L '16
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Agricultural Economics Series 10 September 
1966
INVENTORY OF HUMAN
AND PHYSICAL RESOURCES
CHEROKEE, DEKALB, JACKSON, AND MARSHALL
COUNTIES, ALABAMA
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
AUBURN UNIVERSITY
E. V. Smith, DirectorAurnAlbm
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction....................... . . . .. .... ...... 1
Surcoe f.at... . .. .. .. .. .... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 2
The Study Area . . ...... ..... . . ... *.* 3
Slte Polt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Emp iloyment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Edation.n aite . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .... 32
Comre andluionduty., .... . .. .. .. .. 3
Hospitalsand Medic . Facilitie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Eplicymnistration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Agrculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Sdummaryo and Recmmndtios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Appendtls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5866

AN INVENTORY OF HUMAN AND PHYSICAL RESOURCES OF CHEROKEE,
DEKALB, JACKSON AND MARSHALL COUNTIES, ALABAMA
1
E. E.., Kern, L. S. Driscol ,
J. E. Dunkelberger, and B. R. Miller
Department of Agricultural Economics 
and Rural Sociology
Introduction
This report is concerned primarily with a description of the physical
and human resources of Cherokee, DeKalb, Jackson, and Marshall counties in
Alabama. These counties represent 4 of the 33 counties in northern Alabama
considered to be part of the extreme SouthernAppalachian Region. Efforts
have been made to compile a comprehensive inventory of resources based on
material available from numerous sources.
Purpose
The primary purpose of the material contained in this report is to
provide a basis for study and action relative to development of the area's
possibilities. Opportunities for more effectively utilizing physical and
human resources present one of the most important challenges throughout
the Region.
The present study is part of an overall one dealing with resource
use in Southern Appalachia. The four-county area chosen for investigation
represents a sample from which larger investigations can be made. It is
anticipated that an interdisciplinary approach will be undertaken to solve
problems both in the sample area and region.
1
This report was prepared under authority of research project USDA
508-l5-3 (AS), State 1-033, titled " Development and Use of Physical and
Human Resources in Selected Areas of the Extreme Southern Appalachian
Region of the United States."
Sources of Data
Information contained in this report is from secondary sources. Some
of the agencies and main sources from which material was obtained and
topics include the following:
(1) Human resources.- Bureau of the Census, State Department of
Education, and Alabama Industrial Relations Board.
(2) Agriculture - Bureau of the Census and U.S. Department of
Agriculture.
(3) Mineral resources - Geological Surveys and the Yearbook of
Minerals.
(4) Forest resources - U.S. Forest Service and Alabama Department
of Conservation.
(5) Retail and wholesale trade - Bureau of the Census, Alabama
Census of Manufacturers, and Industrial Development Board.
(6) Recreation - T.V.A. releases, Alabama Department of Conservation,
and Alabama Department of Public Health.
(7) Health - Alabama Department of Public Health and the American
Medical Association.
(8) Welfare - Department of Pensions and Security and U.S. Department
of Health, Education and Welfare.
(9) Taxes - State Department of Revenue.
(10) Water resources - Geological surveys, State of Alabama Water
Improvement Commission, and T.V.A. releases.
Much of the detailed information obtained and outlined above is pre-
sented in the statistical supplement to this report. Copies of this report
may be obtained from the Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural
Sociology, Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn,
AlI abama o
The Study Area
Cherokee, DeKalb, Jackson, and Marshall counties are located 
in the
extreme northeastern part of Alabama. Although the elevation is quite
varied, the 1000-to-1500-foot range predominates.
Five urban economic growth centers have been identified with the 
area.
They include the cities of Huntsville, Birmingham, 
and Gadsden in Alabama;
Chattanooga and Rome in Tennessee and Georgia, respectively, 
located within
commuting distance. Small growth centers within the area 
are shown in
Figure 1.
Climate
The mean temperature within the area ranges from 
59.8 to 62.1
0
F. with
an average of 60.9
0
F. The growing season ranges from 196 days in part of
DeKalb County to 216 days in a portion of Marshall. The average 
number of
days suitable for plant growth for the area as a whole amounts to 
207 days
(Table 1). Favorable growing conditions throughout most of the year 
are
conducive to production of many kinds of crops and livestock.
Precipitation within the area is adequate for most kinds of plant
and animal life. The annual average range in rainfall is from 
48.61 inches
to 53.97 inches with an overall average of 53.10 inches (Table 2).
Soils
Soils in an area have important bearing on developmental possibili-
ties. Balanced programs involving both agriculture and industry are par-
ticularly affected. Extreme variability is the dominant characteristic
both within and between counties in the area.
Albertville 8,250
Fort Payne 7,029
Guntersvi li le 6,592
Scottsboro 6,449
Fig. 1. Urban Growth Center Locations and Population,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1960
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population, 1960, Bur. of Census,
U.S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
Table 1. Average Dates of Last Occurrence in Spring and Average Dates of First Occurrence
in Fall of 360, 320, 280 and 200, and Average Length of Growing Season
for Selected Portions of Four-County Area, Alabama, for
30-Year Period, 1931-1960
Length of
average
Average dates of last Average dates of first growing
occurrence in spring of: occurrence in fall of: season
Station County 360 320 280 200 360 320 280 200 Days
Albert- Mar- Apr. 12 Apr. 2 Mar. 19 Feb. 12 Oct. 25 Nov. 4 Nov. 12 Dec. 11 216
ville shall
Scotts- Jack- Apr. 15 Apr. 4 Mar. 22 Feb. 15 Oct. 21 Oct. 29 Nov. 10 Dec. 4 208
boro son
Valley DeKalb Apr. 20 Apr. 15 Mar. 31 Feb. 24 Oct. 24 Oct. 28 Nov. 8 Nov. 30 196
Head
Average Four- Apr. 5 Oct. 30 207
county
area
SOURCE: U.S. Weather Bur., Climatological Records.
6
Table 2. Average Precipitation, Normal Mean Temperature in F
?
, and
Average Hourly Relative Humidity for the
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1951-60
Av.
hourly
Average Mean relative
Month precipitation temperature humidity
Inches Degrees F. Per cent
January.................. 4.94 42.4 73
February........ .... ......... 5.00 44.6 69
March....................... 5.85 52.3 66
April .................... ... 4.85 
60.1 65
May....................... ... 4.01 70.0 68
June......................... 4.24 75.9 70
July................. ... .. 5.11 78.5 74
August....................... 4.25 77.8 74
September................... 2.79 
73.3 71
October..................... 3.31 61.6 70
November..................... 3.28 50.5 69
December..................5... 47 43.5 74
Annual Average............... 53.10 60.9 70
SOURCE: U.S. Weather Bur. Climatic Summary of the United States (Supple-
ment for 1951 through 1960). U.S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
Cherokee County
1
The range in topography is from level to gently rolling in the Lime-
stone Valleys and the Coosa River sections to the rugged hills and ridges
of the mountainous sections of the county. Likewise, surface drainage is
quite varied.
Foundation soil formations consist of limestone, cherty sandstone
and shale. In addition, large areas along the Coosa River contain the
relatively fertile alluvial deposits. In all, 17 series, including 26
types and 2 phases, and rough stony land have been identified within the
county.
Soils found particularly suitable for agricultural purposes include
the following:
(1) Dewey (5) Holston
(2) Decatur (6) Hartsells
(3) Norfolk (7) Hanceville
(4) Waynesboro (8) Huntington
DeKalb County
2
The county consists of a high; plateau divided by a limestone lowland
consisting of a number of valleys separated by relatively low ridges. Thus,
reference is made to sandstone plateaus and limestone valley areas. The
highest point in the county is 1,980 feet above sea level and is on top of
Fox Mountain.
ISoil Survey of Cherokee Countyz, Alabama, U.S. Dept. Agr., Bur. of
Chem. and Soils in cooperation with the Alabama Dept. Agr. and mnd.,
Washington, D.C., 1928.
2
SoiI Survey of DeKalb County, Alabama, U.S. Dept. Agr., Soil Con.
Ser. in cooperation with the Alabama Dept. Agr. and Ind., Alabama Agr.
Expt. Sta. and T.V.A., 1958.
8
The county lies both within the drainage basins of the Tennessee and
Coosa rivers. Fertile soils were said to be formed from materials depos-
ited from these and similar sources. Upland soils were derived by the
decomposition of underlying rock formations.
In terms of acreage, the following soils predominate in the county:
(1) Hartsells fine sandy loam (5) Stony colluvial land
(2) Clarksville cherty silt loam (6) Rockland
(3) Fullerton cherty silt loam (7) Muskingum stony sandy loam
(4) Apison loam (8) Other
The Hartsells series are the best agricultural soils in the county.
With good management, crop yields are relatively high. They are particu-
larly well suited for the production of specialized crops.
The county is one of the leading counties in production of corn and
cotton because of good management of the relatively infertile but respon-
sive soils of Sand and Lookout mountains.
Jackson County:'
Lying in the extreme northeast corner of the State, Jackson 
County
lies within the Tennessee River basin. Three general 
physiographic divi-
sions within the county include the following:
(1) Sandstone plateaus (3) 
Limestone valleys
(2) Rough mountain slopes
Sand Mountain in the southeastern section and Cumberland 
Plateau in
the northern section of the county comprise the 
sandstone plateaus. Much
1
Soil Survey of Jackson County, Alabama, U.S. Dept. 
Agr., Soil Con,
Ser. in cooperation with the Alabama Dept. Agr. 
and Ind., Alabama Agr.
Expt. Sta. and T.V.A., 1954.
9
of the former is farmed relatively intensively while the latter is in
general farming and forest production.
In terms of acreage, the following soil types predominate within the
county:
(1) Hartsells
(2) Limestone rockland (all phases)
(3) Rough stony land
(4) Muskingum fine sandy loam
(5).- Other
Marshall County
1
The sandstone plateaus, rough mountain slopes, and limestone valleys
within the county are divided by the Tennessee River Valley and accompany-
ing anticlinal valleys.
Topography ranges from level to steep, with slopes of 60 per cent or
more. Level areas include those on Sand Mountain, Brindley Mountain,
Paint Rock Valley, Browns Valley and those in large coves.
Some areas of the county are stony which interferes with tillage.
However, except for the rough mountain slopes, most of the open land is
suitable for cultivation. Hartsells fine sandy loam comprises about 32.9
per cent of the acreage in Marshall County, and is responsive to good
management practices.
In terms of acreage, the predominating soil types in the county are
as follows:
1
Soil Survey of Marshall Countyt Alabama, U.S. Dept. Agr., Soil Con.
Ser. in cooperation with the Alabama Dept. Agr. and Ind., Alabama Agr.
Expt. Sta. and TV.A., 1 959.?
10
(1) Hartsells fine sandy loam
(2) Rockland
(3) Stony colluvial land
(4) Albertville silt loam
(5) Other
Water
The area is favorably located with respect to streams and reservoirs.
Three of the counties have access to waters of the Tennessee River and the
backwaters of Guntersville Lake, while the remaining county has access to
the Coosa River and Weiss Reservoir.
Ground-water condition in the middle portion of the four counties is
similar to that of the Piedmont where topography is important in the loca-
tion of water. Yield from dug or drilled wells varies from a few gallons
to about 300 gallons per minute.
1 
Water is found in cracks and crevices
and in the mantle overlying the rock.
In the limestone area of the Tennessee Valley, ground water is devel-
oped from wells intersecting solution channels and cavities in the lime-
stone and from large springs issuing from the limestone.
Water in the rocks of the plateau is generally of good quality
although water from sandstone and shale areas sometimes contains objec-
tionable amounts of iron. Water from limestone areas is moderately hard,
but not often to the extent of requiring treatment for normal uses.
In general, the ground water supply in the four-county area is average,
with some problems of supply and quality in certain sections.
1
Swindel, G. W., M. R. Williams and J. W. Geurin, Water in Alabama,
Geological Water-Supply Paper 1765, U.S. Dept. mnt., Washington, D.C.,
1963.
11
Tennessee River
Of great economic importance is the Tennessee River, which is formed
by the confluence of the French Broad and Holston rivers near Knoxville,
Tennessee, flowing southward through Chattanooga. Entering Alabama 
in
Jackson County, it flows southwestward to-Guntersville in Marshall 
County.
Near there, it turns northwest and eventually leaves the State at the
northwest corner.
Guntersville Lake, formed by one of the many T.V.A. dams on 
the
Tennessee River, has 69,100 acres of water and a shoreline of 693 miles.
The chemical quality of the water is improved by the lakes and reservoirs
created by dams and locks on the river. Navigation on the river, excel
lent fishing, swimming, water skiing, and boating are also made possible
by the reservoirs created. Water temperature on the river has varied
from 420 to 82
0
F. during different seasons of the year.
Chemical analyses of water from the rivers and streams in the area
are given in Table 3.
Streams entering the Tennessee River in Jackson and Marshall counties
include South Sauty Creek near Rainsville, Town Creek near Geraldine, and
Short Creek near Albertville. Water in these streams is generally clear,
soft, and relatively low in mineral content. The Tennessee River and its
tributaries are presently used by municipalities, industries, and agricul-
ture for water supplies.
Coosa River
?Entering Alabama near Cedar Bluff in Cherokee County, headwaters of
the Coosa are in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Georgia. The Etowah and
Oostanaula rivers converge to form the Coosa at Rome, Georgia.
Table 3. Chemical Analyses, Specific Conductance, 
and pH, of Water in
Streams in Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 
19601
. b Hardness
a)lt 3 r LtLL~LILCI ~ r~:'I VLU CLL
,r > as orhaser FurCuny re, i
Stream and location 0 Cu) Cl) 0 H-
cd'b H CO ba 0 0 a4 clEO U N U) J
U 
P 
004 C
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm
Coosa River at
Cedar Bluff, Ala. -- 
- 10 1.4 56 87 
50
Chattooga River near Apr
0 
26 - - - -
- 152 159 98
Cedar Bluff, Ala. Aug. 31 - -
- 10 .9 159 181 125
Little River near Aug. 31 
- 1.6 .6 10 
14 8
Cedar Bluff, Ala.
Spring Creek near Apr. 26 
- - - 121 118 100
Cedar Bluff, Ala. Aug. 31 
.8 .5 134 124 111
Coosa River near Apr. 
26 .08 16 2.3 6.6 
1.0 61 72a 50
Leesburg, Ala. Aug. 31 
.02 15 3.5 8.7 1.0 
64 85a 52
Kirby Creek, Section, Aug. 
31 - - - 3.2 
1.8 17 32 15
Ala.
South Sauty Creek near Apr. 26 
- - - - - 17 
27 10 0 4 .
Rainsville, Ala. Aug. 31 -
- - 3.5 2.2 14 
31 14 2 4 .
Town Creek near Apr. 26 .08 
2.5 .5 2.7 .9 6 22a 8 
3 3 .
Geraldine, Ala. Aug. 31 
.04 3.6 ..6 2.8 2.0 15 
27a 12 0 4 .
Short Creek near Apr. 
26 .04 3.0 .6 3.5 .9 
9 26a 10 2 4 .
Albertville, Ala.
Tennessee River Sep. 1 
- - - 7.0 1.2 68 
103 72 1 8 .
Guntersville, Ala.
aCalculated from determined constituents.
1
Cherry, Rodney N., Chemical 
Quality of Water of Alabama Streams, 
1960, Information Sre 7
Geol. Sur. of Alabama, University Alabama, 1963.
N)
13
The mineral content of the Coosa at point of entrance into Alabama
is about 85 ppm. during low flow. Its uniform mineral content throughout
is attributable to the stabilizing effect given by reservoirs such as the
the relatively new Weiss Dam and Reservoir in Cherokee County. Water is
clear with a pH range of from 7.3 to 8.1 in April to that of 6.7 to 7.5
in August.
The Chattooga River and Spring Creek near Cedar Bluff have relatively
high mineral content, 4 (118-181 ppm.). The water is relatively clear and
hard with an observed pH range of 7.6 to 7.9,
Little River near Cedar Bluff drains from relatively insoluble rocks,
and thus has a low mineral content of about 14 ppm. The water is also
clear and relatively soft.
Weiss Dam and Reservoir
Three dams and generation units were completed in 1961 on the Coosa
River. Located near Leesburg in Cherokee County, the three units have a
generating capacity of 87,750 kilowatts.
The dams created a 30,200-acre reservoir with 447 miles of shore-
line. Lake elevation is maintained at about 560 feet, and provides
398,000 acre feet for flood control along the shore.
The lake extends about 52 miles upstream to Mayo's Bar near Rome,
Georgia, and has rapidly developed as a recreational area. According to
reports of the Alabama Department of Health, 699 homesites were approved
for devel opment along the l ake between 1 960 and 1963.
Interest in the lake for recreational purposes is indicated by fish-
ing licenses issued in just one county, Cherokee. In 1958-59, prior to
completion of the lake, 1,218 fishing licenses were issued, including 282
to nonresidents. In 1961-62 when part of the impoundment was completed,
14
12,107 licenses were issued, 4,012 of which were to nonresidents, While
this 10-fold increase was taking place, boat registrations in the county
also doubled.
Stream Pollution
1
Cherokee County
Increased manufacturing and mining along the streams in Georgia and
Alabama, plus dumping some raw sewage by certain municipalities, have con-
tributed to pollution in the Weiss Lake area. Results of a study made in
1962, and at least two fish kills substantiated the presence of the pro-
blem. Progress has been reported toward correcting the situation.
DeKalb County
Excessive wastes discharged into Town Creek were reported by the Water
Improvement Commission. Also, steps to correct the situation have been
undertaken.
Jackson County
Pollution near Bridgeport in the Tennessee River has been reported.
However, the problem is not great.
Marshall County
Lack of municipal sewage facilities in some areas has caused pollution
problems in the county. However, engineering planning reportedly is under-
way to correct the situation.
1
Alabama Water Improvement Com., Letter, January, 1966.
15
Minerals
Mining in the area has been carried on since the mid-1800's, and
includes extracting red iron ore, coal, limestone, and some minor min-
erals from the land (Table 4).
Brown Iron Ore
Brown iron ore was discovered long ago in the vicinity of Rock Run
in Cherokee County. The original discovery of bauxite (aluminum oxide)
in Alabama was in the brown ore pits at Rock Run in 1899, and in the past
a great deal of this material was produced in the county. This mineral
is no longer being mined in thearea.
