, ..Y .. ^, 6 0 0) I> 42 a EE ,:a. . ? 0. a _ r 1976 ALABAMA COTTON VARIETY REPORT-I / A Report of the Performance of Cotton Varieties Tested at Nine Locations in Alabama During 1976 2/ Wiley C. Johnson-- The Alabama Cotton Variety Test is a continuing evaluation of available cotton varieties from both private companies and state experiment stations. Breeding lines that are likely to be released as varieties are also tested. All tests are conducted on units of the Agricultural Experiment Station by Experiment Station personnel. All phases of culture are as generally recom- mended by Auburn University to farmers. Every effort is made to test the varieties and present the data in an unbiased manner. Experimental Design and Plot Size A randomized block design in four replications was used at each location. Length of plots at different locations vatied from 34 to 142 feet. Plots were two-row at Auburn, Brewton, Monroeville, and Prattville and single row at Winfield, Belle Mina, and Tallassee. Seasonal Conditions Adverse weather necessitated replanting the tests at Monroeville and Winfield and replanting skips at Auburn. At Headland, germination and emergence were statisfactory but the stand was subsequently lost to seedling diseases too late for replanting. Growing conditions were generally good in southern and central locations but temperatures were lower than normal in northern Alabama. Data from the test at Crossville, on Sand Mountain, are not reported because of poor stands, poor fruiting, and extremely inconsistent varietal performance. Up to 50% of the bolls were immature or mature but not opened at the first freeze at Winfield and Belle Nina in northern Alabama. -/February 1977 -/Professor, Department of Agronomy and Soils 2 Explanation of Data Yield of Seed Cotton: Tests at Prattville, Tallassee, Belle Mina, Brewton, and Monroeville were harvested by a mechanical spindle picker. Tests at Winfield and Auburn were harvested by hand. Average weight of seed cotton per acre was determined for each variety at each location. Lint Percentage: A sample of seed cotton from each variety at each location was taken at harvest and ginned on a 10-saw gin. Lint percentage was calcu- lated by dividing weight of lint by weight of seed cotton. Yield of Lint: Lint yield was determined by multiplying the lint percentage by yield of seed cotton. Fiber Properties: Measurements of fiber properties are not available at this time. A supplement to this report will be made when this information is available. Earliness: Where more than one harvest was made, earliness is reported as the percentage of the total yield harvested at the first picking. Fusarium Wilt: Reaction of varieties to Fusarium wilt was evaluated at the Plant Breeding Unit, Tallassee, by growing the varieties in fields with a high natural incidence of Fusarium wilt. Results of these tests vary from year to year and also from different areas of the field in the same year. Therefore, several years' data are necessary to realistically characterize a variety's wilt reaction. These data are summarized in Table 7. Auburn 56 is the onlyo variety tested each year that has been highly resistant. Stoneville 213 and Hancock have consistently shown a high incidence of wilt. All other varieties that have been tested for at least 3 years have some tolerance to Fusarium wilt. Judgment of resistance should be made on as many years ' data as available. New and Experimental Varieties Deltapine 26, first tested in Alabama in 1976, is a selection from one of the original lines comprising Deltapine 25. In general it should be similar to Deltapine 25 which is being phased out. Stoneville 731N is a new nectariless variety. In addition to having no leaf or floral nectaries, this variety is somewhat earlier to mature than the other Stoneville varieties. Lint character- istics are similar to the familiar Stoneville 213. Deltapine 61 is a selection from Deltapine 16 and in general is quite similar to Deltapine 16. Brycot 4 and Vail 7 are privately developed varieties. We have had these varieties in test only in 1976. Both appeared earlier to mature than other varieties in the test. Seed of Vail 7 will not be generally available for 1977 but there will be a limited supply of Brycot 4. McNair 220 is a newly released variety. We have tested it state-wide for the first time in 