.

0

)
p

FERTILIZER

5-J0Lbs. 200 240 000 200 200 240 200 200 000
240

~
Lbs. 16 96
-- _

Z

~

.1
) 4 )-

1 2 3
4

Cotton seed meal Acid phosphateNo fertilizer----__Kiainit------------

C. S. Meal Acid phosphate(" . S.

Lbs. Lbs. 456 -112 552 -16 568 62 652 772 160
776

Lbs. 928
1008 912 1008

Lbs. 744

Lbs.

Lbs.

Lbs.

Lbs.

Lbs.

792 640
848 696 528

104 152 236 112 24220

.504
648 448 480

.56
200 -44

744
812 712 936

32
100 266

608
720 608 848

Lbs.
112

00O
192

1120

156 328

656
560

56
116

776
808

148

739
768

35
16

6

Meaai-t

1

7
8 9'

K.ainMalt12-104-32-76_5 -No fertilizer--___656
128 Acid C. S. Meal--13 680 Acid phosphateKainit-3-11_34_6-28_8-15_9-34_54

222
280
04

672
1184
126

__
152
28

752
784
88

544
142
55

800
816
54

200 40

phosphate-

728

432
34

696

848.
96

40

200

78
904
592

52
9 . -8
112

10 -

11

200 C. S. Meal--_ 240 Acid phosphate-_ 100 Kainit -- ---000 200 No fertilizerAcid

624
432

136

1344992

432

328

7 20
313

297

928
640

312

960
1024

12'1

phosphate-

--64

--48

100 Kainit-----100 Nitrate of soda

496
___-__-

1328
__-__-

336

640
__-__-

752
__-__

439

976

336
_

1136
__-___

45
INCONCLUSIVE EXPERIMENTS. E. Hoy made, an experiment on typical Tennessee Valley upland. The results were inconclusive, probably on account of the extremely dry season. (See page 44). In DEKALB COUNTY, 3 miles south of Collinsville, T. A. Ventrees made an experiment on gray, gravelly valley soil, with light red subsoil. This proved inconclusive because of wide differences in fertility between the three unfertilized plots. However, the results strongly suggest that potash was especially helpful, and suggest also that nitrogen and phosphate were also helpful. (See page 44) "
'In ETOWAH COUNTY, an experiment conducted by D. C. Able, 7 miles east of Gadsden, proved inconclusive because of a poor stand, caused by a hailstorm on June 13th. (See page 44). In BLOUNT COUNTY, 1)1 miles south of Oneonta, R. R. Harris conductIn MADISON COUNTY, 4 miles northwest-of Huntsville, C.

ed an experiment on gray, gravelly valley soil, with red clay subsoil. This was rendered inconclusive by wide differences in the yields of the three unfertilized. However, the results suggest a very strong response of this soil to acid phosphate. (See page 44).
In LAMAR COUNTY, 1 mile east of Millport, P. H. Vail conducted an ex-

periment on light brown loam with yellowish, sandy subsoil. This soil mapped by the U. S. Bureau of Soils as Norfolk loam. The experime was satisfactory except that cotton wilt made the stand so irregular that re suIts were not entirely conclusive. (See page 44). Hewever, the results strongly suggest that in this extremely dry season kainit was the fertilizer constituent chiefly needed, but that both nitrogen and phosphate were likewise helpful. Apparently a complete fertilizer is advisable on this soil.
In FAYETTE COUNTY, J. Q. Bradley conducted an experiment on gray

loam soil, with some gravel and yellow clay subsoil. The results are inconclusive on account of wide differences in the yields of the three unfertilized plots and to the lack of rain throughout most of the summer. (See page 44).
In TUSCALOOsA COUNTY, 31 miles northwest of Northport, Smith Bros.

conducted an experiment on red, fine sandy upland, with red clay subsoil. A hailstorm in September made results inconclusive. In spite of the fact that cowpeas grew between the rows of the corn that preceded the cotton, yet nitrogen seems to have been the most effective fertilizer constituent for cotton. (See page 47).
In CoOSA COUNTY, 8 miles southwest of Goodwater, J. S. Calloway conducted an experiment on reddish loam, with stiffer red subsoil. This proved inconclusive because of want of uniformity between the several unfertilized plots. However, results suggest that both nitrogen and phosphate were highly effective and that kainit was of much less value. (See page 47). In RANDOLPH COUNTY, 13 miles southwest of Roanoke, W. O. Longshore conducted an experiment. This proved inconclusive, probably on account of differences in the nature of the soil of the different plots. (See page 47).