Red Iron Ore
Red iron ore was discovered and utilized extensively in Cherokee
County before and during the Civil War. In recent years, there has been
little mining from the deposits. Rocks of the Red Mountain formation
occur on Round Mountain in small exposures, and also near the crest of
Lookout Mountain and in Tucker's Ridge in the eastern part of Cherokee
County.
Barite
Barite is used chiefly as a paint adulterant and as a heavy mineral
that is added to drilling muds used by the oil industry. Deposits of
this mineral are found in the southeastern corner of Cherokee County.
This deposit is unique in Alabama since the mineral occurs as a vein in
an area of shales presumably of the Weisner formation. Elsewhere in
Alabama barite is restricted to limestone areas. The quantity present
16
Table 4. Mineral Producers in the Northeastern
Four-County Area,. Alabama, 1963 1/
Type of mineral
and producer County Operation status 
Remarks
Coal 2/
Cain Coal Company
Bridgeport, Alabama
Reams & Smith Coal Co.
Stevenson, Alabama
Iron Ore (Brown)
Arrington Mining Co.
Sidehart, Alabama
Limestone & Dolomite
A. E. Burgess Co., Inc.
W. S. Fowler Equipment
Co.
Pearsall Limestone Inc.
Ashburn & Gray Co.
B & W Limestone Co.
Porter Brown Limestone
Co.
C. A. Langford & Co.
Sand & Gravel
Wolf Creek Sand Co.
Jackson
Jackson
Intermi ttent
Active
Cherokee Inactive
Cherokee
Cherokee
DeKal b
Jackson
Jackson
Jackson
Intermittent
Intermittent
Intermittent
Active
Active
Intermittent
Marshall Active
Cherokee Intermittent
Cain Mine
Underground
Reames & Smith
Underground
Sidehart Mine
Story Quarry
Trotter Quarry
Fort Payne
Quarry
Road material
No. 8 Portable
Valley Quarry
Scottsboro
Quarry
Langford Quarry
Wolf Creek Pit
1/ Cook, Thomas E., Monford P. Turner, and Thomas A. Simpson,
Alabama's 
Mineral 
Industry, 
Univ. 
Alabama, 
1963.
2/ Coalmine operators that produce less than 1,000 tons 
per year are
not listed.
17
does not seem sufficient to give much hope of immediate development.
1
Bauxite
Bauxite is a mineral composed essentially of hydrated 
aluminum oxides.
Its chief use is as an ore of aluminum. However, because of the impurities
of Alabama bauxite, its principle use is in the manufacture 
of refractories,
abrasives, and chemicals. Deposits of this mineral 
are found in Cherokee
and DeKalb counties.
2 
New uses and better methods of ore benefication for
these impure bauxites will no doubt enhance the 
value of these deposits.
There are 3 known ore bodies in DeKalb County and 31 
in Cherokee
County.
Coal
Part of the Plateau Field (8,941 square miles) 
occupies about 12
counties of northern Alabama.
3  
Part of this field extends the length of
DeKalb County, in a large part of Marshall County, 
and in parts of Jackson
and Cherokee counties. Mining in recent 
years has been at a minimum, with
only one active mine at present.
Limestones
Limestones suitable for the production of cement are 
located in the
area. DeKalb County has part of the limestone 
outcrop in a more or less
continuous belt extending from Tuscaloosa County in 
a northeasterly direc-
tion comprising a large strip throughout the 
length of the county. Jackson
1
Bowles, Edgar, The Geology and Mineral Resources 
of Cherokee County,
Circular 15, Geol. Sur. of Alabama, Univ. Alabama, 
1941.
2
Jones, Walter B., The Bauxite Deposits of Alabama, 
Circular 7, Geol.
Sur. of Alabama, Univ. Alabama, July 1929.
3
Butts, Charles, Analyses of Alabama Coals, Bulletin 
31, Geol. Sur.
of Alabama, Univ. Alabama, 1926.
18
County is abundantly supplied with limestone of the Bangor and Tuscumbia
divisions of the Mississippian age. Both of these limestones are excel-
lent for manufacture of Portland cement, Cherokee and Marshall counties
are also well supplied with limestone.
Sandstone
The Pottsville sandstone of Pennsylvanian age in the Guntersville
area probably offers the best possibilities for building stone 
since
these thin-bedded phases can be quarried more economically than the thick
and complex-bedded sandstone in the area.
1
The outcrops of sandstone are widely distributed in the Guntersville
area which includes Marshall and DeKalb counties. In this region the
individual beds in the Pottsville formation vary from 1 to 16 inches
thick. The aggregate thickness of these thin beds totals approximately
50 feet. In some places the quality of the sandstone for building pur-
poses is impaired by cross-bedding, numerous closely-spaced joints, and
iron-stained spots.
Popul ation
Population within the four-county area at 142,419 in 1960 repre-
sented a decline of 3.0 per cent since 1950 (Figure 2). This decrease
in the area during the period may be compared with increases of 
6.7 per
cent and 18.9 per cent for Alabama and the United States, respectively.
Out migration has resulted from lack of opportunities for prospective
workers in the area and existing job opportunities in other areas.
1Hunter, Charles E., Thin Bedded Sandstone of the Guntersville Area,
Circular 12, Geol. Sur, of Alabama, Univ, Alabama, 19140.
19
Area Unit and
Population 1960
Cherokee 
16,303
DeKalb 41,417
Jackson 36,681
Marshall 48,018
Area total 142,419
Alabama 3,266, 74
U.S. 179,323,175
-.10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Per cent
Fig. 2. Percentage Increase or Decrease in Population, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, and U.S., 1950 to 1960
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population, 1950 and 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S.
Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
20
The study area contained 4.8 per cent of the State's population in
1950 as compared with 4.4 per cent in 1960, Distribution within the area
indicated little change in the 10-year period, (Table 5).
Of particular importance to developmental possibilities within the
area is the change that occurred in the age distribution between 1950
and 1960 (Figure 3). There has been a decided decrease in the number of
individuals below 45 years of age and a corresponding increase in those
above that age. The number above age 70 increased substantially during
the period. Possibilities for economic adjustment become more limited
as the population grows relatively older.
Rural-Urban Population
While both rural and urban population decreased absolutely in the
four-county area during the past several decades, the rural farm popula-
tion experienced the greater decline (Figure 4) The rural farm popula-
tion decline has been especially large during the past decade. This has
been partly because of re-definitions by the Census, but also reflects
the well-known changes that have been experienced in most rural communi-
ties in the past. Rural farm population amounted to 35 per cent of the
total in 1960 as compared with 61 per cent in 1950.
While Marshall, Jackson, and DeKalb counties continued to become
urbanized in 1960 as compared with 1950, Marshall was above the others
in this respect. Its percentage urban population in 1960 as compared
with 1950 was 47 and 30, respectively, whereas the other counties remained
at 25 per cent or below. Towns in the area above 5,000 population in 1960
included Fort Payne, Scottsboro, Albertville, and Guntersville.
21
Table 5. Population Distribution Within Cherokee, DeKalb, Jackson,
and Marshall Counties, Alabama, 1950 and 1960
1950 
1960
Proportion Proportion
County Population of Population of
and area total pop. total pop.
No. Pct. No. Pct.
Cherokee 17,634 12 16,303 11
DeKalb 45,048 31 41,417 29
Jackson 38,998 26 36,681 26
Marshall 45,090 31 48,018 34
Four-county total 146,770 100 142,419 100
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1950 and 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S.
Dept. Com., Washington 25, D.C.
22
Age Range
Under 5 years
5 to 9' "
10 to 
14 t'
15 to 19 "I
20 to 214 t
to 29 1
to 314 t'
to 39
to 44 "
to 49 t
to 514 
t*
to 59
to 614 t
to 69
to 71
and over
No.
15,360
15, 180
15 ,793
12, 609
8,1467
8,320
8,663
8,713
8-3,838
8,777
7,8914
6.94714
5,0614
4,583
3,9520
4,161!
-30 -20 -10
J u LU
Per cent
Fig. 3. Total Population. by Age 1960 and Percentage Change 1950 to 1960,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1960
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Popul ati on 195.0 and 1960. Bur. of Census, U. S. Dept.
Cor., Washington, D. Ce
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
40 50
I
e4
60
23
160
140
0 " $ 
o " o "
0 e o 0 " ? " ? e
194019 
010o 
c 
o
/1+e ? : " ? e? $ e o .o " u e c o." ?9 0 
"
p e v ""
SOURCE U.S.Censupof?Ppulaton 90 15,ad?1960.?Bur . ofCenus
U.S. ept. Co, in D
p o? oe "
80 
"o " o " o o ?
P-1" 
eo"e o " ""o
a0 I
i " " s "
60 
"::" 
o;"
Yea
Fig 4 Uba, ura Nn-ar, ndRurl ar PpuatinNothaser
ForCony raAabm, 90,150 nd16
SOURE: .S Cesusof opultio 1940. 190, nd 160. Bu. o Cesus
U. S Det. Cm.,Wasingtn, . C
24
Race
The percentage of population classified as non-white remained steady
at about 4 per cent from 1950 to 1960. Percentages for the State for the
same years were 32 and 30, respectively. Non-white population as a per-
centage of total population is extremely low for the area when compared
with that of the State and Nation.
Statistics on non-white population as a per cent of total popu-
lation for the four-county area, Alabama, and the United States are as
follows:
Four-county area Alabama U.S.
1940 4.3 34.7 10.2
1950 4.0 32.1 10.5
1960 4.1 30.1 11.4
Empl oyment
The civilian labor force in the four-county area in 1965 was divided
as follows:
County Number employed
Cherokee 3,740
DeKalb 12,890
Jackson 11,890
Marshall 18,590
Total 48,110
Total unemployment in the entire area during the same year amounted
to 1,530 individuals. The low unemployment rate in all counties is
attributed to the relatively high level of economic activity existing
generally.
Employment in the area was reported to be about three-fourths non-
agricultural and one-fourth agricultural in 1965. Wage and salary workers
comprised the bulk of those engaged in nonagricultural pursuits, while the
remainder of about one-fifth was either self-employed or unpaid family
workers primarily. In terms of importance, wage and salary workers were
engaged in manufacturing, government service, wholesale and retail trade,
construction, and public transportation or utilities. Figures pertain-
ing to mining and quarrying were not reported because of the small number
of firms involved. Types of manufacturing in order of importance included
textiles, food and similar products, and lumber and wood. Practically all
the food and similar products were manufactured in Marshall County where
the grain and similar trade and processing have developed to a high
degree.
Changes in the distribution of the labor force by type of industry
are shown in Figure 5. Sharp decreases are noted for extractive pursuits
and substantial increases are shown for construction, manufacturing,
trades, and services.
Females have been drawn into the labor force in increasing numbers
during the past several decades, whereas the male portion has decreased.
Losses in the latter category have resulted in part to the decrease of
males in the rural-farm population and the insufficient growth in indus-
trial opportunities. Outmigration of males from the area has resulted
from these and other causes. Also affecting the employment complex has
been the increase in textile manufacturing in the area offering added
employment to female workers.
Type of industry
Extractive
(Agr., forestry, mining)
Productive
(Construction and mfg.)
Trades, services and
other
Unemployment
Year
1950
1960
1950
1960
1950
1960
1950
1960
Per cent
Fig. 5. Percentage Distribution of the Labor Force by Type Industry, North-
eastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1950 and 1960
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1950 and 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept.
Com., Washington, D.C.
26
27
Place of Work
Industrial centers within commuting distance of the four-county area
provided jobs for about 19 per cent of the area's workers in 1960. Centers
involved included Huntsville and Gadsden, Alabama; Chattanooga, Tennessee;
and Rome, Georgia. Improved transportation facilities accomplished and
underway are contributing to longer distance commuting by workers in the
area. Of the workers employed in the four-county area in 1960, about 8
of each 100 were coming from other counties or from out-of-state.
Income
Median family income in 1960 in the study area amounted to $2,952 as
compared with $3,937 for the State and $5,660 for the Nation (Figure 6).
Within the area, Marshall and Cherokee had higher median family incomes
than the other two counties. Distribution of income among families in
the area as compared with the State is given in Table 6
Per capita income in all counties in the study area increased sub-
stantially during the decade of the fifties; however, by 1962 all coun-
ties except Cherokee reflected a decrease in income as compared with that
of the State (Table 7)0
On a family income basis, the four-county area had 16 per cent of
all families under $1,000 in family income as compared with about 13 per
cent for the State (Figure 7). In every category up to $4, 000 per family,
percentages were substantially higher for the four-county area than for
the State. The situation is reversed at income levels above that amount.
For example, only about 11 per cent of the families in the study area
received incomes above $7,000 as compared with 20 per cent for the State.
Welfare payments in 1960 in the four-county area amounted to $14.14
Area Unit
United States
$5,560 = 1001/
Alabama
Four- County
Area 
:-
Marshall
Cherokee
Jackson
E
_________
)eKa lb
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10
Per cent
Fig. 6. Comparison of Median Family Income in the Northeastern Four-County Area 
with the tt
and U.S., 1960
I/Compared relative to U.S. = 100 per cent.
SOURCE: County and City Data Book, 1962. (A Statistical Abstract Supplement) U.S. Bur. o
Census, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
F I-
~~ r~P ii ~::;T4~:~ +I~Cr"L?
29
Table 6. Family Income Distribution, Four-County Area (Cherokee,
Dekaib, Marshall, and Jackson) and Alabama, 1960
Range in
family income
Under 
$1,000
$1, 000 - $2, 000
$2, 001. - $4, 000
$4, 001 - $7,000
Over $7, 000.
Families
in area
No.
5,958-
7,089
10,470
8, 982
4,9238
Distribution of families
Area State
Pct. Pct.
16.2 12.7
19.3 13.8
28.5 24.2
24.5 29.7
11.5 20.6
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Coin.,
Washington, D.C.
30
Table 7. Comparison of Estimated Per 
Capita Income in the Northeastern
Four-County Area with State
1953, 1956, 1957,
Income, 1939, 
1947,
1960, and 1962
1950,
(Compared on basis of State income = 100)
Year Alabama Cherokee DeKaib Jackson 
Marshall
Dol. Pct. p2.1 .
]T
2
!01 Pct~ o .lt. 
ol
1939 250 100 174 69.6 169 67.6 168 67.2 191 76.4
1947 794 100 596 75.1 579 72.9 560 70.5 653 82.2
1950 870 100 531 61.0 597 68.6 
520 59.8 702 80.7
1953 1,089 100 713 65.5 
740 68.0 662 60.8 842 
77.
1956 1,258 100 857 68.1 
818 65.0 749 59.5 926 73.6
1957 1,319 100 868 65.8 834 
63.2 766 58.1 929 70.4
1960 1,9464 100 1,125 76.8 
937 64.0 898 61.3 1,000 68.3
1962 1,552 100 1, 016 65.5 
954 61.5. 913 58.8 1,9051 67.7
2/ Per cent of' State income for corresponding 
Year..
SOURCE: Personal Income in Alabama, Counties 
Since 1939, Bur. of Bus.
Res. , Univ. Al1abama, 
1958-63.'
31
Family Income Area and
Range State
Four-County
Under $1,000 State
Four-County
$1,000 to $2,000 Area
$1,000 to $2,000._-
State
Area
$4,001 to $7,000
$7,001 and above AreaState... 
.,
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Per cent
Fig. 7. Percentage of Families with Specified Levels of Income, 
North-
eastern Four-County Area as Compared with the State, Alabama, 
1960
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population, 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept.
Com., Washington, D.C.
32
million. Individuals who received these payments totaled 7,459 or 
5.2
per cent of the population.
In 1964, 16,161 people in the area received $772,218 in social
security payments or about $47 per recipient.
Education and Facilities
The median number of years of schooling completed in 1960 for per-
sons above 25 years of age in the four-county area was 8.3 as compared
with the State average of 9.1 years. At the same time, more than one-
half of the individuals in the area in same age category had dropped out
of school before completing the ninth grade. Only 13 of each 100 indivi-
duals above 25 years of age had finished high school. The levels of
schooling indicated are lower than those of the State and decidedly lower
than for the Nation. However, starting from a lower base, percentage
gains in the area during the past 20 years have been greater than that
of either the State or Nation.
Additional facts pertaining to relative educational attainments are
presented in Figure 8. School enrollment and number of teachers for the
four-county area are listed in Table 8.
Evaluation and comparison of the level of training possessed by tea-
chers within the area reflect more than 8 per cent fewer college gradu-
ates and less years of college training as a whole when compared with the
State (Table 9). Variation in number of students per teacher was small.
The quality of education that is provided in an area contributes to
or detracts from the competence of the human resources. Contributing
greatly to the quality of education is the acquisition and retention of
highly qualified teachers.
33
Education
No school years
compl eted
Less than 9 years
completed
1 to 3 years high
school
4 years high school
College 1 to 3
years
College 4 years or
more
Unit
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Area
Al abama
U.S.
Per cent
Fig. 8. Percentage of Persons 25 Years and Older with Specified Levels
of Education, Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, and U.S., 1960
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1960. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Com.,
Washington, D.C.
34
Table 8. School Enrollment and Number of Teachers i n 
the
Northeastern Four-County Area and Alabama, 
1963-64
County
Cherokee ....
0 eKa 1b . .. .. . .. .....
Jackson ...... . ....
Marshall............
Area Total.....o.
Al abama ......... ... .. ..
Students
No.
4,$092
10,575
10,168
12,9847
371,682
843,019
Teachers
No.
15o8
390
350
454
1,352
29,576
Teacher
student
ratio 2
No.
1:25.9
71:29.0
1:28.3
1:27.9.
1:28.5
2Ratio is relatively low because all teachers were included.
SOURCE: Annual Report 1963-64, Alabama State Dept. Education, 
Montgomery,
Alabama.
ICIUlt: V 3CIIVVI CIIIVI IIIICIIL CIIIU IYUIIIYt
II
N
35
Table 9. Comparison of Teacher Training in the Northeastern
Four-County Area and Alabama, 1964 1/
County, area
and state
Cherokee
DeKalb
Jackson
Marshal 1
Four-County Total
Alabama
Teachers
No.
158
390
350
454
1,352
29,576
College
graduates
Pct.
90.5
87.7
76.3
84.6
84.0
92.4
Three years
or more
training
Pct.
94.9
94.6
83.1
89.4
89.9
95.8
/ Includes all teachers.