1976. It is early and appears to have good Fusarium wilt resistance. DES 06-020-24, Coker 530, Coker 1104, and P.D. 9241 are experimental lines included for preliminary testing only and are not released varieties. Acala 1517-70 and Paymaster 909 are varieties adapted to the western areas of cotton production and are included in certain Alabama variety tests as national standard varieties. These tests are part of a national cooperative variety testing program. Neither variety is adapted to Alabama conditions. Statistical Analysis Appropriate analyses of the yield data were made. For each location, the variability of the test was calculated and is expressed as a percentage of the test mean, coefficient of variation (C.V.). An indication of the difference between variety averages necessary to be a real difference is given, Least Significant Difference (L. S.D.0) 4 Acknowledgment Appreciation is expressed to Dr. A. J. Kappelman, Jr., for Fusarium wilt ratings, to superintendents J. K. Boseck, J. T. Eason, Robert Moore, J. G. Starling, F. T. Glaze, W. E. Brown, and J. W. Langford for growing and harvesting the variety tests, and to Research Data Analysis for assistance in summarizing the data. Table 1. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, 1976 Yield of lint per acre Lint percentage Variety Belle Mina Winfield Av. Earliness* Belle Mina Winfield Av. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Vail 7 652 298 475 59 39 38 39 Brycot 4 559 382 471 56 39 39 39 Deltapine 61 479 326 403 60 39 40 40 Hancock 446 359 402 58 40 42 41 Deltapine 16 424 378 401 45 38 39 39 Stoneville 603 503 283 393 60 39 39 39 Coker 310 377 392 385 63 40 44 42 DES 06-020-24 458 296 377 59 39 41 40 Auburn 56 349 369 359 48 36 38 37 Coker 201 351 332 341 57 41 43 42 Stoneville 213 344 317 330 42 38 40 39 McNair 220 370 241 306 57 39 40 40 Delcot 277 253 348 300 54 39 41 40 Deltapine 26 314 266 290 51 39 44 41 Coker 1104 300 279 289 59 39 42 40 Coker 417 261 301 281 52 39 41 40 Coker 304 207 349 278 58 39 43 41 Deltapine 55 285 259 272 46 40 42 41 Stoneville 731N 185 332 259 48 38 39 39 McNair 612 280 204 242 56 40 43 42 Dixie King III 177 256 217 38 38 40 39 McNair 511 154 233 194 47 39 40 40 L.S.D.05 147 116 C.V. %" 29.6 26.6 *Belle Mina data only. Table 2. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, Two-year Average, 1975-76 Yield of lint per acre Average lint Variety Belle Nina Crossville* Winfield Av. percenta Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Hancock 569 573 396 483 41 Deltapine 16 511 507 441 476 40 Coker 310 526 468 422 474 42 Stoneville 603 571 418 357 464 39 Deltapine 55 547 329 372 459 42 Delcot 277 467 639 424 446 40 Stoneville 213 443 417 429 436 40 Coker 304 418 514 446 432 42 Coker 1104 462 564 402 432 41 Auburn 56 454 433 408 431 38 Coker 201 421 499 420 421 42 Coker 417 428 383 386 407 40 McNair 612 396 529 391 393 42 Dixie King III 374 433 381 378 40 McNair 511 268 617 314 291 39 *197 daa oly. Data not included in averages. *194 dta nly Table 3. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Northern Alabama, Three-year Average, 1974-1976 Belle Min Lb. Yield of lint per ia Crossville* Lb. acre Winfield Av. Lb. Lb. Average lint percentage Pct. Hancock Delcot 277 Deltapine 55 Deltapine 16 Coker 1104 Coker 201 Coker 304 Coker 310 Stoneville 213 Stoneville 603 Auburn 45 Goker 417 Dixie King III McNair 612 McNair 511 Data not included in averages. Variety 634 589 630 558 541 5 06 483 525 516 547 469 499 425 421 300 573 639 329 507 564 499 514 468 417 418 433 383 433 529 617 424 456 414 426 413 445 458 412 416 370 435 394 412 412 355 529 523 522 492 477 475 471 469 466 458 452 447 419 416 328 41 40 42 40 40 42 42 42 40 39 38 40 40 42 40 ~T c\ t, 1 ~ '1 r rrF ~ALCII TT---- -L- V /r r f r\ rm cr ~ ~ r\ UV C~.~ ~~ I ~ ~V'T JTI JUL) *1974 dta only Table 4. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, 1976 Yield of lint per acre Lint percentage Au- Brew- Monroe- Pratt- Tallas- Au- Brew- Monroe- Pratt- Talla Variety burn ton ville ville see Av. Earliness* burn ton ville ville see Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Pct. Deltapine 61 544 1223 819 1006 968 912 78 40 41 41 41 43 Deltapine 26 481 1173 839 932 1076 900 79 42 43 41 43 45 Hancock 518 1320 709 902 1009 892 84 41 42 40 42 43 McNair 220 548 1379 801 892 829 890 82 40 41 41 41 41 Coker 304 508 1374 724 891 860 871 76 42 48 42 46 44 DES 06-020-24 498 1324 758 899 865 869 87 40 43 41 41 43 McNair 511 479 1251 758 896 960 869 72 41 42 40 40 43 Vail 7 525 1113 760 946 991 867 84 41 40 39 42 43 Coker 201 546 1234 713 893 921 861 79 42 46 42 43 44 Brycot 4 568 1084 726 916 968 852 79 41 40 39 40 42 Deltapine 55 501 1168 785 872 925 850 78 42 44 39 43 44 Deltapine 16 532 1187 699 904 910 847 77 40 41 37 41 43 Auburn 56 543 1171 697 916 897 845 76 38 41 37 39 40 Stoneville603 531 1128 728 873 955 843 85 40 42 39 42 43 Coker 1104 579 1240 708 817 841 837 73 40 44 41 42 42 McNair 612 537 1357 776 883 628 836 80 42 48 42 43 46 Stoneville 213 540 1084 769 861 914 833 81 40 41 39 41 42 Delcot 277 470 1268 704 827 876 829 85 39 44 40 42 42 Coker 310 474 1191 679 968 753 813 77 40 43 42 46 44 Dixie King III 467 1191 792 860 746 811 68 40 42 40 42 41 Coker 417 486 1183 672 851 792 797 73 39 43 40 41 43 Stoneville 731N 378 1137 794 742 809 772 79 42 46 41 40 43 (The following varieties were not tested at all locations) PD 9241 490 40 Paymaster 909 397 39 Acala 1517-70 262 37 L.S.D. 0597 159 77 95 199 C.V. % 13.9 9.2 7.3 7.5 15.9 Prattville location only. s- Av. Pct. 41 43 42 41 45 42 41 41 43 41 42 40 39 41 42 44 41 41 43 41 41 42 Table 5. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, Two-year Average, 1975-76 Yield of lint per acre Au- Brew- Head- Monroe- Pratt- Tallas- Av. lint Variety burn* ton land** ville ville see Av. percentage Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. Hancock 518 1001 579 629 861 789 820 42 McNair 511 479 956 267 631 852 769 802 41 Deltapine 16 532 889 437 640 889 774 798 42 Deltapine 55 501 918 619 693 853 640 776 43 Coker 1104 579 970 490 634 821 672 774 42 Coker 304 508 1049 485 640 768 623 770 43 Coker 201 546 929 614 605 830 709 768 43 McNair 612 537 1020 335 640 840 557 764 44 Dixie King III 467 918 489 694 835 607 764 41 Stoneville 603 531 833 475 661 822 727 761 40 Stoneville 213 540 891 538 645 805 695 759 41 Delcot 277 470 948 424 614 784 684 758 42 Auburn 56 543 940 437 591 809 687 757 39 Coker 310 474 924 546 573 850 596 736 43 Coker 417 486 924 430 589 790 615 730 42 *1976 data only. Data not included in averages. **1975 data only. Data not included in averages. Table 6. Performance of Cotton Varieties in Southern Alabama, Three-year Average, 1974-76 Yield of lint per acre Au- Brew- Head- Monroe- Pratt- Tallas- Av. lint Variety burn* ton land** ville ville see Av. percentage Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Lb. Pct. McNair 511 574 1217 528 614 963 750 886 41 Hancock 518 1205 649 650 924 687 866 42 Delcot 277 550 1114 575 640 908 724 846 42 Deltapine 16 573 1026 575 654 958 735 843 42 Dixie King III 565 1125 616 715 927 581 837 41 Coker 1104 587 1084 649 653 907 663 827 42 Stoneville 213 596 1047 655 636 917 700 825 41 McNair 612 588 1127 644 636 935 574 818 44 Coker 201 591 1056 876 632 913 652 813 43 Deltapine 55 520 1005 728 663 936 636 810 43 Coker 310 562 1068 731 603 962 592 806 43 Coker 417 578 1092 628 612 918 588 802 42 Stoneville 603 574 964 596 629 901 675 792 41 Auburn 56 578 1039 687 583 859 679 790 39 *1974-1976 data only. Data not included in averages. **1974-1975 data only. Data not included in averages. Table 7. Percentage of Plants Showing Symptoms of Fusarium Wilt- Average wilt percentage 2-yr 3-yr 4yr 5-yr 6-yr 7-yr9- Variety 1976 1975-76 1974-76 1973-76 1972-76 1971-76 1970-76 1 Auburn 56 3.4 13.6 20.7 22.9 20.3 19.9 23.6 Coker 201 4.8 28.7 24.7 19.6 18.9 24.4 31.4 Deltapine 16 17.8 16.9 18.6 18.2 19.6 26.1 34.3 Stoneville 213 16.4 33.1 35.2 45.5 42.6 44.2 51.5 Coker 310 11.6 21.1 20.6 27.1 23.7 31.5 27.0 Coker 417 6.0 15.3 18.4 22.9 24.3 28.4 31.5 Stoneville 603 4.7 7.5 16.8 16.7 17.5 22.8 25.1 Delcot 277 13.1 16.7 17.6 18.4 17.0 20.5 27.3 McNair 511 12.9 16.1 20.0 22.3 21.3 23.9 Coker 304 8.4 13.8 20.2 24.6 23.6 Deltapine 55 8.6 17.1 21.6 24.7 23.1 Dixie King III 7.2 18.5 15.2 21.9 Hancock 30.7 42.6 42.4 52.8 McNair 612 7.5 14.6 18.9 27.3 Coker 1104 17.8 26.8 22.9 Brycot 4 30.9 Deltapine 26 2.0 Deltapine 61 19.2 DES 06-020-24 8.0 McNair 220 5.4 PD 9241 29.9 Stoneville 731N 35.3 Vail 7 29.6r_. -'Data were taken from a field severely infested with the Fusarium wilt fungus and root-kntnmtds ln Breeding Unit, Tallassee, Alabama. -76 1 2 1 .4 i Auburn University is an Equal Opportunity Employer