46
In MARION COUNTY, 6 miles northeast of Glen Allen, Mr. W. P. Letson conducted an experiment on dark, sandy loam, with red clay subsoil. The experiment proved inconclusive, because Plot 1, seemed more fertile than any other, both in 1911 and 1913. This field had been in cultivation about 35 years. The original growth was oak and hickory. For the last six years oats followed by cowpeas had occupied the land every alternate year. In spite of the cowpea stubble cottonseed meal proved very effective in 1911 and 1913. The stand was uniform. No diseasewas present. The summer was extremely dry, which probably accounts, in part, for the unusual results. Apparently nitrogen was the main need of this field, and phosphate was of strictly secondary importance. Kainit was useless in both years when the experiment was made on the same plots. In the words of Mr. Letson, and according to his observation, "All plots where potash was used, lost more squares by shedding than other plots," In MADISON COUNTY, W. H. Johnston conducted an experiment on typical Tennessee Valley red upland soil. This proved inconclusive because of irregularities in the stand of the different plots. Below is given a table which shows the actual yields, and the yields when corrected to an equal number-5000-plants per acre. This table suggests that when the yields and increases are calculated to uniform stands, cotton on this soil responds very freely to both cotton seed meal and acid phosphate in all combinations; and that kainit was much less important though apparently somewhat helpful when used in a complete fertilizer.

Inconclusive Experiments in Tuscaloosa, Coosa, Randolph, Marion and Madison Counties
NORTHPORT GOODwATER ROANOKE GLEN ALLEN HUNTSVILLE

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Lbs. 200 Cotton seed meal 240 Acid phosphate---_
000 No fertilizer--__..__

Lbs. 824 704
640

Lbs. 184 64 60 160 124 -10 156

Lbs. 872 884
612

Lbs. 260 272
___

Lbs. 69o 720
424

Lbs. 272 296 -11 290 379 79 186

9

200 200 240 200 200 000 240 200 200 240 S 200200

Kainit____________ C. S. Meal___-_Acid phosphateC. S. Meal- _ _: Kainit________ S No fertilizer__ Acid phosphate Kainit -- - -- C. S. Meal___ Acid phosphateKainit____
C. S.

688 776 728 592 576 736

652 988 800 772 892

73 442 287 344 516

428 744 848 570 684

Lbs. 872 664 560 568 824 648

Lbs. 688 792 544 496 696 560

Lbs. 144 348
-

-58 132

Lbs. 817 779 516 621 933 817

Lbs. 301 263
-

57 320 156 208 437

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552 600

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544

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ALABAMA EXPERIMENT STATION AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION (JANUARY, 1914)
Bulletin :No. 147: Bulletin No. 153: Bulletin No. 154: Bulletin No. 156: Bulletin No. 160: Bulletin No. 161: Bulletin No. 162. Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 163: 164: 165: 166: 167. 168: 169: Crimson Clover. Experiments with Cotton; Varieties, Boll Rot, Wilt, Phosphates. Corn, Soy Bean Pastures, Tankage, Cotton Seed Meal for Fattening Hogs. Peach Growing in Alabama. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in South Alabama in 1911. Lime for Alabama Soils. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in North Alabama in 1911. Steer Feeding in Alabama. Cotton Worm or "Caterpillar." Southern Bur Clover. Curing Meat on the Farm. 1Wintering Pregnant Ewes. Fattening Hogs in Alabama. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in South Alabama in 1912. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in North Alabama in 1912. The Biology or Life History of the Cattle Tick as Determined at Auburn, Ala.; Dipping Vats and Dips. Oats; Experiments on Culture, Varieties, and Fertilization. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in South Ala bama in 1913. Local Fertilizer Experiments with Cotton in North Alabama in 1913. Boll Weevil Advance in Alabama. Fighting the Boll Weevil. Destroying Boll Weevils by Clean Farming. The Southern Pine Beetle and Its Control. Vegetable Growing in Alabama. Feeding Dairy Cattle. S55: S58: S62: S66: Mosquito Control. The Fall Army Worm. Tests of Varieties of Corn in 1912. Oats; Conclusions from 17 Years' Experiments at Auburn, Ala.
Oat Smut.

Bulletin No. 170: Bulletin No. 171: Bulletin No. 173: Bulletin No. 174: Bulletin No. 175: Circular Circular Circular Circular Circular Circular Press Press Press Press No. No. No. No. No. No. 5: 6: 7: 15: 14: 18: No No No No

Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin Bulletin

Press Bulletin No , S67:

Press Bulletin No S68: Press Bulletin No . 69: Press Bulletin No S70:

Tests of Varieties of Corn in 1913. Cotton Boll Weevil Infested Area in United States. and Quarantine Line in Alabama, 1913 and 1914. Tests of Varieties of Cotton in 1913.