SOURCE: Annual Report 1963-64., Alabama State Dept. Education, Montgomery,
Alabama.
Less than
two years
college
training
Pct.
.6
1.0
4.6
2.9
2.5
1.4
mosup... .
36
Since Alabama does not have a state salary schedule, those county and
city school systems that develop higher pay schedules can be more selective
in acquiring and keeping the more qualified teachers. This is not only
true among county and city school systems but also among states.
Some indication of the relative position of average salaries paid
classroom teachers can be gained from the following: Classroom teachers
for the United States received an average salary of $6,506 per year in
1965-1966. The average salary in the Southeast was $5,372. The State's
average of $5,150 was $222 below the Southeastern average and $1,356 below
the national average. The average for the four-county area of Cherokee,
DeKalb, Jackson, and Marshall was considerably below that of the State.
Comparison of the teacher's salary schedule in the four-county area
with those of nearby school systems may give some indications of the
local differences that exist. Salaries for certificates I, II, and III
are compared in Table 10. Certificate I is for teachers with Master's
degrees, certificate II is for Bachelor's degrees, and certificate III
is for the teachers with 3 years of college.
The difference between city and county schools is not representative
of that among counties in the State. This comparison is given only to
point out the extreme differences in salaries that exist in adjacent coun-
ties and especially in nearby city schools. The difficulties in keeping
quality teachers in some counties is readily apparent-in view of the
salary differentials.
School1s
County school systems prevail almost exclusively in the area. Scotts-
boro in Jackson County and Fort Payne in DeKalb County are the only two
city school systems at the present time.
37
Table 10. Comparison of Teacher Salary Schedules in the Northeastern
Four-County Area with Nearby School Systems, Alabama, 1965-1966
County
or city
Cherokee
DeKalb
Jackson
Marshall
Huntsville
Madi son
Rank I
Max. Min.
Dotl. Doil.
5,558 4,775
5,511 4,971
5,1448 4,918
5,607 4, 91 1
7,260 5,280
6,1430 5,280
Rank II
Max. Mm.
Dot. Dot.
4,703 1037
4, 705 1225
4, 703 4,173
4, 723 4,1147
6,600 4,7140
5,750 4,470
Rank III
Max. Mm.
Dol. Dol.
3,798 3,125
3,783 3,363
3,798 3,9268
3,801 3,213
5,280 3,636
4,600 3,636
SOURCE: ClassroomTeacher
Alabama Education Assn.
Salary Schedule 1965-1,966. Res. Div.,
.,...mlwm
YCI\~ I iJ Ir II I 7r -I I 1 7 IVI
38
Crowded conditions and lack of adequate 
facilities are among the pro-
blems faced in many of the schools of the area. New school buildings are
needed in a few instances.. This fact is evident in the city school systems
as well as the county systems.
The average number of students...enrolled in the area is approximately
38,000.
Two Junior colleges are located in the area. Snead Junior College
is in Boaz and the Northeast Alabama Junior College is located on the
DeKalb-Jackson County line. These two institutions are offering high
school graduates of the area an opportunity to continue their education.
The recent establishment of the Northeast Alabama Junior College gives a
new perspective to students of the area that desire to continue their edu-
cation while living at home.
Trade schools are located in commuting distance of part of the four
counties; however, the need for vocational trade schools in closer proxim-
ity to all four counties appears to be justified. Justification and
requests for establishment of this type school have been submitted by
Marshall County educators to the responsible State authorities.
Commerce and Industry
Retail establishments totaled 1,563 in the area in 1963 as compared
with 1,218 in 1953. While the number increased 28 per cent, sales volume
increased 62 per cent, $74.5 million to $120.8 million. Except for gen-
eral merchandise stores, increases in number of stores were experienced
for most types of retail establishments during the period. Increases in
numbers occurred for food stores, automobile dealers, service stations,
and home appliance stores. Consistent with national patterns, the trend
39
has been toward more highly capitalized businesses. This has been espe-
cially true for food stores.
From 1958 to 1963, wholesale establishments in the area increased
by 50 units, or 36 per cent. During the same period, volume of sales
increased 63 per cent, and number of paid employees increased from 710
to 1,099, or 55 per cent.
The number of manufacturing establishments in the four-county area
increased 13 per cent during the period 1954-63. Employment in manufac-
turing changed from 4,916 to 8,834 during the same period (Table 11).
In addition to the 80 per cent increase in manufacturing employment during
the 10-year period, value added by manufacturers increased from $29.3
million in 1958 to $58.8 million in 1963. On a percentage basis Jackson
County registered the largest increase in value added by manufacturers,
a 146.7 per cent increase during the period.
Transportation, Communications, and Utilities
Railroads serving the four-county area include the Louisville and
Nashville, Southern, and the Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia lines (Figure
9).
Jackson County is served by Southern Railway lines connecting the
important trade centers within the county with points outside the county
and State. Linkages include Huntsville; Chattanooga, Tennessee; Scotts-
boro, Stevenson, and Bridgeport.
Marshall County is served by the Gadsden to Huntsville line of the
Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company, passing through Boaz, Albert-
ville, and Guntersville.
The Alabama Great Southern line serves DeKalb County passing through
Collinsville, Fort Payne, Valley Head, and Mentone and connecting Birmingham
and Chattanooga.
40
Table 11. Selected Data of Manufacturers in the Four-County
Area, Alabama, 1947, 1954, 1958, and 1963
Item 1947 1954 1958 1963
Number of establishments * 162 173 183
Number with 20 or more
employees * 44 56
Number of employees 5,543 4,916 5,585 8,834
Payroll ($1,000) $16,808 $26,619
Value added by manufac-
turer ($1,000) $10,969 $16,915!/ $29,328 
$58,829
Value added for Cherokee County not included because of disclosure.
*Not Available
SOURCE: Census of Manufacturers, 1947, 1954, 1958, and 1963. Bur. 
of
Census, Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
41
Fig. 9. Railroads in the Northeastern Four-County Area,
Alabama, 1965
SOURCE: Alabama Railroad Assn., 
Montgomery, Alabama.
42
In 1964 a total of 4,629 miles of local roads were reported for the
four-county area, 38 per cent of which was paved (Table 12). This may be
compared with 4,490 miles of road in 1954, 11 per cent of which was paved.
Thus, in the 10-year period, local paved roads increased in mileage by
256 per cent, while unpaved roads decreased by 28 per cent.
A diagram of the road system within the area is shown in Figure 10.
U.S. Highway 231, north-south artery from Chicago to Montgomery, passes
through Arab in Marshall County. U.S. Highway 431, important route between
Nashville, Tennessee,and Dothan, Alabama, serves Boaz, Albertville, and
Guntersville within the study area. U.S. Highway 72, east-west route con-
necting Huntsville and Chattanooga, serves Scottsboro and other points in
Jackson County. Serving DeKalb County is Interstate Highway 59 and U.S.
Highway 11 passing through most of the county in a northeasterly direc-
tion. U.S. Highway 411 serves Cherokee County, connecting Gadsden and
Rome, Georgia, and passing through Centre and Leesburg within the county.
More than 10 Alabama State Highways serve the four-county area. Thus,
the study area is particularly well situated with respect to important
highways, which is conducive to development of agriculture, industry, and
recreation within the area.
No commercial airports are located in the four-county area. Commer-
cial airports served by scheduled airlines are located at Gadsden and
Huntsville, as well as Chattanooga, Tennessee. Gadsden is served by
Southern Airways and Huntsville by Eastern and Capital Airlines. These
three airports can be readily reached from points within the four-county
area.
Local airports for light planes are located at the four county-seats.
In addition, such airports are located at many of the smaller towns within
Table 12. Road Mileage by Type and County 
in the Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954 
and 1964
Local roads 
State system roads
County Unpaved Paved 
Total Unpaved Paved 
Total
1954 1964 1954 1964 .1954 
1 1964 1954 1964 54 1964
Cherokee 608 436 118 338 
726 774 1 1 101 
87 101
DeKalb 1,578 1,221 145 430 
1,723 1,651 1 1 1882 
138 1882
Jackson 953 642 117 
518 1,070 1,160 1 5 
1 209 145 214
Marshall 859 579 112 
465 971 1,044 1 
1 134 125 134
Total 3,998 2,878 
492 1,751 4,490 4,629 
5 632 495 637
lBreakdown between paved and unpaved 
unavailable.
2
lncludes 21 miles Interstate Highway.
SOURCE: Bur. of Planning 
and Programming, Alabama 
State Highway Dept., Montgomery, 
Alabama.
4 4
TO WINCHESTERP TO SWANEL
7.r fl L -- - RUSSELL
It
42A
-A L2),'
J S. N M L MARN<
ST ATE N MACK
. )LMASS5
Fig. 10. Highways in the Northeastern Four-County Area,
Alabama, 1965-1966
SOURCE: Official 1965-1966 Alabama Highway Map, Courtesy Alabama
Highway Dept.
ATTANOOGA
the area. Hangar facilities for light planes are not provided at all of
these airports.
Waterways discussed earlier, present an important means of serving
commerce and agriculture in the area. The Tennessee River, passing through
Marshall and Jackson counties, provides a 9-foot navigable passage from
Knoxville, Tennessee, and through its confluence with the Ohio River to all
river ports in the Central Basin of the U.S. Guntersville, Alabama, loca-
ted on this waterway, is consequently an important grain terminal and serves
as a terminal for steel, coal, and other products for subsequent shipment
by truck to destinations throughout the Southeast.
Telephone service is available throughout the area, the main towns
being served by the Southern Bell System. In addition, some smaller com-
munities are served by independent systems connecting with the Bell System.
Western Union Telegraph Company serves the larger towns in the study
area.
Adequate electric power is available in the four-county area. T.V.A.
transmits power throughout the area, with local companies and/or coopera-
tives providing distribution and service. Individual cities within the
four counties claim relatively low electric rates when compared with
other areas of the country. Prospective users of large amounts of elec-
tric power may obtain quoted rates directly from T.V.A.
Gas and other fuels available may be described as adequate. Cities
and towns within the area will supply prospective industry with rate sche-
dules for gas based upon individual load factors.
Water supply is considered excellent throughout most of the four-
county area. Present water rates are comparable with those of other areas
in the State. Municipal systems will quote rates to prospective industry
on an individual basis according to the amount of processed water desired.
46
Hospital and Medical Facilities
According to an inventory made by the Alabama Department of Public
Health, Cherokee County has one general hospital, which has had steady
increase in utilization since opening in 1957. The single nursing home
in the County is operated by the hospital; expansion is said to be needed.
Public health facilities are considered adequate with only minor expansion
of ambulatory patient care needed.
The first general hospital in DeKalb County was opened in 1951.
Expansion is presently needed in spite of additions made in 1961. Other
than expansion needs in ambulatory care, public health facilities report-
edly are adequate in the county.
Jackson County has two general hospitals located in Scottsboro and
Bridgeport, and a small clinic at Flat Rock. A small tuberculosis hospi-
tal housed in an obsolete structure is also located there. The County
Public Health Center was constructed in 1958, and a Hill-Burton Nursing
home is currently under construction in Scottsboro. County needs include
the establishment of long-term care facilities, additional nursing homes,
improved ambulatory care facilities, modernization and expansion of tuber-
culosis hospital facilities.
In Marshall County, Guntersville and Albertville had hospital facili-
ties at the beginning of the Hill-Burton program. Under the program,
county owned facilities were constructed at Boaz, Arab, and Guntersville.
The two hospitals in Albertville are obsolete, and the Department of Public
Health recommends phasing them out with a concurrent expansion of the Boaz-
Albertville Hospital. Expansion is needed for both acute general and long-
term care facilities in the county.
47
According to the American Medical Association, 67 doctors were loca-
ted in the area in 1965. The doctor-population ratio for the area was
1:2203 as compared to the State ratio of 1:1290. Although more doctors
are needed in the area, the relative disparity is influenced by the
absence of large population centers.
Recreation
Recreation development offers possibilities for economic growth in
the area. Blessed with natural beauty, development of scenic attrac-
tions date back to the 1800's. Each county in the area presently has
some development in recreation, both public and private. These include
parks, lakes, scenic drives, caves, and camp sites.
Two of the 13 major State parks are located in the four-county
area-DeSoto State Park in DeKalb County and Little Mountain State park
in Marshall. The former features swimming, fishing, boating, hiking,
and picnicking at DeSoto Falls Lake. In addition, there is a 1
6
-mile
parkway along Little River Canyon, the deepest gorge east of the
Mississippi River and sometimes called the Grand Canyon of the South.
DeSoto park has 4,825 acres and is famous for its wild azeleas and
rhododendrons during May and June. It is located nine miles south of
Mentone and eight miles northeast of Fort Payne. It is rich in Cherokee
Indian lore and was used as a base of military expeditions during the
Creek Wars. Rustic cabins are situated within the park with hotels and
motels located nearby.
Little Mountain State Park has 4,000 acres and is located on Gunters-
ville Lake in the Tennessee Valley. Relatively undeveloped, the park
offers a new tent camping area and a trailer camp with water, lights,
and bathing facilities. Also provided are restaurant facilities,
48
concession stand, rest rooms, boats for rent, and fishing tackle at Town
Creek, and boats and consession stand at Short Creek within the Park.
Fishing in Guntersville Lake is considered excellent for bass, crappie,
and bluegill.
Park attendance for 1964 was as follows:
Park Day visitors Overnight visitors
DeSoto 94,000 9,830
Little Mountain 246,466 27,380
Other parks and parkways in the area include Little River Parkway
within DeSoto State Park, and DeSoto Parkway consisting of 9 miles of
paved scenic drive from DeSoto Park to DeSoto Falls. About 178,500 per-
sons enjoyed the park and scenic parkways during 1964.
Guntersville Lake, nestled among picturesque mountains, has 693 miles
of shoreline and 69,100 acres of water. Offered are swimming, fishing,
boating, sailing, camping, water skiing, and yachting. The annual Jaycee
Boat Race Festival is an international event featuring races of various
types of craft, such as sailboats and hydroplanes. The coveted Dixie Cup
event brings crafts from across the country.
T.V.A. estimates of annual visits to Marshall and Jackson counties
are almost 8.0 and 3.5 million, respectively.
Weiss Lake was formed by Weiss Lock and Dam near Leesburg in Cherokee
County and extends into Georgia. The major portion of the dams was com-
pleted by 1962 forming 30,200 acres of impoundment and offering excellent
fishing. A shoreline of 447 miles offers further opportunities for camp-
ing, picnicking, fishing, and other uses.
49
Managed hunting areas within the four-counties are 
as follows:
Name of area
Crow Creek Waterfowl
Management 
Area
Mud Creek Waterfowl
Management Area
Size
(Acres)
2,161
8,193
Location
Stevenson,
Jackson County
12 miles north
of Scottsboro,
Jackson County
Type of game
for hunting
Waterfowl
Quail
Squirrel
Rabbit
Dove
Raccoon
Opossum
Waterfowl
Quail
Squirrel
Rabbit
Dove
Raccoon
Opossum
North Sauty Waterfowl
Refuge
Raccoon Creek Waterfowl
Management Area
Skyline Management Area
Crow Creek Waterfowl
Refuge
6,700
7,080
23,000
2,395
Scottsboro,
Jackson County
4 miles east
of Stevenson,
Jackson County
18 miles north
of Scottsboro,
Jackson County
Stevenson,
Jackson County
Cathedral Caverns, located at Grant, Alabama, has arches 40 feet
high and 128 feet wide. Chasms deep enough to envelope a 12-story build-
ing, a "frozen waterfall" of pink stone, and a stalagmite 60 feet tall
and 200 feet in girth are points of interest.
Raccoon
Opossum
Dove
Quail
Squirrel
Rabbit
Waterfowl
Quail
Squirrel
Rabbit
Dove
Raccoon
Deer
Quail
Quail
Squirrel
Rabbit
Raccoon
Opposum
Dove
50
Guntersville Caverns was inhabited by early Indians. Fossils of
extinct sea animals indicate that the site was once under 
water. Salt
petre ore was mined for gun powder during the Civil 
War, and subsequently
the cave provided a hideout for famous outlaws. 
The Caverns are located
9 miles South of Guntersville on Alabama 
Highway 79.
Manitou Cave is within the city limits of Fort Payne. In the lan-
guage of the Cherokee Indians, it means "The Great 
Spirit." The cave
with interesting rock formations is open to the public 
throughout the
year.
Sequoyah Caves are located in DeKalb County near U.S. Highway 
11
and Interstate 59. Named for the inventor of 
the Cherokee Alphabet, it
offers glittering stalactites, stalagmites, helicites, richly ornamented
domes, and other rock and water formations. 
The attraction is privately
owned and open the year round.
Russell Cave National Monument is located near Bridgeport in 
Jackson
County. It has yielded many artifacts dating from the 
period 6200 B.C4
to 1650 A.D. The cave is near the southern end of the 
Cumberland Plateau,
a region of impressive relief in which eroded plateau 
remnants remain
1,700 feet above the flat-floored valleys-locally 
known as "caves." The
archaeological site is in a rock shelter that 
forms an entrance to an
extensive cavern opening in the face of a limestone 
cliff.
DeSoto Falls referred to earlier, is located 
within DeSoto State
Park near Fort Payne. It pours into a natural rock basin 
surrounded on
all sides by sheer rock cliffs. Picnic facilities are 
available in scenic
surroundings.
Little River Canyon is located within DeSoto State Park, and 
is said
to be the deepest gorge east of the Rockies. Little River, 
flowing on the
canyon floor, makes its way across cascades and waterfalls.
51
Buck's Pocket is located near Grove Oak in DeKalb County on South
Sauty Creek. The area consists of a magnificent gorge of about 800 feet
in depth and 10 miles in length. The site is presently awaiting develop-
ment as a tourist area. The backwaters of Guntersville Dam are within 12
miles of the gorge, affording excellent fishing and boating.
A number of camp grounds are located within the four-county area.
Some are operated by managers of related recreational services, such as
caverns or other attractions.
Some of the main camping sites in the area are as follows:
Name of camp
Jackson County Park
Cathedral Caverns
Donahoo's Resort
Area
Guntersvi 1 le
Caverns
South Sauty Camp
Honeycomb Beach
Struts Bluff Camp
Vaughns Recreation
Center
Little River Marina
Bay Springs Campground
E. C. Lacks Camp
Bob's Fish Camp
Pruitt Fish Camp
Coleys Camp
Location and charges
Scottsboro, Alabama, no charge
Grant, Alabama, no charge for overnight camping
14 miles N.E. of Guntersville, Alabama, $2.00 for
camping (50c extra for electricity)
Guntersville, Alabama, no prepared campsites
19 miles N.E. of Guntersville, Alabama, no charge
9 miles N.W. of Guntersville, Alabama, camping
$1.50 per day
2 miles N.E. of Highway 69 from point 3 miles N.W.
of Guntersville, Alabama, camping $1.00 per day
Guntersville, Alabama, camping $1.00 per day
Cedar Bluff, Alabama, no charge
22 miles N.W. Centre, Alabama, camping $2.00 per day
7 miles S.W. of Centre, Alabama, tents $1.00,
trailers $1.50
7 miles S.W. of Centre, Alabama, camp trailers $1.00
per day, no charge for tents
4 miles E. of Centre, Alabama, camping $1.00 per day
On Weiss Lake, camping $1.00 per day
52
Moore Trailer Park Centre, Alabama, trailers $1.50 
per day
Ossa-Win-Tha 6 miles N.E. of Guntersville, Alabama, 
trailers
$2.00 per day
More than 14 major fishing camps and boat docks serve 
the public at
Weiss Lake. Likewise, similar facilities 
are offered on Guntersville Lake.
Although Jackson County has many of these 
types of installations, Marshall
County shoreline has the majority.
The climate and scenery of Lookout Mountain extending 
throughout
DeKalb County provide an excellent environment for summer 
homes. Lakeside
homes and summer cabins have become popular in recent 
years, especially
along Guntersville and Weiss lakes.
The Lookout Mountain Range provides ideal locations 
for summer camps,
particularly in DeKalb County. The camping season 
begins in the middle of
June and extends into the middle of August. Data pertaining 
to summer
camps in the area are presented in Table 13.
Public Administration
In addition to the four county governments in the 
study area, there
exists more than 20 incorporated municipal 
governments. The mayor-council
type of governmental structure prevails 
in towns through most of the area.
Taxes
State ad valorem taxes amount to 6.5 
mills, while city taxes range
from 5.0 to 15.0 mills and county taxes from 15 to 
26 mills. As an induce-
ment to industry, however, Alabama law permits exemptions 
on st ate, count y,
and city property taxes up to 10 years for new industry. 
Land and school
taxes are not waived.
Property valuation in 1964 for all four counties amounted 
to
$103,677,840 (Table 14). Real estate comprised more than 55 per cent of
53
Table 13. Type, Number, Capacity, and Number of Employees
of Summer Camps in the Four-County Area, Alabama, 1965
Number Type Number of Total youth Number
of of youth at for of
County camps camp one time season employees
Cherokee 0 None None None None
DeKalb 1 Boys 115 230 30
1 Boys 128 160 38
1 Girls 250 500 80
1 Boys 125 250 35
1 Boys 100-125 250 35
1 Theraputic
community camp 48 48 19
1 Girls 225 450 55
1 Girls or boys 25-40 50 10
1 Scout 300 1,800 40
Jackson 1 Church 68 500 5
Marshall 1 Boys 105 525 20
S 1/ 200 2,400 25
2/100 1,000
1 1/ 55 165 20
2/ 30 135
Total 13 8,463 412
1/ Type of camp not available.
2 Off season and weekend campers.
SOURCE: Dept. Public Health, Montgomery, Alabama.
Table 14. Valuation for Taxes Assessed in the Northeastern Four-County Area of Alabama,
October 1, 1963 to October 1, 1964 (Due and Payable October 1, 1964)
County
Cherokee
DeKalb
Jackson
Marshall
Four-County
Total
Gross
Total real Personal
valuation estate property
19,942,890 5,651,760 846,180
21,466,310 13,087,320 3,430,690
24,778,200 13,833,360 2,903,380
37,490,440 24,799,530 5,974,110
Public
utilities
----- 
Dollars
12,232,400
2,415,480
4,123,140
2,376,340
103,677,840 57,371,970 13,154,360 21,147,360
Motor 107% Homestead Industrial
vehiclesl/ penalty exemptions exemptions
1,212,550 660 2,581,180 -
2,532,820 30,790 6,737,780 -
3,918,320 17,270 6,110,400 -
4,340,460 48,090 11,572,140 1,675,410
12,004,150 96,810 27,001,500 1,675,410
_'Motor vehicle figures are the assessed valuation for the tax year 1963: all others are from Tax
Assessors Abstracts Submitted to the State Comptroller as of November 30, 1964.
SOURCE: Tax Assessors abstracts submitted to State Comptroller.
55
this evaluation; personal property, 12.7 per cent; public utilities, 20.4
per cent; and motor vehicles, 11.6 per cent. Location of the valued pro-
perty was as follows: Cherokee County 19.2 per cent, DeKalb County 20.7
per cent, Jackson County 23.9 per cent, and Marshall County 36.2 per cent.
Marshall County had more than $11.5 million in homestead exemptions and
another $1.7 million in industrial exemptions for tax purposes.
Because of Weiss Damand Reservoir, Cherokee County had 57.8 per
cent of the total public utility valuation in the four-county area.
Total taxes collected by the State in the area in 1963-64, excluding
income taxes, amounted to $9.2 million, representing a $5 million increase
over the previous 10-year period. County proportions of taxes collected
were as follows: Cherokee, 10.2 per cent; DeKalb, 26.2 per cent; Jackson,
21.4 per cent; and Marshall, 42.2 per cent.
Agricul ture
The four-county area is predominately rural with 50.2 per cent of
the land area in farms. Between 1954 and 1964, the number of farms in
the area decreased from 16.0 to 9.7 thousand, while the average size of
farms in acres increased from 84 to 102, which is still relatively low
as compared with averages for the State and Nation. Distribution of
farms by size in the area in 1964 is shown in Figure 11. These facts
contribute to problems in mechanization and relatively low income levels.
Increased production of vegetables in the Sand Mountain area of DeKalb,
Jackson, and Marshall counties has been related to characteristics found
there and the need to increase farm income.
Changes in farm characteristics in the area over a 10-year period
are listed in Table 15. Although few in number, farms in sales cate-
gories above $10,000 increased sharply during the 1954-64 period.
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Acres
Fig. 11. Percentage Distribution of Farms by Size, Northeastern Four-
County Area, Alabama, 1964
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1964. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Com.,
Washington, D.C.
56
(1)
P-
180- 260- 500+
259 499
100-
179
57
Table 15. Number of Farms by Class in the Northeastern Four-County Area,
Alabama, and Per Cent Change from 1954 to 1964
Farms by economic class
Class I ($40,000 or more)
Class II ($20,O00-$39,OO0)
Class III ($10,OOO-$19,999)
Class IV ($5,OO0-$9,999)
Class V ($2,500-$4,999)
Class V/I ($50-$2,499)
Other farms
Part time
Part retirement
Abnormal
19542.
Number
80
293
532
2,676
4,423
3,002
5, 103
2,9022
3,080
1964
Number
279
642
916
1,319
1,599
1,797
3,135
2,248
886
Change
from 1954
to 1964
Per cent
+249
+119
+ 72
- 51
- 64
- 40
- 39
+ 11
- 71
2/Adjusted for 1959 definition of a farm.
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1954 and 1964, Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept.
Coin., Washington, D.C.
58
Conversely, the number of farms in sales categories below $10,000 was
reduced. The number of part-time farms within the area continued to
increase, reflecting an 11 per cent gain during the 10-year period. This
increasing trend in part-time farms is consistent with that occurring in
other parts of the State and Nation.
Farm product sales in 1964 for the area amounted to $70.7 million
or an average of about $7,304 per farm, and more than three times the
amount per farm in 1954. Field crops accounted for 39 per cent of total
cash receipts in the most recent year as compared with 65 per cent in
1954, reflecting a sharp decline in relative importance of field crops.
A sharp increase in all livestock and livestock product sales in the
area is consistent with the trend toward animal agriculture. However,
closer analysis reveals that poultry and poultry products comprise more
than 81 per cent of all livestock product sales in 1964. From a 5 per
cent of total farm products sold in 1949, poultry products increased to
more than 47 per cent of the total in 1964. The percentage of total
sales contributed by each farm product is presented in Figure 12 for
specified years.
Cotton farms have been the most numerous in the four-county area,
accounting for about 54, 40, and 32 per cent of all farms in 1954, 1959,
and 1964, respectively, (Table 16). Other than poultry farms, no other
one classification appears to stand out in terms of importance. Miscel-
laneous and unclassified farms, as a group, was the largest in 1964,
accounting for about 34 per cent of the total.o
Forests
Commercial forests in the four-county area comprise 55 per cent of
the total land aream Ownership is distributed as follows: farmers, 45.8
Agricultural Product
Field crops
Vegetables, fruit, nuts
and forest products
Poultry products
Year
1954i Y
I
P
1949,
1954
1959
1964
1949
fruit uts 1954
nrn~llr1959
Dairy products
Livestock other than
poultry
1949&
1954
1959 1
20 30 50 60 70 80 90 100
Per cent
Fig. 12. Percentage That Each Farm Product Sales 
was of Total Farm Products
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
Sold, Northeastern
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr. 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964. Bur, of Census, U.S.Dept.Cor.
Washington, D.C.
40
as9
96Y4 _~
C
60
Table 16. Farms by Type in the Northeastern Four-County
Area,* Alam, 1950, 1954, and. 1959
19501 19541 1959 1964
Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct.
Type farm Number of Number of Number of Number of
total total total total
Field -crops 11,794 60.4 8,975 56.1 
5,351 43.2 3,738 38.5
Cotton 11,558 59.2 8,628 53.9 4,923 39.7 3,084.31.8
Cash grain 176 .9 290 1.8 346 2.8 592 6.1
Other field
crops 60 .3 57 .4 82 .7 62 .6
Vegetable farms 14 .1 33 .2 
30 .2 55 .6
Fruit and nut
farms 11 .1 21 .1 6 - 10 -
Poultry farms 233 1.2 591 3.7 1,105 8.9 1,9307 13.5
Dairy farms 116 .6 134 .8 142 1.1 93 1.0
Livestock other
than poultry
or dairy 479 2.4 618 3.8 521 4.2 598. 6.2
General farms 1,122 5.7 497 3.1 657 5.3- 
558 5.8
Misc. and
unclassified 5,768 29.5 5,148 32.2 4,598 37.1 3,328. 34.4
SOURCE: U.S. Census Agr., 1950 1954, 1959, and 1964. Bur. of Census, U. S.
Dept. om., Washington, D-.C.
61
per cent; miscellaneous and private interests, 39.2 per cent; forest indus-
try, 11.9 per cent; and remainder in public ownership (Table 17).
Estimates of forest products sold per year ranged from $1.2 million
in 1964 to a high of $2.0 million in 1955. Growing stock increased by
19.3 per cent in the 10-year period 1953-63. This change was not even for
all counties as softwood stock decreased in DeKalb and Jackson counties
during the period. Hardwoods increased by 26.5 per cent during the period,
with Jackson County experiencing an increase of 38.1 per cent.
Information and technical assistance to stimulate better management
among small woodland operators is being provided by public and private
agencies. It is felt that possibilities exist for increasing forest pro-
ductivity by raising the level of pine stocking and by applying 
stand
improvement techniques on both pine and hardwood stands. Improvements
include removing culls and other low-value trees interfering with growth
or establishment of more desirable ones; planning timber harvests so as
to ensure a buildup in the quality, size, and utility of trees; and plant-
ing pines on sites where adequate natural regeneration is unlikely.
Table 17. Commercial Forest Land by County and Ownership for the
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama 1963
All National Other Forest Farmer Misc.
County ownerships forest public industry owned private
---------------------- Thousand Acres--------------------
Cherokee 244.2 - 1 59.5 99.2 85.5
DeKalb 252.0 - 5.6 17.2 154.4 74.8
Jackson 442.0 - 14.0 43.4 156.2 228.4
Marshall 176.0 - 15.8 11.2 101.1 47.9
Area Total 1114.2 - 35.4 131.3 510.9 436.6
1
Negl igible
SOURCE: U.S. Dept. Agr., For. Ser., Southern For. Expt. Sta.
62
Summary and Recommendations
The four-county area under consideration is located in the northeastern
part of Alabama and southern extremity of Appalachia. Problems characteris-
tic of this broad area generally are applicable to the study area.
Climatic conditions prevailing in the area are characterized by mild
mean temperature, long growing season, and adequate rainfall for varied crop
production.
Soils suitable for farming in the area are generally productive and
responsive to good management. Much of the area not conducive to tillage
is stony and steep, useful primarily for recreation.
Water development has proceeded extensively in the area. Two major
water reservoirs on the Tennessee and Coosa rivers are located within the
area. The availability of adequate water supplies is attractive to certain
industries. However, pollution of streams has been recognized as a problem
in the area and demands constant surveillance and correction.
Most of the easily accessible minerals of this area have been exploited.
Consequently, with exception of limestone and other road building materials,
mining is at a minimum and generally intermittent. Nevertheless, the poten-
tial of undeveloped deposits throughout the area may warrant further inven-
tory and evaluation.
Area population decreased during the past two decades, while that in
Alabama and the U.S. increased. Outmigration of people between the ages of
15 and 35 has occurred because of unsatisfactory job opportunities within
the area, Migration of younger age groups coupled with more stability of
older age groups has tended to raise the median age of residents within the
area. More drastic changes were evident in loss of rural farm population
and subsequent gains in urban and rural non-farm population.
63
Employment within the area has been characterized by sharp decreases
in extractive pursuits such as farming and mining, with large increases in
productive employment in manufacturing, trades, and services. Females have
been drawn into the labor force in increasing numbers, while male employ-
ment decreased slightly. Industrial centers within commuting distance have
provided employment for a substantial number of workers in the area.
Median family income for the four-county area in 1960 was slightly
more than one-half that of the U.S. and only about three-fourths that of
Alabama. A relatively high percentage of families in the area received
less than $3,000 annually. Also, per capita income was still considerably
below the State average.
Although still below that of the State and Nation, the median educa-
tional, level of the population in the four-county area has been rising
and stands at 8.3 years. In 1960 the percentage of high school graduates
reached about one-half that of the Nation and about two-thirds the rate
for the State. The proportion of individuals failing to reach the ninth
grade was 1.4 times as great in the study area as compared with that of
the Nation and well above that of the State. Thus, the drop out rate 
in
the study area was high relative to both State'and Nation. The area 
has
experienced a much higher proportion of outmigration of those attaining
higher levels of education. Increased efforts by local governments to
improve education will perhaps pay greater social and economic returns
than any other program. This should include providing occupational
training geared to the types of industry both within and near the study
area.
Retail and Wholesale trade in the area has shown large gains in recent
years. Manufacturing establishments also increased substantially during
1954-63, resulting in an 80 per cent increase in this type employment.
64
Tremendous potential exists in the four-county area for supplying
recreational attractions for local and national audiences. Present
attractions, without the aid of adequate promotion, are drawing patron-
age from distant areas. However, expansion of the recreation industry
in the area will be very slow unless there are concentrated efforts to
produce and maintain quality attractions followed by adequate promotional
efforts. This should include promotion of the various attractions in the
area as a major package of attractions instead of singular points of
interest.
Individually owned attractions have been hampered to some extent
by lack of adequate size loans for expansion and advertising purposes.
Thus, optimum use and subsequent returhs to owners and to the area are
curtailed, Consideration should be given to credit needs for recreational
purposes by lending agencies. Some effort has been made in this regard.
Agriculture in the area is generally on a smaller scale than that of
the State and Nation. Farm size is less than one-third that of the U.S.
and less than two-thirds that of the State. However, average 
farm real
estate value per acre in the four-county area is higher than that of 
the
U.S. and considerably higher than the average; for the State.
The poultry industry has expanded rapidly in the area replacing field
crops in terms of importance in value of farm products sold, accounting
for about 47 per cent of the total. In view of poultry's increasing 
con-
tribution to the area's economy, producers should remain abreast of the
latest technology and management techniques to continue to grow in this
competitive industry. Natural and economic advantages enjoyed by the area
should be utilized to their fullest by both growers and contractors.
Appendi x Tables

67
Appendix Table 1. Soil Types, Cherokee County, Alabama
Type of soil Acres Per cent
Dewey loam 17,920 4.7
Dewey gravelly loam 11,584 3.0
Decatur clay loam 896 .2
Ridge phase 1,152 .3
Norfolk fine sandy loam 11,072 2.9
Waynesboro fine sandy loam 8,320 2.2
Shallow phase 2,112 .5
Waynesboro silt loam 704 .2
Holston fine sandy loam 38,656 10.1
Allen stony loam 3,840 1.0
Allen fine sandy loam 320 .1
Jefferson gravelly fine sandy loam 960 .3
Huntington silt loam 18,368 4.8
Huntington fine sandy loam 
13,312 3.5
Clarksville gravelly loam 29,440 7.7
Clarksville stony loam 15,424 4.0
Fullerton gravelly loam 17,344 4.5
Hanceville fine sandy loam 3,648 1.0
Hanceville gravelly loam 15,296 4.0
Hanceville clay loam 5,824 1.5
Hanceville stony loam 12,800 3.3
Hartsells fine sandy loam 29,312 7.7
Hartsells stony loam 11,456 3.0
Conasauga gravelly loam 12,800 3.3
Montevallo gravelly loam 27,328 7.1
Colbert silt loam 46,976 12.3
Pope silt loam 4,480 1.2
Atkins silt loam 4,288 1.1
Rough stony land 16,960 4.4
Mine wash 128 .1
Total 382,720 100.0
SOURCE: Soil Survey of Cherokee County, Alabama, U. S. Dept. Agr. in
cooperation with the Alabama Dept. Agr. and Ind., Washington,
D.C., 1928.
68
Appendix Table 2. Soil Types, DeKalb County, Alabama
Type of soil Acres Per cent
Abernathy silt loam 
1,000 .2
Allen clay loam (all phases) 2,000 .4
Allen loam (all phases) 5,000 
1.0
Allen stony clay loam (severely eroded,
hilly phase) 1,000 .2
Allen stony loam (all phases) 2,000 .4
Apison loam (all phases) 18,000 3.6
Atkins silt loam 6,000 1.2
Capshaw silt loam 1,000 .2
Clarksville cherty silt' 1 oam 32,000 6.4
Clarksville cherty silty clay loam
severely eroded (steep phase) 7,000 1.4
Colbert silty clay 5,000 1.0
Cotaco-Barbourville loams 3,000 .6
Crossville loam 11,000 2.2
Crossville rocky loam 10,000 2.0
Dewey silty clay loam 2,000 .4
Dowellton silty clay loam 1,000 .2
Dunning silty clay 1,000 .2
Ennis cherty silt loam 2,000 .4
Etowah silt loam, eroded undulating phase 2,000 .4
Fullerton cherty silt loam (all phases) 26,000 5.2
Greendale cherty silt loam 1,000 .2
Gullied land 2,000 .4
Hamblen loam, local alluvium phase 1,000 .2
Hartsells fine sandy loam (all phases) 181,220 36.4
Hermitage silty clay loam 3,000 .6
Huntington fine sandy loam 1,000 .2
Huntington silt loam 1,500 .3
Jefferson loam 2,000 .4
Johnsburg loam 1,500 .3
Leadvale silt loam .1,000 .2
Lickdale- 'loam 1,000 .2
Lindside silt loam 2,000 .4
Linker fine sandy loam (all phases) 4,000 .8
Litz shaly silty clay loam 2,000 .4
Litz silt loam 3,000 .6
Melvin silt loam 1,000 .2
Minvale cherty silt loam 3,000 .6
Minvale silt loam 2,000 .4
Muse silt loam (all phases) 3,500 
.7
Muskingum fine sandy loam 8,000 
1.6
Muskingum stony fine sandy loam (all phases) 25,000 
5.0
Ooltewah silt loam 500 .1
Continued
69
Appendix Table 2. (Cont'd.)
Type of soil 
Acres Per cent
Pace cherty silt loam (all phases) 
2,500 .5
Philo loam 
1,000 .2
Pope loam 
500 .1
Pottsville loam, hilly phase 
2,500 .5
Pottsville shaly loam, (eroded, hilly phase) 
1,000 .2
Robertsville silt loam 
1,000 .2
Rockland (limestone & sandstone) 
22,500 4.5
Sequatchie fine sandy loam 1,000 
.2
Sequoia silty clay 
1,000 .2
Staser loam, local alluvium 1,000 
.2
Stony colluvial land, steep 60,200 
12.1
Stony rolling land, Talbott and Colbert
soil materials 1,000 .2
Stony smooth land, Talbott and Colbert
soil materials 1,000 .2
Talbott silty clay 
2,500 .5
Talbott silty clay loam (all phases) 
3,500 .7
Tellico clay loam (all phases) 
5,000 1.0
Tellico loam, steep phase 2,000 
.4
Tupelo silt loam 
500 .1
Total 
497,920 99.81/
/ Does not equal 100 because of rounding.
SOURCE: Soil Survey of DeKalb County, Alabama, 
U. S. Dept. Agr., Soil
Con. Ser., in cooperation with the Alabama Dept. of Agri. and
Ind., Alabama Agr. Expt. Sta. and T.V.A., 1958.
70
Appendix Table 3. Soil Types, Jackson County, Alabama
Type of soil Acres Per cent
Abernathy fine sandy, loam
Abernathy silt loam (all phases)
Alen fine sandy loam (eroded, hilly, rolling
phase)
Allen loam (severely eroded, hilly, rolling
phase)
Armuchee'silty clay loam (eroded, steep phase)
Armuchee-Tellico silty clay loams (eroded and
severely eroded, hilly phase)
Barbourville-Cotaco fine sandy loams
Bruno fine sandy loam
Bruno loamy fine sand
Capshaw silt loam (all phases)
Clarksville cherty silt loam (all phases)
Colbert silty clay (all phases)
Colbert silty clay loam
Colbert-Talbott stony silty clay loams
(severely eroded, rolling phase)
Crossville loam
Cumberland loam (undulating phase)
Cumberland silt loam (rolling and undulating
phases)
Cumberland silty clay loam (eroded and
severely eroded phases)
Dewey cherty silt loam (eroded, rolling and
undulating phase)
Dewey cherty silty clay loam (severely eroded,
rolling phase)
Dewey silt loam (hilly, rolling undulating
phase)
Dewey silty clay loam (eroded and severely
eroded, hilly, rolling, undulating phase)
Dunning silty clay
Egam silt loam
Egam silty clay loam
Enders silt loam (all phases)
Etowah loam (level and undulating phase)
Etowah silt loam (level, rolling and
undulating phase)
Etowah silty clay loam (eroded, rolling,
undulating and severely eroded, rolling
phase)
Fullerton cherty silt loam (eroded phase)
Fullerton cherty silty clay loam (severely
eroded phase)
853
3,477
4,987
2,121
303
602
2,711
4,567
331
7,612
2,333
4,780
3,231
455
4,628
201
.1
.5
.7
.3
Less than 0.1
.1
.4
.7
.1
1.1
.3
.7
.5
.1
.7
Less than 0.1
892 .1
.9
6,228
173 Less than 0.1
188 Less than 0.1
711 .1
2,980
1,384
4,347
2,817
7,189
5,630
7,372
2,651
20,324
4,282
.4
.2
.6
.4
1.0
.8
1.1
.4
2.9
.6
Continued
71
Appendix Table 3. (Cont'd.)
Type of soi l Acres Per cent
Fullerton silt loam (eroded, rolling and
undulating phase)
Greendale cherty silt loam (all phases)
Guthrie silt loam
Hanceville fine sandy loam (all phases)
Hartsells fine sandy loam (all phases)
Hermitage cherty silty clay loam (eroded
and severely eroded, hilly phase)
Hermitage silty clay loam (eroded, rolling
and undulating phase)
Hilly stony land (Muskingum soil materials)
Hollywood silty clay (all phases)
Holston loam (all phases)
Huntington silt loam
Jefferson-Allen loams (all phases)
Jefferson fine sandy loam (eroded, rolling
and undulating phase)
Limestone rockland .(all phases)
Lindside silt loam
Lindside silty clay
Lindside silty clay loam
Melvin silt loam
Melvin silty clay
Melvin silty clay loam
Monogahela loam (all phases)
Muskingum fine sandy loam (hilly and eroded,
hilly phase)
Muskingum stony fine sandy loam (hilly and
steep phase)
Ooltewah silt loam
Philo-Atkins silt loams
Pope fine sandy loam
Pottsville loam (all phases)
Prader very fine sandy loam
Robertsville silt loam
Rolling stony land (all phases)
Rough gullied land (all phases)
Rough stony land
Sequatchie fine sandy loam (all phases)
Stony alluvium (Muskingum and Colbert soil
materials)
Sturkie fine sandy loam
Swaim silty clay loam (all phases)
Taft silt loam
Talbott silt loam (undulating phase)
486
4,575
544
1,925
139,846
469
466
3,059
3,404
5,033
6,182
3,197
6,194
153,152
7,622
588
3,862
9,938
977
13,796
1,618
23,256
34,647
2,136
8,208
190
947
2,254
4,726
16,254
1,440
88,911
6,070
.1
.7
.1
.3
20.2
.1
.1
.4
.5
.7
.9
.5
.9
22.1
1.1
.1
.6
1.4
.1
2.0
.2
3.4
5.0
.3
1.2
Less than 0.1
.1
.3
.7
2.3
.2
12.8
.9
1,062
1,838
2,607
1,346
859
.2
.3
.4
.2
.1
Continued
72
Appendix Table 3. (Cont'd.)
Type of soil 
Acres Per cent
Talbott silty clay loam 
(eroded, rolling,
and undulating phase) 
3,975 .6
Tellico clay loam (all phases) 
443 .1
Tupelo silt loam (all phases) 
7,801 1.1
Tyler very fine sandy loam 
3,133 .5
Waynesboro fine sandy loam (all phases) 2,241 
.3
Waynesboro loam (severely eroded, rolling
phase) 
725 .1
Wolftever silt loam (all phases) 
1,397 .2
Total 
693,760 100.2
- /
1/ Does not equal 100 because 
of rounding.
SOURCE: Soil Survey of Jackson 
County, Alabama, U. S. Dept. 
Agr., Soil
Con. Ser. in cooperation 
with the Alabama Dept. of Agr. 
and
Ind., Alabama Agr. Expt. Sta. and 
T.V.A., Washington, D.C.,
1958.
73
Appendix Table 4. Soil Types, Marshall County, Alabama
Type of soil Acres Per cent
Albertville very fine sandy loam (all 
phases) 19,984 5.5
Albertville silty clay (all phases) 2,775 
.8
Alcoa silt loam (all phases) 
777 .2
Alcoa silty clay loam (severely eroded,
sloping phase) 666 .2
Allen and Jefferson stony fine sandy loams
all phases) 1,332 .4
Allen-Waynesboro fine sandy loams (eroded,
sloping phase) 8,354 2.3
Allen-Waynesboro fine sandy clay loams
(severely eroded, sloping phase) 5,884 1.6
Atkins soils 333 .1
Captina silt loam (eroded, gently sloping
phase) 5,718 1.5
Captina silty clay loam (severely eroded,
gently sloping phase) 222 .1
Captina-Colbert soils (gently sloping phases) 
333 .1
Colbert silty clay loam (eroded, gently
sloping and overwash phase) 833 .2
Colbert silty clay (severely eroded,
sloping phase) 2,803 .8
Crossville loam (all phases) 1,554 .4
Crossville fine sandy loam (eroded, sloping,
moderately deep phase) 7,910 2.2
Crossviile fine sandy clay loam (severely
eroded, sloping, moderately deep phase) 555 
.2
Cumberland and Hermitage silt loams,(eroded,
sloping phase) 999 .3
Cumberland and Hermitage silty clay loams
(severely eroded, sloping phase) 4,968 1.4
Egam silty clay loam (sandy substratum phase) 2,553 .7
Egam-Newark silty clay 1oams 4,663 1.3
Etowah loam (eroded, gently sloping phase) 305 .1
Fullerton cherty silt loam (eroded, moderately
steep phase) 3,552 1.0
Fullerton cherty silty clay loam (severely
eroded, strongly sloping phase) 333 .1
Fullerton-Clarksville cherty silt loams
(steep phase) 13,100 3.6
Gullied land 494 .1
Hartsells fine sandy loam (eroded, sloping
phase) 120, 156 32.9
Hartsells fine sandy clay loam (severely
eroded, sloping phase) 777 .2
Continued
74
Appendix Table 4. (Cont'd.)
Type of soil Acres Per cent
Hollywood clay
Huntington fine sandy loam
Huntington silt loam (local alluvium phase)
Huntington loam (local alluvium phase)
Jefferson fine sandy loam
Lindside silt loam (local alluvium phase)
Linker fine sandy loam (eroded sloping phase)
Linker fine sandy clay loam (severely eroded,
sloping phase)
Lobelville cherty silt loam (local alluvium
phase)
Melvin silt loam and silty clay loam
Melvin fine sandy loam
Minvale cherty silt loam (eroded, sloping
phase)
Minvale cherty silty clay loam (severely
eroded, sloping phase)
Monogahela fine sandy loam (all phases)
Montevallo shaly silt loam (severely eroded,
deep phase)
Muskingum fine sandy loam (eroded sloping
phase)
Muskingum stony fine sandy loam (strongly
sloping phase)
Newark fine sandy loam
Philo and Stendal soils (local alluvium
phases)
Newark loam (local alluvium phase)
Pope fine sandy loam
Purdy fine sandy loam
Robertsville silty clay loam
Rockland (all phases)
Sandy alluvial land (excessively drained)
Stony colluvial land, Allen soil material
Stony smooth land, limestone
Taft silt loam (all phases)
Tellico and Upshur soils (all phases)
Tilsit very fine sandy loam (all phases)
Tupelo silt loam (eroded gently sloping
phase)
Tupelo silty clay loam (severely eroded
gently sloping phase)
56
2,109
528
555
1,765
777
7,522
15,875
555
888
222
12,945
9,992
1,166
466
2,415
555
2,220
2,470
555
111
111
555
34,000
56
33,306
333
2,581
5,329
11,657
1, 499
Less than 0.1
.6
Less than 0.1
.2
.5
.2
2.1
4.3
.2
.2
.1
3.5
2.7
.3
.1
.7
.2
.6
.7
.2
Less than 0.1
Less than 0.1
.2
9.3
Less than 0.1
9.1
.1
.7
1.4
3.2
.4
111 Less than 0.1
Continued
Appendix Table 4. (Cont'd.)
Type of soil 
Acres Per cent
Tyler fine sandy loam 
111 Less than 0.1
Wolftever silt loam (eroded, 
gently sloping
phase) 
111 Less than 0.1
Total 
365,440 100. 
l
1/ Does not equal 100 because of rounding.
SOURCE: Soil Survey, Marshall County,. 
Alabama, U. S. Dept. Agr. Soil
Con. Ser., in cooperation with the Alabama 
Agr. Expt. Sta.,
Dept. Agr. and Ind. and 
T.V.A., Washington, D.C., 
1959.
76
Appendix Table 5. Characteristics of Population in Northeastern
Four -County.. Area ,and Alabama, 1960
Item Cherokee Dekab Jacksonrea Alabama
Land area (sq.
mi.) 600 778 1,124 571 3,073 51,060
Total population 16,303 41,417 36,681 48,018 142,419 3,266,740
Population per
sq. mi. 27 53 33 84 46 64
Per cent 1950-
1960 increase
or decrease -7.5 -8.1 -5.9 +6.5 -3.0 +6.7
Per cent urban --- 17..0 25.5 46.8 27.4 54.8
Per cent rural
farm 45.8 41 .0 32.6 28.0 37.0 12.3
Per cent non-
white 10.4 2.0 6.1 2.3 4.1 30.1
Per cent under
5 years age 11.3 10.1 100.9 11 .2 10.8 12.0
Per cent 21 years
and over 57.2 58.7 55.8 57.5 57.4 56.2
Per cent 65 years
and over 8.9 9.4 8.5 7.9 8.6: 8.0
Median age 26.6 29.1 25.8 27.2 27.2 26.0
SOURCE: U. S. Bur. of Census. County and City Data Book, 1962 (A Sta-
tistical Abstract Supplement). U. S. Printing Off., Washing-
ton 25, D.C., 1962.
77
Appendix Table 6. Total Population, Rural Non-Farm, Rural Farm,
and Urban for. Cherokee, Dekai1b,.
Counties, Alabama, 19140,
Jackson. and Marshall
1950 and 1960
Total Rural Rural
Count Year Total Urban 19
ConyYa population bn non-farm farm
No. No. No. No.
Cherokee
Dekaib
Jackson
Marshall.
Area total
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
16,303
17,634
19,928
41,417
45,048
43,075
36,681
38,998
41,8o2
48,018
45,090
42,395
142,419
146,770
147,200
7,029
6,226
4, 424
9,355
4,731
2,834
22,9459
13,728
8,049
38,843
24,685
15,307
8,839
4,747
2,890
17,408
9,093
4,574
15,370
1.1.9250-
10,9660
12,112
6,831
4,460
53,729
31,921
22,584
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population19
U. S. Dept. Coi., Washington, D.C.
1950, and 1960. Bur. of Census,
7, 464
12, 887
17,038
16, 980
29,729
34,077
11,956
23,017
28,308
13,447
24,531
29,886
49,847
90,164
1 09,309
78
Appendix Table 7. Rural Farm, Rural Non-Farm, and Urban Population
as a Percentage of Total Population Four-County
Area, Alabama, 1940, 1950, and 1960
Type
Type 1940 
1950 1960
population
No. Pct. No. Pct. No. Pct.
Total rural 131,893 -- 122,085 -- 103,576 --
Rural farm 109,309 74.3 90,164 61.4 49,847 35.0
Rural non-farm 22,584 15.4 31,921 21.8 53,729 37.7
Urban 15,307 10.4 24,685 16.8 38,843 27.3
Area total 147,200 100.0 146,770 100.0 142,419 100.0
Appendix Table 8. Total Rural Population by County and Percentage
Change, Four-County Area, Alabama, 1940 and 1960
County 
1940 1960 Change 
Percentage
1940-1960 change
No. No. No. Pct.
Cherokee 19,928 16,303 - 3,625 -18.2
DeKalb 38,651 34,388 - 4,263 -11.0
Jackson 38,968 27,326 -11,642 -29.9
Marshall 34,346 25,559 - 8,787 -25.6
Area total 131,893 103,576 -28,317 -21.5
Bur. of Cen-
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population 1940, 1950, and 1960.
sus, U. S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
79
Appendix Table 9. Population of Urban Places 1950 and 1960,
Percentage Increase, and Land Area 1960,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama
Place 
County Population 
Population 
Increase Land
1960 1950 1950-1960 area
No. No. Pct. Sq. mi.
Albertville Marshall 8,250 5,397 52.9 11.1
Fort Payne DeKalb 
7,029 6,226 12.9 
3.5
Guntersville Marshall 6,592 5,253 25.5 17.6
Scottsboro Jackson 6,449 4,731 36.3 6.2
Total 28,320 21,607 31.1 38.4
SOURCE: Bur. of Census. County and City Data Book, 1962 (A Statistical
Abstract Supplement) U. S. Government Printing Office, Washing-
ton 25, D.C., 1962.
Appendix Table 10. Population by Specified Age Levels and Sex,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1940, 1950, and 1960
1940 1950 1960
Age levels Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Per-
centage
increase
or
decrease
of totals
1940-1960
No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. Pct.
Under 5 years of age 16,917 8,511 8,406 17,993 9,163 8,830 15,360 7,758 7,602 - 9.2
5 to 14 years 35,006 17,735 17,271 31,804 16,182 15,622 30,973 15,765 15,208 -11.2
15 to 34 years 52,251 26,109 26,142 45,280 22,320 22,960 38,059 18,738 19,321 -27.2
35 to 64 years 36,608 18,555 18,053 42,271 21,157 21,114 45,760 22,333 23,427 +25.0
65 years and above 6,418 3,335 3,083 9,422 4,752 4,670 12,267 5,895 6,372 +91.1
Four-County Total 147,200 74,245 72,955 146,770 73,574 73,196 142,419 70,489 71,930 - 3.2
. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
SOUCE: U.S Cesu
q Q.41 %.L J- V V
r
of opuaton 94 , 95
81
Appendix Table 11. Total Population by Age 1940, 1950, and 1960
and Percentage Change 1950 to 1960 for Cherokee, DeKal1b,
Jackson, and Marshall Counties, Alabama
Age range
Under 5 years
5 to 9 years
10 to 14 years
15 to 19 years
20 to 24 years
25 to 29 years
30 tp 34 years
35 to 39 years
40 to 44 years
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 years and over
Total
.. . ...... .
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population - 1940, 1950 and 1960.
Census, U. S. Dept. of Con., Washington,
Bur. of
D.G.
1940
No.
16,917
17,454
17,552
16,209
13,651
11 ,999
10,392
8,760
6,991
6,568
5,645
4,854
3,790
2,988
1,735
1,9695
147,200
1950
No.
17,993
16,276
15,528
14,128
11,030
10,068
10,054
10,082
9,110
7,388
5,996
5,332
4,9363
4,003
2,714
2,705
146,770
1960
No.
15,360
15,180
15,793
12,609
8, 467
8,320
8,663
8,713
8,838
8,777
7,894
6,474.
5,064
4,583
3,520
4,164
142,419
Change
1950-1960
Pct.
-14.6
- 6.7
+ 1.7
-10.8
-23.2
-17.4
-13.8
-13,6
- 3.0
+18.8
+31,7
+21 .4
+16.1
+14.5
+29.7
+53o9
- 3.0
-
82
Appendix Table 12. Percentage Distribution of Population by Age
for Cherokee, DeKaib, Jackson and Marshall Counties,
Alabama 1940, 1950, and 1960
Age group 1940 1950 1960
Pct. Pct. Pct.
Under 5 years 11.49 12.26 10.78
5 to 9 years 11.86 11.09 10.66
10 to 14 years 11.92 10.58 11.09
15 to 19 years 11.01 9.62 8.85
20 to 24 years 9.27 7.52 5.95
25 to 29 years 8.15 6.86 5.84
30 to 34 years 7.06 6.85 6.08
35 to 39 years 
5.95 6.87 6.12
40 to 44 years 4.75 6.21 6.21
45 to 49 years 4.46 5.03 6.16
50 to 54 years 3.84 4.09 5.54
55 to 59 years 3.30 3.63 4.55
60 to 64 years 2.58 2.97 3.56
65 to 69 years 2.03 2.73 3.22
70 to 74 years 1.18 1.85 2.47
75 years and over 1.15 1.84 2.92
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
SOURCE: U, S. Census of Population 1940, 1950, and 1960. Bur. of Cen-
sus, U. S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
83
Appendix Table 13. Total Population by Age and Percentage of Total
for Four-County Area, Alabama, 1940, 1950, and 1960
Age range 1940 1950 1960
No. "-Pct. No. Pct. No. Pct.
Under 5 years 16,917 11.5 17,993 12.3 15,360 10.8
5 to 14 years 35,006 23.8 31,804 21.7 30,973 21.8
15 to 34 years 52,251 35.5 45,280 30.8 38,059 26.7
35 to 64 years 36,608 24.8 
42,271 28.8 45,760 32.1
65 years and over 6,418 4.4 9,422 6.4 12,267 8.6
Total 147,200 100.0 146,770 100.0 142,419 100.0
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population 1940, 1950, and 1960. Bur. of Cen-
sus, Dept. of Com., Washington, D.C.
Appendix Table 14. Estimated Total Personal Income in Selected
Years, Four-County Area, Alabama, 1950, 1953, 1956-1961
County . 1950 1953 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961
--------------------Thousands of dollars---------------------
Cherokee 9,349 11,801 12,774 13,415 14,997 16,895 18,347 17,389
DeKalb 26,862 31,535 33,592 34,860 38,258 39,547 38,800 
39,885
Jackson 20,250 25,357 27,320 28,448 31,348 32,866 32,925 33,760
Marshall 31,582 38,082 42,103 44,516 48,760 45,845 48,010 49,581
Total 88,043 106,775 115,789 121,239 133,363 135,153 138,082 140,615
SOURCE: Bureau of Business Research, Economic Abstract of Alabama,
School of Com. and Bus. Adm., Univ. Alabama, 1963.
84
Appendix Table 15. Median Family Income, Percentage Increase
1949-1959, and Percentage of Families Receiving 
Certain
Levels of Income, Four-County Area, Alabama, 1949-1959
Median Median Percentage Under $10,000
Perace
County 
family family 
increase $3,000 
and
income income 1949-1959 in over
1949 1959 1959 1959
Dol. Dol. Pct. Pct. Pct.
Cherokee 1,162 3,062 163 49.1 3.2
DeKalb 1,048 2,565 145 57.0 2.3
Jackson 1,076 2,773 158 53.4 3.8
Marshall 1,271 3,389 167 44.8 5.9
State 1,810 3,937 118 39.1 8.0
SOURCE: U. S. Bur. of Census. County and City Data Book, 1962 (A Sta-
tistical Abstract Supplement), U. S. Govt. Printing Off.,
Washington 25, D.C., 1962.
Appendix Table 16. Income Level of Families, 
Northeastern Four-County Area
as Compared to the State, Alabama, 1960
Range
Under $1000
$1001
$2001
$4001
$7001
Total
to $2000
to $4000
to $7000
and above
families
Cherokee
No. fain.
584
815
1,237
1,030
477
4,143
DeKalb
No. fam.
2,097
2,432
3,173
2,514
841
11,057
Jackson
No. fam.
1,696
1,785
2,455
2,178
975
9,089
Marshall
No. faim.
1,581
2,057
3,605
3,260
1,945
12,448
Total
four-
county
area
No. faim.
5,958
7,089
10,470
8-, 982
4,238
36,737
Percentage
of
total
Pct.
16.2
19.3
28.5
24.5
11.5
100.0
State
total
No. fam.
100,378
109,553
191,268
226,878
162,633
790,710
Percentage
of
total
Pct.
12.7
13.8
24.2
28.7
20.6
100.0
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 
1960, Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. 
Com., Washington, D.C.
_ __ _
d_..d.
86
Appendix Table 17. Monthly Social Security Payments, Number 
Receiving
Payments, and Average Per Person, Northeastern
Four-County Area, 
Alabama, 1964
People receiving
payments
Number Per cent
No. Pct.
1,341 8.3
4,825 29.8
4,036 25.0
5,959 36.9
16,161 100.0
Amount
received
Total Per cent
Dol. Pct.
$ 62,146 8.0
226,818 29.4
190,847 24.7
292,407 37.9
$772,218 100.0
Average
per person
Dol.
$46.34
47.00
47,29
49.07
$47.78
of Health, Education and Welfare.
County
Cherokee
DeKalb
Jackson
Marshall
Total
...
__
I _ ~LL I I
SOURCE: Department
87
Appendix Table 18. Total Welfare Payments Received 
by Persons
in the Northeastern Four-County Area, 
Alabama 1953-64
Number Average
Year PulifOhepTta
assistance: payments payments o e
persons person
Dol.
1,531,399.68
1,4+27,295.99
1,771,325.99
2,629,111.00
3,4+84,881 .50
3,288',280..00
3,621,766.40
4,057,676,70
4, 407, 497.46
5,256,523.14
6,067,280.78
6,242,801 .31
8,
12,
11,
10,
10,
8,
8,
9,
-Do. Dol.
1,531,399.68
1,427,295.99
- 1,771,325.99
2,629,11.1.00
400.00 3,493,281.50
266.00 3,300,546.00o
454.76 3,633,221.16
681.77 4,068,358.47
829.52 4,418, 326.*98
868.29 5,265,391.43
446.85 6,075,727.63
245.66 6,252,046.97
No. Dol.
4,316
4,019
5,699
6,976
7,282
7,365
7,204
7,234
7,459
7,808
8,237
8,268
354.82
355.14
310.81
376.88
479.70
448.14
504.33
562.39
592.35
674.36
737.61
756.17
SOURCE: Alabama Dept. of Pensions and Security.
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
IU LL n 1 -/nn r -/ ~1111
Appendix Table 19. Median School Years Completed by Persons 25 Years
Old and Over, Northeastern Four-County Area,
Alabama, 1940, 1950, and 1960
1940 1950 1960
County Total 
Male Female 
Total Male 
Female
Cherokee 7.1 6.9 7.3 7.2 7.0 7.4 8.3 8.0 8.5
DeKalb 7.2 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.6 8.3 8.1 8.4
Jackson 6.5 6.3 6.8 6.9 6.6 7.1 7.9 7.8 8.1
Marshall 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.6 7.5 7.8 8.7 8.6 8.8
Alabama 7.1 6.9 7.3 7.9 7.7 8.2 9.1 8.9 9.3
Bur. of Cen-
88
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population, 1940, 1950, and 1960.
sus, U. S. Dept. of Com., Washington, D.C.
89
Appendix Table 20. Specified Levels of Education of Population Over
25 Years of Age, Four-County Area, Alabama, 1960
Level of Area
education Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall totalDistribution
education total
No. No. No. Pct.
Total over 25
years 8,431 22,521 18,678 25,276 74,906 100.0
No school years
completed 246 504 656 571 1,977 2.6
Less than 9 years
completed 4,760 
13,033 11,091 12,892 
41,776 55.8
Attended high
school:
1 to 3 years 1,689 5,043 3,681 5,795 16,208 21.6
4 years 1,216 2,750 2,171 3,569 9,706 13.0
Attended college:
1 to 3 years 244 584 620 1,298 2,746 3.7
4 years or more 276 607 459 1,151 2,493 3.3
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population 1960.
of Com., Washington, D.C,
Bur. of Census, U. S. Dept.
Appendix Table
Over
21. Specified Levels of Education 
of Population
25 Years of Age, Four-County 
Area and
Al abama, 1940, 1950., .and 
1960
Level of Four-countyour-C
Year 
Per cent State 
Per cent
education 
area
Total over 25 years
No school years
completed
Less than 9 years
school ing
Attended high school
1 to 3 years
4 years
Attended college
1 to 3 years
4 years or more
Not reported
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
74,906
72,115
65,417
1,977
2,120
2,929
41,776
48,035
46,833
16,208
11,610
8, 605
9,706
5, 6o5
3 ,342
2,746
2,195
1,908
2,493
1,225
1 ,007
1 ,325
793
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.6
2.9
4.5
66.6
71.6
21 .6
16.1
13.2
13.0
7.8
5.1
3.7
3.1
2.9
3.3
1.7
1 .5
1 .8
1 .2
1,669,871
1,559,445
1,354,736
58,630
69,050
90,853
792,011
862,365
855,136
339,723
260,615
176,860
310,175
193,995
117,615
101,201
77,600
56,097
95,131
56,840
38,960
38,980
19,215
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.2
4.4
6.7
47.2
55.3
63.0
20. 1
16.7
13-.1
18.3
12.4
8.7
5.8
5.1
4.2
3.6
2.9
2.5
1 .4
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population 1940, 1950, and
sus, U. S. Dept. Cor., Washington, 
0. C.
1960. Bur. of Cen-
90
91
Appendix Table 22. Percentage of Persons 25 Years and Older With
Specified Levels of Schooling Four-County Area, Alabama
and U. S. 1940, 1950, and 1960
Level of education 
Year Four-county 
Alabama United
area 
States
No school years completed
Less than 9 years schooling
Attended high school:
1 to 3 years
4 years
Attended college:
1 to 3 years
4 years or more
Not reported
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
2.6
2.9
4.5
55.8
66.6
71.6
21.6
16.1
13.2
13.0
7.8
5.1
3.7
3.1
2.9
3.3
1.7
1.5
-
1.8
1.2
3.2
4.4
6.7
47.2
55.3
63.0
20.1
16.7
13.1
18.3
12.4
8.7
5.8
5.1
4.2
5.4
3.6
2.9
2.3
2.5
3.7
39.5
46.9
59.5
19.2
17.0
15.0
24.6
20.2
14.1
8.8
7.2
5.4
7.7
6.0
4.1
-
2.5
1.4
of Cen-SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population 1940, 1950, and 1960. Bur.
sus, U. S. Dept. of Com., Washington, D. C.
92
Appendix Table 23. School Enrollment, by County,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1963-64
Tota
County White Colored Colored otal
students
No. No. Pct. No.
Cherokee 3,572 520 12.7 4,092
DeKal b 10,327 248 2.3 10,575
Jackson 9,518 650 6.4 10,186
Marshall 12,521 326 2.5 12,847
Four-county total 35,938 1,744 4.6 37,682
State 549,593 293,426 34.8 843,019
SOURCE: Annual Report
Alabama.
1963-64, Alabama Dept. of Education, Montgomery,
Appendix Table 24. College Training of Teachers and Principals,
by County, Northeast Four-County Area, Alabama 1963-1964
Three Two Less
County Total College 
College years years 
than
County teachers graduates graduates training training two years
or more or more training
No. No. Pct. No. No. No.
Cherokee 158 143 90.5 150 157
DeKalb 390 342 87.7 369 386 4
Jackson 350 267 76.3 291 334 16
Marshall 454 384 84.6 406 441 13
Four-county
total 1,352 1,136 84.0 1,216 1,318 34
State 29,576 27,339 92.4 28,332 29,151 424
SOURCE: Annual Report
Alabama.
1963-64, Alabama Dept. of Education, Montgomery,
Appendix Table 25. Public School Expenditures by County and Municipal School
Systems, Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954-1964
Per cent of current expends.
County and Expenditures by source of funds
municipal Current Capital Debt Total Avg. no.
school system operations outlay service expend. State Fed. Local 
pupils
Dol.
Cherokee County
1954
1959
1964
DeKalb County
1954
1959
1964
Fort Payne City
1954
1959
1964
Jackson County
1954
1959
1964
Scottsboro City
1954
1959
1964
493,068
642,038
924,618
1,029,560
1,351,690
1,783,511
99,071
231,612
368,325
996,800
1,017,940
1,431,769
281,842
495,321
Dol.
50,780
217,803
90,655
49,869
28,525
124,822
6,577
1,630
1,564
23,066
63,222
92,176
253,036
71,357
Dol.
28,749
53,656
52,631
24,075
45,244
101,349
2,010
905
6,805
31,379
39,052
71,163
5,906
1,593
Dol.
572,597
913,497
1,067,904
1,103,504
1,425,459
2,009,682
Pct. Pct.
88.7
83.9
74.5
89.5
89.5
84.4
1.2
4.4
2.3
.9
1.7
.8
107,658
234,147
376,694
1,051,245
1,120,214
1,595,108
540,784
568,271
87.9
84.8
81.9
.3
5.0
4.0
Continued
Pct.
10.1
11.7
23.2
9.6
8.8
14.8
4,284
4,251
4,092
9,290
8,864
8,692
1,357
1,836
1,883
9,155
7,969
7.675
11.8
10.2
14.1
2,146
2,493
Appendix Table 25. Cont'd.
Per cent of current expends.
County and Expenditures by source of funds
municipal Current Capital Debt Total Avg. no.
school system operations outlay service expend. State Fed. Local pupils
Dol. Dol. Dol. Dol. Pct. Pct. Pct.
Marshall County
1954 1,057,919 133,020 14,765 1,205,704 87.4 .9 1147 10,178
1959 1,526,511 97,614 52,688 1,676,813 83.2 6.1 10.7 11,479
1964 2,418,820 201,456 31,214 2,651,490 83.5 6.2 10.3 12,847
Area Total
1954 3,676,418 263,312 100,978 4,040,708 88.3 .8 10.9 35,164
1959 5,051,633 661,830 197,451 5,910,914 85.6 4.3 10.1 36,545
1964 7,422,364 582,030 264,755 8,269,149 82.1 3.5 14.4 37,682
1
Included in county system.
SOURCE: Annual Reports, 1954, 1959, 1964, State Dept. of Education.
Appendix Table 26. Labor Categories as a 1,rcentage of Total puoation,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1940, 1950, and 1960
Year Total Male Female
Persons 14 years and over
Civilian labor force
Employed
Unemployed as a per cent. of
civilian labor force
Not in labor force
Inmates
Enrolled in school
65 years. and over
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
.1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
1960
1950
1940
Pct.
69.3
68. 1
67.0
33.7
32.7
31.3
32. 1
31.9
28.7
4.8
2.4
35.6
35.4
35.7
.2
.05
.08
6.8
NA
6.9
7.1
.6
NA
Pct.
33.9
33.9
33.8
24.7
26.8
26.9
23.7
26.3
24.6
3.1
1.6
3.3
9.1
7.1
6.9
.2
.04
.07
3.3
NA
3.5
2.9
.4
NA,
Pct.
35.4
34.2
33.2
9.0
5.9
4.4
8.4
5.6
4.1
1.7
.8
.8
26.4
28.3
28.8
.02
.01
.007
3.5
NA
3.4
4.2
.2
NA
NA - Not Available
SOURCE: U. S.Census of Population 1940, 1950, and 1960.
Census, U. S. Dept. of Coin., Wash ington, D. C.
U.S. Bur. of
Appendix Table 27. Distribution of Employed Persons by Type Industry and Percentage
of Each, Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1950 and 1960
1950 1960
Number Portion of Number Portion of Percentage
Type of industry employed labor force employed labor force increase
or decrease
1950-1960
No. Pct. No. Pct. Pct.
Extractive
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ..... 24,946 52.0 10,225 21.3 - 59.0
Mining .... 4.............................. 103 0.2 91 0.2 -
11.6
Total ..................................... 25,049 52.2 10,316 21.5 -58.8
Productive
Construction ... .................... 1,942 4.0 3,829 8.0 
+ 97.2
Manufacturing ............................ 6,755 14.1 13,053 
27.1 + 93.2
Total .................................... 8,697 18.1 16,882 35.1 + 94.1
Trades and services 12,134 25.3 17,613 
36.6 + 45.1
Other ...................................... 977 2.0 
957 2.0 - 0.2
Total .................................... 13,111 27.3 
18,570 38.6 + 41.6
Unemployed ................................ 1,163 2.4 
2,327 4.8 +100.1
Civilian labor force ....................... 48,019 100.0 
48,095 100.0 + 0.2
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Population 1950 and 1960. Bur. 
of Census, U.S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
Appendix Table 28. Employment Status of Labor Force, Northeastern Four-County
Area, Alabama, September 1965
Item Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall 
Area
total
No.
Civilian labor force
Total unemployment
Unemployment rate (Per cent)
Total employment
Nonagricultural employment
Wage & salary workers
Manufacturing
Lumber and wood
Food & kindred products
Textile mill products
Printing and publishing
Other manufacturing
Mining & quarrying
Construction
Trans., Comm., and public util.
Wholesale & retail trade
Finance, ins., and real estate
Service
Government
Other wage and salary
All other nonagriculturall
Agricultural employment
Self-employed and unpaid family workers
Wage and salary workers (hired labor)
3,740
210
5.6
3,530
2,760
2,210
650
100
550
80
150
320
60
200
730
20
550
770
690
80
No.
12,890
330
2.6
12,560
8,790
6,320
2,520
420
80
1,430
590
400
240
1,200
140
420
1,310
90
2,470
3,770
3,250
520
No.
11,890
460
3.9
11,430
8,350
6,770
2,810
550
50
1,350
860
400
200
940
150
360
1,800
110
1,580
3,080
2,540
540
No.
18,590
530
2.8
18,060
13,980
10,870
4,090
120
1,930
80
1,960
460
510
2,470
220
1,020
1,880
220
3,110
4,080
3,530
550
households.
No.
48,110
1,530
3.7
45,580
33,880
26,170
10,070
1,190
2,060
2,780
80
3,960
1,340
1,100
4,930
570
2,000
5,720
440
7,710
11,700
10,010
1,690
lIncludes self-employed, unpaid family workers, and 
domestic service workers in private
SOURCE: Alabama Department of Industrial Relations.
~11- - -- ___ - ~- __ _C _ - L-_--f _- - ~ CT\ E~ll\
Appendix Table 29. Place of Work Data for Cherokee,
and Marshall Counties, Alabama, 1960
DeKalb, Jackson
Place of work Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall Area total
Total workers residing
in county
Work in county of
residence
Work outside county
of residence
Place of work not
reported
Workers working in
county total
Working in county
of residence
Commuting into county
Commuting from
other Alabama
counties
Commuting from out
of state
4,827 13,107 10,673 15,495 44,102
3,416 10,312
1,236
175
2,281
514
3,938 10,559
3,416 10,312
522
497
247
247
25
8,393 12,061 34,182
1,853
427
2,902
532
8,272
1 ,648
9,152 13,527 37,176
8,393 12,061 34,182
759
332
427
1,466
1,466
2,994
2,542
452
98
SOURCE: Special Tabulation from Bureau of Census, U.S. Dept. of Com.,
Courtesy: Bur. of Business Research, Univ. Alabama,
Appendix Table 30. Labor Classification of Population Above 14 Years of Age,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1960
Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall Total
Labor category Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Persons 14 years
and over 5,623 5,638 14,241 15,035 12,269 12,821 16,172 17,012 48,305 50,506
Civilian labor
force 4,199 1,221 10,386 3,769 8,503 3,202 12,175 4,648 35,263 12,840
Employed 4,062 1,033 10,026 3,591 8,019 2,995 
11,638 4,404 33,745 12,023
Unemployed 137 184 360 174 484 207 537 
244 1,518 809
Not in labor force 1,424 4,417 3,847 11,266 3,748 9,619 3,981 12,364 
13,000 37,666
Inmates 7 - 70 16 113 
8 137 5 327 29
Enrolled in school 517 571 1,273 1,439 1,408 1,372 1,486 
1,605 4,684 4,987
Other, under 65
years old 416 3,147 1,198 
7,916 1,157 6,669 1,085 8,916 
3,856 26,648
65 years and over 484 699 1,306 1,895 1,070 
1,570 1,273 1,838 4,133 6,002
SOURCE: U.S. Bur. of Census 
1960,
D.S Det.Com, Wshngtn, .C
100
Appendix Table 31. Recruitable Labor Supply, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, November 1965
County Total Male Female
Cherokee 1,160 800 360
DeKa Ib 1,500 630 870
Jackson 2,000 1,000 1,000
Marshall 850 390 460
Area Total 5,510 2,820 2,690
SOURCE: Alabama Dept. of Industrial Relations
Appendix Table 32. Number of Retail Establishments by Type and County, Northeastr
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954, 1958, and 1963
w CO a) )
u),Ca) C) *r-4o $ r4Cw r-CiJa)
Cl) P ) Q) COU)4 
$4 o bCO P .,'- U
Ye arand P r-'CO 0 r~qw -H w PCi u (3)) C)iCOOv-a)Ca
coun -W ) -4o 
C) . ~O P cOU 
.u-4- PP J 4
cony U) ()*r "*r- PO> CO "-40 P4Pca " 0 CC0
b*"CO a o P4"d bo W - ~ 4 i)U(3) 
i)
o o 0 O) 4 J C) 0 1~ o (1) ) *"
o 4-) caC0 04 -H 0 r4 b*-o 04 4J
w0 Ca) -4C(1) 4J P P b 0
N. .No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.
1954
Cherokee 22 11 7 3 4 6 3 16 6 9 18
DeKalb 100 23 47 16 23 22 7 43 19 41 935
Jackson 92 12 20 17 13 20 8 60 16 30 927
Marshall 128 45 44 40 31 41 19 41 19 53 2 8
Four-county total 342 91 118 76 71 89 37 160 60 133 4 ,1
1958
Cherokee 42 7 
13 3 7 9 3 1/ 1/ 
8 -9
DeKalb 94 27 58 16 25 28 8 l 1/ 39 830
Jackson 116 11 53 16 16 30 8 1/ 
1/ 28 528
Marshall 112 64 58 38 49 52 18 
Ti Ti 52 1 5
Four-county total 364 109 182 73 97 119 37 Ti Ti 127 
2 ,3
1963
Cherokee 49 12 29 7 5 6 4 
1/ 1/ 12 613
DeKalb 152 33 62 22 23 30 10 TI TI 
37 1 8
Jackson 127. 14 45 18 15 38 7 
1/ l/ 36 530
Marshall 152 84 67 44 47 54 
15 TI I 57 2 4
Four-county total 480 143 203 91 90 128 36 
1 i 142 4 ,6
1/Not 
available.
SOURCE: Census of Retail Trade
Washington, D.C.
(Alabama) 1954, 1958, and 1963 . Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept, Coin.,
0D
Appendix Table 33. Retail Sales by Type 
of Establishments and County, Northea
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954, 1958, and 1963
coi () ) ) %r
0) ci) C 0 ECJ) ~L 010 rOiO r4 c
W0 
rC4 
1 
4.J O 
0  
J 
rJ 
C
o Cai 'Ca ) -W coi CO c ci i4 4ica4G
Year and -Wo W 0? Co u eu-a C
county * Uo ) P o o P l - x 0 H
- co ct a o "4a ^ uCa-r b C
o 0 C 4J Q "1 CO 4 a) 
*" W COi
ci) 0 44V I
wC.)) LHW ro
LH Q) P r 0
--------------------------------- Thousandsof dollars------------------
1954
Cherokee 962 1,214 682 138 192 96 85 1,049 710 D
DeKalb 4,119 2,487 1,894 925 819 367 584 2,789 2,199 2,488
Jackson 3,843 2,628 796 781 970 326 475 2,705 1,635 743
Marshall 6,753 8,721 1,870 2,097 2,423 965 991 2,478 2,502 5,562
Four-county
total 15,677 15,050 5,242 3,941 4,404 1,754 
2,135 9,021 7,046 8,793
1958
Cherokee 1,828 1,105 594 144 
136 239 143 1 1 333
DeKalb 4,228 3,412 2,207 802 1,308 478 
640 1 1 2,933
Jackson 5,285 2,963 2,169 951 1,071- 593 612 1 1 1,864
Marshall 9,342 8,630 2,741 2,430 3,298 1,330 1,459 1 1 12,853
Four- county
total 20,683 16,110 7,711 4,327 5,813 2,640 2,854 1 1 17,983 36 7,7
1963
Cherokee 2,614 1,923 966 379 354 297 281 1 1 623 7 ,1
DeKalb 8,703 7,500 3,122 1,172 1,758 656 972 1 1 2,226 34 2,0
Jackson 7,106 5,100 2,332 1,683 1,348 792 787 1 1 1:,420 18 2,4
Marshall 13,504 14,201 2,844 2,833 3,844 1,449 2,072 1 1 4,882 31 4,6
Four-county
total 31,927 28,,724 9,264 6,067 7,344 3,194 4,112 1 1 9,151 1,4 1082
'Not available.
D - Denotes withheld to avoid disclosure.
SOURCE: Census of Retail Trade (Alabama), 1954, 1958, and 1963. Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept.Ci.
Washington, D.C.
Selected Data on Wholesale Trade by County, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954, 1958, and 1963
Merchant Other operating
Total wholesalers types
Paid Active
Year and Payroll emp. props.
county Payroll work- work- of
Establish- entire week week uninc.
ments Sales year Nov. 15 Nov. 15 bus. Est. Sales Est. Sales
No. $1,000 $1,000 Dol. No. No. No. $1,000 
No. $1,000
1954
Cherokee 5 1 D D D D 1 D 4 D
DeKalb 26 1 271 5,535 127 26 16 4,444 10 
4,210
Jackson 12 1 219 4,199 88 11 6 4,380 6 3,991
Marshall 49 1 604 13,028 239 54 30 30,353 19 10,580
Four-County
total 92 1 1,094 22,762 454 91 53 39,177 39 18,781
1958
Cherokee 7 3,899 56 1,516 28 5 3 149 
4 3,750
DeKalb 33 9,914 380 7,744 129 24 23 5,525 10 4,389
Jackson 23 10,430 346 6,271 110 24 13 6,035 10 4,395
Marshall 76 50,365 1,604 33,748 443 64 
53 35,244 23 15,121
Four-County
total 139 74,608 2,386 49,279 710 117 92 46,953 47 27,655
1963
Cherokee 9 2,434 43 801 29 
9 3 322 6 2,112
DeKalb 44 16,710 720 15,228 249 
32 28 9,010 16 7,700
Jackson 30 15,069 569 11,779 158 21 14 7,215 
16 7,854
Marshall 106 87,659 2,404 50,236 663 
99 78 51,721 28 35,938
Four-County
total 189 121,872 3,736 78,044 1,099 161 123 68,268 66 53,604
D - Denotes withheld to avoid disclosure.
1Not available
SOURCE: Census of Wholesale Trade Alabama) 1954, 1958, and 1963. 
Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Com.,
T.T., 1- 1 - te 71
0
Appendix Table 340
o
Appendix Table 35. Selected Data of Manufacturers by County, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954, 1958, and 1963
Establishments All employees Production workers
Capital
With Value expendi-
Year and county Total 20 or Number Payroll Number 
Man-hours Wages added by tures
more mfr. new
emp,
No. No. $1,000 1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
1954
Cherokee 9 1 93 D 84 D D D 
D
DeKalb 54 1 1,746 3,670 1,584 2,717 2,856 
6,326 264
Jackson 58 1 1,388 2,511 1,261 2,171 
2,109 4,289 256
Marshall 41 1 1,689 3,914 
1,571 2,987 3,430 6,300 339
Four-county total 162 1 4,916 10,095 4,500 
7,875 8,395 16,915 859
1958
Cherokee 18 2 399 821 366 
625 708 1,401 77
DeKalb 54 15 1,780 4,160 1,606 2,769 
3,395 7,766 198
Jackson 49 12 1,901 4,470 1,796 
3,279 4,000 7,021 539
Marshall 52 15 2,505 7,357 2,229 
4,394 6,258 13,140 2,956
Four-county total 173 44 6,585 16,808 5,997 
11,067 14,361 29,328 3,770
1963
Cherokee 16 3 466 
1,364 418 767 996 
2,375 -
DeKalb 51 18 2,251 6,645 
1,976 3,360 5,125 14,627 
-
Jackson 57 16 2,414 7,142 
2,224 4,166 6,005 17,324 1,414
Marshall 59 19 3,703 11,468 
3,323 6,268 9,643 24,503 872
Four-county total 183 56 8,834 26,619 
7,941 14,561 21,769 58,829 2,286
D - Denotes withheld to avoid disclosure.
1
Not available
SOURCE: Census of Manufacturers (Alabama) 
1954, 1958, and 1963. Bur. of Census, U.S. 
Dept. Com.,
Washington, D.C.
105
Appendix Table 36. State Income 
Tax.by County, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Al abama, 1962, 1963, and 1964
County
Cherokee
DeKaib
Jackson
Marshall1
Total
19621
Dol.
46,027
118,811
113,430
341,329
619,_597
Per cent
of
total
Pct.
7.4
19.2
18.3
55.1
100.0
19631
Do l.
47, 692
122,437.
177,4702
403,479
751,310
Per cent
of
total
Pct.
6.3
16.3
23.7
53.7
100.0
19641
Dol
71,248
174,753
204 ,2 89
538,251.
988, 541
Per cent
of
total
Pct.
7.2
17.7
20.7
54.4
100.0
1
lncome tax liability-for previous year reported in 
following year.
(Income tax not reported by counties 
previous to 1962)
SOURCE: Alabama State Dept. of Revenue, Montgomery, 
Alabama.
mmpv......ter.mwly..-. r.w.
"=am
Appendix Table
O
37. Hospital and Medical Services 
Data, by County, Northeastern 
0o
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1963-65
Ttl. Ttl. Pa-
ex- Ttl.. bed tients Pa- Number Number Doctor
County and name of ist- need- capa- admit- tient of of population
hospital, nursing ing ed city ted days visits doctors ratio
home or clinic 1 1 1 1 1965 1965
Cherokee 1-3,260
Cherokee County Hospital 1 1 60 1,781 9,562 
-
Cherokee County N. H. 1 1 53 35 12,118 -
Cherokee County Health
Center 1 1 - - - 1,924
Diagnostic & Diagnostic
Treatment Centers
2  
2 3 - - - 3,577
DeKalb 14 1-3,035
DeKalb General Hospital 1 1 83 3,035 21,615 -
Diagnostic & Diagnostic
Treatment Centers
2  
2 3 - - - 4,132
DeKalb County Nursing Home 1 2 26 6 9,086 -
DeKalb County Health Center 1 1 - -
- 2,416
Jackson 16 1-2,350
North Jackson Hospital 1 1 64 1,730 
9,978 -
Jackson County Hospital 1 1 59 2,963 
14,925 -
Ruth H. Peet Clinic 1 0 3 NA NA 
-
Jackson County Nursing Home 1 2 30 
Under Construction
Jackson County Health Center 1 1 - -
- 2,470
Diagnostic & Diagnostic
Treatment Center
2  
3 5 - - - 3,291
Continued
Appendix Table 37. Cont'd.
Ttl. Ttl. Pa-
ex- Ttl. bed tients Pa- Number Number Doctor
County and name of ist- need- capa- admit- tient of of population
hospital,-nursing ing ed city ted days visits doctors ratio
home or clinic 1 1 1 1 1965 1965
Marshall 32 1-1,600
Albertville Clinic 1 0 15 594 2,774 -
Arab Hospital 1 1 34 1,686 9,732 -
Boaz-Albertville Hospital 1 1 39 2,097 11,371 -
City Hospital (Guntersville) 1 1 54 1,973 13,188 -
Guntersville Hospital 1 1 47 2,516 15,247 -
Sand Mountain Infirmary 1 0 20 1,400 7,319 -
Boaz-Albertville Hospital
3  
1 1 20 1,075 5,831 -
Arab Nursing Home 1 1 37 Under Construction
Sand Mountain Nursing Home 1 1 77 51 26,246 -
Public Health Facilities 3 3 - - - 2,947
Diagnostic & Diagnostic
Treatment Centers
2  
7 8 - - - 13,343
Four-county area 67 1-2,203
Alabama 2,619 1-1,290
iFor period Oct. 1963-Sept. 1964.
2
Diagnostic and diagnostic treatment centers connected with hospitals.
3
Long term care facilities.
SOURCE: Distribution of Physicians in U.S., 1965, American Medical Association, Alabama Dept. of Public
Health (Inventory Oct. 1963-Sept. 30, 1964).
0
108
Appendix Table 38. General Land Use Patterns, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
Four-cOunty total
Item 1949 1954 1959 1964
Number of farms 19,3591 16,0791 12,252 9,687
Total land area
(acres) 1,966,720 1,966,720 1,966,720 1,936,5202
Land in farms
(acres) 1,409,523 1,353,186 1,111,426 987,024
Proportion of
land in farms
(Pct.) 71.7 68.8 56.5 50.2
Average size of
farms (acres) 72.11 84.21 90.7 101.9
Cropland har-
vested (acres) 559,066 504,204 419,527 301,262
Cropland used
only for pas-
ture (acres) 41,763 53,495 63,354 63,840
Cropland not
harvested and
not pastured
(acres) 74,972 57,728 65,544 90,949
Woodland pastured
(acres) 128,234 126,744 87,598 84,056
Woodland not
pastured (acres) 479,116 464,539 359,218 319,670
Other pasture
not cropland
and not wood-
land (acres) 74,007 107,925 77,535 94,127
1
Adjusted for 1959 definition of farm.
2
Adjusted for area inundated by Weiss Reservoir in Cherokee County.
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964. U.S. Bur. of
Census, U.S. Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
109
Appendix Table 39. Farm Sales by Commodities, Northeast Four-County
Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
Four-county total
Item sold 1949 
1954 1959 1964
All farm products $25,289,350
Average per farm 1,3061
All crops 19,641,179
Field crops other
than vegetables,
fruits and nuts 19,391,942
Vegetables 154,263
Fruits and nuts 43,671
Forest products and
horticultural
speciality products 652,509
All livestock and
livestock products 5,046,965
Poultry and poultry
products .1,315,080
Dairy products 763,493
Livestock and live-
stock products
other than
poultry 2,968,392
$33,467,241
2,0811
22,613,054
21,668,462
202,863
249,404
492,32.5
10,854,188
6,575,464
914,020
3,364,704
$53,802,309
4,324
27,366,844
26,130,323
360,331
102,156
773,984
26,435,465
19,241,935
1,375,620
5,817,910
$70,603,934
7,304
29,496,643
27,755,175
920,349
108,641
712,478
41,107,291
33,486,533
1,666,194
5,954,564
1
Adjusted for 
1959 definition 
of farm.
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Agr. 1949, 19549 1959, and 1964. U. S. Bur.
of Census, Dept. Com., Washington, D. C.
Appendix Table 40. Value of Farm Products Soldl/, Northeastern Four-County o
Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
1949 1954 1959 1964
Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct.
Type of product Sales of Sales of. Sales of Sales of
ttl. ttl. ttl. ttl.
$1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Field crops 19,392 76.7 21,668 64.7 26,130 48.5 27,755 39.3
Vegetables 154 .6 203 .6 360 .7 920 
1.3
Fruit and nuts 44 .2 249 .7 102 .2 109 .2
Forest and horti-
culture 652 2.6 492 1.5 774 1.4 712 1.0
Poultry products 1,315 5.2 6,575 19.7 19,242 35.8 33,487 47.4
Dairy products 763 3.0 914 2.7 1,376 
2.6 1,666 2.4
Livestock products
other than poul-
try 2,968 11.7 3,365 10.1 5,818 10.8 
5,955 8.4
Total 25,288 100.0 33,466 100.0 
53,802 100.0 70,604 100.0
I/Sales have not been adjusted for changes in the general price level.
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964. U.S. 
Bur. of Census, U.S. Dept. Com.,
Washington, D.C.
111
Appendix Table 41. Farms by -Economi c Cl ass, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 19149,.19514, 1959, and 19614
Class 19591 
19541 1959 1964
Total commercial farms 13,298 11,006 7,926 6,552
Class I ($40,000- or more) 18 80 104 279
Class II ($20,000-$39,999) 56 293 352 642
Class III ($lO,000.-$19,999) 278 532 815 916
Class IV (5,000-$9,999) 1,498 2,676 
1,516 1,319
Class V ($2,500-$4,999) 5,678 4,423 
2,718 1,599
Class VI ($50-$2,1499) 5,770 
3,002 2,421 1,797
Other-farms 5,583 5,103 4,5214 3,135
Part time 2,9781 2,022 31486 2,2148
Part retirement 2, 791 3,080 1, 038 886
Abnormal 12 1 -1
1
Adj usted for 1959 definition of farm.
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Agr., 19149, 19514, 1959, and 19614.U.S. Bur. of
Census, U. S. Dept. Coin., Washington, D. C.
112
Appendix Table 42. Number of Farms by Size, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1964
Size of farm Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall 
Total Per cent
Under 10 acres 33 191 122 218 564 
5.8
10 to 49 acres 283 1,377 832 1,326 3,818 39.4
50 to 69 acres 122 479 251 385 1,237 
12.8
70 to 99 acres 183 525 333 341 1,382 14.3
100 to 139 acres 139 349 276 215 979 10.1
140 to 179 acres 99 190 164 101 554 5.7
180 to 219 acres 54 99 119 45 317 3.3
220 to 259 acres 39 39 67 41 186 
1.9
260 to 499 acres 90 107 187 68 452 4.7
500 to 999 acres 25 35 65 12 
137 1.4
1,000 to 1,999 acres 13 6 16 
4 39 .4
2000 or more acres 7 2 12 1 
22 .2
Total 1,087 3,399 2,444 
2,757 9,687 100.0
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1964. U.S. Bur. of Census, Dept. Com.,
Washington, 
D.C.
113
Appendix Table 43. Farms by Type, Northeastern Four-County
Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
Item 1949 1954 1959 1964
No. No. No. No.
Total number of farms 19,535 16,011 12,441 9,687
Field crop farms other than
vegetable, fruit and nut
farms 11,794 9,358 5,351 
3,738
Cotton 11,558 8,628 4,923 3,084
Cash grain 176 290 346 592
Other field crop farms 60 57 82 62
Vegetable farms 14 33 30 55
Fruit and nut farms 11 21 6 10
Poultry farms 233 591 1,105 1,307
Dairy farms 116 134 142 93
Livestock other than
poultry or dairy 479 618 521 598
General farms 1,122 497 657 558
Misc. and unclassified 5,768 5,148 4,598 3,328
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964. U.S. Bur. of
Census, Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
114
Appendix Table 44. Farm Operator Classification, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1964
Type operator Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall Total
No. No. No. No. No.
Full owner 535 2,089 1,193 1,600 5,417
Part owner 270 791 625 528 2,244
Manager 5 4 3 3 15
Tenant 277 515 623 596 2,011
Total 1,087 3,399 2,444 2,757 9,687
Color of operator
White 1,023 3,393 2,396 2,743 9,555
Nonwhite 64 6 48 14 132
Total 1,087 3,399 2,444 2,757 9,687
Appendix Table 45. Farm Operator Classification, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964
Type operator 19149 1954 1959 1964
No. No. No. No.
Full owner 9,328 8,168 6,084 5,417
Part owner 2,666 2,938 2,697 2,244
Manager 9 23 26 15
Tenant 8,882 6,064 3,445 2,011
Total 20,885 
17,193 12,252 9,687
Color of operator
White 20,511 16,928 12,062 9,555
Nonwhite 374 265 190 132
Total 20,885 17,193 12,252 9,687
SOURCE: U.S. Census of Agr., 1949, 1954, 1959, and 1964. U.S. Bur. of
Census, Dept. Com., Washington, D.C.
Comparison of Selected Farm Items, Northeastern
Four-County Area and Alabama with the United States, 1959
Four-
county
Item United area Cherokee DeKalb Jackson Marshall
States Alabama total County County County County
Average size of farm (acres) 303 143 91 
132 75 119 67
Per centl 100 47 30 44 25 39 22
Average value of land and buildings
per farm (dollars) 34,825 11,807 10,592 13,187 9,228 10,324 11,440
Per centl 100 34 30 38 26 30 33
Average value per acre (dollars) 115 92 127 118 124 97 187
Per centl 100 80 110 103 108 84 163
Per cent of farms with tractors 72.3 46.3 62.2 74.5 58.5 61.6 61.8
Per centl 100 64 86 103 81 85 85
Per cent of farms with motor trucks 58.7 47.7 51.2 46.9 50.3 52.4 53.3
per cent
1  
100 81 87 80 86 89 91
Per cent of farms with telephones 65 34.4 39.4 45.3 38.4 21.4 54.2
Per cent
1  
100 53 61 70 59 33 83
Per cent of farms operated by tenants 19.8 27.9 28.0 39.0 22.4 31.4 27.7
Per cent
1  
100 141 141 197 113 159 140
Per cent of commercial farms selling
under $2 500 in products 15.9 41.9 30.4 23 30.6 35.5 29.4
Per cents 100 
263 191 145 192 223 185
Per cent of commercial farms selling
$10,000 products or more 32.9 15.0 16.0 12.1 16.9 11.9 20.3
Per centl 100 46 49 37 51 
36 62
1
Compared to U.S. = 100 per cent.
SOURCE: U.S. Bur. of Census. County and City Data Book, 1962 (A statistical
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., 1962.
abstract supplement)
Appendix-.. Table 46.
116
Appendix Table 47. Comparison of Cotton Yields in Pounds Lint
Per Acre, Northeastern Four-County Area and Alabama
with the U. S., 1960-63
County 1960 1961 1962 1963
--- Per cent of U. S. average -----
Alabama 
94 75 82 99
Four-County Area 
111 68 89 93
Cherokee 103 99 102 102
DeKalb 110 59 93 88
Jackson 107 55 78 90
Marshall 122 60 82 94
U. S.
1  
100 100 100 100
(U. S. avg. l1bs. lint per acre) 446 
438 455 517
1
Yields per acre compared on basis of U. S. average pounds of lint
per acre = 100.
SOURCE: Alabama Cotton, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, and 1964. U.S. Dept. of
Agr. in cooperation with Alabama Dept. of Agr. and Ind., Montgomery,
Al abama.
117
Appendix Table 48. Comparison of Corn Yields in Bushels Per Acre,
Northeastern Four-County Area and Alabama
with the U. S., 1960-64
County 1960 1961 1962.1963 1964
---------- PerCent of U. S. Average
Alabama 48 56 44 58 64
Four-County Area 46 62 56 67 80
Cherokee 42 57 
58 65 83
D eKai1b 38 62, 61 67 85
Jackson 50 62 55 65 76
Marshall 52 65 50 72 78
U. s.1 100 100 100 100 100
(U. S. avg.
yield bu/ac)= 54.5. 62.0 64.1 .67.6 62.6
]Yields per acre compared on basis of U. S. average 1.00.
SOURCE: Alabama Corn,.1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 and 1964. U.S Dept. of
Agr. i n. cooperation with Al abama Dept. of Agr. and Ind.,
Montgomery, Alabama.
118
Appendix Table 49. Comparison of Soybean Yields in Bushels Per Acre,
Northeastern Four-County Area and Alabama with the-U. S., 1960-64
County 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964
Per cent of .S vrg------
Alabama 94 83 
85 86 101
Four-County Area 94 83 77 78 102
Cherokee 85 79 76 78 105
DeKalb 106 87 78 78 96
Jackson 85 83 76 18 105
Marshall 94 87 76 18 101
U. S.1 100 100 100 100 
100
U. S. avg. bu.
per ac. 23.5 25.2 24.2 24.5 22.8
]Yields in bushels per acre compared on basis of U. S. average
yield = 100.
SOURCE: Alabama Soy beans Harvested for Beans,.1960,:1.961, 1962, l.96:3Q and
1964',. U..S.' Dept. of Agr. in cooperation with Alabama Dept. of
Agr. and Ind., Montgomery, Alabama
119
Appendix Table 50. Land Area by County and Forestry 
Classification,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1963
Forest Non-Forest
County Total Non-
areal Commercial Commercial Land 
Water
------------------- Thousand acres --------------------
Cherokee 384.0 244.2 
139.8 -
DeKalb 497.9 252.0 -
245.9
Jackson 727.0 442.0 -
277.4 7.6
Marshall 401.2 176.0 -
189.4 35.8
Area Total 2010.1 1114.0 -
856.5 43.4
1
Gross area from Bureau of Census
SOURCE: U.S. Dept. of Agr., Forest Service, Southern Forest Expt.
Station.
120
Appendix Table 51. Forest Growing Stock Volume and Percentage
Change by Specie Groups and County, Northeastern
Four-County Area, Alabama, 1953 and 19631
All species Softwood Hardwood
County =1953 1963 Change 1953 1963 Change 1953 1963 Change
Mi. Mil Pct Mi I. Pct. Mi i. Mil. Pt. Mi. Mi. Pct.
CU. CU. CU. CU. cu. cu.
ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft.
Cherokee 69.2 84.7 22.4 32.8 47.4 44.5 36.4 37.3 2.3
DeKalb 89.5 84.9 - 5.2 41,4 30.7 -25.9 48.1 54.2 12.3
Jackson 256.2 319.4 24.7 40.7 21.8 -46.5 215.5 297.6 38.1
Marshall 96.2 120.6 25.4 42.7 62.6 46.6 53.5 58.0 8.4
Total 511.1 609.6 19.3 157.6 162.5 3.1 353.5 447.1 26.5
IGrowing stock includes al
or more at breast height.
1 live trees except culls 5" in diameter
SOURCE: Southern Forest Expt. Station, Timber Volume by Counties in
Alabama, Supplement to Forest Survey, Release No. 73, 1953.
Southern Forest Expt. Station, Alabama Forests, 1963.
121
Appendix Table 52. Volume of Merchantable 
Sawtimber by Species,
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, 1963
All diameter 10-121 14-16 18 inches
Item classes inches inches and up
Softwood
Loblolly pine 368.6 93.7 169.7 105.2
Shortleaf pine 114.4 90.1 15.7 8.6
Longleaf pine 2.1 2.1 0 0
Other yellow pine 31.8 23.1 7.2 1.5
Cedar 11.1 11.1 0 0
Total 528.0 
220.1 192.6 115.3
Soft-textured hardwoods
Sweetgum 56.3 20.4 24.7 11.2
Blackgum, swamp tupelo 55.5 12.1 21.7 21.7
Tupelo gum 3.1 0 3.1 0
Bay and magnolia 3.6 0 0 3.6
Cottonwood 4.2 0 4.2 0
Willow 34.2 9.3 14.5 10.4
Yellow poplar 45.3 2.4 28.2 14.7
Basswood 11.0 2.5 4.1 4.4
Total 213.2 46.7 100.5 66.0
Firm-textured hardwoods
Black, scarlet and southern
red oaks 203.4 64.2 93.6 45.6
Cherry bark, shumard and
northern red oaks 137.6 
34.4 70.0 33.2
Water oaks 
20.9 4.8 8.2 7.9
White oaks (Quercus Alba) 106.7 37.0 27.8 
41.9
Swamp chestnut oak 36.2 0 10.7 25.5
Overcup, upland post, and
chestnut oaks 171.0 59.9 63.4 47.7
Other white oaks 22.5 0 18.4 
4.1
Ash 57.3 17.5 26.5 13.3
Beech 8.4 0 3.4 5.0
Walnut 5.9 0 5.9 0
Elm 11.8 6.0 5.8 0
Hackberry 7,0 1.9 
2.2 2.9
Hickories, except pecan 216.9 57.1 89.5 50.3
Sycamore 7.8 0 0 7.8
Other hard hardwoods 13.7 7.7 6.0 0
Total 1,027.1 310.5 431.4 285.2
A11 hardwoods 1,240.3 357.2 531.9 351.2
All species 17,683 577.3 724.5 466.5
1
Hardwood sawtimber volume was not tallied in trees under 11.0
inches D.B.H.
SOURCE: U.S. Forest Service 1963, Alabama Forests, Reserve Bulletin 
SO-3,
Southern Forest Expt. Station
Appendix Table 53. Volume of Merchantable Growing Stock
Northeastern Four-County.,Area, Alabama, 1963.
by Species,
All 18
Item diameter 6-8 10-12 14-16 inches
classes inches inches inches and up
------------------------Mil i on cubic feet ---------
Softwood
Loblolly pine
Shortleaf pine
Longleaf pine
Other yellow pine
Cedar
Total
Soft-textured hardwoods
Sweet gum
Blackgum, swamp tupelo
Tupelo gum
Bay and magnolia
Cottonwood
Soft maples
Hard maples
Wi 1low
Yellow popular
Ba s swood
Other soft hardwoods
Total
Firm-textured hardwoods
Black, scarlet, and southern
red oaks
Cherry bark, shumard, and
northern red oaks
Water oaks
White oaks (Quercus Alba)
Swamp chestnut oak-
Overcup, upland post and
chestnut oaks
Other white oak
Ash
Beech
Cherry
Walnut
Elm
Hackberry
Hickories, except pecan
Sycamore
Other hard hardwoods
Total
All hardwoods
84.4
50.4
.6
18.0
9.1
1 62.5
23.0
16.6
2.1
.5
1.0
11 .2
.4
.3
14.8
2.1
.3
72.3
11 .8
25.1
01
9.9
6.9
53.8
21.8
20.7
.5
6.1
2.2
51 .3
31.6
2.9
0
1.5
0
36.0
4.6 10.8 5.4
2.8 6.0
.8 0 1.3
O 0 0
0 0 1.0
1 .0 4.2 2.9
.2 .2 0
.3 0 0
.6 3.9 6.8
0 .4 1.0
.3 0 0
10.6 25.5 22.9
68.7 10.5 27.1 21.1 10.0
40.3
6.4
36.7
7.9
67.7
10.3
14.9
1 .5
.7
1 .6
6.1
2.8
99.9
2.5
6.8
374.8
447.1
608.6
3.9
1.3
6.8
.4
13.2
3.3
2.2
.4
.7
.6
2.0
.6
30.0
.3
1.7
77.9
88.5
1 42.3
14.2
1 .5
15.3
0
29.7
2.7
4.7
0
0
0
3.3
.6
40.6
0
3.8
143.5
169.0
220.3
15.8
2.0
6.3
2.3
14.1
3.6
5.7
.5
0
1.0
.8
.7
18.3
0
1.3
93,#5
116.4
152.4
Reserve Bulletin
122
19.2
1.7
0
.5
0
21 .4
2.2
3.3
0
.5
0
3.1
0
0
3.5
.7
0
13.3
6.4
1.6
8.3
5.2
10.1
.7
2.3
.6
0.
0
0
.9
11.0
2.2
0
59.9
73.2
94.6
SOURCE: U.S. Forest Service, 1963, Alabama Forests,
SO-3, Southern Forest Expt. Station.
I l\ill .L~I ILI II VUr\3 7V 1
Appendix Table 54 Total Number of Forest Tree Seedlings Planted by Years an
Northeastern Four-County Area, Alabama, (1954-55 to 1963-64 Planting Sesn
1956- 1957-
57 58
283 342
459 1,335
203 402
176 402
1,121 2,481
1958
59
Thousands
961
1,590
510
915
3,976
1959 1960-
60 61
of seedlings ---
723 756
1,139 1,055
556 327
837 480
3,255 2,118
1961-
62
345
818
243
129
1,535
1962 1963
63 64
I--------------
537 730
470 856
643 611
657 462
2,307 2,659
SOURCE: Alabama State Dept. of Con.,Div of For. (Includes 
seedlings from Alabama and ot
nurseries)
Lr\)
N9,
County
Cherokee
D eKailb
Jackson
Marshall
Total
1954-
55
504
289
239
135
1,167
1955-
56
176
597
380
161
1,314
:
1214
Appendix Table 55, Total Forest Products Harvested 
by Type and
Value, Four-County Area, Alabama, 1954 to 1964
Poles
Years Pine 'Hardwood 
Cross Mine and Stump- Value of
lumber lumber Pulpwood ti-es props.piling wood 
products
1
MB.Fo MFt BoM
0  
Std, Pcs, 100 PCs. Tons $1,000
cords Pcs?
1954 50,870.3 28,907o2 
21,203.0 41,089 
8 1,865.0
1955 58,929.6 26,127oO 29,428,8 
20,910 275 2,063.3
1956 45,987o9 3O, 9236 35,819,0 21,548 
2,1423 1,833.5
1957 36,618,8 29,770,2 44,848.6 11,022 246 1,856.2
1958 25,748.3 25,637o5 
43,1440 16,639 
460 1,327.9
1959 30,797o8 30,671,6 44,l2l1.4 
13,061 6,199 4,310 1,582.97
1960 34,120,0 19,363.9 
72,360.1 24,208 
1,833.5
1961 24,842.9 18,136.8 58, 561.3 
10,99214 107 1, 278.9
1962 24,068,2 24,3014.2 
65,9315e3 1 1,8149 
218 1,392.5
1963 22, 335.2 19.9633o] 81,719o3 
410147 1,.372e,1
19614 19,59914 19,71908 
73,7255 4,180 3,6 4814 
1,256.14
1
Lumber converted to stumpage 
and value
prevailing price
0
SOURCE: Alabama Dept. of 
Con., Div. of For.
Products Severance Reports)
computed from estimated
(Determined from Forest